PACK
HERALD AND NEWS, Klamath Falls, Ore.
Tuesday, Auguit t, 1963
I ' 1 ' " 11 " ' ' .w
WASHINGTON REPORT . . .
Navy Aide Reveals
TFX Involvement
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Everyone's aware that we've been run
ning up Federal debt for our grandchildren to
pay, but fewer people know that we have
been running up bills that we'll have to pay
ourselves in the foreseeable future.
Rep. Clarence Cannon pointed out the
other day that while Congress is debating de
tails of the 1964 budget at this time, many of
. the decisions already have been made. In pre-
vious years, Congress authorized projects and
'. now has no option but to pay for them.
; Total requests from the Administration
; to Congress for money now come to about
i $107 billion almost $2,000 per American
family. However, all but about $50 billion
i.must be passed because we're already com
i 'mitted to the programs.
: Such authorizations of new programs
have led to an escalator effect in Federal
spending. The requests for 1964 are more
than $3 billion over those for 1963. They are
(Dallas Timet Herald)
Defense Secretary McNamara can be
whipped with a belt. Or, more properly, a
;buckle.
!?: Back In December, 1961, the Secretary
became news when ho got into a fight with
'the Army, Navy, Air Force and Marines over
belt buckles.
Attempting to save money, he ordered all
services to pick one buckle they could use in
common. But the Marines didn't want to give
up their open-face brass 29 cent buckles, the
Army and Navy voted for their brass slide
tongue 12 cent buckles and the Air Force said
it wanted its 12 cent silver colored buckles.
McNamara cut this guardians' knot by or
By HOLMES ALEXANDER
"I'd vote against it now," said
Senator Howard Cannon, the hus
ky, hard-working Nevadan, who
.had a draft of the East-West Nu
clear Treaty before him on his of
fice desk.
".That wasn't the whole of his
.Statement to this reporter, as
we'll see in a moment, but it puis
-up a warning flag to the Adminis
tration steamroller with which
President Kennedy intends to
smash through to early and easy
ratification of his historic pact.
Cannon is not one of the Hard
Liners who would automatically
vote against any accommodation
with Communism or with Mr. Ken
nedy. He is a thoughtful, moder
ate Democrat (sometimes touted
to succeed Mike Mansfield as
Majority Floor Leader), a former
County and City Attorney, a
.World War II bomber pilot shot
mown in combat, an Air Force
Brigadier General (Ret.) one of
the most industrious and respect
ed men in the Senate, although
still a first-termer. Cannon's out
spoken skepticism is the more re
markable in that he is up for
reelection next year, and already
is receiving tliose letters from
home that demand he vote (or
the treaty in the name of "peace."
. To this argument. Cannon re
sponds with a bisyllabic expletive
. . f
Would you bavt tint
to our Domettic
Economy Problems
more than $20 billion over those for 1961. And
they are more than $44 billion over those for
1954 just ten short years ago.
Congress acts in steps on spending. First,
it gives what is called "obligational authority."
That means the Federal agency in question is
allowed to run up bills. Then Congress appro
priates to pay them.
Often a new program is given spending
authority for several years ahead That is why,
although the performance of the Area Re
development Authority displeased the House
so much it refused to grant new obligational
authority, the ARA can go merrily on for a
year or more spending what it already has au
thority to spend.
It is hoped that Congress will cut back
the annual appropriations on which it still has
options for fiscal 1964. It is also to be hoped
that our representatives will get us off the
spending escalator by curbing obligational
authority for future years.
Buckling Under
dering all of 'em to knuckle down to a black
enamel buckle.
In February, 1962, tests however, the
black enamel buckle showed up to be bad
about chipping. Quartermaster Research Cen
ter immediately said it would conduct "accele
rated research and development" on the
buckles.
Sixteen months later, the Journal and
Register (a pro-Pentagon service magazine
published by civilians and retired officers)
reported with relish and satire that the re
search and development was still going on.
And everyone was still strapping up his pants
with the buckle of his choice.
HOLMES ALEXANDER . . .
