fcdtijfoiaL (paqsL
Reasonably Effective
The ironies in the realm of national af
fairs are sometimes incredible. Take this one:
There is an outfit called the Council of
Slate Governments, whose whole purpose is to
make the 50 states more effective instruments
;of government.
The Council has various arms the
Governors' Conference, the National Assoc
iation of Attorneys General, the General As
sembly of States (made up of slate legisla
tors), and so on.
All these working arms are designed to
heighten the grasp of state and local prob
lems by slate officials, to encourage solu
tions below the federal level, to promote in
terstate cooperation where that seems sen
sible. Where these techniques work well, the
net effect can only be to hold back new en
. largements of federal power,
j ' The Irony is that an agency such as the
; council, thus dedicated to the preservation
!and Improvement of state authority, should
; be under some assault as "communistic."
I Normally the 50 states almost automati
cally vote their annual appropriations in sup
port of the council and its various arms. This
year one western state was diverted only at
the last minute from a plan to bar the usual
funds. Suspicions of communism explained
the nearly successful maneuver.
IN WASHINGTON
ft
By RALPH df TOLEDANO
l( Secretary of Defense Mc
Namara's military policy can he
mimmcd up, it culls for: A dras
tic reduction of the Air Force
(, -Mid an eventual elimination of
the Strategic Air Command', a
small Navy built around the Po
laris armed submarine, and the
Intercontinental Ballistic Missile
as the mainstay of our defenses.
Mr. McNamara hones that his
i tidy package will cost far less
In the king run than the Ei
senhower concept of balanced
forces. ( In fact, as we have seen
in the TFX case, it will cost
far more if only because the
Defensa Secretary believes thai
Ins "rouRh judgments" are su
perior to the careful estimates
of trained military personnel.)
Cost aside, the McNamara policy
rails for a r I g i d reliance on
ICBMs locked underground in
tlieir immovable concrete silos.
On paper, this makes as much
sense as did the Maginot Line
Ahich France's leaders insist
ed would keep tlie (iermans at
bay for all lime. The Maginot
Line, behind which France slept,
was considered impregnable. It
included every gimmick and gad
get of underground defense. And
actually it did not succumb In
frontal attack. The Germans sim
ply sliced around one flank.
Tie error of Maginot - Line
thinking is that it is based on a
theory that military strategy ran
lie worked out on paper like a
mathematics problem. One wea
pons system, thcrelnre. is always
ferind which will presumably
sen for all eventualities. Mr.
MiNamara's demand for a TFX
to serve the incompatible functions
of Air Force and Navy, in order
to simplify his bookkeeping, is of
a piece with this psychology.
The. military analysts and plan
ners, however, reaiize that flex
ibility and variety are the only
bases for an adequate defense
policy. The enemy may not want
to trade blows with K'HMs. He
may develop new weapons or
improve old ones which are not
subject to attack or retaliation
from underground ICBM silos.
The manned system of air defense
Is the only answer to shifting ene
my concepts. And it is the manned
(yslems which Secretary McNa
mara is doing away Willi as
rapidly as he can.
". ih need (or manned air and
dirospaca craft has been pointed
ofit succinctly and eloquently by
Dr. James D. Atkinson, a re
search associate of Admiral At-
leigh Burke's Center for Strategic
Studies at Georgetown I'niversi
ty. Dr. Atkinson is also presi
dent of the American Military
Institute. In the newsletter of the
American Security Council, he
notes some of the reasons which
make manned craft of vital im
portance In tlx earth's air space
or beyond.
One of the major advantages
of manned craft is Its "controlled
Manned Systems Needed
launch." That means that It can
he sent aloft and toward its tar
get "in response to a low-grade
equivocal warning, and can lie
later recalled." The "go" signal
for ICBMs can be given only
when it is absolutely certain that
the U.S. is under attack, which
drastically cuts down warning
retaliation time to minutes ami
seconds. If there are unverified
warnings, the U S. must sit still
where ICBMs are concerned. But
it could send its manned craft
speeding toward the target with
orders not to attack until there
was verification.
Manned aircraft systems serve
another purpose. Just as the Brit
ish navy won diplomatic victories
by showing the flag, manned air
power provides an opportunity for
a show of force which ran lie a
very successful deterrent. "The
display of strength through the
deployment of obvious military
power has a psycho-political val
ue w hlch can scarcely he obtained
Irom missiles buried deep in the
ground," Dr. Atkinson notes. Any
kind of mobilization that can bo
observed by the enemy is more
Musically Inclined
ACROSS
1 "Down by the
MiU
Stream"
4 "Golu
'Round My
Tinner"
B Carnegie
12 Mafculme
31 Mock
M Lone Scout
Scribe lab.)
37 Soak! flax
sg Epic poetrv
40 lateral part
41 Knock
42 Run away
4-S Requiring
49 Deviation
51 Poetic
appellation
13 Martian icomb.
forml
14 Curved molding
15 Girl's nam
IS Iratribihly
IS stranjenel
20 Fm-eun'.erj
21 Repltra
22 Riietiall
refereea lab.)
