PAGE, t
1IKRALD AND NEWS, Klamath Falls, Oregon
Friday, Juna 38, 19M
.THE GLOBAL VIEW.
fcdikrdaL (paqsL
Wastebasket Materia
': As a group this country's newspapers try
very hard to present the news in good balance.
Generally they are credited with airing all
sides of important issues.
Yet in this age of rising clamor from ex
tremists, many conscientious and conservative
journals find themselves under attack.
Schools, colleges and other disseminators of
information also fall under this attack.
t;: Invariably the complaint is: "They don't
present OUR side."
', Now, to the listener who did not know
what the extremists' stock in trade is, this
complaint might have the ring of plausibility.
; ' But a very great deal of what passes for
"solid information" among the ultras is a
tapestry of untruth, distortion and imagina
tion. Except as an oddity representing this
kind of thinking, no newspaper could print
such stuff without abandoning its standards of
reliability and opening itself to charges of
slander and libel.
No school or college could teach such
things except, again, as curious examples of
a phenomenon of the times.
For example, no self-respecting purveyor
of information would assert that a high Rus
sian officer commands a U.N. world police
force. There is no such force.
Nor that foreign troops are training in
the American South in preparation for con
quest of this nation.
These are the fancies of the far right.
The far left deals in equally sinister delusions.
Conscientious Americans have enough to
do trying to fathom the difficult issues of the
age without wasting their mental energies on
fabrications and foolishness.
That is why the responsible press gives
them their proper place the wastebasket.
New Idea On Education
(Tha Bulletin, Bend)
One of the hardest-working groups in
the Oregon legislature is the education sub
committee of the joint committee on Ways
and Means. Ways and Means must decide the
amount of state government spending for the
next couple of years. The sub-committee works
on the largest single classification of state
expenditures.
During this session, and for the previous
three, one of the hardest-working members
of the sub-committee has been Rep. Stafford
Hansell of Umatilla County. Hansell is a large
scale hog farmer at Ordinance, near Hcrmis
ton, when he isn't legislating. A political and
financial conservative, Hansell is intelligent,
articulate, and blunt. But even those who
dftcn vote against hirn rate him as one of the
most valuable members of the legislature.
Hansell works hard at his jpb, as noted
before. He has made a real study of education
at all levels not from the standpoint of
teaching methods, etc., but from the viewpoint
of the state's responsibility, and how to best
go about financing and carrying out that re
sponsibility. 1 His views have not been universally pop
ular. Even In his home county. He and Bud
Forrester, editor of the East Oregonan at
Pendleton, have clashed a number of times
on education matters, as is perhaps inevi
table when two dedicated persons, each
strong minded, take different views on the
same subject.
Hansell realizes full well the Ways and
Means group of which he is a member is
not just planning the needs of education for
the coming two years. H must, and it has,
study the pattern education is going to take
in other years still ahead.
. He, along with the other members of the
sub-committee, has arrived at some pretty
baste conclusions. Hansell discussed these
te other day in an appearance before the
Hendlcton Chamber of Commerce. His views
on the form higher education should take in
Oregon agree pretty closely with those we
have held and have advocated before the
legislature for a number of years.
But, let Bud Forrester tell the story,
as he told it in the East Oregonian:
Mr. Hansell tlien revealed aome more (if Hie
thinking lie has been doing in this immense problem.
He has been searching for the least expensive way of
educating tlie vast numbers of Oregon high school
graduates who will want college training and he sug
gest that he may have found It in a plan that is
commonly known as the California plan.
Ry adopting this plan Mr. Hansell would limit
enrollments at University of Oregon and Oregon State
University to approximately 12,000 each and he would
have those institutions concentrate on upper division
junior and senior years' and graduate education and
research. Lower division (freshmen and sophomore'
students at those schools would come from the upper
levels of their high school graduating classes.
He would not place any enrollment limitation on
Portland State College. This, he said, is because it
is not necessary to provide housing for students
at that institution. Beyond what Portland State is of
fering now he would permit it to offer the fifth year
of teacher education.
