PAGE (-A
HERALD AND NEWS, Klamath Falls, Oregon
Wednesday. July 17, 193
EPSON IN WASHINGTON . . . .
Kennedy Holding His
Own In Public Polls
'He Says It Can't Wait!"
Battle For The Young
; ' During the heyday of the New Deal and
its early aftermath, it was a commonplace to
say that young Americans were voting heavily
Democratic. Lately the political interests of
the young folk have not seemed so clearly
one-sided.
The Young Republicans recently finished
another of their fire and brimstone conven
tions in San Francisco. You would hardly
Jcflow the Young Democrats are alive.
j; In a wide arc across the Old South, into
the Southwest and well sprinkled in the
Mountain states are new Republican leaders
n their tender 30s. They are giving the GOP
organization a new face, and some observers
dare to suggest they may have already altered
the party's power structure.
By contrast key portions of the rival
Democratic organization look old and tired
and here and there corrupt. Sen. Barry
Goldwater reminded the Young Republicans
of this in his speech stressing liberal (Demo
cratic) dependence on "corrupt big city ma
chines" for voting power.
: Yet, despite all the sights and sounds of
youthful upsurge on the Republican side, it is
not clear that young voters are turning con
sistently to Republican choices at the polls.
Dwight Eisenhower won many of them,
"Sir, you have knocked down many things
we believed in, but have not put anything in
their place."
This was an earnest student's lament to
a teacher who was busy trying to instill in all
his pupils a healthy skepticism as they
plunged into the varied fields of knowledge.
In the view of Bergen Evans, a North
western University professor, the job that
teacher was doing is vital. Writing in Cosmo
politan magazine, he says of the American
youngster in school:
"The boy must be encouraged to doubt,
to question, to demand the credentials of
every blustering assertion that claims to be
Incontrovertible.
' "It seems almost cruel. The innocent
trust of youth is so attractive that It seems
wrong to undermine it. But the questioning
spirit . . . will be the boy's first line of de
fense as he passes into manhood.
"The predators of the modern world
work through thought control through
slogans, cliches, dogmas and isms, all clam
oring for the boy's allegiance and blind ac
ceptance." What is at stake in the proper schooling
of our young should bo obvious to us all. In
two years there will be more than 20 million
pre-teen and teen-age boys in U.S. schools.
How their minds are shaped will clearly af
fect the course of national and world history.
Professor Evans calls for careful balance
to assure fair treatment for students through
the whole spectrum of talent.
HOLMES
By HOLMES ALEXANDER
WASHINGTON, D.C. - Son.
Mike Monroncy (D., Okla.) is a
tall, silvered ex-journalist, lolly
of purpose, gifted with gray mut
ter, and co-auUior of the only
modern reorganization of Con
gressional procedures.
Monroncy had been talking a
little and brooding a tot over
Uio Public Accommodations bill
before Uio Commerce Committee.
This bill would make use of the
overused interstate commerce
clause of Uie Constitution. It
would force virtually all propri
etors of private businesses to
serve the public, regardless of
the owner'i desire to discrimi
nate. "I'm all in favor of ending dis
crimination," Monroncy told a re
porter, who had been observing
his meditation from the press tu
ble. "But I'm wondering how far
this bill will take us in bring
ing the federal government into
privalo business. I wouldn't want
a situation where the federal gov
ernment would be licensing, say,
plumbers."
Monroncy still has a lot of
thinking end consulting to do. so
it would be unfair to pin him
to a premature conclusion. But
one of uie ideas he's weighing is
a Constitutional Amendmnt
which would outliw discrimina
tion in places of employment and
accommodation, yet not open Die
door to unlimited federal inter
vention. But in the present Civil Rights
but President Kennedy scored well among
them, too. The 1962 election results, strongly
weighted with Democratic victories in Con
gress and at the governorship level, did not
suggest the Democrats are suffering material
defections.
But every election is a new ball game, and
the Republicans will have a golden chance in
1964 to cut into the ranks of youth and build
overall vote totals to winning, levels.
The Census Bureau says, in response to
inquiry, that by November, 1964, there will be
10,300,000 persons who will have come to'
voting age since the 1960 election. Not all
these will register, or otherwise be eligible
to vote. But perhaps 6 million new voters will
be on the rolls, two thirds of them in cities
and suburbs.
These youngsters inevitably will repre
sent one of the important battlegrounds of
the 1964 campaign. Who will get them?
