PACE I
HERALD A.VD NEWS, Klamath Falli, Ore.
Tuesday, May 14. 1063
THE GLOBAL VIEW
In Kremlin Underway
:;. Intolerable
The lives of many individual servicemen
not to mention the security of the country
may depend on the soundness with which mis
siles, planes, submarines and other defense
devices are put together.
Wouldn't you imagine, therefore, that
workmen and firms who turn these things out
would apply themselves to their tasks with
extreme care and high dedication?
Large numbers plainly do just that. But,
as we are learning from the inquiry into the
tragic case of the submarine Thresher, some
do not.
If ever a matter called for full congres
sional investigation, this would seem to.
Indeed, enough evidence of poor per
formance exists to suggest that we ought to
have a revival of the militant spirit which
characterized the Senate Preparedness sub
committee in wartime.
v And any probe should concern itself not
simply with what happened to the Thresher
ili . the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, but with
wjiat happens to other submarines and many
types of naval craft when they are being built,
overhauled or repaired.
: ; Some reports filtering out of these places
are pretty frightening. From one yard, a sub
marine commander examining repairs to his
ship's hull said:
(Register Guard, Eugene)
Thirty-six slates and nearly 2,000 cities
have retail sales taxes. These taxes, furth
ermore, are growing popular as governments
tecognize the relative case with which they
jre paid. So says a special survey in the New
Yprk Times.
In the last year and a half, four states
have increased their sales taxes. So have a
number of cities. The latest state to go to a
sales tax is West Virginia, a state generally re
garded as "depressed." One wonders what
the West Virginia legislators would say to
Oregon legislators who oppose a sales tax be
cause It allegedly hits the less fortunate.
:-; These other states, unlike Oregon, have
1-ealized that certain state obligations must be
met. They can be mot only if the money is
'raised. And it can be raised only if everybody
It's Your Money They're Using!
By Congressman John It. Pillion
New York
There are literally thousands o
areas of federal activity whore
shocking and massive wastages
repeatedly take place.
The General Account ing Oflicc
CiAO is an indeendcnt, non
political, and reliable source of
information on the fiscal and
management operations of federal
agencies. The GAO is directed by
tjfrc Comptroller General of tlie
tjnited States: he and his staff
arc performing a most valuable
public service in finding and dis
closing the inelficiencies. the mal
administration and the misman
agement that exist throughout
Uie huge federal bureaucracy.
GAO reports are based upon
Investigations, examinations, and
audits of federal agencies. It is
sues hundreds of reports annu
ally to the Congress, the President,
and various executive agencies.
These reports reveal a unilurm
attern of gross maladministra
tion and mismanagement that
permeate our federal operations.
Following aro fivo briefs ex
tiactcd from the Comptroller Gen
eral reports issued between Feb.
26 and Feb. 2(1, I9ta:
:in mil, U.S. military installa
tions in Japan were stalled by
alHiul 1.8ul Japanese nationals
in excess of accepted manning
guides, at an annual wasted cost
of fc.70P.oim.
Despite this overstalling. many
facilities had not been adequate
If maintained and large backlogs
of work had accumulated.
Part of this backlog, which
should bae been performed by
station forces, was performed un
der contract in fiscal year 11
at an additional cost of about
J4M.0O0.
IThe Comptroller General s Of
fice reported that the Army.
Navy, and Air Force had failed
to develop complete and valid
manning guides to maintain facil
ities ami oerate utilities in Ja
pan. The GAO cited inadequate nun
agement controls, inefficient use
o( personnel, lack of adequate
work standards and failure of
management personnel to proper
ly perform their duties, as con
tributing factors to this deplor
able situation.
yn I960, the U.S. Army incurred
.m unnecessary cost of K mil
lion to rebuild rubber tracks lor
tiilikj Uiat were allowed to de
teriorate. file deteriorations were caused
by tlie failure of Ui U.S. Army to:
Example Of Others
(a) issue and use the oldest
tracks first;
b furnish unused tracks to
manufacturers of new tanks;
(c protect the tracks by inside
storage.
