Nationwide Survey Reveals Urban Negroes Far Short Of Goal
By HARRY FERGISOS
lulled Press International
The urban Negro in the United
States has made limited gains
toward equality this year but still
is far short of his goal.
A survey by United Press In
ternational of the nation's 25 larg
est cities shows that it is improb
able, if not impossible, that 1963
will be the year of decision in
the Negro fight for absolute equal
ity. The tempo of Negro demon
strations in the (irst half of 1963
misled many persons into believ-!
ing a major breakthrough had
been achieved or was at hand.
Between Mav 1 and Julv is
there were demonstrations in 153
cities scattered through 30 states,
most of them alona the Eastern
Seaboard. But when quiet was re-
siorea, most ot tne gains were
limited and some of them ware
only on paper. It appears 1863
win go aown m history as the
year in which the Negro plowed
and planted the fields of equality.
It will take 10 years, perhaps
longer, to reap the harvest.
HERALD AND NEWS. Klamath Falls, Oregon
Monday, July 39, 19113
PAGE 7;
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33 Greek "F"
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57 "X"
58 Bird's retreat
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letter
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tree
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36 Greek "E"
39 Masculine
nickname
40 Monastery
church
41 Ancient Britons
42 Tibetan priest
43 Asiatic lake
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Negro leaders are not publicly1
claiming major victories. The
UPI asked the Rev. Martin Lu
ther King of the Southern Chris
tian Leadership, James Farmer
ot the Congress of Racial Equal
ity and Boy Wilkins of the Na
tional Association for the Advance
ment of Colored People to desig
nate the city or tow n which they
felt was dealing with the prob
lem in the best way. All declined
to reply, inviting the conclusion
that they were dissatisfied with
conditions everywhere.
25 City Survey
Facts and figures presented
here represent conditions in the
nation's 25 biggest cities and may
not be valid in terms of all the
Negroes in the nation. Here is a
breakdown of how the urban Ne
gro stood at the halfway mark
of 1963:
Housing: No major Negro
gains since the UPI conducted a
survey a year ago. Everywhere
the pattern is the same: Whites
prefer not to live as neighbors
with Negroes and if they can af
ford it they move to the suburbs.
Between 1950 and 1960 the white
population of Chicago declined by
601,223; the Negro population in
creased by 320,372, There arc
many pepper and salt neigh
borhoods where whites and Ne
groes live together because they
cannot afford to do anything else.
48 Formerly
51 interjection
1 12 13 14 I IB 16 17 I 13 19' ilO 111
12 13 14
15 " 16 17 '.
18 il r"! 2Q2l
' 22 23 !
24 125 126 27 H 28" 29 30"
3f H 32 33
Umi mJ
34 35 '
37 38
40 npi
42 143 144 45 46"748
49 5051 52
53 54 55
56 ' 57 58
J I I I 1 29
In Atlanta the Negro population!
compromising about 40 per cent'
of the total lives on one-fifth to:
one-sixth of the residential land.
In San Antonio, Tex., there is
a development containing 75 hous
es selling (or $22,000 and up. It
advertises that it is the only in
tegrated housing development in
the nation. So far, no whites have
chosen to live there.
Public Office: The Negro does
fairly well in appointive jobs, but
not so good in elective offices.
San Antonio, San Diego, Cincin
nati, Memphis and New Orleans
have no Negroes in elective jobs.
The Negro fares best in New
York where he has a president
of Manhattan Borough, several
city councilmen and a Congress
man, Adam Clayton Powell.
Public Accommodations: Much
progress for the Negro .has been
made in this field. The bus prob
lem has almost ceased to exist.
There has been a quiet and or
derly integration of swimming
pools, parks and golf courses in
most cities. But there has been
no great Negro rush to use such
facilities. There has been only a
small and token integration of
barber shops and beauty parlors,
but the Negroes seem to prefer
to take their patronage to busi
nesses run by members of their
own race.
OUROT1ST0RS
Hospitals: It is difficult to be
definitive about how (he Negro
patient lares because too many
cities have laws against indentify-
ing persons by race or color. The
10 denominational hospitals in
Minneapolis say patients, doctors
and nurses are completely inte
grated, in Memphis one of the
three large city hospitals is
staffed entirely by Negroes and
treats only Negroes.
Job Opportunities: Negroes com
plain labor anions, especially in
the North, are discriminating
against them. Labor leaders con
cede there is some truth in ft
and President Ceorge Meany of
the AFW.IO told Congress the
other day it should pass a strong
law to mop up those areas of
discrimination whielt still persist
in our own ranks." Negro lead
ers complained about the Elec
tricians' Union in Philadelphia,
Cleveland and San Diego. Candid
labor leaders say that most un
ions have tag lists of apprentice
applications and Negroes are not
on them. Other job opportunities
vary widely. All major depart
ment stores in Washington have
Negro clerks; only one major de
partment store in Houston does so.