Is conservatism the theme they want to
hear? On the assumption it is, Republicans
bang hard on that drum.
Or is there still a quiet, somewhat unas
sertive but pronounced majority for the Dem
ocratic party's philosophy and programs?
The answer should be one of the most
fascinating political results of 1964.
A Place For Greatness
Like many others, he urges patience and
eternal vigilance to the end that creative in
dividuals be identified and encouraged rather
than suppressed by the routine rigidities of
the large class.
At the same time he would not have the
great mass of average students down
graded by teachers or any others:
"No good is accomplished if, by dispar
aging contrast with the fortunate few, the
many are led to feel inferior."
Evans is equally solicitous that reason
able attitudes be shown toward those who
learn slowly or exhibit limited powers. Says
he:
"They, too, are human beings. They, too,
will be men with a place in society . . . They
are helpless in the face of eternal blame and
open or implied contempt."
A good school he adds, must protect the
individual boy against those in or out of
the school who would stigmatize him for fail
ure, corrode his creativity, embarrass him in
his averageness.
"The purpose of the protection is often
the highest educational aim of all to pre
serve that boyish eagerness . . . that inno
cence permits.
"For much human greatness is simply
a retention of the boy in the man."
If that spirit were instantly applied in
all U.S. education, then the waste of human
resource among America's 20 million school
boys would be far less than it is in sad fact
likely to be in 1965 and thereafter.
ALEXANDER
Atmosphere Of
atmosphere of "Action Now."
Monroncy's contemplative ap
proach would seem to have little
chance. It would take at least
two years for Congress and Uie
stales to approve Constitution
al Amendment. It would take this
session of Congress and the next
to conduct a depth study of how
to apply the commerce clause to
Civil nights without inadverlcnt
ly making it apply to other as
pects of business.
Tlie Kennedy Administration
seemingly can't wait and tltc Ne
gro insurrectionists won't wait
that long. At Uie same Commerce
Committee meeting at which your
reporter had a chance to ques
tion Monroncy, there wasn't an
out-of-order ovation for Secreta
ry Husk, who testified for the bill.
A tough-minded chairman like
McClcllan would have gaveled
the audience down. Rut Pasture,
the acting chairman, and Mag
nuson. tlie regular chairman, both
sat still and allowed the demon
stration to run its course.
Such is tlie atmosphere of the
Civil Rights hearings. It will
greatly intensify when the legis
lation comes to Uie floors of
House and Senate, with h u n
dreds of Uiousands of Negro dem
onstrators in town.
In a late afternoon Senate ses
sion, with only himself on the
floor, and with Uie President's
brother in the chair, Hubert Hum
phrey filled six columns of the
Congressional Record with a rab
Voters
Action
ble-rousing harangue that was
more like the radical young agi
tator of 10 years past than the
respected and mature veteran of
parliamentary atfairs that Hum
phrey has become. His fiery di
atribe was not meant for his
colleagues, who weren't around
to hear him, but it will doubt
less go Uirough the mails and
add fuel to the flames of dema
gogucry which arc already lick
ing tlie edges of our cities.
Humphrey, acting floor loader
in the absence ol Mike Mans
field, quoted an Administration
columnist to attack the Senate it
self ("What kind of a legislative
body is it lliat cannot or will not
legislate?"'. He jeered at the
"bleeding of tlie hearts" of fel
low Senators who. earlier in the
day. had spoken against the slave
slate of Cuba. He threatened Con
gress with the warning that tlie
best way to prevent a massive
Negro demonstration next month
would be to pass the Civil Rights
package now.
Plainly this is a bad tune of
history for the contemplative leg
islator, of whom Monroncy is not
the only exemplar. It is a had
time for the reflective citiien who
might hope for something belter
than laws passed in haste and
repented in leisure.
In the atmosphere of "Action
Now," it's devil take the hind
most, alias tliose Americans who
might want time to think these
matters through.
f. t -" - -p tot r;t; . &f
jS
IN WASHINGTON
By RALPH do TOLEDANO
In the guise of investigating im
proper lobbying by fureign gov
ernments. Senator Fulbright's
Foreign Relations Committee has
come perilously close to impinging
on the protections granted the
press under the First Amendment.
It is one thing to look into the
matter of highly-paid lobbyists
who may be influencing legisla
tion as they swarm over the Capi-
lol. It is anoUier to go prying
into the affairs of public rela
tions outfits which supply fea
tures and pictures to the press,
movies, and television.