He would permit enrollment at Eastern Oregon
College (La Grande', Southern Oregon College (Ash
land), and Oregon College of Education (Monmouth),
to go to 7,000 each.
He would not alter the programs at three other in
stitutions in the state system of higher education where
special education is given University of Oregon Med
ical and Dental schools and Oregon Technical Institute
at Klamath Falls.
He would concentrate on the community college
program bringing more students to those institutions
and upgrading the formal education courses in them.
He would want to be sure that a student could get
freshman and sophomore courses there that were com
parable in quality to those he would get at a four
year institution in order that he would be well prepared
lo transfer to a four-year school in the junior year.
He would not permit any community college to ex
pand its curricula beyond two years.
He would operate all institutions on a 12-month
schedule. He did not spell out the particulars of this
but we assume he would have college registrars de
cide which three terms a student could attend school
so that enrollment could be balanced off equally over
the four terms. Very few students could attend col
lege through all of the year because most students
need three months off to earn enough money to pay
for their educations.
Mr. Hansell emphasized that he would do all
possible to avoid duplication in the curriculum of
ferings of the state-supported schools. We assume that
he was saying that he would hold curriculum in the
future to about what it is now at the various institu
tions. This would require those who wanted olher than
a general education or preparation for teaching to
attend Oregon or Oregon State for their junior and
senior years of education.
Mr. Hansell's plan has been discussed many times
in recent years by members of the state Board of
Higher Education. We are sure that it has been dis
cussed by governing boards in many states because it,
the California plan, is in many respects an ideal plan.
When it was first discussed by members of the
Oregon Board of Higher Education there was only one
community college in the slate (at Bend' and there
was not much talk about a widespread community
college program. The board was then talking about
having the regional colleges at La Grande, Ashland and
Monmouth lake on much larger lower division stu
dent loads in order lo convert Oregon and Oregon
Stale to Uie roles assigned to them under the Cali
fornia plan. The coming of the community colleges has
changed the picture only in that it has broadened the
lower division education base.
The Hoard of Higher Education has for some
time seen the distinct possibility that this plan Is coming
to Oregon but has not set a possible target date for it.
One of the problems the board must confront when it
sets a time schedule for adopting this plan is to es
tablish enrollment ceilings at Oregon and Oregon Slate.
Perhaps the Legislature, now that Itep. Hansell
has opened discussion of the subject, will want to sug
gest a target date, alter taking into consideration all
of the factors that must be weighed, such as place
ment ol students currently in the institutions, use of
existing classrooms and laboratories, enrollment pro
jections up to 1970, etc. Tlie Board of Higher Education
will, we are sure, welcome the thinking of the Legis
lator on this very important subject.
BERRY'S mm
Al
manac
"Wttt, tbrrt ion tb eU ttve-uttk vacation!"
fly United Press International
Today is Friday, June 28. the
IVMh day of l with 186 to
follow.
The moon is in its first quarter.
The morning stars are Venus,
Jupiter and Saturn.
Tlie evening star is Mars.
Those born today include Amer
ican composer Richard Rodgers,
in iota.
On this day in history:
In 1!W2. 'the United Stales
bought the uncompleted Panama
Canal from France.
In wit, the spark that fired
World War I was ignited when a
Serbian fanatic assassinated the
archduke of Austria-Hungary.
In I'll!), tlie Treaty of' Ver
sailles was signed in France,
ending World War I.
In I94S. Gen. Douglas MacArthur
announced the reconquest o( Lu
ion in the Philippines.
A thouclit for the day-French
pool. Charles Baudelaire wrote.
"To be a gre.it man and a saint
for oneself, that is the one im
portant thing."
World Communist Lineup Worry To Khrushchev
By LKON DENNEN
UNITED NATIONS, New York
(NEA) Even the feat of Rus
sia's spacewoman cannot obscure
Nikita Khrushchev's troubles as
he girds for the July 5 meeting
with the Red Chinese.
