Farm Production Costs
Expected To Increase
WASHINGTON UPI. - The. The department listed these
Agriculture Department said to
day farm production expenses in
1963 are expected to total $28.2
billion.
This would make farm costs this
year a half billion dollars, or 1.3
per cent, higher than the S27.7 bil
lion they totaled in 1SW2. The 1!M2
costs were 2.2 per cent, or $600
million, higher than the $27.1 bil
lion of 1961.
The department said the in
crease in 1962 over the year be
fore was due to the slightly higher
prices paid for about the same
total volume of production inputs
purchased. The agency said the
rise in farm production expenses
since the early 1950's resulted
from about equal percentage in
creases in t h e volume of pur
chased inputs and in the level o
prices paid for them. Farm pro
duction costs in 1950-54 averaged
$21.4 billion. The 1955-59 average
, was $23.9 billion.
In a review of Ihe farm cost
situation, the department said the
rise in production expenses was
more than offset by an increase
in gross farm income in 1962,
leaving farmers' realized net in
come just above the year before.
Higher gross receipts from farm
marketings, plus an assist from
higher government payments,
were responsible for the increase
in gross farm income.
ALSCO
ALUMINUM SIDING
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ARALUM
highlights as some of the morel
significant developments in de
mand, supply, and prices of the
principal types of farm production
inputs.
harm wage rates averaged
slightly higher in 1962 than in the
previous year. The average num
ber of workers employed on farms
in 1962 was below the vcar be
fore, and further declines are in
prospect in the face of farm con
solidation and mechanization.
Prices of farm tractors, ma
chinery, and equipment have been
rising for several years. Farmers
continue to buy more of the larger
tractors and bigger - capacity
machines, and many farm opera
tors do some custom work with
them.
Farm service buildings con
tinue to be an important item in
tarm capital investment
The average cost per unit of
plant nutrients in fertilizer has de
clined in recent years.
seed prices vary sharply with
year-to-year changes in demand
and supply.
interest rates charged on
farm debt in 1962 averaged a bit
higher than the year before. The
average amount of farm debt out
standing in 1962. and the total
farm interest bill, were each
about 9 per cent higher than in
1961.
Prices of farm real estate
continued their upward trend.
Frank Faylen is observing his
40th year in show business, his
26th in films and his fourth as
father of television's "Dobie Gil-lis."
HERALD AVD NEWS. Klamath Falls. Oregon
Tuesday, June II, 1963
PAGE
WATER SUPPLY OUTLOOK
ST.CU. . uu '"
rt. Klacath Valley Fair Poor
Loot Siy.r (Clear Lk) Avtrao Aver;
Lost River Berber) Average Averse
Lost River (Willow Rei.) Average Fair
SpragTie River Average Fair
Upper Klanath Lake " Average Average
Williamson River fair Poor
RESERVOIR STORAGE (1,000 Ac. Ft.) j. i. 19t,
STREAMFLOW FORECASTS'd.OOO Ac. Ft.) .. of jun. l. ins
.tit.vo.. I""'" I
caeacirv ,. ;tl!..V
Clear Lake 440.1 1S9.0 109,1 J71.3
Cerber 94,0 .7.S 3S.Z
Upper Klamath Lake 51.0 5M.0 557.5 5:0.3
'Nitrogen, Phosphorous Application Will Alter
Barley Yields Under Some Conditions In Basin
F0KIC4SI OINT
623
6215
5010
5070
5Q2S
Clear Laic Rotrvoir Inflow '
Grbr Rarvoir Inflow I
Spragut near Chiloquin
Upper Kl snath Laic nt Inflow
Williamson blow Spragua River
SOIL MOISTURE
FOMECAS?
this vcn
13.2
6.0
200
Hi
270
FOB CAST PEN "00
Kay-J una
Hay-Jun
Hay-Sept .
Kay-Sept
Kay-Sept,
I4J.S1-
vipugc
16.3
6.S
191
431
330
BIy Hour.ta.n
Quartz Mountain
SSZQ
fROFILC ( 'kiI
5 ECC.T
119
105
14.0
15.3
SOtL WCHilUt l
4-:b-63
4-26-63
11.5'
7.3'
11.4
6.3
HCTEt Tht loll moisture figures published herein art ruvt comparable to those published last
year And earlier dua to a change In the scale of evaluation. The new figures represent
total Doistura in the soil rather than moisture available to plants.
(at Juuatinf waal ntttorologitel eonditioni. (b) 193-57, t5 ytor pt'xod. (c) Vl tchtdultd. (d) Cor
rected to natural (ion. (e) Atrial tno atpth gaft; Mfr content titivated, f) firport dtiaytd. (gi hot,
PPll or ISBfi rttordt of tnflot. (H) t'lathboardt tncrti$t capacity to 51J.0 ftf Uttr cwjlfn. Mrtlt
ottd. (j) Starttt turrtnt data, (t) Hot mrttytd. () 1M-57 Ad) uittd aitregt. ( ) Aitragt for
S or tmrt ftvt tn ii bur prnoa.
