PAGE A
HERALD AND NEWS, Klamath Falls, Oregon
Wednesday, June 26, 1103
EPSON IN WASHINGTON ...
Bold Steps Needed To
Rid World Of Hunger
"Whose Shot?"
dii&uaL (paqiL
Electoral College Reform Needed
The transfer of power from a retiring
president to a newcomer, especially if a
change of party is involved, has become one
of the most complex, cumbersome tasks of
: U.S. democracy.
' Many persons caught up in the takeover
; by Dwight Eisenhower in 1953 or President
: Kennedy in 1961 will testify to the great dif
; ficultics.
: The November-January transition is a
gray, never-never land in which the world
looks to the new president, who does not yet
know his job, and largely by-passes the incum
bent, who does know the work.
Any circumstance which materially add
ed to this seemingly inevitable confusion
might by that fact seriously increase the peril
inherent in the change-over. Fuzzed-up au
thority does not suit an age when maximum
; national danger can arise on an instant.
Yet this would appear to be a probable con
: sequence of any presidential election which
: failed to yield an electoral majority for one
: candidate or another and thereby threw the
'-decision into the House of Representatives
r as prescribed by the Constitution.
Even though summoned immediately, as
the law demands, such a session might be days
in achieving a result. In the meantime the
nation, and the world, would be stewing in
doubt.
Decision by the House is the stated in
: tent of those stales such as Alabama, Georg
; ia and Mississippi, which have authorized the
: choosing of unpledged electors in presidential
voting.
(Dallas Morning News)
West Virginia Wesleyan College has giv
en a right-wing economics professor, Dr. Har
old Hughes, his walking papers effective
next spring. His ultraconservative views, the
college says, interfered with his classroom
:; performance.
? A former member of the college board,
; Harold Cutright, brought the plight of the
y right-winger to the world. The college's board
:'of trustees, Cutright charges, Is a "scared
'nest of little left-wingers whose teachings
cannot stand the light of day." Earlier the
Chicago Tribune charged in an editorial that
the professor was being fired because he
IN WASHINGTON
: By RALPH dc TOLKDANO
'. In the hysteria over civil
'. rights, there has been a remark
." ahlc silonoo surrounding a hill In
; troduced hy Hep. William C. Cra
mer (R-Fla.l. Mr. Cramer has
com up with what la tuday a
novel Idea that the right to have
one's vote counted must apply to
all Americana, not merely to one
group or another. And he is par
ticularly disturbed because neith
er the Congress nor the Justice
; Department Is aroused over Hie
; theft of an estimated one million
- votes in every presidential elec
linn. : When H is recalled that John
'.T. Kennedy's plurality over Rich
laid Nixon was UJ.OOfl votes land
: that a aw ing ot 11,000 to 12.0(10
; votes in four slates would have
dinncod tlio results of the I960
election!, Mr. Cramer's dclense ot
the righl-to-vole provisions of the
Second Amendment assumes a
proper importance.
Vet the Civil Rights Commis
sion, set up to study any viola
tions of lite Bill of Rights, is speci
fically forbidden to move into
- areas other than tlmso involving
minority groups. If a white Prol
teslnnt voter is deprived of his
; civil rights at the polls, this Is
; not presumed to lie a violation
;of tlie Second Amendment under
the terms of the commission's
' charter. Let liim look elsewhere
: for relief. Tlw Civil Rights Com
mission can act only if the In
jured arty Is Negro, Catholic, or
Jewish.
To make tlio Civil Rights Com
mission responsive to all voting of
fenses, Representative Cramer
submitted an amendment to a bill
extending the group's lite in 1961.
The liberal members of the House
; Judiciary Committee fought (on
. aeiously to prevent approval. The
; administration, in the pcrwin '
Deputy Attorney General mow Su-
promo Court Justice! Ryron R.
J White, testified against this exten
sion of the commission's author
"ily. ? "Although the amendment was
favorably reported." says Mr.
Cramer, "the members of the
House never had an oiportunity
The Heave Ho
didn't meet the approval of a prominent West
Virginia labor-union official.
There probably are arguments on both
sides. But what interests The News is a re
cent dispatch indicating that the American
Association of University Professors will not
go to bat for the professor. "The question of
academic freedom and views on public issues
are not involved" in the dismissal, says the
AAUP.
If Dr. Hughes had been a howling liberal,
voicing his liberalism to students and even
politicking in fields where he shouldn't, would
the Association of Professors lot him be fired,
or would they not be putting West Virginia
Wesleyan on probation for violating his tenure
and academic freedom?
