HERALD AND NEWS, Klamath Falls. Oregon
Monday, June U, 1361
EPSON INI WASHINGTON . . .
HST In Rare Form At
Warm-Up For His 80th
Some Take the High Road
PAGE
Confrontation In Alabama
Whatever tests between state and federal
authorities on the civil rights issue may still
lie ahead, they seem unlikely to be made in
the personalized terms employed by Ala
bama's Gov. George C. Wallace at Tuscaloosa
and Mississippi's Gov. Ross Barnett last year
in Oxford and Jackson.
When Wallace called off a plan to bar
tjie door to a Negro student at the University
of Alabama's Huntsville branch, it probably
signaled a historic turning point.
Wallace's confrontation with United
States officials at Tuscaloosa was difficult and
emotion-charged. The whole nation must be
grateful that it was managed without stirring
violence.
: True to his word, the governor is main
jaining strict order in the critical areas. Ad
mirable restraint and responsibility shown by
university students and Alabama citizens con
tribute importantly to the atmosphere of
calm.
Wallace candidly acknowledges he stood
in the doorway at Tuscaloosa partly to redeem
ar.1962 campaign pledge. But he also says he
hoped thereby to arouse the country to a new
appreciation of certain constitutional Issues
between the states and the federal govern
ment. The governor finds the core of the dis
pute in the 10th amendment to the U.S. Con
ttitution. It says powers not expressly dele
gated to the federal government under the
Constitution, or not prohibited to the states
by it, are reserved to the states, or the people.
' Authority over education is not one of the
Step
(Portland Oragonian)
The Administration bill to establish the
Pacific Northwest as the primary marketing
area for federal power from the Columbia
fcasin system won an unexpectedly easy vie-'
tory in the House Reclamation Subcommittee,
15 to 3. But the most vigorous opponents of
this measure needed by the Northwest before
transmission lines are built to California to
sell surplus power in that market were hold
, ing their fire.
Reps. John Saylor of Pennsylvania and
Craig Hosmer of California, both Republicans,
lave an armload of amendments, both frivo
lous and vicious, with which they will seek
fo kill the so-called "Northwest preference"
bill before the main Interior Committee votes
on it in about two weeks. Failing there, they
will carry the battle to the floor in the hope
IN WASHINGTON
Don't
By RALPH dc TOLEDANO
Freedom House, a New York or
ganization which dors not find it
Impossible to be liberal atld anti
Communist, has issued a report
at a meeting It railed nl 25 writ
ers, publicists, and academicians
"seasoned observers and ana
lysts" to discuss Uie Cuban prob
lem. On the minds of Freedom
House directors was Uie fact that
thouch the American people unit
ed solidly behind the President to
force the wilMrawal of missiles
and troops, "more than half a
year has gone by and Hie Job has
not been completed" Of this
group, H were friendly to the Ad
ministration, 7 opposed, and 4
would not say.
: When the deliberations had
ended, a poll was taken on fl num
ber of key points, "la Washington
fully committed to a policy to
bring down Castro in practical
terms?" Eleven answered no, and
three gave a qualified no. Only
three nave an unqualified yes.
Three abstained. "Does Washing
ton have a plan on Cuba?" Only
One parUcipairt gave an unquali
fied yes, whereas 13 gave an un
Qualified no and two more a quali
fied no.
"Can Castro's regime be toppled
wiUiout an invasion by the U.S.?"
Vessel from 21, without qualifica
tion and not a single no. "Can
Castro-Communist subversion be
contained wiUiout action larger
than presently exists?" To this
Question. 19 unqualifiedly said no.
f Were Uie hit-and-run raids con
frrbtiting to creating difficulties for
Castro?" Twenty yes answers.
Did raids not based on U.S. soil
fml.inger the peace?" Unqualified
no. 18; unqualified yes, I.
The pattern of the answers
and other questions corroborate
Una ii quite clear. Tliese friend
ly experts believe that tlie Admin
istration is not really trying to
tyerthrowr Castro, that it is not
Containing subversion, and that the
powers given to the federal establishment.
Wallace says the U.S. insistence on entry of
Negro students into Alabama's schools
amounts to use of federal authority in the
education field. He argues that, in conse
quence, this presents federal usurpation of
state powers.
The arguments of the federal authorities
in both the courts and the executive branch
are that in directing the entry of the Negroes
into these schools they are not in any way at
fecting the operation of Alabama's educational
system as such. They say the state is free to
control teachers, curriculum, and school ad
ministration. The federal contention goes further to
say that what U.S. officials seek is simply to
assure to the Negroes involved the general
rights of citizenship given to all Americans.