Where, how, or why the press
publishes what it does is the con
cern of the reader. But Congress
has no business to move in on this
process. There can be no legisla
tive purpose, since Congress is
forbidden by the Constitution to
enter this area. And we have been
told repeatedly though almost al
ways in Communist cases that
legislative committees cannot in
vestigate solely to inform the pub
lic. The Fulbright Committee has
for some time been Running fur
the Hamilton Wright Organization
which does public relations for
foreign governments. Its work is
no secret and it abides by the
laws. It runs, moreover, an ethi
cal operation. The Fulbright Com
mittee is terribly upset because
the Hamilton Wright outfit ar
ranges free junkets for newspa
permen to the countries it repre
sents. (It would seem that the
honorable Senators believe that
they alone are entitled to all-
lly SYDNEY J. HARRIS
1 was pleased to read that at
a recent meeUng of advertising
people in New York, tlie director
of creative projects at NBC news
told tlie group that the worst
word ever coined by advertising
people is "image."
As reported in Advertising Age,
he said that "substance and truth
are Uie important things, rather
than image, even if the picture
is at times unpleasant."
The "image'' is what the public
sees and hears; (lie reality behind
the m wee may be quite another
thing. If we labor heavily and
expensively at the image, and
make the public believe what we
arc not, then there is little incen
tive to change the reality itself.
There is tlie same difference
between the old-fashioned words
"character" and "reputation." A
man's reputation is what others
have been trained to think about
him: his character is what lie
really is. 11 he devotes most of his
elforts to improving his reputa
tion, for its own sake, then his
character will inevitably sulfcr.
"We must change our image"
says a company but an image
must be a true reflection of real
ity, or it is a fake. And Uie only
permanent, meaningful way to
change an image is to change the
substance behind it.
The substance cannot lie
changed by publicity, by promo
tion, by advertising but only
Junketing Newspapermen
costs-paid trips abroad, presum
ably because the American tax
payer picks up the tab. )
Now junkets for newspapermen
have been standard operating pro
cedure as far back as living mem
ory goes. They allow reporters
to visit places where news is
breaking or to give them back
ground which will come in handy
later. Businesses, trade associa
tions, the U.S. military services,
foreign governments and on ad
infinitum arrange these jun
kets. Every publication in the
the world has at one time or an
other made use of the junket.
As a reporter, I was on many
of them. I never experienced any
arm-twisting. And I can think of
no reporters who were so over
come with gratitude, that they
wrote what they didn't believe in
order to pay off. I have also seen
the good that an organization like
Hamilton Wright can do.
Let me give an example:
When Governor Luis Munoz Ma
rin of Puerto Rico began his Op
eration Bootstrap, the island
meant almost nothing to informed
people in the states. The Hamil
ton Wright Organization w a s
called in. Newspapermen were
flown down tu Puerto Rico and
talked to the governor and to oth
er officials. They looked at the
island and saw what was being
done to raise its standard of liv
ing and get it on its feet. To a
man, they were tremendously im
pressed. They began putting Puerto Rico
on the map and describing Oper
ation Bootstrap. Businessmen be-
STRICTLY
PERSONAL
by a radical recxaminaiion of
one's goals, standards, and values.
This is hard work, and often un
pleasant to face, but it is tlie
only ultimately rewarding way to
merge the reality with the im
age. What others think of us, is. of
course, important; and we do not
want them to have a wrong con
ception. Yet. merely dressing up
our image to please and flatter
and beguile the public is a form
of prostitution, unless the inner
self conforms to the outer ap
pearance. When a professional group, such
as doctors or lawyers, feels that
its image lias become somewhat
tarnished in recent years, it us
ually opens a barrage of pub
licity about the "dedication." the
"service." the "high ideals" thai
animate these professions. Rarely
is any attempt made to remedy
practices ami reform procedures
thai have tarnished the imago.
It is generally considered suf-
hcient if the public is persuaded
to adopt a newer and bristlier
image; but this, too, will fail the
test if the substance is nut al
tered and successive campaigns
will have to be mine intense
and hysterical to offset the re
newed cynicism.
"Image" is a word we should
all forget as quickly as possible.
