PAGE S-A
HERALD
fcdihftiaL (paqsL
The
There has been a great deal of discussion
; of late over the use of pesticides and their in
' fluence on agriculture, wildlife, and human
ljfe. And It is certainly important that this
,. problem be placed in its proper perspective.
Pesticides, which come in both sprays and
dusts, are essential to modern agricultural
production. They prevent pest damage of po
tentially staggering dimensions. Yet like so
many other valuable things they can be
harmful when misused, a truism that could
be applied with equal force, say, to automo
biles, power saws, alcohol, guns, etc.
The National Agricultural Chemicals As
sociation, in cooperation with other interest
ed parties, has established a code, of safe pro
cedure. It stresses that the labels on pesticide
containers should be read and followed before
'each use; that all cautions and warnings
' should be rigorously observed; that the pesti
cides should be stored under lock and key,
The nation's liberals like to think that
they, better than most others, apply history's
lessons to the present. But often they seem
forgetful of differences between the past and
today.
From the moment President Ken
nedy took office in 1961 many liberals began
chiding him for not shoving Congress around
or going "over its head" to the people in dra
matic appeals for action.
Now liberal journals like the New Repub
lic are after him afresh. Uncomplimentary
parallels are drawn between him and such "ac
tivist presidents as Andrew Jackson, Woodrow
Wilson, the two Roosevelts. The F.D.R. era
of the radio "fireside chats" Is of course a
great bench mark for the liberals.
But are the parallels valid?
Earlier presidents, even Franklin Roose
velt, operated in times when major problems,
whether foreign or domestic, stood above thee
horizon like mountain peaks.
Today Americans are drugged and dulled
by problems. Soviet soldiers stand In Cuba.
Governments totter In Argentina, Syria, Iraq.
Communists push hard in Laos. Nuclear test
talks wither again. Riots flare in Birming
ham. High unemployment lingers in many
places.
Not only are the problems numberless,
but their shock if any Is absorbed by a na
tion whose basic tone is prosperous well-being.
Thus again is the impact deadened. To mil
lions, the difficulties do not quite seem real.
Furthermore, the problems develop in
the context of a government, an economy and
a social structure so massive and glacial that
moving any part of these more than inches
seems often nearly impossible.
IN WASHINGTON . . .
By RALPH de TOLEDANO
Six days before President Ken
nedy admitted to the American
people that tlie Soviets had Im
planted medium and Intermediate
range missiles in Cuba, White
House aide McGeorge Bundy (con
sidered by many the real Sccie
tary of State) told a TV audi
ence that "there Is no present
likelihood" that the Castro Com
munists and the Kremlin would
"altcmpt to install a major of
fensive capability" on the island.
Hie Stennls Committee, in its re
cent report on tlie Administra
tion's failure in Cuba, has listed
other damning instances ot Inac
curate reports to the American
people.
This is a small preamble to new
evidence, as well documented as
the nnccrid!culed reports that the
Soviets were sending troops, mis
siles, submarines, and heavy wea
pons to Cuba. This evidence comes
from thoroughly reliable sources
such as the Cuban Information
Service, the Citizens Committee
for a Free Cuba (with offices in
Washington's Albee Building), and
the Intelligence community in
general, it is an ncauy men ai
Central Intelligence Agency head
quarters which will sent It on with
a prayer to tlx Slato Detriment
and the W hile House. If past ex
perience Is any index, the prayer
will not be answered.
As I reported some eight months
ago, hundreds of Russians have
been working along a 12-mile
stretch of coast north of Banes
Bay where a "fishing port" (read:
submarine peni ' being construct
ed. Construction materials are un
loaded at oighi and transported
AND NEWS, Klamath Falli. Oregon
a
Proper Perspective
Mountain-Moving Chore
Cuba Buildup Continues
to areas so off-limits that no Cu
ban, whatever his rank, is per
mitted access.
At Nipe Bay. which is so deep
that a submarine can enter with
out surfacing, there is consider
able activity. Anti Castro agents
report "building which has re
quired much material, and heavy
machinery all kept covered with
tarpaulins, transHirted at night
by trucks which vanish into under
ground tunnels." Photographs
have been taken of Soviet suli
marinca at Nipe Bay.
