Racial Problems On Increase In Africa
HERALD AND NEWS. Klamath Falls. Oregon
Thursday. July 11, 1963
PAGE 3B
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JOHANNESBURG (UPIl Atl
the rugged southernmost tip of
Africa where the continent juts
out into the temperate zone lies
South Africa.
This is a kind of gold and dia
monds, of year-round sunshine, of
stern Calvinist traditions, luxury
living and one of the world's
worst racial problems.
The race problem is deeply in
grained in the country's history.
When the first white settlers ar
rived from Holland in 1652 they
found the sub-continent inhabited
by primitive yellowish-skinned
hushmen and Hottentot tribes.
Tlie Bantu races who today form
the bulk of the non-white popula
lion were slowly migrating down
the eastern side of the country,
separated from the newly arrived
Europeans by a no-man's-land at
least 750 miles wide.
The primitive tribes died out,
exterminated by attacks from
both whites and Bantu, and rav
aged by smallpox. In the 18th Cen
tury white and black began a
century-long battle for possession
of the rich grazing and farming
lands. The while man won and
the framework for today's ten
sions was completed.
Britain became the paramount
power in !outn Airica ai ine
time of the Napoleonic wars. A
century later she conquered the
indeDendent Boer republics found
ed by descendants of the early
Dutch settlers who trekked vast
distances to escape from British
racial legislation. The Union of
South Africa was formed in 1910
and for fifty years its relation
ship with Britain was similar to
that of Australia, Canada and
New Zealand.
In 1961 South Africa became an
independent republic outside the
Commonwealth, and now it faces
the future as the lone white
Western-oriented state in a huge,
black, neutralist continent.
But if the state is "white" its
population is overwhelmingly non
white. The 3.2-million white South
Africans hold sway over 11-mil-
lion Africans, 1.5-million coloreds
I mulattos) and 500,000 Asiatics
who have little or no say in run
ning the country.
Despite continuing white immi
gration the proportion of whites is
dropping steadily and demogra
phers estimate that by the end of
the century the present propor-
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MR. AND MRS. ART MilN
TYRE had as visitors for a few
days, Mr. and Mrs. Olon Marshall
and daughter of Victorville; Mr.
and Mrs. Glen Cook and son.
Santa Monica, and Mr. and Mrs.
Melvin Kendall and three chil
dren. West Covina. Mrs. Xlcln
tyre's parents, Mr. and Mrs.
L. C. Connor, have returned to
their home at Riverside after two
months here.
MRS. NEAL JONES spent 10'
days in Oakland with her daugh
ter. Betty Jones. On her way
home she visited her mother and
other relatives in Ashland and
brought her grandson. Darrell
Clark, back for the summer.
.MR. AND MRS. VERN MAN
SON and his parents, Mr. and
Mrs. Harry Manson, Red Bluff,
spent the weekend with Mrs. Vern
Manson's parents, Mr. and Mrs.
Albert Acklin. On Saturday Mr.
and Mrs. Murlin Agee, Klamath
Falls, joined them for the day.
MRS. CATHERINE JENDItZE
JEWSKI is visiting relatives and
friends in Seattle.
MRS. ELIZABETH BELL had
as visitors last week, her niece,
Mrs. Norma Bowman, and daugh
ter, Sharon, Los Angeles. Jack
Clark has returned to Sacramen
to after visiting his grandmother,
Mrs. Bell, and mother, Mrs. Leone
Morine.
RAY ROBERTSON arrived
home by plane from Good Samar
itan Hospital in Portland where
he underwent back surgery.
NEAL JONES is visiting his sis
ter. Mrs. E. G. Hawkins, at Boise.
His brother-in-law is ill in the hos
pital there.
SHARON HOUSE of Sacramen
to is spending a lew weeks with
her great-grandmother, Mrs. Eliz
abeth Bell, and grandmother,
Mrs. Leone Morine. Steve House
is with Mr. and Mrs. Jack Rodg-
ers of Pine Flat, and Cindy House
with the LaHue House family
They are the children of Mr. and
Mrs. Tom House.
tion of 20 per cent will have
dropped to 15 per cent due to the
high non-white birth rate and im
proved medical facilities provided
paradoxically enough by white
taxpayers.
