PAGE -A
HERALD
fcdikfdaL (paqsL
The Delusion Of De
French President Charles de Gaulie's
Western allies have gone through several
cycles in their relationship with him. It is
clear they have now entered another one.
In World War II he was first greatly ad
mired for his foresightcd military judgments
and then nearly despised for his ramrod stiff
ness as a leader in exile who often hamstrung
his more powerful confederates in America
and Britain.
; They gave him new regard when he be
came France's first postwar leader. They
Knew he alone could restore some semblance
of order to a torn nation. But when the French
cast him aside, statesmen in friendly coun
tries took it as fresh proof De Gaulle was un
suited to politics. There were few regrets.
Out of retirement he came, in 1958, once
more to lead a badly disrupted country. To
Western men who feared for France's future
as a free land, his coming was a marvel of
resurrection.
All the qualities previously scorned were
now hailed as just what France needed. There
seems little reason to doubt the soundness of
this view. De Gaulle pulled his people togeth
er, ended the draining Algerian strife, set his
country on a highly prosperous course.
Yet the same delusions of French gran
deur which marred his wartime ties with
Churchill and Roosevelt showed themselves
anew in this otherwise remarkable second
De Gaulle regime.
Flouting reality, he talks of separate de
HOLMES
By HOLMES ALEXANDER
WASHINGTON, D.C. - By the
1960s tlio Negro race, or Its
spokesmen, could see that an op
portunity presented itself for the
establishment of something
which the world had never seen
a major Negro civilization.
All over Africa, Hie Negro
homeland, small republics had
sprung from the ruins of the old
imperialism. The old imperialists
themselves were rushing in Willi
technical and financial assist
ance, partly from smitten con
sciences, partly from the self
interest of profits and peace. .
These Negro republics often
verged upon personal dictator- .
ship, but at least they were sov
ereign. The opportunity was there
for progress, cither as individual
states in a Common Market or
within a federal contract.
The requirements for success,
however, were rugged. Great nat
ural wealth, a traditional place
and climate, the goodwill of the
rest of the world were not suffi
cient. Required in the building
By SYDNEY J. HARIUS
In a periodical called "Hogg's
Weekly Instructor," published in
Edinburgh. Scotland, one of the
issues in March 1845, contained
an article on "Steam lis Influ
ence on Society."
Reflecting the widespread view
held at the time of the introduc
tion of steam power, the article
proclaimed!
"It Is not difficult to sec how
railroads and steam navigation
will promote the , peace of the
world. Sovereigns w ill avail them
selves of it. as well as the peo
ple. Hie rulers and ruled of dif
ferent niitions will meet face to
fHce; and instead of believing, as
hitherto, that they arc natural
enemies, they will soon discover
that they are sworn friends. But
for steam, it is not likely these
visits would be made!
"But there is another way," the
article continued, "in which sleam
power will promote peace. We
know that the more destructive
the weapons of warfare, tlio less
likely will the nations be to pro
claim war, and the more speedi
ly will their disputes be settled
when they do. Consider the
changes necessarily produd in
tlio art of war by the isc of
steam-ships! Think of their facul
ty of access to any shore! Think
of their fearful accuracy of aim
and their destructive power, and
we . Khali havo fewer national
quarrels. . . ."
This is the illusion that has,
falsely, nourished mankind since
the Invention of the catapult and
i'L, 5C V V
AND NEWS, Klamath Falls. Oregon
fense for France in a nuclear war. In truth,
America's power is his bniy shield.
In the face of the strongest assurances
of aid America has given any land in peace
time, he professes doubt that we would come
swiftly to France's side in every conceivable
future war emergency.
The basis for his doubt is false. He cites
our "slowness" in entering each of the two
world wars.
But on those occasions we had no com
mitments to help France or anyone else. We
were an isolationist nation, in contrast to to
day, when we are enmeshed in countless
military and diplomatic entanglements
around the globe. We now have more soldiers
in Europe than we had in our whole army
before World War II.
Furthermore, if slowness is the issue,
France itself stands convicted of painful in
action even after it was in World War II. A
France that was not helping itself carries little
weight as a complainant today.
France in 1963 is not a great poyver, nor
is it ever likely to be so again. It is a highly
prized element in the valiant free world fam
ily. But its future safety and well being are
entirely bound up with fortunes of all the
other important members of that family.
De Gaulle's efforts to deny this bond have
gone too far. He needs his friends more than
they need him. He has dreamed long enough.
It is time he looked the harsh facts of modern
nuclear life straight in the face. They do not
favor the course he now pursues.