The General Accounting Oldco
report states: "The management
weaknesses disclosed in this re
port on rubber tracks are the
type that could pertain to all of
tlie Army's replacement parts
which are subject to deteriora
tion." From April 1W0 to April l2,
103 10-lon crane shovels purchased
by the U.S. Army Engineers were
released for disposition. These
shovels had ail acquisition cost of
more than $2 million.
Twenty five crane shovels were
sold for C07.830, which cost (he
U.S. Army Engineers $341,300.
Eight crano shovels sold for
$".ooo, although their cost to the
U S. Government was $173,000.
A large portion of the shovels
were completely new, unused
shovels.
During Uie same period, t h e
U.S. Army Engineers sold $!.'i0.
(100 worth of repair parts for its
crane shovels.
While these new and service
able shovels and parts were be
ing given away or sold lor bar
gain prices, the U S. Army En
gineers had full knowledge of
their future needs for these shov
eis. A study by the U.S. Army
Engineers, dated April la. llHv!.
recommended the purchase of
several hundred similar shovels
lor tlie period 1W5 to l7, at a
cost of $12 million There have
been no technological improve
ments in these crane shovels and
none were expected in the near
future.
The comptroller's report de
scribes these transactions in tlie
following language: "Improvident
disposals," "undoubtedly result in
substantial waste." "inconsisten
cy indicates a lack of coordina
tion and control within the Corps
of Engineers."
In 1959. the U.S. Aimy En
gineers had l.tno 2.Vhorscpowrr
outboard motors on hand. These
wore completely new and unused
motors.
At tlie same time in 1939, tlie
U S. Army Engineers unnecessa
rily purcliasod 925 25-horscpower
motors, at a cost of iiTS.ouo
They also planned to purchase
5.V1 new 23-horscpowor motors to
replace new or slightly used mo
tors. There was no indication of tech
ncompetence
"That weld will never hold under pres
sure." You might as well send a plane up with
a gaping hole in the wing as take a subma
rine down with a weak spot in its hull.
Testimony already taken with respect to
the Thresher offers a considerable catalogue
of deficiencies, on the part of both naval yard
workmen and outside, private suppliers of
components.
Of the vessel's extensive system of hy
draulic valves, one in every five was original
ly installed backwards. The same thing hap
pened to the periscope mechanism. The rud
der complex, the air system and other ele
ments were defective at the outset.
Some of the proud working folk at Ports
mouth yard do not like to hear such criti
cisms. One called them "lumps. in the mashed
potatoes."
But when lives and the nation's safe
tyare involved, this is no time to invoke the
great alibi of the mid-20th century: "Only a
minority were responsible." A minority of
one can send a submarine to the bottom.
What goes on in naval construction is
only part of what may be a very large and
unhappy commentary on certain elements in
American labor and management. The
Thresher disaster suggests, however, that this
is the place to begin digging.
in the state pays his fair share. They know,
as Oregon legislators apparently do not, that
in any state there are only so many rich peo
ple. They can be soaked just about so far,
and then they, too, dry up without adding
enough to the state treasury. Furthermore,
confiscatory taxation directed at the well-off
tends to isolate those people, and they are the
ones a state needs to keep its head above
water.
There is just a chance, thanks to the Sen
ate, that Oregon voters may express them
selves on a sales tax a year from next fall
for the first time in 20 years. As they con
template, they should ask themselves why
Oregon must slip into second rate position be
cause of legislative superstition about a
sales tax. Why, indeed, are the progressive
states, which are meeting their problems,
"out of step" with Oregon?
nical obsolescence of the 1,400
new motors on hand.
The comptroller's report refers
to these transactions as: "Un
necessarily bought." "We recom
mend no further disposal of IV
horscpowcr motors for which
there is a foreseeable need."
From July 1939 to September
1980, the U.S. Army Engineers
sold .116 30-kilowalt generators in
excellent or in good condition at
an average price of $150 a genera
tor. At the same time, it purchased
a larger number of 45-kiloalt
generators at a replacement cost
of $4,879 each.