The Soviet Premier is still in
control of the Kremlin and fight
ing doggedly to stay at the helm.
But according to East European
representatives at the U.N., he
is facing a mounting array of
problems which is playing into the
hands of his bitter enemy, Mao
Tse-tung. Tliey see his efforts
to muzzle Russia's restive writ
ers and artists as only a symp
tom of a bigger political crisis
in Moscow.
The violence of Red China's
latest propaganda campaign
against Kurushchev is seen as
further proof that Mao no longer
believes in a reconciliation with
the Soviet premier. In the view
of the East European diplomats,
the Chinese leader is actually lay
ing the foundation of a new Red
International with headquarters
in Peking.
The Chinese do not expect that
any agreement will be reached at
their July meeting with the Rus
sians. They are playing for the
support of revolutionary-minded
Communists everywhere against
the Khrushchev leadership.
Albania's newspaper, Zcri i Pop
ulil, which is frequently used by
Mao as a sounding board, even
hinted in a recent editorial that
the Soviet premier must step
down before there can be peace
ful coexistence in the Red world.
Peking's chief envoy to the
Moscow conference, Ten Hsiao
ping, is a tough veteran of the
Chinese-Soviet dispute over the
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A NEW RED WORLD?: Newsmap locales nations In which Communist parties might be openly or quietly sympathetic
to a realigned Communist International with a Peking axis.
"correct" interpretation of Marxist-Leninist
doctrine. He made it
clear in conversations with dip
lomats from behind the Iron
Curtain that his aim is to con
vince "rightminded comrades"
that Khrushchev is as dangerous
a "revisionist" as Yugoslavia's
President Tito.
Who are the right-minded com
rades wliom the Chinese hope to
convince mat the Soviet premier
has betrayed the Marxist-Leninist
cause? They are to be found, in
the first place, among the top
Reds of Asia, Africa and Lat
in America who are increasingly
backing China against Russia.
In preparation for the Moscow
meeting, Chinese propaganda now
paints Russia as a white nation
which, like imperialist America,
has little sympathy for the col
ored people. Peking's propagan
dists claim that China shares with
the undeveloped nations not only
a common hatred of colonialism
but also a common predicament of
color.
Even Russia's East European
satellites are restive. They are
increasingly irked by Moscow's at
tempt to muzzle their economic,
political and cultural life.
Romania, generally regarded as
one of Russia's most servile satel
lites, is a typical example. The
Romanians just signed an agree
ment with Red China that calls
lor an increase ol 10 per cent
-And Then Suppose It Is Just Green Cheese
' ft00" . M Vv.
HI"' A n
I Pi f
EDSON IN WASHINGTON . . .
Race Problem Long-Term
By PETER F.DSON
Washington Correspondent
Newspaper Enterprise Assn.
WASHINGTON (NEA) - Any
idea that American race relations
can be solved now immediate
ly is considered an impossibil
ity. President Kennedy's speech
to the Conference of Mayors in
Honolulu, telling them it was pri
marily their job. won't do il.
Tlie President's 15-minute cocktail-hour
dial to the nation won't
do il. Tlie President's message to
Congress and whatever legisla
tion may be passed as a result
won't do it. by itself.
Although the United States has
had this problem for over cen
tury, H may still take several
generations of painful, patient
work belore racial intolerance
the root of the trouble can
be eradicated.
W hat is tliorelore considered a
principal need Is for someone to
come op with a long-range plan.
It might set forth what should
should and can be done at the
end of S. 10. 20 years, or longer.
For il is recognizes! that
overnight 20 million people can't
be educated, and trained, tor
belter jobs so that they can ray
lor better housing and enjoy a
higher standard of living this
will Uikc one generation al least.
Overcoming agc-okf prejudices,
intolerance, racial, religious and
cultural tensions will take cou
ple of generations more. For this
is a major problem in human re
lations education for everyone.
There aren't many experts in
this field. One who qualifies as
an authority is Dr. Alfred J.