This land sprawls over 472.000
quare miles. With its arid de
pendency of South-West Africa, to
all intents and purposes a fifth
province of the republic, it covers
an area almost as great as the
United States east of the Mississippi.
The ruling whites include about
2 million Afrikaners, strongly Cal
vinist descendants of the early
Dutch settlers. They are possibly
the only white race in the world
almost totally uninfluenced by the
great liberal resurgence that be
gan with the American and
French revolutions. There are
also more than one million English
speaking South Africans and
smaller numbers of almost every
nationality in Europe.
The Africans, coloreds and Asia
tics embrace as much racial va
riety as the white group: Stone
Age bushmen remnants, Zulu
college professors, Moslem des
cendants of Malay slaves, proud
aiKlis, and weird permutations
of Afrikaner Hottentot - English-
Bantu misccgnalion.
It is against this backdrop that
the South African racial drama is
being played out.
The South African government
in the hands of the largely AM
kaner National party since 1948,
is pushing ahead rapidly with its
apartncid (or "separate develop
ment") policy. In the simnlest
terms it amounts to a massive
and costly attempt to unscramble
the South African racial omelette
through rigid segregation, n o t
only between white and black, but
between the different tribal units
among the Bantu.
It envisages an eventual check
erboard commonwealth of black
and white nations within the bor
ders of South Africa. The black
nations, or "Bantustans" based
on the wretchedly poor but po
tentially wealthy African reserves
will have their own industries,
universities, highways, banking
houses and parliaments. In these
nations the white man will have
no political rights, just as in the
white areas the African must ac
cept the status of a temporary
laborer without property or Iran
chise rights.
Rulers of the Bantustans" will
be the tribal chieftains, whose po
sition and prestige have been
greatly enhanced by the white
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AFRICAN CONTRAST Small tin-roofed housing project homes for black South
Africans, top, at Chesierberg, a suburb of Durbin, contrast sharply with the modern
muliti-storied dwelling for white south Africans, below, in Johannesburg.
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Black nationalists say a black
state ruled by these privileged1
chiefs and their yes man coun
cillors can only have a mockery
of independence. The chiefs, they
say, must inevitably oppose the
introduction of modern demo
cratic concepts, or face the fate'
of Nobel Peace Prize winner ex-
Chief Albert Luthuli, who lost hi;
position and freedom for fightingl
apartheid.
The black nationalists, who
form by far the greater propor
tion of politically conscious Afri
cans, want to sec the same proc
ess take place in South Africa as
has already occurred in Tangan
yika, Nigeria and Ghana. They
demand the right to vole and
sweep the white man's privileges
away.
The wealth of South Africa,
built up on the basis of white
enterprise and cheap black labor,
is one of the wonders of the con-
inent. Unlike other African states'
with a one-product economy.
South Africa is a complex, mod
ern, industrial state. Us gold
mines alone produce $750-mimon
worth of the precious metal a
year. Streams of uranium, dia
monds, platinum, coal, copper
and manganese add to the nun
oral output.
What is less generally known is
that today manufacturing is far
more important to the South Af
rican national economy than ei
Iher mining or agriculture. In
1900 the factories of South Africa
turned out manufactured goods
ranging from automobiles to zip
fasteners with a total value of.
more than $4 billion.
Attempts to impose internation
al trade boycotts against South
Africa have failed, and today
South Africans of all races have
more money in their pockets, and
more consumer goods in their
homes than ever before.
The country Is one of the great
trading nations of the world. Its
external trade is greater than
any Western Hemisphere nation,
except the United States and
Canada. Its import-export turn
over exceeds that of such highly
developed nations as Denmark,
Norway, Finland, Austria and
Switzerland.
The cities of tne repuhlic are
as modern and impressive as any
of comparable size in the united
Stales. Johannesburg, the richest
and biggest of them all, has be
come a skyscraper metropolis of
almost 1.25 million population in
less lhan 80 years.
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