Tlie 30 kilowatt generators
were, at the period, classilied by
the U S. Army Engineers as ac
ceptable substitutes for the 45
kilowatt generators.
The cost of the new 45-kilowatt
generators lor which the U.S.
Army Engineers had acceptable
substitute 30-kilowatt generators
was $1,300,000.
In lotio, the Navy was dispos
ing of lo-kilowatt generators as
excess. At the same time, the
U S. Army Engineers were pur
chasing new generators at a cost
of $1,300 each. Tlie Comptroller
General's Office found that the
capacity and specifications of the
Navy generators being sold were
the same as those that the U.S.
Army Engineers were purchasing
Appropriations and taxins power
is vested in Congress by our
Constitution and the executive de
vilment is charged with the re
sponsibility lor the elficient ad
ministration anil management of
public funds. I emphasue that
Irresponsible dissipation of I a x
funds has existed and grown over
many past administrations. But.
today's rampant administrative
fiscal abuses and mismanage
ments are the prime responsibil
ity of today's executive depart
ment and its administrative nlli
cials. Rased upon tlie reports of (he
Comptroller General of the United
Males, 1 am convinced (ha( the
wastages and squandering of pub
lic funds in the executive depart
ment exceed $5 billion annually.
This enormous saving could lie
realued without in any way re
ducing our military power, or sac
rificing any present public serv
ice This sorely needed liscal relief
(or our economy and our taxpay
ers cannot be gained without a
clear, immediate public demand
and Hie coordinated efforts ol the
Congress ami tlie executive department.
By SYDNEY J. HARRIS
A young woman of my acquain
tance who is learning English dur
ing her first year in this country
asked me the other day, "If 'was'
is a singular verb, and 'were' is
a plural verb, why do we say
'you were' when talking about
only one person? Shouldn't it be
'you was.'?"
This is one of the troubles in
learning so flexible, so sprawling
and so illogical a language as
English. "You was" is today con
sidered the depth of ignorance
and illiteracy, nn outrageous
breach of grammar. And it would
surprise most people to learn it
w-as not always so.
"You were" is a matter of cus
tom, not of grammar at all. The
locution "you was" may be found
in many of the best I8th Century
writers. Fielding's classic "Tom
Jones" has all its characters
lords, lawyers, preachers and
teachers saying "you was."
None of them ever says "you
were."
Cowper. 1763, begins one of his
letters, "I am exceedingly
obliged to you for the letter with
which you was so kind (0 favor
me." And Byron, as late as the
coniHisiton ol "Don Juan," used
the line: "You was not last
year at the fair of Lugo."
Most of the "purest" writers of
the 18th Century followed this
practice Addison. Pope. Swift
and Horace Walpulc. What hap
iened. however, was that in sub
sequent editions tlie editors al
tered "you was" to "vou were"
Actress
ACROSS
Actrfii.
Reynold!
Sh la t -
49 German title o(
courtesy
V) Unclose (poet.)
S.I Console
55 She 11 alio
s.7 Trapper
50 Pulls up
SB Taut
ot note
Oleic irid ester
Song bird
Leasehold ristlt
losseo main
Danish county
60 Mend I Shot
DOWN .
ror tear inai
Biblical nam
Mimical
1 r'emlnine
appellation
2 Klementary
lab I
S Tendencr
4 Baseball club
5 European
nation
6 t -amfirey
lihunuQ
7 Kathinn
. Anser
9 Finer
10 Incite
11 Otherwise,
li Rota by
exposure
Instrument
I-artd mi aaurs
Transaction!
Moist
King of Juiiah
Hibl
Violations
Maia
Rat
I'ndrdlM
male shwD
Kosin
DfVOlfM
rrfpcaiiion
Anchor
Nsulicsl trm
I 12 II 14 IS 16 I 17 IS 19 jlO III 112
il Ti
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il IiT 19 11 20
IT U 125 r""""l2(i p "28 129 bo
H 32 33 ""134 3a
38 13 40 r !
