Civil lighters Make Plans To Get 100,000 To March On Washington
. .rcsniiinns esti lmay run into millions of do!
Editor's Note: The great
est racial demonstration in the
nation' history. march of
100,000 strong, is planned by
Negro civil rights groups for
Washington on Aug. 28. The
story of how a dozen men and
women are mapping out the
march, strp-by-step, and of the
precautions to keep It peaceful
is told In the following dispatch.
By JOHN PIERSON
United Press International
In a little yellow house in Har
lem, a doien men and women are
making plans to send 100,000 civil
rights marchers to Washington
late this month.
The little house, which usually
6ervcs as a community center for
getting children off the streets,
has become headquarters for an
effort to get an army of adults
on the streets of the nation's cap
ital Aug. 28.
Civil rights leaders call it the
"march on Washington for jobs
and freedom.
They say the marchers will pro
vide evidence of t h e need for
quick federal action to safeguard
civil rights and provide jobs for
the unemployed.
President Kennedy has en
dorsed their effort.
At a news conference last
month, the President said the
march is "in the great tradition"
of lawful protest. Unlike some
other recent demonstrations, Ken
nedy said, this one gives "every
evidence it is going to be peace
ful."
"I look forward to being here,"
Kennedy said. "I am sure mem
bers of Congress will be here."
The President's distinction be
tween peaceful and violent dem
onstrations was not lost on those
who era planning for Aug. M.
The Hcv. Martin Luther King
predicted It would, be "the great
est non-violent demonstration ever
to take place" in Washington.
But all leaves have been can
celed Aug. 28 for the District of
Columbia's 2,900-man police force.
They will be supported by 500 re
serves, 250 National Park police
men and the district's 2,000 Na
tional Guardsmen.
If serious trouble developed, au
thorities in the federal city could
call in the Army.
As an additional-precaution no
parade permits will be issued
that day except to the six groups
sponsoring the parade and those
they designate.
The six sponsors are the Con
gress of Racial Equality, the
Southern Christian Leadership
Conference, the Student Non-Vio
lent Coordinating Committee, the
Negro American Labor Council,
the National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People
and the Urban League.
The American Nazi party asked
permission to stage a "counter
demonstration" but was refused.
Despite these precautions, the
marchers intend to police their
own ranks. They are acutely
aware that any outbreak of vio
lence might prejudice their cause
not only in Congress but in the
eyes of the American people.
They have asked the Guardians,
a private group of off-duty New
York policemen, to train 1.000
men who will circulate through
the crowd and watch for trouble
Five hundred more men, in
teams of 10. will be stationed
along the line of march and
equipped with walkie talkies and
bull horns. No one will be per
mitted to march who is not wear
ing an arm band issued by the
national headquarters.
The national headquarters will
also supply all placards. No oth
er slogans will be allowed.
At 10 a.m., on the morning of
the 28th. marchers will assemble
at 51 different spots around the
city.
Congressmen will be invited to
come to tiie assembly points to
receive petitions and address their
constituents. A congressman who
fails to show up will be visited
by a small delegation in his of
fice on Capitol Hill.
But there will be no sit-in on
Congress.
Early in June, one of King's
aides, the Rev. George Lawrence,
announced plans for a "massive,
militant and monumental sit-in"
in the halls and galleries of the
rights program.
Congress was shocked. Sen. Lis
ter Hill, D-Ala., called Lawrence's
plan a "blatant attempt to club
Congress into submission."
Even some of the strongest
backers of civil rights bridled at
the idea. Tliey said a sit-in would
alienate many liberals.
Hep. Emanuel Ccller, D-N.Y.,
who has charge of the adminis
tration's rights profcram in the
House, said it would cause tre
mendously deep resentment, which
undoubtedly would prejudice the
cause of the Negro."
Negro leaders canceled plans
for a sit-in.
One of them, the Rev. Walter
E. Fauntroy of the SCLC, said,
"after all, when you want legis
lation, why tie up the legislative
process?"
But plans still are afoot, in case
of a filibuster before or after the
28th. to send 1.000 persons a day
to Washington to stage a "counter 'are supposed to be over and thel
filibuster" somewhere near the marchers will go to lunch. .stration,
Capitol grounds.