Voting Rights Unprotected
to vote on it because, according
to the chairman of the Rules Com
mittee, no application was ever
made to his committee for a rule
to bring this bill to a vote."
i Before the Rules Committee con
bring a measure to the floor,
there must tic an application hy
the chairman of the committee
that considered It. I
"Bottling up this amendment
in 1961 was a most revealing font
of legislative chicanery," Mr.
Cramer has told the House of Rep
resentatives. "It indicated very
strongly that the so-called cham
pions of civil rights, the self-proclaimed
liberals, are (lie very ones
who fear legislation for civil
rights for the majority as well as
Hie minority."
As Representative Cramer
points out. vie are constantly told
by civil rights proponents that it
one American is injured It threat
ens the rights of all Americans.
Vet these same people think in
terms only of minorities as it
Americans were not individuals
but shapeless masses.
In Philadelphia, one election
worker voted 327 times on a sin
gle voting machine. This means
that the votes of 327 people were
cancelled out. Each one had a
l ight to (lie protect ion of the Sec
ond Amendment. There were ex
tensive vote frauds In Chicago anil
in Texas in I960.
If civil right arc to mean any
thing, they must be defended
everywhere. Hut tlioso who chain,
pion them are rc;Kly to practice a
reverse segregation. The Civil
Rights Commission, they argue,
must think only in minority terms.
It must discriminate against white
voters. Tills is an odd way to read
tlie Constitution. It is also a dan
gerous nay. lor if we accept the
principle that one voter is more
important than another it we in
sist (hat depriving a Negro of his
lights demands the attention of a
special commission whereas the
same deprivation imposed on a
member of the majority is of no
concern to the federal govern
ment tlton in effect we are set
ting up different categories of justice.
If they and some other states should pur
sue this course, thereby subtracting a sub
stantial number of electoral votes from the
totals available to the declared party nomi
nees, the result could be to hand the House
the decision.
This almost happened in the Truman
Dewey contest of 1948. It could occur in a
close 1964 election.
It is a good bet, however, that the Amer
ican people would let it happen only once.
The likely turmoil in the House, especially
if the nation or the world were in some sort
of crisis, would give a huge push to preventive
electoral college reform.
Such reform is under study right now by
Sen. Estes Kefauver's Committee on Consti
tutional Amendments. But the sense of urg
ency is lacking. A wide variety of plans clam
or for attention. There is no evident consensus
for any single one.
Some observers feel that at most Con
gress might endorse a plan to eliminate the
electors as persons but retain electoral votes.
This would destroy the prospect of indepen
dent action by electors.
The electoral votes in each state would go
wholly to the candidate gaining a plurality
there. There would be no division of a state's
electoral vote according to the proportions of
the November popular vote, or by congression
al districts, as some have urged.
Yet even this simple reform may look
like a long step to a country which has not to
date felt the paralysis of an inconclusive election.
The question of vote fraud is, of
course, a touchy one for Demo
cratic administrations. These
frauds occur in the Democratically-controlled
big cities where
large numbers of votes are cast,
or in one-party states. In small
towns, tlie poll watchers know
their neighbors: there is less
chance to bring In floaters or
to pack the ballot box. The Demo
crats, therefore, have been the
major beneticiaries of election
fraud ever since the early 1930s,
when they took over tlie big cities.
But civil rights arc civil rights
and the last place we should
have segregated thinking is in the
Civil Righis Commission.
Al
manac
H.v United Press International
Today is Wednesday. June 16.
the I77ih day of lata with 188 to
follow.
The moon is approaching its
first quarter.
The morning slars are Venus.
Jupiter and Saturn.
Tlie evening star is Mars.
Those horn today include Pulitzer-prize
winning novelist Pearl
Ruck in 1892,
On this day in history:
In WIS, the lust issue of tlie
"Illustrated Daily News." tlie orig
inal pictorial Uthloid newspaper,
rolled off tlie presses in New
Wk City.
In PM.'i, 50 countries signed a
charier in San Francisco selling
up the United Nations.
In 1948, tlie United States an
nounced tlie organization of the
"llerlin Airlift" in answer to the
Russian blockade.
In 1939, President Eisenhower
and Quern Elizabeth dedicated
the St. Utvvrenoe Seaway at St.
tambrrt, Quebec.
A thought for tlie day French
novelist Albert Camus said
"Nothing in the world Is worth
turning one's back on what one
loves."
T r
Young GOP Faction
By BRUCE BIO&SAT
Newspaper Enterprise Assn.
WASHINGTON (NEA) Young
Republicans love Arizona's Sen.