It is argued that these are federal rights
which know no state boundaries and go with
the person wherever he walks, whether in his
home, in the voting booth, in a public place
or a public institution such as a state-supported
school. Government lawyers offer the
14th amendment to the Constitution as the
legal support for this argument.
Governor Wallace wants this controversy
adjudicated in the manner prescribed by the
Constitution which means in the courts. It h
a dispute which has been there before. But
perhaps the country will benefit hugely if, as
the governor wishes, these issues are threshed
out again and strong, clear, thoughtful words
are spoken from the bench for all the nation
to hear.
Toward Intertie
of prejudicing the votes of many representa
tives who do not know the facts and will be
gullible on this issue when it is presented,
falsely, in a "government power" light.
The subcommittee did vote an amend
ment, subject to review of the main commit
tee, instructing Secretary of Interior Udall
to make every effort to negotiate non-federal
transmission lines to the Southwest. This,
Interior is willing to do but not before the
present bill to protect the basic, prime-power
supply of the Northwest from California raids
is adopted. The adoption of this bill will not
forestall, however, a mean fight on federal
appropriations for intertie lines. The sub
committee action was encouraging for the
Northwest. But there are barrier reefs to
cross.
Care-Or
reasons it gives for its dilatory
tactics arc simply cover-ups.
Tliis should come as a shock to
those who insist that only a hand
ful of pug-ugly Republicans Hi Con
gress arc really disturbed by the
Cuban situation. And it throws
doubt on an argument heard here
frequently that Cuba will not be
an issue because people know that
there Is nothing President Kenne
dy can do about it.
Tlie other side of the same coin
comes from Cuba itself, from a
new Free Cuban Commando group
operating successfully in the Es
cambray mountains. Pedro "Chun
go" Ramirez, head of this group,
says:
"Eighty per cent of the iCastrm
militia is coniKscd of men who
serve only out of terror. Their
morale is very low, divert the
opportunity and the assurance that
lliey were on tlie winning side, we
could count on massive defec
tions." Nevertheless, defections
do occur among those who would
rather die (or Cuba than live in
slavery under Castro.
W ithout tlie arms tliey once got
from tlie Unicd Stales, (he various
guerrilla groups are extremely
short ol weapons even lacking
rlotlies, shoes, food, Ramirez sat s.
"Our sources of supply are the
iCastroi militia Uiemseives." Tlie
only weapons available must be
taken from members of militia
units wlio are killed in combat or
who defect to Uie commandoes
The guajiros lor peasants I supply
what they can tn the way of (noil
and slieltor. They also serve to
identify Communist agents wlio at
tempt to infiltrate the guerrillas
hy claiming tu tic idealistic re
cruits. Ramirez points out that in this
battle lor his country, "loo.mo
Communist troops wouid have dif
ficulty wiping out tlie guerrillas
in tlie Escamhray." Commando
units operate in group of II to IS
Afraid?
and "extreme mobility is our chief
weapon."
But what (liey really need is
proper support from Uie outside.
This means guns and supplies, cer
tainly, bu( most important of all
what tliey need is the knowledge
that the Kennedy Administration
is on their side. This knowledge
would cause widespread defec
tions. Instead, they see Uiat Uie Ad
ministration has turned its back
on them, pleading (ear of a nu
clear war. Tliey believe Fidel Cas
tro when he says, "Who has
failed? Tliey. Uie U.S.A., has
failed. Who has won? We have
won. Well, then, arc the conquered
going to impose conditions on the
conquerors?" This kind of propa
ganda is pervasive and murder
to the cause of freedom.
Tlie Cuban people know thai tlie
United Slates had already con
quered, that it lost its nerve, and
that the conquerors gratefully ac
cepted tlie conditions of those who
were in full retreat. The last
laugh was Castro's and Khrush
chev's. Is it any wonder then that sea
soned observers friendly to the
Kennedy Administration feel that
nothing has been done about Culw
because those in the seats of Uie
mighty do not care to or are
atraid
QUESTIONS
AND
ANSWERS
Q - lias the origin at the
name "bourhna whisky" aeea
traced?
A It was first made by a
pioneer preaclier at Georgetown.
Ky , in ITS. Georgetown at that
tune was part of Bourbon County.
WASHINGTON
By WASHINGTON STAFF
Newspaper Enterprise Assn.