ALEXANDER
Success Must Be Earned
of all racial civilizations, as
shown from ancient Egypt and
contemporary Israel, were such
qualities as industriousncss and
inventiveness. Whether these
would bo forthcoming In Africa
was slill In doubt when the drive
for Negro identity look a differ
ent turn.
It was a turn related to opior
tunism within the Cold War. Such
was the fear of nuclear holocaust
in Europe and America that, for
the most part, political move
ments and decisions ceased to he
primarily based ' upon domestic
matters. They became largely
based upon a foreign policy to
preserve the peace. ,
In the USA it was deemed ex
traordinarily important to be super-sensitive
to foreign opinion.
Since the concensus of the UN
was pro-Negro, the government
of the USA swung, its policies
more markedly pro-Negro than
the domestic Negro minority
would seem to warrant. Added to
this factor was the undoubted
one of the American conscience.
STRICTLY
PERSONAL
the long-bow. Each new military
device, each new instrument of
destruction, has been hailed as
an end to future wars. The
devastation would be "too terrible
to contemplate." and nations
would be forced to make peace
In the future.
Such voices are still strong
among us today. Yet everything
in history proves them wrong.
In the century following the hymn
to steam in 1M5. the world expe
rienced its most horrible conflicts,
generation alter generation. The
weapons became more wicked,
and the casualties more wide
spread. Air power only added a
new dimension to mass murder.
There is no record of a nation
piling up arms and not using
them; indeed, the very existence
of amis acts as an incentive to
hostile action. The physical fear
of retaliation by enemies with
equally formidable arms has nev
er been a deterrent for very lung.
To say that armaments "prevent"
conflict is to say that germs
prevent disease.
Toward the end of his life.
Napoleon himself admitted that
"Tho more I study the world,
the mote ! am convinced of the
Inability of brute force to create
anything durable." Mural power is
the only force tli.it can prevent
war, not physical power. Ttie pro
found appeal of a man like Pope
John XXI II is worth more than
a hundred divisions of fighting
men If wo but permit his wis
dom and compassion to awaken
our stunned consciences.
Wednesday, July la, 1963
Gaulle
The USA had never been able to
square its humane idealism with
the practice of racial segrega
tion in the North as well as the
South. Together, these factors
the matter of conscience f a r
more to the credit of the Ameri
can people than the fear of H
bombs did, nevertheless, give a
target of opportunity to the Ne
gro movement for self-assertion.
Instead of the slow, laborious con
struction of an African politico
economic nationalism, there was
presented the lure of revolution
ary action in the United Stales
in effect, the capture of a polit
ical balance of power by which
to demand, through threat and vi
olence, concessions that amount
ed to a partial transfer of power
and public wealth.
But the Negro revolution in
America, much like the Negro
evolution in Africa, was not as
assured as it superficially seemed.
President Kennedy, while urging
removal in American life of all
racial discrimination, said that it
would do the Negro little good
lo be able to eat at an integrated
restaurant without the money to
pay for it. Attorney General Ken
nedy, the President's brother,
told the Commerce Committee
that in the Northern city of Chi
cago there were three times as
many Negroes out of work as
there were whites.
Not all of this poverty could be
the result of discrimination. Not
the whole of the Negro's jobless
ness could be blamed on preju
dice. School drop-outs among Ne
groes, their high crime rates,
their provalance on the charity
and relief rolls, seemed lo sug
gest that mere attainment of
"rights" would not equalize the
races in education, earning pow
er and good citizenship Tho very
same qualities needed by the Ne
gro in Africa industriousncss and
inventiveness appeared to be
needed ill America. '
As it happened, the American
statesman who put his finger on
tlie verities, and expressed them
best, was. a Liberal Democratic
Senator, a co-sponsor of the civil
rights package, a former state
governor and cabinet officer.
He was Hiliicoff of Connecticut.
He told the Senate that his own
political success, although of a
Jewish minority, and President
Kennedy's success, although of a
Catholic minority, were primari
ly based upon education and
proved lilncss ill the struggle of
lite. He warned Negroes, and
their radical leaders, against hop
ing to better their lot without,
deserving it by hard work.
"Denying a man a job because
lie is a Negro is indefensible.
Granting him a job if he is not
qualified . . . can't lie justified
cither . . . only after a person
participates, proves his merit, will
lie be accepted. . . ."
This was the unresolved sana
tion of the Aw, as tlio Negro,
in Africa and America, made his
bid for a civilization to call his
own.