Brucellosis Cosfs Run
To $25 Million A Year
You Can't Argue with
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Klamath Falls, Ore. & Tulcloke, Calif.
2-4456 or 2-4SSS 667-5416
By GAYLORD P. GODWIN
WASHINGTON (UPD-The Ag
riculture Department said today
four out of five counties in the
United States are modified certi
fied brucellosis areas.
This is a record-high achieve
ment in the state-federal effort to
eradicate brucellosis, which costs
livestock producers about $25 mil
lion a year.
Counties are granted a modi
fied certified status when the dis
ease has been reduced to not
more than 1 per cent of the cat
tle and not more than 5 per cent
of the herds. Of the 2,529 certi
fied counties, 166 have gone on
to eradicate the disease and have
achieved a brucellosis free status.
Dr. C. K. Mingle, who heads
brucellosis eradication work for
the Agricultural Research Serv
ice, said the over-all incidence of
the disease in cattle has been re
duced more than 90 per cent since
1954.
The human form of brucellosis
is undulant fever. These cases
once were reported by the thou
sands each year. Now they are
at an all-time low. Mingle said
fewer than 500 were reported in
19(12. He forecasts even fewer
leases of undulant fever in 1963
In a parallel effort to eradicate
this disease from swine, Dooly
County. Georgia, became the na
tion's first validated brucellosis
free area in June. 1962. Califor
nia followed this achievement by
starting the nation's first exten
sive area eradication program
against swine brucellosis.
All breeding swine in 17 North
ern California counties are being
blood tested. Of these, 10 counties
have been validated brucellosis
free. This new stale-federal effort
against swine brucellosis will em
brace all California counties by
June 30, 1965.
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RANCH WHOLESALE
In eradicating brucellosis from
cattle last year, five additional
states were certified. These were
Arkansas, California. Missouri,
South Carolina, and Virginia.
Presently, 31 states, Puerto
Rico, and the Virgin Islands are
certified. For the first time in
the history of brucellosis eradica
tion, the Western range country
has qualified some areas as brucellosis-free.
Utah has nine free
counties, Idaho one, and other
Western states are moving in the
same direction.
The Agriculture Department
has established at its experiment
center at Beltsville, Md., a pio
neering research laboratory to
conduct basic research to learn
how growth-regulating compounds
and hormones atfect plants. Dr.
John W. Mitchell, a plant physi
ologist, has been named leader of
the new lab.
A wide range of practical uses
for growth-regulating compounds
in agriculture has been developed
in recent years, for example, to
kill weeds, thin tree fruits, stimu
late root cutting, improve fruit
set and size, and speed up or re
tard growth of ornamentals. Some
scientists believe it may be pos
sible to improve palatability and
nutritive value of certain food
plants.
Despite progress, scientists do
not fully understand how chemi
cal regulators, hormones, and dis
ease-controlling compounds work.
The new laboratory has been or-
canized to fill this gap. The im
mediate aim of Mitchell and as
sociated scientists will be to learn
how a plant moves a chemical
or hormone applied to one site to
a specific site from leaf to root,
for example where an initial re
sponse occurs.
Then, they will determine tne
kind of chemical reaction that
takes place within the plant, how
enzyme activity may be altered,
and how growuS is speeded up or
retarded. In doing so, they will
analyze effects of the chemical
or hormone on both individual
cells and the plant as a whole.
Insects Now
Getting Busy
Insects that damage or destroy
crops and home gardens will soon
he as busy as the home gardeners.
This means that many a home
gardener will be starting his pro
gram of controlling these pests
with sprays or dusts.
It also brings a reminder from
J. D. Patterson, chief chemist with
the Oregon Department of Agri
culture, that pesticides can be safe
if directions for their use are fol
lowed carefully.
He points out that the manufac-1
hirers of these chemicals havci
spent many hours in research to
determine the amounts to be used
and precautions that need to be
taken in handling pesticides.
Patterson says this information
is all found on tlic label and
should be followed exactly w ith no!
variations.
He suggests this check list for
all persons working with pesti
cides:
1. Always read the label before
using.
2. Alyvays store in original con
tainers. 3. Keep out of reach of children,
pets and irresponsible people.
4. Wear mask and protective
clothing when directed on label.
5. Wash contaminated clothing;
before re-use.
fi. Avoid smoking while using.
7. Avoid spilling.
8. Wash hands after using.
9. Cover food and water con
tainers around areas to be
sprayed.
JO. Dispose of empty containers
safely, so they are out of reach of
children, pets or farm animals.
11. Use as directed so resulting
crop meets residue tolerances, if
there is a residue. I
Nitrogen and phosphorus appli
cations will increase barley yields
and affect protein content only
under certain conditions in the
Klamath Basin, according to a
team of OSU research and exten
sion workers.
Two conditions are previous
crop and quality of irrigation.