WASHINGTON (NEAI - Nerv
ous over the reacUon (o New
York Gov. Nelson Rockefeller's
remarriage, one top backer tried
recently to get the best he could
out o( the old applause meter
when he introduced the governor's
new wife, the former Margarctta
Murphy.
State Republican Chairman
Fred Young, addressing the par
ty's annual fund-raising dinner in
New York City, told the assem
bled Republicans:
"Now I want to introduce two
of the most charming, gracious
mid intelligent women this state
has ever known the former first
lady. .Mrs. Thomas E. Dewey,
and tlie current first lady, Mrs.
Nelson Rockefeller."
The applause was warm and
long. But no one knew what part
was meant for whom.
By SYDNEY J. HARRIS
One of the interesting psycho
logical side lights on Gordon
Cooper's space Might is Uie fact
that he nearly didn't get to make
it. After his flight was successful
ly completed, a wire service story
Irom Cape Canaveral reported:
"His kidding on Uie ground
since Uw program started is such
that some ol the humorless mem
bers of the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration were
against his selection for such a
serious assignment." It was only
the "strong intercession" of oth
ers, the story went on, that
eventually won him the align
ment. It is a common mistake of pon
derous and humorless men to
equate mere solemnity with "seri
ousness." The Rev. Sydney
Smith, one of the wittiest and
most erudite clergymen of his
lime, once explained why he nev
er attained a bishopric while
inferior men did: "I sink hy niy
levity." he remarked, "while oth
ers rise by their gravity."
In our own time, Bernard Shaw
was perhaps the most deadly se
rious of writers yet in many
quarters he was considered Hip
pant and frivolous because he
wrote in a sardonic ami humor
ous manner. At the other end o'
lite philosophic spectrum. G. K
Chesterton was long suspect for
his mirth, while being a passion
ale and prolound religious com
mentator. "A solemnity of bch.it inr."
wrote La Hocheloucauld. "is oft
en a trick to disguise the tlcn
ciencies ol the mind " Most of
the serious-sounding men I hate
listened to. in various fields, hate
used solemnity to conceal their
poverty of thought: they appar
ently feel that a heaviness ol man
ner masks an emptiness of sub.
slance.
There is no more serious cxliua
tor in the United Stales Ulan Huh
ert M. Hiitchins nor one who
has giten deeper thought lo tlie
basic problems of education tn a
democratic society. But because
he has been a wise-cracker. ,m
irreverent stepper on academ e
toes, he has sometimes turn dis
NOTEBOOK
Applause Meter Hijinks
A British political leader visit
ing Washington says that he has
to come to America once a year
just to keep up on the new words
in U.S. government officials' vo
cabularies. Last year when he came the
bureaucrats were all saying that
Uicy were having "dialogues"
about controversial issues. What
they meant was that Uiey were
having debates. '
This year the fashionable word
among Uie deep thinkers is that
they are WTiting "scenarios" on
how to handle specific situa
tions. What they mean is plans.
There's a difference between
American and British politicians
and diplomats on what the word
"consultation" means. To the
Americans, it means just "con
versation." The Britishers want
it to mean also, "participation."
When teamsters wives came to
STRICTLY
PERSONAL
missed as the mere Feck's Bad
Boy of education.
"A monkey looks terribly se
rious and Uioughtful," he once
said. "But tlie monkey is just
thinking where to scratch himself
next."
Mark Twain suffered much the
same fate for many years, and
was regarded as little more than
a high-grade parlor entertainer,
because of his irony and jokes:
while some of Uie dullest and
stuffiest writers of his period
were regarded with hushed ven
eration for their pompous plati
tudes. At his life's end, he felt
quite bitter about this evaluation.
Many men who seem to be tak
ing tlieir subjects seriously are
simply taking themselves tieri
ously: they cannot afford the lux
ury of laughter, w hich would
threaten to shatter facade of Uieir
false dignity. Solemnity is not an
intellectual weapon, but a psy
chological armor.
BERRY'S WORLD
I
"Vi Ukl to it mmtibint
town to picket tlie White House,
a snoup who came by saw no
pickets so he asked Uie White
House guard where they were.
Replied Uie guard:
"Oh, tliey're inside touring the
White House first."
Sen. Norris Cotton, R-N.H., says
tlie $10 million government aqua
rium w hich is to be built in Wash
ington reminds him of Uie magni
ficent palace built by Frederick
the Great of Prussia. At tlie very
moment his enemies were arrayed
against him and he was squeezing
the last cent from his serfs to
maintain his armies with uncon
scious irony he named it "sans
souci" meaning "without worry."
Says Senator Cotton "this may
be a fitting epitaph for the 83th
Congress."