"Now Here's
:'. itt
' Si '
IN WASHINGTON
By RALPH de TOLEDANO
Steady pressure is being ex
erted on Congress to "reorganize"
its "antique" procedures. That
this clamor comes from the Lib
eral press and has been taken
up in the Senate by left-of-center
legislators has raised the suspi
cion that more than a streamlin
ing of the Congressional machin
ery is involved. And this has
caused some Senators and Rep
resentatives who would support
reorganization to oppose the re
cent bill introduced by Senators
Clifford Case (R.-N.J.) and Jo
seph Clark (D.-Pa.l.
Both men are among those who
would deprive the Senate of its
right to unlimited debate. Senator
Clark thinks the Congress is a
drag .on the nation and he has
LETTERS
TO THE
EDITOR
Support
My husband and I recently saw
"Light Up the Sky" written by
Moss Hart and put on by the
Klamath Players. We want ev
eryone to know how excellent we
felt it was. We thought it was of
"big-city" calibre extremely well
cast and well acted.
Our big regret is that so few
Klamath Falls citizens turned out
for the production perhaps a to
tal of a 150 for four performances.
People arc not only missing fine
and well-done plays by not at
tending they are discouraging
many talented and very hard
working people. If the Players
can't make enough money lo cov
er expenses, they will not have
access to good plays and the
whole venture will fail.
If you will come to one per
formance of the Klamath Play
ers, we feel sure you will be a
continued supporter of this group,
and by so doing will improve
the cultural climate of Klamath
County.
Winifred F'avell
1201 Eldorado
Al
manac
II v tailed Press International
Today is Wednesday, July 10.
the 19lst day of 11163 with 174 to
follow.
The moon is approaching its
last quarter.
The morning stars are Venus,
Jupiter and Saturn.
The evening star is Mars.
tin this day in history:
In I8!K), Wyoming was admitted
lo the Union as tlie Nth slate.
In 1908, William Jennings Bry
an was nominated by the Demo
crats as' their presidential candi
date for the third lime.
In Kmt), Russia shut down a
United States plane in the Soviet
Arctic.
In I'.Ki'J. the Telstar satellite re
layed television pictures Irom the
United States to Europe, and
America received clear pictures
back from Britain and Fiance.
A thought lor tlie day Presi
dent Abraham Lincoln said:
"Towering genius disdains a beat
en path. It seeks regions hitheilo
unexplored."
One That REALLY
Congress In Low Gear
said so. His argument now that
Congress must mend its ways or
lose prestige can be ignored since
he is one of those who has la
bored most mightily to tarnii.n
the national legislature's image.
There is no doubt that those
who stridently urge a revision of
Congressional procedures are also
those' who want some sort of rubber-stamp
system which would
expedite the passage of Adminis
tration measures. Such reorgani
zation would ease the burden of
work and shorten the sessions,
true. But it would mean an abdi
cation by Congress of its Consti
tutional rights and powers.
To a degree, this is the motiva
tion of the publicists who are be
wailing the fate of a Congress
which insists that it must debate
any question to its satisfaction
before it gives approval. But it
is nevertheless a fact that Con
gress has bogged down, that
something must be done about it.
Why has Congress remained in
low gear? And what can be
done to speed up its deliberations
without imperiling the balance
between the three co-equal branch
es of government?
Sen. Kenneth B. Keating
iR.-N.Y.) points out that the ini
tiative "in determining national
policy has shifted decisively to the
Executive Department and to
some extent to the Supreme
Court." But this, he adds, "is
nut simply the result, as some
contend, of a desire on the part
of strong chief executives and
chief justices to assume great
power. In major respects Con
gress must bear the blame."
To some extent this is true. But
tlie blame lies to a great meas
ure with the preponderant ma
jorities held by one party. The'
Republicans have controlled the
Congress for but two sessions
since 1932. As a result, they must
resort to temporary coalitions and
exploit every loophole and quali
fying provision in the rule book
, to delay legislation. The delays
are not willful but merely a way
of keeping opposition alive until
the public has a chance to make
its wishes and opinions felt.
Far more important than this
is the fact that such matters as
defense and the budget have got
ten to be so complex that only
experts can reduce them to the
"At toon it ut gtl tbt
Packs a Punch!'
kind of debating terms which
make sense. Unfortunately, the
Democratic majority hires a com
mittee staff. With very few ex
ceptions, this staff is committed
to the majority, viewpoint. The
opposition is tossed a few staff
jobs, but not enough lo give Re
publican members of key commit
tees the -kind of minority staff
work they need to make decisions.