Barry Goldvvater so ardently tlicy
will be fighting each other in
their June 25-28 San Francisco
convention for the honor of loving
him most. v
Thus an organization whose
membership is 80 to 85 per cent
for Goldvvater for president may
stage one of the most turbulent
combats in its history.
Goldwatcr's 1901 rivals Govs.
Nelson Rockefeller of New York.
George Romney of Michigan and
William Scranlon of Pennsylvania
aren't even in It. All three de
clined convention speaking invita
tions. Rumor has it they would
have been booed and picketed.
Goldwater is expected to appear.
With no major ideological dif
ferences showing, the Young Re
publicans find- themselves slicing
conservative hairs and falling
into factional and personality
cliques. -
At root this is not a new story.
Says one young leader:
"For a long lime, the basic
By SYDNF.Y J. HARRIS
The cant that Is spoken in the
political sphere is equalled, if not
excelled, only by tlie cant that is
spoken in the artistic and cultural
sphere. Tlie most absurd and in
flated claims are made by pro
ixinents in ImXIi worlds.
I was, therefore, pleased to
read recently tile transcript of
some talks given by Artur Senna
be!, the pianistic genius, a few
years before he died. Among oth
er blunt and honest comments,
Schnabel had Uiis to say:
"All my life I have heard this
Uik about the power of art to
bring people nearer to each oth
er. Uiat world peace will come
only if more music is circulated
and exchanged. Vet I have seen
people deeply moved as deeply
moved and affected by music as
is possible and the next morn
ing they would go into activities
which you might call criminal
and inhuman."
The fact that the Russians love
Van Chhiirn's artistry, and we
love Gilels or some other Rus
sian pcrlormer, has absolutely
nothing whatever to do with our
evtra-musical activities, either in
dividually or nationally. Tlie Ger
mans were the greatest music
lovers in tlie world they would
sob over Schubert and moan over
Moart hut the cause of Interna
tional understanding was not
forwarded one inch hy such appre
ciation. And. much as I applaud their
god intentions. 1 feel the same
way ahout Die people who devout
ly believe that speaking a com
mon language would make man
kind act more like brothers. There
may Ive some good practical rea
sons for an international I a n
guage. but it is sentimental non
sense to think that It would pro
mole amity among mankind.
One of the most distressing les
sons on hisiory. in fact, is that
lie "rrcost wars and persecu
tions often obtained among peo
ples w ho spoke the same lan
guage. The early Greek city
states fought among themselves
wilh unparalleled ferocity: so d:l
the later Italian cities and duch
strategy among Young Republi
cans has been to call your oppon
ent a liberal before he could
call you one."
Yet the eagerness of rival
groups to be "first with Gold
water" puts new fire in this old
tactic. It centers on the battle for .
the 1963-65 national chairmanship
of the Young Republicans. Top
candidates:
Charles McDevitt, 31, Boise,
Idaho, lawyer and state legisla
tor, and Donald (Buzz) Lukens,
32, minority clerk of the House
Rules Committee in Congress.
In the bitter struggle shaping
up, rumors of plot and subplot
are hatched almost daily. One fac
tion is alleged to have tried to
"get the job" of a YR working in
a congressional office for being
"too active" in the campaign.
The regional leader of a key
faction sept all his campaign lit
erature to private homes in San
Francisco, fearing the stuff would
be hijacked if sent to convention
headquarters. He also sent out a
man to forestall possible "bug
ging" of room telephones.
It is taken for granted each
STRICTLY
PERSONAL
ies. The English behaved most
atrociously toward the Irish, and
our own Civil War indicates that
a common tongue did not prevent
horrible fratricide.
Music is not an "international
language," nor are any of the
arts. There are only two things
that will bring people closer to
gctlier one of them is positive,
and tlie other is negative. The
positive tiling is love, and the
negative thing is fear.
And since we are not good
enough to love one another, we
will be brought together (if ever'
only by fear by the very real
fear, which exists today as never
before, that destruction is indivis
ible, that we are all sitting in
the same little boat in the mid
dle of the ana, and to drill a hole
under anyone's scat is to sink
us all. This is the one interna
tional language time w ilt force us
to learn to speak.
BERRY'S WORLD "
"It daddy tbt tlatut iv
the statu
- Full
faction has spies in the other's
camp. Some plans travel the cir
cuit so fast they are scrapped as'
useless. The play among these
young "apprentice politicians" of
ten gets rough enough to impress
the toughest of their big league
elders.