Trying to make sense out of
agricultural policies has proved
lo be a completely frustrating
business to both American and
European negotiators on tariff and
trade. But one French economist
has finally reduced the situation
to utter absurdity by four hypo
thetical theorems:
1. Anything which is nonsense
ill any other sector is the height
of sophistication as regards agri
culture. 2. Every farmer has Uie right to
produce as much of everything
that is not needed as he pleases.
3. As soon as he produces more
than is needed, raise the prices
above Uie levels that people can
atford to pay.
4. Give aid to Ihe developing
countries so that tliey can pro
duce more of everything that is
not needed for sale at prices that
arc higher than can be paid in a
free world market.
Virginia Sen. Harry F. Byi d had
his own comments about Presi
dent Truman and others at Uie
birllxlay party given in his hon
or by die National Press Club.
"I've spoken to all the presidents
during the 30 years I've been in
the Senate." he said, "and they've
spoken with me. But I didn't
agree with anv of them."
tbout rttpfortionmtnt.'
By PETER EUSON
Washington Correspondent
WASHINGTON INEA' - Plans
lo make furmcr President Harry
S Truman's 80th birthday. May 8,
1964. a real wingding are already
under way. This came out, along
with a lot of inside political stor
ies, at the 22nd anniversary re
union of the Senate's World War
tl Investigating Committee on Na
tional Defense. Truman was in
Washington for the affair as guest
of honor since he was the com
mittee's first chairman. He made
Ihe committee famous, a n d it
made him vice president.
Charles Patrick Clark, associate
counsel on the original commit
tee staff, hosted this year's
black-tic dinner for 40 old Tru
man cronies, and was its master
of ceremonies. It was Clark who
announced that the committee's
23rd anniversary dinner next year
will celebrate Truman's 80th.
Vice President Lyndon John
son, at this year's dinner, gave
Truman a large measure of credit
for the Democratic victory in
19B0.
After the Los Angeles nominat
ing convention, Johnson revealed.
Sen. Kennedy told his running
mate. "Go see Harry Truman and
ask him how to run for vice
president."
"Get as far away from home as
you can." Truman advised John
son. "Go to Boston. That's where
I opened my campaign. The Irish
will receive you with open arms.
Then get Jack to go to Texas.
' They won't be as afraid of a
Catholic if they see one."
"John McCormack 'Speaker of
(lie House) g o t some fellows
out." Johnson told the Truman
guests. "He hired enough lo fill
tlie hall and he even had a horse
out in front."
Johnson riding a horse in Texas
wouldn't be news. But Johnson
doing a Paul Revere in Boston
was news. Every paper in Texas
carried the pictures. And that
helped Kennedy and Johnson car
ry Texas as well as nine other
WASHINGTON
By FULTON LEWIS JR.
Gus Hall is a taciturn man. not
given to broadcasting lus likes
and dislikes. If he were. Uie port
ly boss of U.S. Communists would
rank Attorney General Robert
Kennedy about as high on his
list of favorite people as Floyd
Patterson would Sonny Liston.
For Kennedy, a one-time boxer,
has backed Hall against t h e
'opes and opened up with both
hands. He has Hall and Moscow's
other agents in serious trouble.
In recent months, tlie Attorney
General has initiated legal action
against 27 top-ranking Reds, ask
ing the Subversive Activities Con
trol Board iSACBi to require them
to register as members of the
Communist Party.
Based on evidence lurned up by
Kennedy and J. Edgar Hoover,
Ihe Board has thus far ordered 14
to register. It has not yet ruled on
the other 13. If tlie board's deci
sion is upheld by the courts, the
14 must register. If they refuse
as they have indicated they will
they face prison sentences of five
years and fines of Sio.nuo in the
event they are convicted.
Hearings a fortnight ago dem
onstrated the spadework of the
Federal Bureau of Investigation
and Kennedy's Internal Security
Division. The FBI sprung four
agents to testify against four Par
ty leaders. Perhaps Uie most im
portant witness was Allen Prince,
a red-haired Brooklyn lad who has
re(iorted to the FBI lor ten years.
Before he led tlie Party last
year. Prime was regarded by Mali
as one of tlie country's most prom
ising young comrades. He sertcd
as a member of the Party's New
York Youth Commission aiid chair
man of his party branch His
wife. Helen, also worked lor the
FBI as an undercover agent. Like
her husband, she left the Party
to testify before the SCB
Prime was a chief witnc-s in
proceedings against Mortimer
Daniel Rubin, the Partv s bricht
young Director of Youth Activities.