One mile away from the Banes
B.iy off-limits area is the Cuntro
cicntas Riuas cave one of Cuba's
largest. Tlie cave has boon do
humidilicd. and great quantities ot
bulky "equipment" unidenti
fied is being slored tliere. At llol
guin, near Banes, tremendous
truck convoys have been mining
in and out and thousands of Rus
sians are quartered. Underground
sources quite casually rcler to
llolguin as a "missile base "
Near tlie U.S. Navy base at
Guantanamo. at Ballom, the Sovi
ets are constructing a tremendous
subterranean staging area. More
than ten radar antennae can be
seen jutting out of caverns In the
area, and Soviet military units
have imposed maximum security
measures.
Salvador I-ew. one of the first
Cubans to report the arrival of
missiles last August, cnnlirms tlie
existence of a long-range missile
base at Cienfuegns. Other mis
sile bases completed or under con
struction are reported at La Can
tera and La Cranja. In Havana
province, at Jibaeoa, tlie famous
lura caves have been converted
into missile installations. Accord
Monday. May 27, 1963
and kept out of the reach of children, animals,
and irresponsible people; and that empty con
tainers should be carefully and safely dis
posed of.
Also, the Association urges, users should
learn the basic ingredient in each of the dusts
or sprays used, along with the phone num-.
ber of the local Poison Control Center. There
are 497 of these centers in this country, aided
by an office of the U.S. Public Health Serv
ice. Pesticide manufacturers supply the center
with all medical information concerning their
products and the proper treatment in ease of
accident. And, 'to say the obvious, if over
exposure to a pesticide does occur, a physician
should be contacted at once.
The point is that the pesticides 'should be
used in the manner intended. Then their vir
tues will be maximized and their dangers minimized.
In F.D.R. 's first years, there were some
125 million Americans. His fireside chats
were not needed to stir people, but served to
reassure them. The people hardly needed
arousing, what with 16 million jobless in a 45-million-man
work force.
Today's America holds more than 185 mil
lion people, and 94 of every 100 employables
are working. Most are caught up in family
life and personal economic betterment.
Liberals say Kennedy should create com
motion and tension to move the big glacier.
Yet they admit it has been largely immobile
on the domestic front in the 18 years since
World War II, and has moved in foreign mat
ters only when war (Korea) or its threat (Cuba)
appeared.
The truth is, since the "great engine" or
postwar America took shape, no president has
known how to spark it to action in the full
sense. And in 1960 almost half the nation's
voters, opposing Kennedy for president, said
in effect that great action is not needed.
In these circumstances no one, liberal or
whatever, truly knows what condition short of
war would arouse Americans massively today.
Liberals guess wildly when they say urgent
words from Kennedy would galvanize millions
into pulsing effort.
The America of 1963 is a phenomenon no
activist president of earlier times ever
dreamed of. None tried to move so great a
mass. None gained big action when half or
more of the country wanted Inaction.
When Americans again want strong lead
ership, they will get it. But that guidance will
have to be something altogether new befit
ting a hugeness thus far not really mastered
by anyone at all.
ing to reliable estimates, more
than 2.0(10 cubic meters of concrete
have been poured into just one en
trance of tliese caves.
A rancher in Pinar del Rio pro
vince, quoted by the ultra-reliable
Kree Cuba News, stales: "Itockols
that American reconnaissance
planes phnlographed on the farm
of Uiis l.oH't . . . were moved
during the crisis last October and
hidden in Iis Portales cave on
La Guira farm . . . When the
missile site on Luis lipri's faim
was dismantled, peasants in the
area saw huge trucks, covered
with tarpaulins, traveling by night
to tlie La Guira farm . . . Los
Portales cave is a military zone
occupied exclusively by Russian
forces."
It should lie noted here that tlie
Stcnnis Committee report on tlie
Soviet arms buildup in Cuba
sharply criticized llie "Intelligence
community' for disregarding the
information brought out by Cuban
exiles "The analysis." says the
Slciiius irport. "were strongly in
fluenced by their philosophical
judgment that it would be con
trary to Soviet policy to introduce
strategic missiles into Cuba." This
same kind of "philosophical judg
ment" is still Winding the admin
istration. Tislay, Republicans like Repre
sentative James Bnttin and Rep
resentalivc John Rhodes almost
hopelessly point out tlie dangers of
this wishful thinking. Sadly
enough, when those new and never-removed
missiles are pointed at
tlie heart of America, those who
warned 'most earnestly ot the dan
gers w ill be as menaced as Secre
tary of Defense McNamara's slide
rule brigade.