Marrow, 195(1-60 Chairman of
New York's Commission on In
tcrgroup Relations, COIR. He
has just been given the l3
Brotherhood Award of the Na
lional Conference ol Christians
and Jews at the American Book
sellers convention in Washington
for his big. now book, "Chang
ing Patterns in Prejudice."
Changing prejudices, he says, is
a long-time job
How to go about if Marrow
thinks there are some things that
can he done by law now. When
former President Tniman or
dered complete integration of Uie
United stales armed services,
that was done overnight because
it could be enforced by military
courts martial. Ending scsresa
Uon on Pullman cars, in railroad,
bus ami air terminals could be
done in a relatively short time
under the Constitution's interstate
commerce clause.
Similarly Americans of any
race or color might, by law. be
given the right to attend any pub
lic institution, be given equal
service in places of public accom
modation, be assured the right
ol access to decent housing, and
guaranteed the right to vote in
federal elections.
Negro citizens miglit not use
all these rights even if they were
granted them by better laws,
Marrow believes. That has been
tlie experience in New York and
other cities tliat have taken the
lead in trying lo break down ra
cial barriers.
The mere fact people know
they have these rights and can
exercise them makes Uiem better
citizens, Marrow has found. Peo
ple still preicr to live among
their own kind, if they can live
tliere in sell-ropect.
Marrow suggests creation of a
Federal Bureau of Intorgroup
Relations not to try to impose
integration, but to conduct re
search on its problems and to
pi ov ide a place w here local com
munities can go lor help if tliey
need it.
He puts more reliance on com
munity action by local leaders
as the most satisfactory method
lor handling interracial and in
torrrligious tensions.
"II a number of neighbors can
mil their energies and talents."
he has found, "their influence is
most salutary. Ncigliborhoods
cm set up block committees that
can assemble information no ol
licial inquiry could ever gath
er .. .
'Such self-directed socud ac
tion is apt to lead fnrmei ly scp-
in their volume of trade. Mao's
press has given prominence
to hints in the Romanian press of
differences with Moscow on eco
nomic planning.
Russia's efforts to control the
satellites' economics have also
caused resentment in Poland, a
country with vast agricultural sur
pluses. Poland's survival depends
on trade with, tlie West and the
European Common Market.
However, it is, the inlluence of
the mighty Soviet military ma
chine which, in the view of the
East European diplomats, is be
hind Premier Khrushchev's twists
of "softness" and toughness to
ward the West.
For tlie first time since Stalin
died, Uie Red Army once merely
an arm of tlie Communist Party-
is emerging as an independent po
litical force.
More than 10 per cent of the
Communist party's powerful Cen
tral Committee now consists of
senior army officers. The recent
appointment of Gen. Dimitry Usti
nov, a leading light of Russia's
military establishment, as chair
man of the Supreme Economic
Council further underlines the
growing role of the armed forces
in Soviet affairs. The general, 55,
was also given the high political
post of first deputy premier, which
he shares with such luminaries
as Anastas Miyokan and Alexei
Kosygin.
Those are obviously the "right
minded comrades" whose backing
Mao Tse-tung seeks in his effort
to overthrow Premier Khrushchev.
STRICTLY
PERSONAL
By SYDNEY J. HARRIS
I am in receipt of a letter
from a ladies' club in Kansas,
which runs as follows:
"Dear Mr. Harris: We arc a
philanthropic group, and would
like you to speak at our fall
banquet. Unfortunately, we can
not pay a fee, since our funds are
allocated for various children's
charities. Sincerely . . ."
My reply, as always, was
prompt, courteous, and H hope'
definitive:
"Dear Madam: Thank you for
the kind invitation to address the
fall banquet of your worthy
group. I am delighted to learn
that your funds are allocated for
various children's charities, and
I should like to take this oppor
tunity to tell you about the Har
ris Foundation.
"The full name of this enter
prise, which is wholly non-prnlil.
is the Carolyn. Michael, Bar
bara, David and Lindsay Harris
Foundation (or Deserving Chil
dren. It oierales at a stagger
ing annual deficit.