He told of secret meeting in
which Rubin charted strategy to
win recruits. I!un. Prince Xid
reported directly lo partv bo..,'
Hall, who was particularly con.
cerncd almut youth progress in
New Yoik tilt.
Prime was uod lo Klentilv Irt
ing Pntah. labor commivdr (
the US. Party Two other undei.
.over agents .Floyd Roger, and
Uicius Armstrong
lo iricntilicd
Potd.li. who i, ,, ., ,0
I S. law cnlorcemcnt ollicers.
He w. n.niicted under the
Smith Act of conspiring to over
throw the US Government Upon
his release from federal prison lie
was reported to his native Poland
Snorty thereafter, in v.,:,7 Pnt
a-h a smu-M h;,ck ,, lh,(
states, where Johnson made 108
speeches on his way back home.
Former Sen. Burton K. Wheel
er of Montana, Truman's first
Senate boss as chairman of the
Commerce Committee, paid tri
bute to Uie ex-President because,
"he had guts. Tlie more 1 live
in Washington." said Wheeler,
"the more I think it's more im
portant to have guts than to have
brains."
Responding to all these and
a lot more tributes, Truman,
pink-cheeked and in his rare, uld
form, said in reply, "What in hell
can a man say or do after all
that? But one of these days,"
he continued, "I'll be in a position
where I can't hear what you say.
I hope you'll go on saying it
anyway.
"When a man has a responsi
bility to 180 million people he
can't please them all," Truman
reminisced, in a mellow mood.
"He has to make decisions. A
third to a half of the people al
ways have to raise hell about
it.
"Now they're being very kind
to an old man. I wish they had
been more so then."
Truman paid some beautiful tri
butes to former President Herbert
Hoover, who had responded to
Ins call for help. "I asked him
lo do for me what he did for
Woodrow Wilson feed the peo
ple of Bulgaria and Romania
and Iran and Syria and Azerbai
jan. And then I asked him tn
plan the reorganization of the
federal government. And we put
three-fourths of his recommenda
tions into effect.
"I got President Hoover lo come
down to Independence and dedi
cate the Truman Memorial Li
brary. While he was there he
came to tlie house where Mrs.
Truman was entertaining her
bridge club. And one old ga)
there asked him what an ex
president did. Hoover's reply
was:
" 'He takes pills and dedicates
libraries.' "
REPORT
Bob, Hoover Have
U.S. Commies On Run
country lo attend the super-secret,
closed door l?th Convention of
the Communist Party, USA.
Nabbed by the FBI, Potash was
convicted of illegal entry and
served two more years in jail.
Again, deportation proceedings
were initiated, but Poland's Wlad
yslaw Gomulka iwho has received
more than half a billion dollars in
U.S. foreign aidl thwarted Amer
ican efforts to get rid of Potash.
Gomulka refused to accept him,
and Potash remains in this coun
try today. According to sworn tes
timony, he travels throughout the
country, addressing secret Com
munist meetings, giving orders on
infiltration of American industrial
plants.
Neither Potash nor Rubin both
ered to deny the charges made
against them. Neither, for that
matter, have any of those against
whom Kennedy has moved, al
though they have been given ev
ery opportunity to refute the alle
gations and lo present witnesses
in tlieir behalf.
The Reds' only hope is for the
Supreme Court to hold the pro
ceedings unconstitutional. Govorn-
mcnt lawyers are confident, how
ever, that the statutes in question
will he upheld.
Al
manac
By United Prrss International
Today is Monday. June 24. tlie
lT5th day of una wilh 100 to
follow.
The moon is approaching its
liist quarter.
The morning stars arc Venus.
Jupiter and Saturn.
Tlie ctcning star is Mars.
Tlmse born today include Henry
Ward Beccher. American preach
er and opponent of slavery, in
1313.
On this day in hislorv:
In 1W7, explorer John Cabot
reached North America and
('aimed lo lie the first European
to visit the continent since thff
Norsemen.
In 18M, Gen. Robert E. Lee
Martcd lo cross the Potomac Riv
" at Harper's Ferry in prepara
tion for his Civil War invasion of
Pennsylvania.
In i"48. Russia blockaded all
'ail and road traffic between West
Eerhn and West Germany.
In 1148. Republicans chose Gov.
Thomas Dewey of New York to
run lor the presidency lor tha
ccond time.
A thought for Die day - Tlie
Trench writer. Henri Beyle Sten
"ahl. wrote: "One can acquire
""tilling in solitude - except
haraclcr."