1l is a dehasco currency, whose
purchasing power decreases the
more we inflate it with publicity.
came interested. Today, Puerto
Rico is in many ways an Ameri
can showcase its standard of liv
ing has doubled and some of
the credit belongs to the public
relations job done by the Wright
people.
As an editor on Newsweek, I
went on the first Wright junket
to Puerto Rico. I was told, and
the words were sincere: "Look
around. If you see a story write
it. If you don't, no one will hold
it against you. See anyone and
go anywhere. If you write a
story that's tough on us, no one
will be mad.".
The Fulbright Committee is at
tempting to make it seem sordid
and underhand. There is nothing
underhand about it. When a re
porter gets a free trip to Ger
many, Egypt, or points cast and
west, his editor knows about it
has to know about it and so do
his colleagues. The junket is a
legitimate part of news gather
ing, and this is something of
which Senator Fulbright would be
aware if he knew anything about
the newspaper business. Among
his aides, he has a former news
paperman the person responsible
for the present attack on jun
kets, in fact. Has he listed the
trips he took? And is he repaying
tlie hospitality by turning on his'
hosts?
Of course, public relations out
fits prepare material which puts
their clients in the best possible
light. This is what industry ex
pects. Why shouldn't foreign gov
ernments expect the same. Until
it is shown that these public rela
tions organizations act unscrupu
lously or illegally, they have a
right to conduct business without
having the details of their oer
ntions spread out in the public
record.
I have taken junkets. So have
most other newspapermen. 1 have
seen the travelogue short subjects
prepared by Hamilton Wright for
distribution to neighborhood the
aters. They are clearly labeled for
what they are and technically su
perior to the Hollywood product.
I will continue to enjoy the short
subjects and if I get a bid for a
junket tomorrow, I'll take it.
BERRY'S WORLD
M Wt&
"It certainly It tooi to
tbt hotel
By PETER EDSON
Washington Correspondent
Newspaper Enterprise Assn.
WASHINGTON (NEAl - Is it
true, as some are saying, Uiat
fewer Uian half of the American
people are in favor of tlie policies
President Kennedy is advocating-
Not if tlie' current public opin
ion polls accurately reflect pub
lic opinion.
Recent copyrighted polls taken
by George Gallup's American ln:
stitute of Public Opinion give
Kennedy a 61 per cent populari
ty rating.
While this is his low score to
date a 15 per cent drop in the
first six months of 1963 and a
22 per cent plunge from his all
time high in 1061 it still doesn't
indicate that more than half the
people oppose his policies.
Popularity polls undoubtedly re
flect news trends. If the news is
good, the rating goes up. If the
news is bad, Uie rating comes
down.
This is true, it seems, whether
the president is Democrat or a
Republican.
For example, the low point for
President Eisenhower a popular
ity rating of 49 per cent came
in January 1958 at the depth of
the depression. But when h i s
Summit conference in Septem
ber 1955 offered hope of a Berlin
solution, his rating jumped up to
79 per cent a peak equaled only
after his re-election in 1950.
Similarly, a large factor in Ken
nedy's low score of 61 per cent in
the most recent Gallup poll seems
to be Southern opposition to his
civil rights program.
The South gave him an approval
rating of only 33 per cent, c o m
parcd to 71 per cent approval '
outside the South.
Curiously, when a president is
WASHINGTON REPORT . . .
Controversial Bill
Maintains Pressure
By FULTON LEWIS JR.
Chief White House lobbyist
Larry O'Brien is hard at work
picking up those handful of votes
he needs for passage of the con
troversial Area Redevelopment
bill.
He was stunned a month ago
w'hen House members voted 209
204 against an Administration pro
posal that would have provided
another $455 million for the Re
development Agency (ARA).
Congressional leaders then
breakfasted at the White House,
agreed a similar bill would be
passed by the Senate (it subse
quently was) and returned to the
House for consideration.
Now O'Brien, working closely
with Speaker John McCormack
and Majority Leader Carl Albert
is looking for those few House
"switches" that can give him vic
tory.' He hopes to find them in the
ranks of Republican liberals.
Manhattan's John Lindsay, an
original supporter of ARA, helped
lead opposition to the Adminis
tration proposal a month ago. It
is thought doubtful he can be
won over.
But O'Brien has high hopes of
picking up tlie 'vote of West Vir
ginia's Arch Moore w ho h a s
come under heavy criticism in
a district where unemployment is
high. Local newspapers egged
on. no doubt, by Washington
have been savage in their attacks
upon Uie Congressman.