2 J3 4 43 4 a 4
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53 I a4 """ 55 66
1 n mi M I 1 1 L
STRICTLY
PERSONAL
in order (0 conform to modern
usage. All editions of "T 0 m
Jones" published in the last cen
tury made these changes.
When the pronoun "thou" be
gan to be abandoned in favor of
"you." the word "you" was con
sidered as singular where only
one persons was concerned Hol
lowing "thou wast"). "Was you"
referred to one person; "were
you" to two or more.
Before the 17th Century, "thou"
was the singular pronoun, and
"you" was the plural only. When
the former was dropped, "you"
came to have too much work to
do. and thus was weakened by
overwork. The Southern expres
sion "you-all" sounds ridiculous
and affected in the North, but
it is psychologically understand
able as a means of distinguishing
between the singular and the
plural "you."
If English grammar were logi
cal, for instance, singular verbs
would not end in "s" ("he looks"!,
while the plural would not he
without the "s" C'they look"),
language will never be amenable
to logic because, as someone has
said, people began talking before
lliey began thinking.
QUESTIONS
AND
ANSWERS
Q How close to the United
Rtatrs does Cuba lie?
A Some 90 miles soulhuest of
Key West. Fla.
SI itch
Drops of ty
fluid
Command
Fanon
Helntr (ab )
Solitary
EnthuiiaitiG
ardor
Prov
Eieht (comb.
Halt
Solar disk 44
Meaiurt of land 45
Black: bird 4A
Ocn 47
movement 48
Roof fintal
Irnlonfmni ot 49
Mindanao 50
Of nomination
Craft.
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form
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prh incl
forml
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C.atltr
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National
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IAnawtr to Previous Putil
42
:
LETTERS
TO THE
EDITOR
Cat Problem
I have read several articles
about someone's pet cat getting
killed and just left lying there.
How do people know that it's a
pet or a stray? This last week
end my little granddaughter went
out to play and a cat bit her. Is
there a cat owner that would ad
mit that it might be their cat?
No! But if I would destroy that
cat someone would scream.
This child suffers from shots
given to her because of this bite.
She can hardly walk and the
shots have made her cross. She
sulfers because it seems that pets
are more important than children.
I've been told nothing can be
done about this, unless a human
life has been taken. It's too late
then; the cat owners don't suffer
from this, someone else docs.
I asked several neighbors why
this hasn't been reported before
now. Tlie answers I got were.
What's the use? They won't do
anything about it. That I have
found out. When pets get to be
more important than children, I
say let the pets mn the town and
the people move out. If you cat
owners think you get hurt when
your pet gets killed, just watch
a child cry when it tries to walk
from shots it had to take because
of a cat bite.
This town is being overrun by
eats and it's said. "There's noth
ing you can do." 1 assume we
are supposed to keep our children
in the house and let the cats have
the run of the neighborhood. The
cat owners love their cats but
they sure don't love tlie responsi
bility that tliey cause other peo
ple. People just aren't that "big."
If you kill one of their cats
then they will show you how big
they are. I might be walking on
someone's Iocs but mine have al
ready been walked on.
Wanda Barnelt,
415 Upham.
Al
manac
By United Press International
Today is Tuesday, May 14. the
134th day of 19R.1 with Jit to
follow.
The moon is approaching its
last quarter.
The morning stars are Venus,
.lupiter and Saturn.
The evening star is Mars.
On this day in history:
In 1804. explorers Lewis and
Clark set out on their expedition
to the Pacific Coast.
In IMS. Filipinos ratified the
constitution of the Philippines Re
public in a special election.
In 1948. the state of Israel was
officially born as Britain ended
her 31-year rule in Palestine 'Tie
date is April 29 under the Hebrew
calendar.
In 12, Moslem gunmen killed
IT Europeans as renewed fighting
broke out between Algerian Na
tionalists and French forces
A thought for the day-Bnlih
statesman Arthur James Balfour
said: "Biography should be writ
len by an acute enemv."