From 1949 until 1961, one well
entrenched clique hand-picked the
national chairman and fellow offi
cers. The spell was broken year
before last with the victory of the
present chairman, Leonard Na
dasdy of Minneapolis.
In the current fight, McDevitt
is widely considered heir appar
ent to Nadasdy. Lukens is the
candidate of the formerly comi
nant clique.
The latter profess to be the
"true breed" of conservatives.
They tell delegates a victory for
McDevitt would be represented by
the press as a triumph for Rocke
feller, since McDevitt is expected
to gel New York's votes.
McDevitt's forces charge their
rivals with being a "rule or ruin"
group trying to crush not only its
avowed enemies but its less-firm
friends as well. Says one pro
McDevitt man:
"On a recent swing I made, I
talked to many of these guys.
You may find yourself agreeing
with them on Si) of loo issues.
But if you disagree on the 100th.
they ask: 'What arc you, a liberal
or something?' "
Neutral observers arc wonder
ing what the impact will lie of
holding the convention in Califor
nia, whore the Young Republican
organization is now headed by an
avowed John Birch Society mem
ber. Robert Gaston.
But whatever the outcome in
tins quest or power and for
Goldwatcr's favor, it seems sale
to say Goldwater himself will get
a fresh "presidential lilt" from
having his name bandied about
and cheered to the ratters for
four days.
How much good will (hat do
him in the big leagues? Some
observers Icel it may serve him
well as one more piece of evi
dence suggesting he is the presi
dential favorite of Republicans
voung, medium and old.
QUESTIONS
AND
ANSWERS
Q Which is Africa's oldest in
dependent country?
A Ethiopia,
mbol, er it Hyannit Port
t symbol!"
By PETER EDSON
Washington Correspondent
Newspaper Enterprise Assn.
WASHINGTON i NEA i - World
wide family planning, a new and
extended world food plan with tlie
possibility of progressive interna
tional taxation to support the ef
fort were suggested at the closing
session of the World Food Con
gress here to insure freedom from
hunger for everyone by the year
2000 A D.
Speaking to 1,200 delegates from
100 countries, B. R. Sen of India,
director general of the United
Nations Food and Agriculture Or
ganization, listed these far-reaching
international reforms in the
course of a 40-point summary re
port to the two weeks' conference.
With world population expected
to double to six billion people in
the next 37 years. Dr. Sen de
clared that the world food pro
duction would have to be trebled
or quadrupled. He said this need
will require an effort of nearly
Ihrac-fourths of the human popu
lation. Without using the words "birth
control," Sen declared:
"It is obvious that the increase
in numbers cannot continue at the
present rate, let alone at an ac
celerated pace, if the food supply
lags behind. In the final analysis,
it will be up to the individual to
decide how he should conduct him
self. Even so, the time may come
when not only the nation to which
the individual belongs, but also
the world as a w hole may have to
take a more direct and a more
dynamic role in assisting family
planning measures through social
education and hygiene."
On the international level. Sen
advocated urgent action to under
take a World Food Plan. This
would co-ordinate national plans
to meet nutritional needs and ar
rive at a better balance between
export supplies and import de
mand, based on projections of fu
ture trends. Other World Food
Congresses at periodic intervals
were suggested to review progress.
The three-year Freedom From
Hunger Campaign launched by
FAO in 1961 will be continued on
an experimental basis to develop
techniques.
WASHINGTON
By FULTON LEWIS JR.
It's two in a row for Nelson
Aldrich Rockefeller, who this week
passes up his second straight
.Young Republican National Con
vention. The New York governor de
clined to attend the last affair,
held in 1961, citing as his excuse
a heavy Albany schedule. While
GOP juniors met in Minneapolis.
Rocky, however, was photo
graphed shooting pool in a New
York youth center.
Months ago Rockefeller turned
down an invitation to address the
1963 conclave, which opened Tues
day in San Francisco.
Republican pros take with a
grain of salt his excuse that press
ing business would keep him at
home. Tlie most likely reason is
one given two years ago bv a
party leader close to Rockefeller:
"Nelson's no fool. He knows the
reception he'd get out there would
lie positively chilling."
Only two so-called liberals will
lie on hand this week. Thev are
Oregon Gov. Mark Hatfield and
Pennsylvania Sen. Hugh Scott.
Certain to go down as hero of
this convention Is Ariiona Sen.
Barry Goldwater. w h o Is sched
uled for a major address. Texas
Sen. John Tower has promised
to Join Goldwater In San Francis
co to meet the 1,500 Young Repub
lieans from all 50 slates.