Another GOP vote that O'Bri
en hopes to win is Massachusetts'
Silvio Contc. Immediately a.'ter
Conic voted against ARA, tlie
Democratic State Committee
staged a "unity dinner" in which
all speakers attacked the Con-
tee- tome new facet around
fail yearl"
in deep international trouble, his
popular support is apt to go up.
Eisenhower's rating soared from
62 to 71 per cent in June 1960 aft
er the U-2 was shot down over
Russia and the second Summit
conference blew up in Paris.
Similarly, Kennedy's all . time
high of 83 per cent came after
the Cuban invasion fiasco in
April I'JCi.
The Kennedy rating stayed
above the "0 per cent mark
through his first two years in
office a record.
At the end of 1961, it was 78 per
cent. At the end of 1962, after Uie
forced withdrawal of Russian
missiles from Cuba and Uie 1962
elections in which Democrats
made big congressional gains, it
w as 76 per cent.
Lack of action on Kennedy's
program in Congress may be part
ly responsible for his sharp drop
in popularity rating in the first
half of 1963. ,
The surprising thing in Kenne
dy's poll ratings is that he still
shows as favorite over the lead
ing Republican possibilities to run
against him in 1964.
In the Gallup poll made at the
end of June, Kennedy and John
son were favored for re-election
over a hypothetical ticket of Gov.
Nelson Rockefeller and Sen. Bar
ry Goldwater by a vote of 56 to
38 per cent.
This may be a little tricky,
for the pollsters' question was
asked in such a way that Rocke
feller was put at the head of the
ticket. Only in the South did the
Republican ticket fare better
47 per cent to 45 per cent for
the Democrats.
Such figures seem to indicate
Kennedy's slipping personal pop
ularity has not vitally affected
his standing against his most
likely 1964 opponents.
gressman for taking bread out of
children's mouths.
O'Brien helped lead the at
tack. Others joining in were Gov.
"Chub" Peabody and District At
torney Matthew Ryan. They
served notice on Conte Uiat "Mos
sy" Donahue, Democratic floor
leader in the State Senate, might
challenge him next fall unless he
got back on the right track.
Sen. Ted Kennedy did his part
too by telling 200 business and
political leaders to pressure Con
tc into backing ARA on the up
coming vote.
But Conte has not backed off.
He has told Peabody to begin
worrying about his own reelec
tion and Ryan to start enforcing
the law in his domain. From Ken
nedy he had demanded a de
tailed explanation of how govern
ment participation in the c o n
struction of motels throughout
rural Oklahoma will help relieve
chronic unemployment in hard
. core distressed areas.
Conte says he now opposes
ARA because it simply has not
done the job. Massachusetts tax
payers have paid more than $14
million into the ARA kitty, and
have yet to get their money's
worth, he says.
To Conte, one of the most dis
turbing ARA projects to dale has
been one that delivered a shoe
manufacturing plant to Indiana.
Before the firm would locate
there. ARA had first to provideMi
loan of $474,000, a grant of $1307
000, a water and sewer project
worth $105,000 and a job retrain
ing program pricetagged at $64,
272. "In one fell swoop," Conte says,
"the ARA made itself a party
to the promotion of cut-Uiroat
competition, to the creation of ad
ditional unemployment in a de
pressed industry, to the lowering
of industry wage levels, to Uie
encouragement of anti-union ac
tivity and to the subsidy of racial
discrimination in employment.
"My information comes not
from diehard conservatives who
oppose any or all measures of
the Kennedy Administration but
from responsible spokesmen of
the United Shoe Workers, AFL
CIO. I have one shoe factorv left
in my district and that kind of
pirating, even without the aid of
taxpayer money, is always like
a sword hanging over our heads."
Conte points to the following
ARA programs with something
less than enthusiasm:
, "ARA funds were used to train
machine tool operators for the
Mack Truck Company in Hagers
town. Md after it had vacated
an old plant in Plainfield, N.J..
where it had employed 2,000
workers.
"ARA maile a grant not a
loan-o( $75,000 to help moder
nize the Hawthorne. Nev., Muni
cipal Airport. Hawthorne has a
population of 2.828.
"ARA loaned $418,000 to the
Tomahawk. Wis., Paper Company
for tlie manufacture of household
tissues even though the industry
. now produces 400.000 tons more
a year than consumers demand.