Skepticism Runs High
meaning "Hokum!" His eventual
treaty vote will be decided entire
ly upon the treaty's merits and
in the American interests. His
misgivings are those which reside
in the minds of other members
of the Armed Services Committee,
other members of the Space Com
mittee and other lawyers who
know how to look for loopholes in
the fine print of any contract.
In reviewing Cannon's misgiv
ings, then, we are covering Sen
atorial territory which the Pres
ident must conquer if he is to
come up with the two-thirds ma
jority for ratification.
Cannon's first objection to the
treaty is that the Husso-Ameri-can
negotiators in Moscow admit
tedly discussed a European non
aggression pact. The President has
already given his personal word
.to at least one member of the
Foreign Relations Committee that
no secret deal was made, on mat
ters outside this treaty, to obtain
Khrushchev's agreement to do
what he had previously refused
to do. Cannon is willing to ac
cept Mr. Kennedy's pledge on this,
but that isn't enough. The Sen
ator wants to hear from Am
bassador Harriman and others
what the discussions were all
about. He'll have to be convinced
that the rights of non-signing
NATO allies were in no way com
promised by the Nuclear Treaty.
,tli
to terv w coniultout
Ttoco Corptl"
'Die treaty would forbid atmos
pheric and space testing, but
Atomic Energy experts today will
concede that it's possible to test
in the air and in space without
being detected. The argument is
made that the non-detectable
shots are of small yield and are
not important.
"t won't agree." says Cannon,
"that they are unimportant."
He will have to be convinced
by the Atomic Energy Commis
sion that the USA does not have
a pressing need to round out its
knowledge by the very tests
which this treaty would forbid.
He has heard that the Joint Chiefs
of Staff are generally agreed to
accept the treaty, although they
feel that we would profit by going
ahead with some tests which are
now incomplete. He wants to hear
this seeming contradiction dis
cussed in person by the military
chiefs.
Cannon is deeply concerned over
the acknowledged fact that the
treaty gives many clear advan
tages to the enemy. The pact
halts above-ground tests, where
the Russians are ahead, but al
lows underground tests, where
we are ahead. The Senator finds
these startling disadvantages to
the American military posture:
1. "The treaty would almost do
away with our anti-missile devel
opment. It can't be carried on
without testing."
2. "Our scientific manpower
would be dispersed. You cannot
keep scientists of this caliber
wailing around with nothing to
do."
3. The 90-duy escape clause un
der which any treaty . member
could cancel all obligations is all
in favor of a nation which plans
to cheat, as Russia did during
the 34-month moratorium that was
broken by the Soviets in Sep
tember, 19(11.
As a lawyer, Cannon feels that
Article Two, Paragraph 2, dealing
with amendments to the treaty,
is fiuzy. It intends to give a uni
lateral Big Power veto to the
USA. the USSR and Great Britain,
but doesn't quite say so to Can
non's satisfaction. Finally, since
he expert. France to go on test
ing and expects Red China soon
to start testing. Cannon asks:
"What do we do then?" He wants
to hear some policy discussion on
how non-testing nations should
react toward the testers.
Cannon is a skeptic, not an op
ponent, a doubter but not a neija
tivist. He is a nervy, out-loud
thinker, a voicer of Ihoughllul
opinions which many of his mod
erate colleagues share but keep
to themselves, or confide with
don't-quote-me precautions to their
friends o( the press.
NIKITA KHRUSHCHEV engages in an orangj juice toast
Togo premier, during I960 visit to New York,
.THE GLOBAL VIEW . .
By LEON DENNEN
Newspaper Enterprise Analvst
UNITED NATIONS, N.Y.
(NEA There was unconcealed
joy in the U.N. over Russia's pro
posal that heads of state and
government attend the General
Assembly session in 1863.
Another summit in the United
Nations? Delegates of the small
er nations, who like to rub shoul
ders with the mighty of this
world, were especially elated.
They were completely uncon
cerned with the fact that, while
calling for a summit meeting,
the Russians have again refused
to pay their share of the U.N.
peace-keeping assessments.
"Isn't there a danger that the
United Nations might go bank
rupt before 1965?" an African
delegate was asked.