By LEON DENNEN
NEW YORK i.NEA) With
Nikita Khrushchev in his Tilth
year, the struggle for succession
in the Kremlin is well under
way.
The Russians even have a short
hand expression for the struggle.
"Kto Kovo." Literally, who gets
whom: figuratively, who will out
wit or destroy his rival in the
ruling Communist Party.
This contest has been a grim
reality in Soviet politics ever
since Lenin created the Red dic
tatorship in 1917. Khrushchev, a
tough conspirator trained in Sta
lin's harsh school, was never
spared the intrigues that periodi
cally have rocked the Kremlin.
.Nevertheless, specialists on Rus
sia see tricky Kikita's own fine
hand behind the new rash of ru
mors that he will announce his
retirement as premier and secre
tary of the Russian Communist
Party at tlie Central Committee
meeting scheduled for May 28.
There is no doubt that many
top ranking bureaucrats in the
party and in the Red army find
little that pleases them in the
balance sheet of Khrushchev's
10-year rule.
Russia has made spectacular
advances in the conquest of space
and in the development of nu
clear weapons, but the econom
ic and agricultural results of
Khrushchev's stewardship have
been conspicuous failures.
More important, his personal
leud with Red China's Mao Tse
tung has caused havoc in t h e
ranks of international Commu
nism which threatens to destroy
the Red monolith.
But while Khrushchev may
be in trouble, he is not yet on
the way out. A shrewd and
tricky politician, he knows how
to make his enemies pay for
his mistakes. The Soviet pre
mier's legs may be short but
they are sturdy and firmly plant
ed on the slippery floor of the
Kremlin. He has outwitted and
outmaneuvered his rivals in the
past and there is little likelihood
that he will relinquish power with
out a fight.
What, then, is behind Khru
shchev's broad hints that he is
"old, mortal" and ready to lay
down his burden? He is obvious
ly aware that any suggestion of
his retirement or even partial
withdrawal from the conduct of
By FI LTOX LEWIS JR.
The return to Cuba of three sab
oteurs and one killer could not
persuade Fidel Castro to (rce Ra
fael del Pino, an American citi
zen who rots today in a Cuban
prison.
Twenty s i x Americans were
freed in the latest "deal" ncgo
gotiatcd by New York lawyer
James Donovan. Despite the fact
that Castro got hack his four
"political prisoners," he would not
free Del Pino.
W hy, no one is sure. Del Pino
is an old acquaintance of Cas
tro's who was his sidekick in
the bloody Bogota riots in 1S48.
At that time an attempt was
made to take the life of the U.S.
Secretary of State, George Mar
shall. Del Pino later broke with Cas
tro and became an American
citizen. A pilot, he flew on nu
merous occasions into Cuba smug
gling weapons to anti - Castro
forces there. On one such flight,
his small, one-engine plane was
shot down and he was captured.
Only last month Castro refused to
let him return to the United
States.
Del Pino is not. however, the
only American to remain in Cuba.
An untold number n Yankees
now call Havana their home,
many of them working for the
Castro regime.
Tlie latest American to re
nounce his homeland (or Cuba
is Georce Eisen. a physician
whose defection was announced
Feb. 18 by Radio Havana. The de
fection came as nn surprise to
security officials of the U.S. Gov
ernment, for Eisen and his wife.
Ruth, have long histories of left
wing activity.
Early in 1959. the Eisens left
for Europe, then vanished behind
the Iron Curtain. They returned
to the states, then lelt a year lat
er for anolher trip to the work
ers' paradise. Little was heard
Irom them until they showed up
in Cuba after leaving Czrchosliv
vokia
Warsaw - tvrn George Eisen
rame to the United Mates in 1921
al age 7 and became a U S. citi
zen in IMS. He graduated from
tlie University of California med
ical school in 19.1a.
He met Ruth Masnes Popper.