At times they must learn the ins
and outs of a particular bill only
through the process of debate.
It would not require a special
commission to remedy this situ
ation. The matter of , minority
staff can be decided by Speaker
John McCormack ID-Mass.) in
the House and Majority Leader
Mike Mansfield (D.-Mont.) in the
Senate. Committee chairmen
, could allow larger minority staffs.
This would mean that much of
the haggling that goes on in com
mittee and on the floor by legis
lators with impossible calls on
their time would be done by staff
people on the various commit
'tecs. At least in documented ma
jority and minority staff reports,
the battle lines would be drawn.
This, and some minor changes
not requiring the task force stu
dy suggested by some, would help
speed up legislation. But it the
democratic system is to be main
tained, no amount of streamlin
ing will help. Congress repre
sents the people directly, and
they have a right to petition for
tlie redress of grievances. They
have an equally important right
to inform their Senators and
Representatives of their views on
important legislation. The amount
of time members of Congress
spend in reading and answering
the mail of constituents is tre
mendousand this is as it should
be.
There is another factor in Con
gressional torpor. When the mem
bers are faced with legislation
they do not like but which is be
ing rammed down their throats,
they stall. That's their only pro
test. If a joint Senate-House com
mittee on the economy had been
win king for the past years on tax
reform, the Congress would now
have an alternative to the Presi
dent's proposals. Today it can
only paw over them in the hope
that people will forget they were
ever there.
bomb, u ran knock off
EPSON IM WASHIN6TQN . . . v.'""'
Crises, Challenges
Will Be Steady Diet
By PETER EDSON
Washington Correspondent
Newspaper Enterprise Assn.
WASHINGTON NEA) - The
next six months may be as fate
ful as any half-year since the
end of World War If. Develop
ments now coming to a head are
important to the United Slates in
ternationally and on the domestic
front as well.
Moscow talks between Russian
and Red Chinese leaders may set
the course for the future of com
munism. A widening split be
tween the two tamps, which now
seems likely, greatly alters the
international balance of power in
Asia.
The most immediate result
might be a decision on the re
sumption of Red China's attack
on India later this year. Finally
aroused to the Communist men
ace, India is now said to see that
the real threat from Red China
is its advance through Burma and
Indochina into the Malay penin
sula. The threat of further Commu
nist penetration into Southeast
Asia has been increased by Brit
ish failure to persuade the Rus
sians to help stop the fighting in
Laos. Pakistan's foolish flirtations
with Red China as an ally that ,
might help against India further
heighten the prospect for trouble
in South Asia.
After the Russia-Red China
talks in Moscow come American-British-Russian
negotiations on a
nuclear test ban. The outcome
will indicate whether the threat
of nuclear warfare becomes more
acute or is eased. If the latter,
there may be some hope for
eventual progress toward dis
armament. President Kennedy's trip to Eu
rope is being hailed as a great
personal triumph, making clear
America's continued support for
Europe. But the extent to which
the mission advanced American
objectives for a strengthened
North Atlantic Treaty Organiza
tion is still uncertain.
WASHINGTON
Republicans Given
Chance For Senate
By KL'LTOX LEWIS JR.
Because hope springs eternal
in the human breast, crotchety,
74-ycar-old Steve Young will pack
his bags one day soon and pay a
visit to the good folks of San
dusky, Ohio.
Gale William McGee will walk
dow n Main Street 'in Green Riv-
or, Wyo., and shake hands with
"friends" he has not seen for
five years.
And Frank Moss will sample
(he fried chicken in Ameiican
Fork, Utah, and exchange small
talk with Uiose constituents he
has neglected in recent years.
Each member of that trio is
out lo accomplish what experts
say can't be done: win his re
election to the U.S. Senate. The
three, freshman Democrats elect
ed in 1058, arc considered politi
cal accidents.
They are included on a list of
10 Democrats Unit Republican
strategists (eel can be retired
one year hence. Twenty five Sen
ate seats now held by Demo
crats are up for grabs while
only nine Republicans must seek
reelection.
Sen. Tliriiston Morton, chair
man of the Senate GOP Campaign
Committee, feels that his party
can pick up six, and possibly 10.
Democratic seats. His Democrat
counterpart, Warren Magnuson,
agrees the following seats now
held by his party will be "aw
fully lough" to keep:
Ohio: An old war horse named
Steve Young rode a Democratic
tide to victory in the most sur
prising race of 1938. A one-time
Congressman, Young does n o t
yet know who his GOP opponent
will be.