"Fear not, my friend," he re
plied. "The United Nations will
exist as long as there are dol
lars in the American treasury."
The delegate was a handsome
young man attired in a short jack
et with well-padded shoulders and
tight-fitting trousers which seem
to be the status symbol of the
new breed of U.N. diplomats. He
was confident that, because Pres
ident Kennedy intends to run for
reelection on a "peace plat
form," the United States will not
let the U.N. die "even if the Rus
sians never contribute another ru
ble." Actually, the delegates of the
.12 African states are currently
too occupied with their "historic"
effort to expel South Africa and
WASHINGTON NOTEBOOK
By WASHINGTON STAFF
Newspaper Enterprise Assn.
WASHINGTON (NEA1 -Australia's
Labor party leader
Arthur Calwell was able to match
Irish ancestry with President
John F. Kennedy when he called
at the White House to pay his
respects.
Calwell's grandfather migrated
from Ireland to Australia about
the same time Kennedy's grand
father migrated to America. The
brother of Calwell's grandfather
migrated to the United States and
settled near Harrisburg, Pa.
The Australian political lead
erwho just missed becoming
prime minister by one vote in
the House of Representatives
hasn't been in the United States
for 17 years. He stopped off in
Pennsylvania to renew ties with
his American cousins.
Army Chief of Staff Gen. Earle
G. Wheeler, reminiscing before
the American Legion convention
in St. Louis, Mo., observed that:
"Those of you who arc army
veterans w ill recall that your lot
in war was determined largely
by three ever-present factors: the
enemy, the weather and the ter
rain. "You may recall, also, that
the enemy always seemed to oc
cupy the high ground in positions
that were difficult to locale; that
the weather ran heavily to rain,
heat or mid ; and the terrain over
which you moved invariably tend-
Almanac
Ry United Press International
Today is Tuesday. Ann. 6. the
2tmh day of 196.1 with 147 to
follow.
The moon is approaching its
last phase.
Tlie morning stars are Jupiter
and Saturn.
The evening stars arc Mars and
Saturn.
Those born today include British
poet Alfred, Lord Tennyson, in
1809.
On this day in history:
In 1890. William Kemmler be
came the first person in (he Unit
ed Slates to be executed in an
electric chair.
A thought for the day Ameri
can writer Mark Twain said:
"Always do right. This will grati
ly some people, and astonish
Hie rest."
1
Will Hotheads Wreck U.N.?
Portugal from the General As
sembly to worry about the U.N.'s
finances.
As they see it, the only "ur
gent" problem facing the U.N. is
South Africa's policy of racial se
gregation and Portugal's reluc
tance to relinquish Angola to
strife-torn "liberators" headed by
two self-styled governments-in-exile.
The western nations have made
it clear that, although they also
abhor apartheid and colonialism,
the expulsion of South Africa and
Portugal might only lead to the
disintegration of the U.N. with
out solving the problem of racism
or the liberation of Angola.
The United Nations "was found
ed as a forum in which opinions
could be expressed, argued fully
and freely, and in which all de
cisions could be democratically
arrived at," said Ambassador Ad
lai Stevenson. "If that tradition
should be altered now we threat
en not only the political future of
the U.N. but also its economic
and social aims."
Stevenson also warned that the
developing countries would be
the first to suffer from such a
"tragedy." (
Nevertheless, the African-Asian
bloc, egged on by Moscow and
encouraged by the U.N.'s General
Secretary U Thant. has already
scored some preliminary victories
in the relentless campaign against
South Africa and Portugal.
India's Prime Minister Nehru
has suspended diplomatic con
tacts with South Africa and im
posed economic sanctions on it.
Australia Matches
President Kennedy
ed to be uphill, consisting of eith
er a wet or dry mixture of earth
which both the dictionary and
the soldier call mud and dust,
respectively."
The general added, "the dic
tionary probably describes them
in more refined terms than the
soldier does."
Dr. Frank Stanton, president
of the Columbia Broadcasting
Corp., had a bad time of it when
he testified before a congressional
committee in favor of permitting
radio and television stations to
editorialize on the air.