Working on the project were Gene
Gross, superintendent, Klamath
Experiment Station, and Howard
Cushmun and W. J. Jendrzejew
ski of the OSU Extension Service.
On the basis of one year's
work, overall results can be sum
marized:
If irrigation is both uniform
and adequate, barley following
either a good stand of legume or
potatoes will probably not respond
to applications of nitrogen. In
most cases there will be enough
carryover of nitrogen and phos-
pnorus :or barley. However, in
some cases where rates of nitro
gen on potatoes have been low or
excessive irrigations have
leached out nitrogen, some re
sponse from low nitrogen rates
applied to barley has been ob
served.
Response To Nitrogen
Barley following another grain
will respond to nitrogen. Phos
phorus response will depend on
the level of P in live soil, which
can be measured by a soil test.
Thirty pounds of nitrogen per
acre increased yields almost a
half ton, as did 40 pounds of
phosphorus. An additional 30
pounds of nitrogen increased
yields another 500 pounds. Band
ed phosphorus increased yields
by 250 pounds per acre more than
broadcast phosphorus where soil
test values for P were low.
Excessive (above 30 Ibs.-A) ni
trogen raised the protein con
tent above 12 per cent where bar
ley followed either a legume or
potatoes. W here barley followed a
grain, protein content was be
tween 10 per cent and 12 per cent
for all levels of nitrogen added.
Quality of irrigation affected
barley yields, regardless of prior
cropping. Where irrigation appli
cations were both uniformly ap
plied and sufficient, yields per
acre were nearly a ton higher
than where water was either in
sufficient or not applied uniform
ly-
Protein Content Affected
Quality of irrigation also affect
ed protein content. Where water
was applied uniformly and was
sufficient, protein content re
mained between 10 per cent and
12 per cent. When water was not
sufficient, protein content was ei
ther below 10 per cent or above
12 per cent, depending on when
a lack of water occurred. If in
sufficient water was applied early
in the season, protein content
remained below 10 per cent, par
ticularly if barley followed a grain
crop, If insulficient water was
applied late in the season, pro
tein content usually was above 12
per cent.
The workers explain that suf
ficient water is needed at all
times to use nitrogen efficiently.
If water is lacking early in the
season, nitrogen win not gel inio
thc soil; if it is lacking late in
the season, nitrogen already there
will tend to "burn" the crop-
Increasing the protein content. If
irrigations are not unilorm, pro
tein content will fluctuate widely
within a field
Regardless of prior cropping
and quality of irrigation applica
tions, low yields were obtained
on saline and alkaline soils. Soils
with a pH value of 8.6 pro
duced low barley yields in spite
of fertilizer and proper water ap
plications, confirming a fact most
farmers already know. Other soils
studied had a pH range of 6.3 to
7.9. and responded to both fertiliz
er and irrigation treatments.
The 1962 trials were established
because in the hot summer of
1961 much of the barley crop in
Klamath County missed malt
ing quality due to high protein
content. Trials from which the
above results were obtained were
conducted on fields belonging to
eight cooperating farmers. Ferti
lizer dealers cooperated by pur
chasing irrigation moisture slakes
and "reading'' the stakes at speci
fic times throughout the season.
Prior Cropping Listed
Prior cropping of the eight
farms included potatoes, clover.
and grain. Fertilizer rates tested
were 0. 30, 60, and 90 pounds.
N-A and sufficient phosphorus to
show a response if one was pos
sible 40 pounds per acre. Phos
phorus was either banded or
broadcast, so that a comparison
of type of phosphorus application
was possible. One of the side ben
efits was to calibrate soil test
values with phosphorus response.
Thus, from knowledge of local
soil test values more precise phos
phorus recommendations are now
available for the area.
Fluoridation
Report Given
CHICAGO (UPD-Tlie Ameri
can Dental Association says a re
cent government report shows
that more than 51 million Ameri
cans were drinking fluoridated
water as of Dec. 31, 19K2.
Communities with controlled
fluoridation at that date num
bered 2.317 wilh a population of
nearly 44 million. More than 4.000
communities had natural or con
trolled fluoridation.
Welding Goods
On Increase
CHICAGO (UPII Welding will
become the number one method
of joining metals, and the busi
ness of providing welding equip
ment and supplies will double, in
less than a decade, according to
Chemetron Corporation. Today's
wider uses include welding of au
tomobiles, bridges, and even
buildings and toys.
SUMMER
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Tulclake, Calif.
667-5416
QUACK MSS
Canada Thistle, White Top
CYTROL Amitrole-T, the new liquid formulation
based on Amino Triazole, does an outstanding
control job on these three weed pests
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Quack grass is the Number 1 weed pest in the Klamath Basin.
And -CYTROL Amitrole-T is the Number 1 quack grass killer
recommended by authorities.
It has consistently given effective control where other materials
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CYTROL sprayed on the foliage gets into quack grass and other
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TU 2-5548