Several of Die party's blight
, young Congressmen will be, pres
ent, Including Tennessee's Bill
Brock and Texas' Ed Foreman,
both unabashed conservatives.
A possible gauge of YR senti
ment is that both candidates for
national chairman label them
elves, conservatives. They are
Donald "Buz" Lukens, of' Wash
ington. DC, an aide to GOP
members of the House Rules Com
mittee, and Charles McDevitt,
member of the Idaho State Leg
Ulaturc. Lukens. a reserve captain in
Barry Goldwatcr's Air Force unit,
says frankly the party must nom
inate a conservative in 1964. Mc
IVvitt. who claims a conserva
tive voting record in tlie Idaho
legislature. u nevertheless
hacked hy the delegations of New
Voik, New Jersey, and Pennsyl
vania, all liberal strongholds.
Lukens draws most of his
strength from the conservative
South, the Great Plains and Rocky
Mountain Slates.
Idaho's Oracle Plot. l"nj a
lam;iar fixture in the Htise of
Calling on all countries to par
ticipate in this international re
construction which he labeled, "a
beginning of a new world-wide
effort in the war against hunger,"
Sen predicted that "the time may
be nut far distant when a system
of international progressive taxa
tion will be regarded as a logical
development even if for juridicial
reasons it may be termed a con
tribution rather than a tax."
Summarizing the world food
situation as of today, Sen declared
that more than half of the world's
population is undernourished or
malnourished. Increases in worM
food supply have been mostly
in the high income, industrialized
countries. In other countries it is
no better than 'pre-war. Life ex
pectancy in the developing coun
tries averages 35 years. In devel
oped countries it averages 65 to
70 years.
Part of the problem is increas
ing average income to subsistence
levels. In underdeveloped coun
tries average annual per capita
income is around $100. In devel
oped countries it is 10 times that.
Low incomes and inadequate diets
go together.
A minimum goal of 2400 calorics
of food per person per day, in
cluding 70 Rrams of protein was
set. This will require a fourfold
increase in Asia and the Far East,
a threefold increase in the Near
East, a two-to-threcfold increase
in Latin America and Africa. The
present animal protein consump
tion averages eight grams in
Asia, the Far East and many
Latin American countries, 11
grams in Africa, 14 grams in
the Near East.
"If hunger and malnutrition are
to be eliminated by the end of
this century," said Sen, "a much
faster rate of economic growth ap
pears necessary."
Until developing countries be
come more self-sufficient, Sen rec
ommended adoption of the FAO
plan for a $12.5 billion five-year
program of surplus food distribu
tion by the "have" nations tp the
"have-nots."
About three-fourths of this
would be devoted to economic and
social development, the balance
to emergency aid.
REPORT .
Young GOP Meeting
Shunned By Nelson,
Representatives, tried for the Sen
ate last fall. She lost.
Washington's Don Magnuson lost
his bid for House re-election.
Chicago's Sidney Yates gave up
a safe congressional scat to run
statewide for the Senate. The
gamble failed.
Congressman Blaine Peterson
saw Utah voters turn thumbs
down on his bid for a second
term.
All of the above have one thing
in common-thcy are defeated
Democrats, but they have found
their place at the federal trough.
Mrs. Pfost pulls down $18,000 i
year at the Federal Housing
Authority: Magnuson, $16,000 at
the Agriculture Department:
Yates. $22,500 at the UN; Peter
son $70-a-day at the Food for
Peace Agency.
There are others. Walter Moel
ler. a two-term Ohio Congress
man, was upset last fall by Re
publican "Pete" Ahele. A Luth
eran minister, Moeller now makes
SKi.ooo a year at the National
Aeronautics and Space Adminis
tration. Floyd Breeding found a $17,925
a year slot at the Department of
Agriculture after voters turned
him out of office.
Frank Kowalski was named In
the Subversive Activities Control
Board at $20,000 after his con
grcstional career came to an end.
Catherine Norell makes $14,565 as
an Assistant Secretary of State.
Her congressional district was
combined with that of another
Arkansas Democrat.
Kathryn Granahan. a Philadel
phia Democrat, lost her seat
through redistricting. She now
makes $20,000 a year as United
Slates Treasurer.
THEY
SAY...
Industrial confidence is a shy
maiden One harsh word and she
" retire to a nunnery, from
!ich ,tw,l lake more than mm
uteria serenades to entice her.
-Britain', ljri rh.ndo..'
Toe law means nothing to the
Negro ho ; is enslaved. What doe,
)! cell mean to me? I've
jail ,ver since I ,
a.7!", k"y halr' '
awl Hat fret and big hps