"If you were to put Uie U.S.
Constitution up for adoption by
this Congress," he observed later,
"I don't think you could get even
the First Amendment ratified."
That's the one that guarantees
freedom of speech."
Gen. Jayanto Nath Chaudhuri,
chicl of staff of India's army,
came to the United States at the
invitation of American army of
ficers who are advising him on
equipment and training to hold
back tlte Red Chinese. He picked
June because it is the monsoon
season back home.
But he hit Washington in a
week of 95-degree temperatures
with the humidity near tlie 100
per cent mark. His observation:
"It's worse than tlie monsoons."
Asked what American military
equipment India was buying, Gen.
Chaudhuri replied: "Helicopters
are no good at high altitudes.
Trucks and Jeeps are no good
in tlie mountains because there
are no roads. But we've bought
Missouri mules from almost
every country that had any, ex
cept the United States.
"With the present patchwork
of farm legislation now in effect,
nobody could be a good secretary
of agriculture." says American
Farm Bureau President Charles
B. Shuman. "If anybody proposed
me for secretary of agriculture,"
he adds. "I'd run so fast ami
so (ar they would never find me."
Sen. John G. Tower, R-Texas.
is showing two photographs taken
at tlie National Dratt-Goldw alerter-President
rally in Washington
to prove there were a few Ne
groes in attendance.
Commenting on tlie rally. NEA
columnist Peter Edson had noted
tlicre were no Negroes inside
tlie armory, an observation con
firmed by a number of reporters
covering tlie rally.
V
V V,
iifc. vmitr
with the late Sylvanus Olympic
Portugal was recently expelled
from the International Conference
on Public Education, a body
backed by U.N., despite the pro
tests of John H. Fischer, presi
dent of Columbia University's
Teacher's College. Professor Fis
cher termed the expulsion irregu
lar and of "no legal effect."
Tlie International Labor Office,
headed by a more pliable Ameri
can, David Morse, was pressured
by the African and Arab coun
tries to propose an amendment
to its constitution providing pow
ers to expel South Africa from the
ILO.
As seen by the African dele
gates, these are all preliminary,
though decisive steps toward the
expulsion of South Africa and
Portugal from the U.N.
"Suppose the African - Asian
bloc musters enough votes to ex
pel (the two nations where will
it all end?" a western diplomat
asked.
He concluded sadly that it is
the political extremism of the
new nations even more than fi
nancial bankruptcy that is today
the greatest threat to the exist
ence of the United Nations.
By SYDNEY J. HARRIS
I was spending the weekend
with a friend whose character
and outlook on life I much ad
mire. On Saturday morning, I ac
companied him to his barber, in
the little town where he spends his
summers.
The barber was a sullen and un
responsive man, and when we
left I asked my friend why he
put up so equably with such surly
treatment. "I wouldn't care to
have my hair cut by such an un
pleasant fellow,)' I said.
"He's in pain," replied my
friend, "and I have a great sym
pathy with pain especially the
kind that can't be seen with the
eye."
"What do you mean?" I asked
him.
"I mean that people like him
are suffering from intense psychic
pain," he explained. "Most of us
can sympathize with someone suf
fering from cancer or a broken
leg, or any physical ailment. We
make allowances for them, if they
are cranky or withdraw n.
"Yet the really awful pain of
the human animal is psychic pain,
of which the person himself may
By FULTON LEWIS JR.
President Kennedy, a devotee of
speed reading, might spend a few
minutes on the transcript of Navy
Secretary Fred Korth's recent
closed-door Senate testimony.
He might then scan the Su
preme Court's famous Dixon
Yates decision spelling out the
federal conflict-of-interest statute.
Korth's testimony was taken in
executive session by John McClel
lan's Permanent Senate Subcom
mittee on Investigations, which
has for months probed tlie con
troversial TFX contract.
Entered in the record of Mc
Clellan's subcommittee was volu
minous evidence indicating that
Korth may be guilty of conflict-of-interest
improprieties. Consider
the following:
1. Korth was president of
the Continental National Bank of
Fort Worth up until tlie day he
assumed his Pentagon post. In
that capacity he approved a loan
to General Dynamics Corpora
tion. 2. Testimony indicates t h a t a
substantial part of General Dy
namics' loan is still owed to
Korth's bank.