Jail Treatment: St. Louis, Bos
ton and Atlanta index prisoners
by color, but no other cities do
so. Negro prisoners are segregat
ed in the jails of Atlanta, New
Orleans, Houston and Cincinnati.
Negro leaders voiced few com-
plaints about police departments!
but did criticize the activities of
individual policemen in some cas
es.
Churches: The area in which
there has been the least trouble.
However, there has been no wide
spread integration of worshippers
because Negroes prefer to attend
Negro churches in their own
neighborhoods.
Public Hiring: Most of tlie 25
largest cities operate under Civil
Service or fair employment ordi
nances. There seems to be a ten
dency to keep the number of Ne
groes on the public payroll in di
rect ratio to the percentage of
Negroes in the population. There
is a heavy percentage of Negroes
in such categories as laborers and
garbage collectors. All cities re
porting agree there are fewer Ne
goes In the white collar category
than in the laborer classification.
Professional Opportunities: In
tegration of the bar and medical
associations is complete in 16 cit
ies. The other cities vary. In Dal
las the medical society is inte
grated but the bar association is
not. Negroes have their own law
yers association in Houston. In
St. Louis they have their own
medical forum.
Vocational Schools: In most
large cities the Negro is well off,
Houston gives vocational training
in four of the five Negro high
"Wow! Pipe THAT bathing suit! No sleeves!"
V:
FINAL MID-SEASON
earance sal!
ON ALL-SEASON
SUITS COATS DRESSES
Vi OFF
from original price
UP
TO
AND
MORE
Our racks have all been regrouped and re
priced. Everything has been drastically low
ered for this final clearance. We must make
room for new merchandise that is arriving
daily. ;
A VERY SPECIAL GROUP
Half Size Dresses
12V2-26V2
150 To Choose From
Remember . . , Miller's will always
take care of the half-size figure.
Ml I ALSO 200
Jt j AH Season Dresses j
s Regular site 8 to 20, petite and )
juniors. Hurry now for best lelec-
tion. Sale continues through Aug- -
$ ust 3rd, ?
iSii
Ail charge
purchases
made balance
of this month
will not be
due until
September 10th
HAVE YOUR
CAR WASHED
, . , a(om(frIir is less then 19
minute, i-'j.
Sparkle Car fash
4021 S3, Sixth
schools. Xew Orleans has a voca
tional msUtutton whkfc to integrat
ed, but the private vocational
schools are sep-egated. Smith
Hughes School to Atlanta has 11
Negro students out ot 4.6U).
Public Sehiwb: In the nine
years since the Supreme Court
decision two patterns have devel
oped. One ts "segregation by
area," meaning that many schtrab
are predomtantSy Negro because
they are located in Negro neigh
borhoods. In WashiOfBB, IIS pub
lic schools have more than JO per
cent Negro pupils. Nineteen have
more than SO per cent white stu
dents. The other development is
that in the 25 largest cities the
percentage of Negro pupils con
ststeotiy is larger than that of
Negro teachers.
Colleges; There is almost uni
versal integration, but Negro stu
dents usually are beaUy ta (he
minority in both North and South.
There are only about S Negroes
in the University of Cincinnati
which has a,H stadenis. Cleve
land reports that John Carroll has
IT Negroes in an enroUtnent ot
1,816. Inability to pay the taition
and Jack of scholastic quantisa
tions are the reasons most fre
quently cited for the low percen
tage of Negro students.
SHIP
TU 4-4151
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Won't bur mytMiij, hut Wt
smestsf what
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COMi SH US
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Science Shrinks Piles
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Stops Itch Relieves Pain
nw Tffc, n. if. (5u.t) For tfc
ft Tit time wience bit fcond a new
bhnf iobstne with th aston
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rhoids, ttsp itching, sb4 rcEier
pm without surgery
In c after esse, while Rnt!y
relieif5K pats, actual redaction
(shrinkage) took piace.
Moat axB&Eisg of ail results wera
ao t boron fh that offerer mmdm
atocijhjDs u?neat IFss FBss
hsvo teased to be problsml
Tho jecret is cw fcssEsa sub
stance B i- D-jmt J dittos try ol
a woriii-fsmous rea-earth instilt.
This sab-stacea Is no'W iWc
in ipjiiory cr mmimmmt fgrm
At ail drag coaatara.
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