The leaders also hope that while
the marchers are meeting their
congressmen, a small delegation
can present demands to President
Kennedy. The delegation would in
clude at least one Negro and one
white person who are out of work.
Their demands will be:
Passage of an "effective" civ
il rights program during the cur
rent session ot Congress.
Immediate desegregation
the nation's schools.
An end to police brutality
against demonstrators all over the
country.
A massive federal public
works program to provide jobs,
bolstered by legislation to pro
mote an expanding economy.
A federal fair employment
practices act to bar job discrim
ination by federal, state and local
governments, private employers
or unions.
fair labor standards act
that covers low-paying jobs not
now covered.
A national minimum wage of
$2 an hour.
By noon, the "confrontations"
At 12:30 p.m., they Hill start
converging on the Ellipse, a big
open park just south of the White
House. There they will form up,
state by state, in preparation for
the march.
At 2 p.m., tiie parade will be
gin, its destination the Lincoln
.Memorial.
The marchers are supposed to
be assembled in the open spaces
around the memorial by 3 p.m.
Integration leaders will climb
of the steps of the memorial and
there, under the eyes of the Great
Emancipator, will report on the
mornings confrontations witn
Congress and tiie President.
The speeches are scheduled to
last two and a half hours.
The six sponsors hope frater
nal, labor, religious and other
groups will join the march. The
National Catholic Conference for
Interracial Justice says it is go
ing to send "many delegations."
The leaders want white march
ers as well as Negroes.
of;'
Fauntroy said
Dlanned as a demonstration
Americans. There are just as
many wlule people as .icgiu
mient occur laier.
Th effort to involve tiie "folks
back home" will go farther still.
-., nrnnc ara heinp ureed to de-
who want to see the record of , , w Freedom Day."
America changed. , . d employers are called upon to
If all goes as planned, the jve their men a holiday with
crowd will break up at 5:30 p.m.,pay
,,,.1 uhen Government offices are '
letting out. Police pian 10 uiui
off a large part ol the city near
the memorial to try to prevent
a massive traflic jam. I
Within two hours, the organiz-j
ers hope, all of the demonstra
tors will be back on their buses,
trains and planes and on their
way borne. '
The national organizations esti lmay run into millions of dollars
le march will cost them but the local groups a
Transportation for lOO.OOOlhave to payjorjhat.
This is not a Negro demon-rights ana to orara k "Yu . , ,.h will cost them but the local groups are going to
ti;. ;.IODDOSItlon to any ui'" . : ,.... (., ihat
11113 ' '-' . .
Jtio.000
Negro leaders hope the march
ers will not lay down their ban
ners as soon as they quit Wash
ington. The hope is thev will "go
home inspired" to wurk for civil
1800 FREE STEAKS
AT STAKE !
It.
' i YVotch for -
V SNOWBALLS IN AOGUST!.
PAC1E 8
UK HALO AND NEWS, Klamath Falls, Ore.
DEADLY BICYCLE RIDE
BASKING RIDE, N.J. (UPH-
Mrs. Clarissa Harris, 68. South
Orange, was killed and her hus
band, William, 70, was injured
Sunday when their bicycle-built-;
(or-two slipped on loose gravel
and fell over.
Monday, August 5, 1963
PREDICTS CANDIDATES
WASHINGTON H"PI Sen.
Jacob. Javits, R-N.Y.. predicts,
ruling out a compromise candi
date, that the Republican Nation
al Convention will choose either
Sen. Barry Goldwater or Gov.
Nelson A. Rockefeller for the
presidential nomination next year.
Because it takes a long time to
make a candidate well-known in
the country. Javits said Sunday
on a television program, "there
is the greatest likelihood that the
Republican nominee" will be
cither the Arizona senator or the
New York governor.
THE LOCKS THAT FAILED
MENLO PARK, Calif. lUPH
Every available locksmith around
here was put to work by police
Sunday at 133 banks, jewelry
stores, pharmacies and other es
tablishments. A thief broke into the office of
a local janitorial service and stole
the kevs to the firms.
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