Ine years hu senior. In tiiove
days Ruth was establishing a
name for herself in tlie far left
wing circles of San Francisco.
Russia's affairs is bound to cause
world-wide speculation about his
successor among friend and foe
alike.
The Soviet premier, noted for
his sense of humor, gave part
of the answer when he recently
told an East European diplomat:
"It is good to keep our friends
and enemies a little in suspense.
I find it most interesting to read
their speculations."
But a weightier reason (or
Khrushchev's hints of voluntary
abdication, according to sicciai
ists on Russia, is his aim to im
press tlie Free World that he is
the indispensable man of peace.
It is another typical Khrushchev
maneuver to gain easy conces
sions from the West. The Soviet
premier in effect warns the Free
World: ".Make concessions now
because my successor may not
be as committed to peaceful co
existence as I am."
Is it, then, worth paying tlie
price in concessions to keep Khru
shchev, the "man of peace," in
power in Russia?
Such a policy has long been
urged in the West by inliuential
members of the British Labor
Party, including Harold Wilson
who is likely to be the prime
minister after the next British
general election.
In the United States. Sen. .1. W.
Fulbright, D-Ark., chairman of
the Senate Foreign Relations
Committee, suggested recently
that the West should seek in every
way to encourage Russia to per
severe in the "more moderate"
course of Premier Khrushchev.
"Powerful forces for change are
at work within the Soviet Union,"
Fulbright declared at Tufts Uni
versity. He said Russian society
and its economy are becoming
too complex to be completely con
trolled by a centralized dictator
ship. This trend, together wiLh
the West's growing strength,
might provoke Soviet leaders
into an act of desperation.
Fulbright therefore warned
strongly against those in the West
who would proclaim "total vic
tory" against communism as the
Free World's aim.
Perhaps the chairman of the
Senate Foreign Relations Com
mittee has never heard Premier
Khrushchev's favorite proverb
about the man who has "honor
and neace on the ton of his
tongue, and a knife under it."
WASHINGTON REPORT . . ,
Americans Continue
Ranting In Havana
Early in the 1940s she registered
as a Communist with the registrar
of voters in San Francisco.
To their credit, both Eisens
served honorably in World War
II, George in tlie Pacific theater,
Ruth as a member of the W ACS.
After the war. however, the
pair resumed their flirtation with
Marxism. They were seen at
meetings of tlie East Bay Council
of tlie Arts, Sciences and Profes
sions, and George was chairman
at some of those affairs. That
group has been labeled a Com
munist front by two separate com
mittees of Congress.
The Eisens were active in the
Progressive Party, cited by a
House committee as one of tlie
"Largest and most successful
lionts ever created by the Com
munists." Their background is similar in
many ways to that of two other
Calilornians. David and Betty Mi
chael, who delected to Cuba last
year. The Michaels had been ac
tive in San Francisco Commu
nist fronts before they took their
children to Cuba via Mexico.
It is a motley collection of psy
chopaths, criminals and starry
eyed Marxists who make up
most of Havana's American col
ony. The leader of that group is
Robert Williams, wanted on a kid
napping charge in this country.
He broadcasts tiradrs over Ra
dio Havana against the "Fasci--'
dogs" who run this government
Jose Santiago, a New York dia
mond cutter, left for Cuba when
his wile was deported lor Com
munist activities in 1939. An ad
mitted Communist, he works on
tlie eampaisn to "liberate Puerto
Rico."
The dauuhter of an American
minister. Barbara Collins, defect
ed to Cuba when Senate investi
gators sought to question her
about the pro-Communist Fair
Play for Cuba Committee. She is
known as "beardless Barbara"
for her Tokyo Rose-style broad
casts to this country.
At least two defectors recently
returned to the United States. Jn
North, a top-ranking Communist,
now speaks on Cuba before leit
wing groups in this country.
Joseph Morray. a professor who
left the University of California
lcvause ol "conscience." returned
home from Cuba recently. He has
been subpoenaed by the House
UnAmencan Activities Committee.