3. Korth received 16 visits and
5 telephone calls from officials
of General Dynamics before the
TFX contract was awarded. His
own log shows these visits totaled
391 minutes, or more than 6'.i
hours. The same log indicates that
Korth spent a total of 33 minutes
with officials of tlie Boeing Com
pany who also sought the contract.
I One of the two visits paid to
Korth by Boeing personnel dealt
not with TFX but helicopters. I
4. The Pentagon Source Selec
tion Board, after months of in
vestigating, awarded the TFX con
tract to Boeing on tlie grounds
that its craft would be more eco
nomical and more efficient.
5. Korth and Defense Secretary
STRICTLY PERSONAL
be unaware. It's my belief that
men and women like my barber
are suffering acutely, almost all
the time, and I feel sorry for
them. I don't say I'll go out of
my way to be with them but
I won't go out of my way to
avoid them, either." ;
"A lot of people suffer but they
aren't that unpleasant," I de
murred. "That's true," he said, "but
each personality copes with its
problems in the best way it can
sometimes in the only way it can.
Some people drink, some lie. some
are cruel, and the really unhappy
ones simply retreat into a private
world of their own. My barber
has a personality we call 'miser
able' because he's in misery
much of the time."
"It doesn't make him any more
likeable for me to know that," I
said.
"No, it doesn't," he agreed.
"But, then, a beggar isn't like
able. A leper isn't attractive. Un
fortunate people shouldn't have to
be winning in order to win our
sympathy. In fact, tlie less win
ning they are, the more we should
feel sorry for them.
Gift Horse?
: tT v. .y-i;r.xV V jVfji
Robert McNamara overruled the
Board's unanimous decision, and
gave the $8 million contract to
General Dynamics.
6. On Jan. 18, 1962. in an ap
pearance before another Senate
Committee. Korth revealed that
he planned to return to his post
at the Continental National Bank
upon completion of his Washing
ton stint.
Because of his Fort Worth bank
ing interests, Korth faced a prob
lem that "would stagger a Solo
mon" in objectively considering
tlie TFX contract, said Senator
Karl Mundt. Korth replied:
"Senator Mundt, I repeat that'I
believe that I am a man of .in -tegrity.
If you find, or this com
mittee finds I am not, certainly
you should so recommend to the
President and I will promptly
hand in my resignation."
Mundt and other members of
the subcommittee will make no
recommendations until they finish
their investigation, which may not
be for many months. At least one
congressman, however, has de
manded that President Kennedy
seek Korth's resignation.
He is Iowa's H. R. Gross, a
Republican, who calls tlie TFX
contract a "real Texas-sized scan
dal." The Supreme Court's Dixon
Y'ates decision made crystal-clear
the statute's meaning:
"It is directed not only at dis
honor, but also at conduct that
tempts dishonor. To this extent,
therefore, the statute is more con
cerned with what might have hap
pened in a given situation than
what actually happened. It at
tempts to prevent honest govern
ment agents from succumbing to
temptation by making it illegal
for them to enter into relation
ships which are fraught with
temptation."
"It seems to me," he continued,
"that all of us could handle peo
ple like that much better if we
understood that they are in pain.
Not physical pain, which we can
easily identify with, but mental
pain of some sort, which began at
an early age. Once we grasp this
fact, we no longer resent them,
or react unplcasanlly toward their
unpleasantness. They are, as it
were, 'patients' in life, not peo
ple, and they carry their sick-bed
around with them everywhere
they go."
"I'd still rather get my hair
cut by a friendly barber," I said.
"So would I," he smiled. "But
even though my going to him
doesn't make him any better, in
some way I like to think that it
makes me better. It gives me a
greater tolerance for people of
his sort, and it helps me to sub
due my own dissatisfactions.
When I see his unexpressed and
unknown pain at being what he
has become, 1 feel renewed grati
tude that I don't have to live inside'1
that shell. Probably that's why I
always tip him more than I
should."