It makes little difference. Who
ever he is Bob Taft or Bill Ayres
or Ollie Bolton or John Bricker
the outcome seems predeter
mined. Steve Young can return
lo private practice.
Wyoming: A curly-haired pro
fessor named Gale McGee won
Senate election in 11153, thanks
largely to a last-minute, state
wide smear campaign waged
against Republican incumbent
Frank Barrett.
McGee has returned home this
year to campaign at a feverish
pace but his elforts will likely
be in vain. Republicans have won
virtually every Wyoming election
since 158 and McGee's likely
opponent is Congrcssman-at-Large
William Henry Harrison who won
reelection last (all by the largest
majority in state histnrv.
LUih: Salt Lake City's Frank
Moss won his place in the sun
and tlie Senate w ith 38 per cent
of the vole in 1958. Two Republi
cans split the remaining 62 per
cent down the middle.
He will have no such luck in
I'M The Republican candidate
has not yet been picked although
Tlie proposed NATO multilateral
nuclear force, armed with Polar,
is missiles, has been temporarily
shelved. It may never come intq
being as long as tlie opposition
of French President Charles de
Gaulle continues.
British and Italian governments
are weak and may fall. The Ger
man government will change this
autumn with the retirement of
Chancellor Konrad Adenauer. The
Netherlands faces elections. Sta
bility in Europe is questionable.
The failure of Europe to unite
in a common market or for mean
ingful trade and tariff negotia
tions with the United States weak
ens the whole Atlantic alliance at
a time when it needs to show
strength against the Communist
front. The possibility that tlie
Russians may revive the Berlin
crisis at any time is a constant
threat.
The Near East. Africa and Lat
in America are in a ferment of
development, still unsure they
can govern themselves as democ
racies. Argentina, with election.
July 7, is battling against a
revival of Peronism. Brazil, Ven
ezuela and British Guiana are
prime targets for Communist in
filtration, some of it exported
from Cuba.
The continued presence of Rus
sian troops in Cuba remains the
most serious irritation to the
United Slates. The State Depart
ment now maintains there are
not enough Russian combat
troops left in Cuba to put down
a Hungarian-type uprising.
If these Russian troops should
start shooting Cubans, the United
States has made clear lo Uie So
viets there will be American in
tervention. A showdown this year
is not ruled out.
Six months from now there will
be a clearer picture on how many
of these problems have worked
out. Depending on whether they
are Kennedy administration Vic
tories or defeats, their effects on
Hie American presidential and
congressional elections in 19fi4
will be great.
REPORT
Congressman Sherman Lloyd is
frequently mcnlioncd.
Others under consideration in
clude Gov. George Clyde; Dr.
Ernest Wilkinson, president o'.
Brigham Young University; and
Salt Lake City Mayor J. Brack
en Lee,
Indiana: Bespectacled Vance
Hartke came to the U.S. Senate
after a strife-lorn, scandal-racked
Republican Party handed h i m
victory on a silver platter.
A revitalized GOP now makes
Hartke a -decided underdog with
several attractive candidates rea
dy to take him on. The strong
est possibility is probably Indian
apolis Congressman Don Bruce
although colleagues Bill Bray,
Richard Roudebush and R o s ?
Adair are pushed in certain quar
ters. Texas: Ultra-liberal Ralph Yar
borough will face primary oppo
sition before Republicans can get
at him. His reelection chances
will be considerably lessened if
Barry Goldwater is the GOP Presi
dential nominee. Possible GOP
candidates include Congressmen'
Ed Foreman and Bruce Alger,
Dallas trucker Des Barry and
Jack Cox, who ran a strong but
losing race for the governorship
last November.
Goldwaler's presence at t h e
head of a GOP ticket would
greatly enhance GOP opportuni
ties throughout the South. Party
strategists insist they can cap
ture the Oklahoma seat lield by
self-appointed J. Howard Ed
mondson if Goldwater is the nom
inee. They say Republicans could
win Senate scats in Florida, Mis
sissippi and Virginia if a con
servative is the parly's standard
bearer.
THEY
SAY...
Peace and "war will be deter
mined by the outcome of (lie raco
between population and resources.
II. H. Sen, l'.. Food and Ag
riculture Organization director
general.
Worid peace, like community
peace, docs not require that each
man love his neighbor, ill re
quires only i that they live togeth
er with mutual tolerance, sub
mitting their disputes to just and
peacclul settlement.
President Kennedy.
If I'm pot in tlie position where
I have to take it (presidential
nomination'. I won't be a 'reluc
tant tiger. I'll get out and fight.
Republican Sen. Barry Gold-waler.