'Just in Case
-it-', i
By SYDNEY J. HARRIS
In his recent attack on the
American education system (with
which I largely agree), Rob
ert Hutehins remarked the famil
iar fact that European students
of tlie same age and grade are
far more advanced academically
than their American counter
parts. This is certainly true, much of
the embarrassment of those of us
who have met European high
school or college students, and
have compared them to our own
native products.
Yet I wonder if a genuine su
periority exists in Uic European
system of education or if it is
simply the basic altitude of the
students themselves that makes
tlie decisive difference.
In Europe, being a student is
a privilege. School is a serious
matter, since without proper
schooling, the young person can
not ride up the social and eco
nomic escalator. It is the one feas
ible method of breaking out of
the more or less rigid caste sys
tem that still obtains in most
European societies.
Certainly, the children there
are no brighter; and I doubt that
the teachers are much more pro
ficient, if any. The chief differ
ence is one of motivation: they
are deeply motivated by econom
ic and social considerations thai
do not seem to carry as much
weight in our culture.
School in America is consid
ered largely a bore, a necessary
evil, a marking ot time until
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STRICTLY
PERSONAL
tests are passed and grades are
given and diplomas are Ward
edand "real life" then begins.
The waste that is so appalling
ly evident in other aspects of our
national life waste of food,
waste of resources, waste of prod
ucts through "planned obsoles
cence'" is as shockingly
obvious in our school systems.
Much high school work repeats
what should have been learned
in the upper primary grades,
and wasn't. Much college work re
peats what should have been
learned in the high school, and
wasn't. It the academic "wa
ter" were wrung out of our edu
cational system, tlie eight years
of high school and college could
easily be compressed into six.
Moreover, the boys who are now
being graduated from college are
being called up for military serv
ice, which adds perhaps another
three years lo their "prepar
ation" for adulthood. It is
liltlc wonder that they marry pre
maturely, when the vista aliead
seems so dark, so dull, so end
less, and so pointless.
Our intellectual and emotional
approach to schooling in Amer
ica is schizophrenic: on the one
hand, we believe ardently in the
importance of a "good educa
tion"; on tlie other hand, we are
impatient and contemptuous to
ward the works of the mind.
Until w resolve this split in
our national personality, our
schools will continue to be a
parody.
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era
A P. I T.AU
LETTERS
TO THE
EDITOR
Project
Let's make Klamath Kails
a beautiful city by starting a dan
delion campaign. If you have a
sprayer, get a can of spray and
contact everyone near you whose
yard needs spraying. G e t
acquainted with your neighbors.
When they find it's free, they only
have to put it on, Ihey will glad
ly cooperate, and you will be
well-paid when you see the re
sults. I am making North Ninth
Street my project and enjoy
meeting the people very much.
Mrs. Minnie S. Grizzle,
1127 Jefferson.
OTHER
EDITORS'
OPINIONS
Do We Need
Chemicals?
(Progressive Farmer)
We feci that Dr. R. D. Turk
of the school of veterinary medi
cine of Texas A & M has effec
tively stated the case for farm
chemicals.
Referring to current unfavor
able publicity about the "alleged''
effects of chemicals on people,
livestock, and wildlife. Dr. Turk
asks, "Do we need chemicals?"
In answer, he says, "If you
have ever seen a mangy bull,
sheep jplcsted with fleeceworms
or screwworms. or a cottonfield
stripped by loafworms and wee
vils, the answer must be. 'Yes.'
"Certainly chemicals are dan
gerous." he continues. "But so
are automobiles, airplanes, elec
tricity, and even taking a bath.
Last year twice as many people
were killed by aspirin as by ag
ricultural cliemicals. And the few
dozen people killed by chemicals
generally through misuse
doesn't begin lo cumpare with
41.000 people slaughtered by auto
mobiles last year."
QUESTIONS
AND
ANSWERS
Q Which Is regarded as the
world's most poisonous fungi?
A The death cup. a variety of
mushroom.