"Any funds, contributed to this
project are allocated 100 per cent
to tlie children themselves, with
no costs deducted or overhead,
promotion, publicity, mail
ings, balls, banquets or bazaars.
"The funds go directly for the
following purjKiscs: college and
school tuitions, orthodontist's
fees, medical hills, clothing,
shoes, chemistry sets, rockino
horses. Raggedy Ann dolls, and
bicycles.
"In addition, a small but con
stant sum is set away monthly
for future contingencies, such as
measles, birthday parties, falls
from trees, small rings, tropical
fish collections, broken windows,
lost gloves 1 192 pair since 1H55
alone, as you can see (rom the
attached statement of operat
ing expenses for the last decade,
included in the annual report ',
and allowances, which grow in
geometrical proportion while the
children grow only in arithmeti
cal proportion.
"Our books have been audited
and verified by the U.S. Collector
of Internal Revenue. District n(
Northern Illinois who. however,
has persistently relused to let
the Foundation lie incorporated
not-for-profit under state or na
tional laws. I am currently en
gaged in taking this case to the
highest court in the land, and
have hired for this purpose an
attorney with eleven children n(
his own.
"As you can see. the Harris
Foundation is unique among all
the groups to whkh you have
been contributing, in that not one
penny is diverted to pay the ex
penses of the administrator, who
happens to be a newspaper cn!-
aratc groups into meaningful con
tact with one another from the
start. Tlie more diverse the pco
p who are drawn in 'dis
senters' and special interest
groups' particularly the sooner
oid. riiiKl modes of thinking will
be replaced w ith fresh ideas The
participants will he discovering
tlicir world as it is. instead of as
tliev imagined it to Le "
umnist of the utmost probity,
frugality, and self-sacrificing to
the point of saintliness. His name
will be sent upon request, if ac
companied by a stamped, self
addressed envelope.
"Thanking you again for your
inquiry. I remain very truly
yours. Sydney J. Harris."
Other
Editors Say . . . '
Education
Paradox
(Burlington, Vt. Free-Press)
The "need" for a vastly ex
panding federal role in American
education was stated eloquently
by President Kennedy. But the
President's eloquence only served
to highlight a great paradox.
In his commencement address
at San Diego Stale College. Ken
nedy made this assertion: "Edu
cation is the responsibility edu
cation, quite rightly, is the re
sponsibilityof the state and the
local community. But from the
beginning of our country's his
tory ... it has been recognized
that there must be a national
commitment and that the nation
al government must plav its role
m stimulating a system of excel
lence which can serve the great
national purpose ol a free socie
ty." Later in the same address.
Kennedy declared "I believe that
education comes at tlie top of
the responsibility of any govern
ment at whatever level' It is es
sential to our survival as a na
tion n a dangerous and hazar
dous world and it is essential
to the maintenance of freedom
at a time when freedom is under
attack."
Thus, the President accented a
great paradox. He wants to give
the federal government vast new
powers over American education,
and he wants to do this in order
to safeguard American freedom.
Any schoolchild can readily see
the paradox. How can we possi
bly safeguard American freedom
by relinquishing more of that
freedom to the mammoth feder
al bureaucracy?
The President himself musl be
starkly aware of this paradox.
Back in IW50. when lie was a
Congressman, Kennedy made the
following public statement:
' Every time that we try In
lift a problem from our shoulders
and shift the problem lo the gov
ernment, to die same extent are
we sacrificing the liberties of
tlie people." A year later, in 1931.
Kennedy declared that "the dol
lar is a strategic material and
its use lor non-defense purposes
must be stopped."
Certainly American education
must be provided, and improved,
for all of our citizens. But. also,
freedom must be defended for all
of our citizens. American educa
tion must noi be provkled at t.'-e
expense of freedom. If it is, it
will defeat its purpose. Such u)
tlie great paradox highlighted by
President Kennedy.