Q When was the great asphalt
lake In Trinidad discovered?
A-ln ISM by Sir Walter Ra
leigh. Q What country has the oldest
working clock?
A It is in Salisbury Cathedral.
England, and dates from :.
4 In Greek mythology who
were the Muses?
A The nine goddes.es of the
arts and sciences
Q What substance is an excep
tion tn the rule that nearly ail sol
ids expand when heated and enn.
tract when cooled?
A Rubber. H contracts when
heated.
9 What Is the sou then-most
point la the I niled Stales?
A The southernmost point is
now Kalae 'Sxith Cape' on Ha
waii Island. Hawaii, rci'lacio;
Cape Sable. Kla.
EDSON IN
Javits Resolution
Encourages Israel
By PETER EDSON
Washington Correspondent
.Newspaper Enterprise Assn.
W'ASHLNGTON (NEAl Now
that Winston Churchill is an hon
orary American citizen, he might
phrase it differently.
But before the war, whenever
lie visited the United States and
was asked what he thought about
independence for Ireland, he had
a stock reply:
"I never interfere in American
politics."
The inference, of course, was
that Irish-Americans were Irish
first and Americans second. But
now that Ireland has its freedom,
now that a McCormack and a
.Mansfield are in charge in Con
Kress and now that a Kennedy
in the While House is going to
visit Ireland, maybe the situation
has changed and can be joked
about safely.
Tlie situation does not seem to
have changed similarly with re-
spect to Israel, however. For Is
rael's independence is still a seri
ous American political issue. And
woe betide the American politi
cian who has a large Jewish vote
in his state or district if he does
not endorse full support for Israel.
This was re-emphasized the
other day when Sen. Jacob Jav
its, R-N.Y., introduced a resolu
tion urging the President to in
vite Britain, France and anybody
else interested to join with the
United States in a mutual defense
agreement with Israel and to pro
vide Israel with military and oth
er assistance necessary to main
tain its integrity.
Javits got nine other Republi
cans and two Democrats Doug
las of Illinois and Pastore of
Rhode Island to co-sponsor his
resolution, and there may be oth
ers, for it is simply good Ameri
can politics to go along with it.
The Javits resolution also in
cludes as beneficiaries any other
Middle East state willing to car
ry out its obligations under such
an agreement. But this is window
dressing. Israel would be the
principal, if not the only, benefi
ciary. Inclusion of Britain and France
in this resolution with tlie United
WASHINGTON REPORT . . .
Hungarian Policy
Changed Radically
By KII.TON LEWIS JR.
Secretary of State Dean Rusk
has been accused of gross decep
tion in his relations with Con
gressional leaders.
His actions strike at the very
"integrity" of the Executive
Branch, according to Senator
Thomas Dodd, influential Con
necticut Democrat.
Time alter time, members of
Congress have been assured that
Rusk planned no change in U.S.
policy toward the Captive Na
tions. Only last December, Dodd
and four colleagues wrote Rusk
asking that our U.N. delegation
lie instructed to "stand tirm" on
Hungary.
"We are deeply concerned,"
they wrote, "over recurring re
ports that the United States may
he considering a chance in at
titude toward the Hungarian
question on the UN agenda."
The Senators Dodd. McCar
thy. Keating. Mundt and Scott
were assured tlie reports were er
roneous. Tnen came the f ir s-t slult
in U.S. policy.
Tlie United Slates agreed to
dismiss Sir Leslie Munro of Aus
tralia as Siecial IN represenla
live on Hungary. Sir Leslie, who
had performed yeoman service
in his tireless efforts In win Hun
garian justice, was replaced by
Secretary General U Thant. a
Rurmese neutralist who prompt
ly made il known the Hungar
ian quotum was dead as far as
he was concerned. He then ab".
is'hsI the special UN broadcasts
to Hunuary. which often gave its
captive people the only non-Com-munist
news they received.
AltlHiuch Dodd and his col
leagues did not then know it. an
other U.S. policy had undergone
chance. American envoys becan
to mins'.e socially with their Hun.
carian counterparts. Tlie Stale
Department rationale: "It
served as an intelligence pipe
line into the Hungarian delega
tion "
SiMin even that preten-e was
dnp:vd Vice lreirient Lyndon
.h-iiiiMin was host to Hungarian
Ambassador Karo'.y Csaiorday at
his Texas ranch. LBJ and Ins
Lady Bird gaie Comrade Csator
day the red carpet treatment,
then rode w ith them and otner
IN envoys in a special parade
through San Antonio.
The policy shut now almost
complete. In a paper ptepaied
lor Congressional leaders, the
State Department has announced
that Ambassador Adlai Steven
son w ,H no longer oppose seating
the Hur.ganat. delegation
T':ie rcavirt KW and Com
pany have pnvlaimed an amncs
Iv for anti - Communist political
WASHINGTON
States as guarantors of Israel may
also be regarded as w indow dress
ing. It probably is being greeted
with bitter laughter in the other
Middle East states the Arab
countries which lemember only
too well that Britain, France and
Israel invaded Egypt in 1956. This
aggression, begun without notifica
tion was put down only by U.S.
insistence that it be stopped.
The necessity for the Javits res
olution may also be open to
question, for already on record is
the Tri-Partite Declaration of 1950,
in which Britain, France and the
United States guaranteed the sta
tus quo in the Middle East and
pledged action against any state
that violated the frontiers between
Israel and the Arab States, now
guarded by a U.N. patrol.
If it is maintained that this dec
laration w as reduced to the status
of a scrap of paper by the British-French-Israeli
invasion of 1956,
this, loo, has been corrected.
For on March 9, 1957, Congress
adopted a joint resolution authoriz
ing the President (Eisenhower at
the time) to co-operate with any
nation in the Middle East desir
ing to maintain its national inde
pendence. This was the beginning of the
present U.S. declared policy to co
operate with both Israel and the
Arab countries and to promote
their peaceful relations and devel
opment. President Kennedy emphasized
this policy In a recent press con
ference when he declared: '
"We support the security of both
Israel and her neighbors. We seek
to limit the Near East arms race
'which takes resources from an
area already poor. . . ."
"In the event of aggression . . ,
we would support appropriate
measures in tlie United Nations,
adopt other courses of action on
our own to prevent or put a stop
to such aggression, which, of
course, has been the policy the
United States has followed for
some time."
Since this statement seems lo
have satisfied Israel, it should sat
isfy Washington, too. Anything ad
ditional might only make a bad
situation worse.
prisoners. Hungarian refugees,
whose contacts behind the Iron
Curtain are remarkably good,
call the "amnesty" a sham.
Congressional reaction has been
violent. Senator Dodd, one of
the most eloquent foes of Com
munism in Washington, says the
shift comes close lo "destroying
the last hocs of the Captive Peo
ples." Representative Roman Pucin
ski. Illinois Democrat, is incred
ulous: "For anyone lo suggest that
the time has come for tlie United
Nations to accept the Kadar cre
dentials is to make a-mockery of
freedom, justice and human dig
nity." Note: One other statement is
now worth repeating: "The god
less tyranny that has fastened it
self on tlie great nations of East
ern Euroie on Hungary, on
Poland, on Czechoslovakia, on Ru
mania, on East Germany, on Bul
garia can never be overthrown
by an America working halftime.
"And it cannot be overthrown
by empty promises at election
time ... I say the people of
East Europe do not deserve to
be forcotten. And I say they won't
lie under a Democratic Adminis
tration. "We must make it clear to all
Ihe world thai we will never
accept as a final solution Soviet
colonialism in East Europe. We
must seek through positive action
in tlie United Nations to hold the
searchhcht of world opinion on
Sn-iet brutality."
Tlie speaker, John Kennedy. H u
srar.hlicht, apparently, has
burned out.
Almanac
By United Press International
Today is Monday. May 27. the
HTth day of lira with J18 to
follow.
The moon is approaching i'S
first quarter.
The morning stars are Venus,
Jupiter and Saturn.
The evening star is Mars
On this day in history:
In irM). Giuseppe Garibaldi in
vaded Sicily with l.ono "red
shirl" and captured Palermo in
his drive lo take over the king
d'ltn of Naples.
In pit?, a one week celebration
marked tlie opening of the Golden
Ga;e Bridge in San Francisco
Bay
In r.",4. more than lfK) crewmen
ere kiiled and Jul injured in an
explosion aboard the U S aircratt
carrier Benmncton off Rhode Island.