24 Snake
charmer's
rlarmet
SS Uibliral name
27 Mineral annng
.to Click beetle
32 Prnaeil
contraction
52 Roman road
53 Verbal
54 Broadway sign
55 Fosrl
f S Cane
57 Kind of rope
DOWN
1 Hodgepodge
2 Grant use
3 Sponges Mlang)
4 Pricea
5 Angers
fl Centaur
7 Obtained
M Sip trfth
I Sharreni rirof
I 12 13 I U lb 16 p I 18 19 no 111
l 13 u
15 16 iT
TS 19 "72(3
1 i I '
IT r IT a
7T a k t "
33 3i Iz jj
3? 15
35 r-jf is
40 41
T" 7T 17" " y "'' 5 46 47 43
49 50 " 51
52 53 54
S5 - -j
I I I I I I I I I I I I ii
Barriers
Certain extreme right-wing writers and
publications profess to see in the council and
related agencies some sort of insidious master
effort to communize America below the fed
eral level. The argument seems to be that
the ftcds ply their trade not just in Wash
ington, but in all the state capitals.
Not only the Council of State Govern
ments but the Advisory Commission on Inter
governmental Relations, product of the Re
publican Eisenhower era, is also sometimes
rung in on this. The commission likewise
seeks the betterment of government at lower
levels.
Aside from casting aspersions on some of
the personnel in these agencies, the right
wing critics find most damning any and all
attempts to promote collaboration among
slate units.
Thus the council's persistent efforts to
promote uniform traffic laws among the
stales, and many other uniform codes, are
labeled ''collcctivist planted legislation."
The Council and many state leaders
contend simply that if the rising demand for
more uniform laws is not met at state level,
Washington will move in and do the job.
The council and the advisory commission
are reasonably effective barriers to federal
encroachment which exist. If their efforts are
"collcctivist," then what but anarchy is not?
etlcctive than the statement that
the missiles arc ready to go.
Given the Soviet Union's eco
nomic difficulties, however, the
so-called "mix" factor may be
of prime importance. The more
possible methods of aggression
ur retaliation in American strat
egy, the more difficult will be
the Soviet Union's task in pre
paring its own military arsenal.
Since there is only one test of
any strategy, namely war. the
Soviet Union will be strained to
the utmost if it is forced to match
its own weapons "mix" with ours
and to seek new ways of burying
us. If all our reliance is on one
system, the Soviets can plan ac
cordingly, delivering a surprise
attack at their convenience.
'flic best thinking in this coun
try, although Secretary McNa
mara studiously ignores it, is that
new technology has increased
i not diminished! the importance
of manned aircraft system. The
Secretary of Defense may believe
that he is safe behind an elec
tronic Mnginnl Line, hut he has
few supiorlcrs among the ex
perts. Antwir to Previous Puttie
t Awnr
10 Tot fear that II
from fruit
Weirder
II Fewer 33
17 I'nwhotrWTnt
19 B(hovti'l 3
Mountain
nymph
Holriinf right
MaiU
St a g ur n
Symphony 40
28 Pimitlt
24 Sw iu
2M,uii1oi high
notn
MMrvi-d
'J7 1 art rM 'foil
28 Child icomb.
fnrmi
Redact
A polio 'i mother
(myth t
Opened (poet )
Arm
Roman emperor
Expand
t'nit of weitjht
?9 Drink mid
PAGE I
HERALD
"Can You
Letters To The
Responsible
When I returned to Klamath
Falls Irom Salem temporarily to
li.x up my house tor sale, a man
I always regarded as a worldly,
responsible and astute individual
asked me why a local cop t sher
iff i had recently been charged
with acts this man felt were of
no significance.
Such a question docs not alter
my opinion that the man who
asked this is a high minded in
dividual. Nevertheless, it does
indicate a lack of realization of
the serious and far reaching im
plications and dangers if bad po
lice practices are permitted. Like
many citizens, he is unaware of
the workings of law enforcement
and the law, just as I am con
cerning his vocation as an edu
cator. Neither am I a cabinet
maker nor can I deliver babies.
I am a layman, not an authori
ty on the law. I have always been
a policeman or a defense investi
gator, nothing more. But I did
learn early that a police officer
is the one person in our society
empowered with the authority to
enter your castle, take your physi
cal body into his custody and
place you in a cage jaii like
an animal. This is not usually
By SVD.N'KY .1. HAItniS
Not long ago. 1 discussed the
perversion of the word "sentimen
tal. ' in regard to the people w-ho
oppose capital punishment point
ing out that the real sentimen
talists are those today who insist
on retaining this outmoded and in
effectual form of vengeance.
Today I'd like to examine an
other very much abused word.
"I'topian." This is a word often
applied hy conservatives, or even
by middle-of-the-roaders, to those
who seem to favor a left-wing
philosophy, or who apiiear to be
tinged with a "communistic" lean,
tng.
Actually, it is one of the ironies
of language anJ political thought
that Karl Marx, tlie founder of
communism, reserved his most
withering scon for the "Utopi
ans." They were the socialists of
his day who heki that social re
form must come from the people
themselves.
The widespread Communist
movement in the world today is
precisely tlie opposite of "Utopi
an." It is pragmatic, dogmatic,
imposed from the top. wedded to
violence, the enemy of all volun
tary movements, and totally re
pressive beneath its thin layer of
humanitarian verbiage.
Communism has not moved to
ward "the withering away of the
state." as Marx predicted it would
but in the opposite direction
wotse. it has bred the equally
poisonous reaction of fascism.
The I'topian may have been
right or wi-ong and, in my opin
ion, they were a little of hoih but
it is unitt.st to equate them mow
or then' with the Marxists Kor
des-ades. the bitterest foes of the
communists wvre not the capital
ists hut tlie nn-Matxian social
ists who saw' all too well, and all
too clearly, wnere Marxism was
headed and they were silenced
b avsAssination or exile.
If Marxism had been able to
become more genuinely I topian
AND NEWS, Klamath Falli, Ore.
Spare a Minute, Mr. President.3"
done, however, as one would pick
up a stray dog. In our society
it should only be done legally
under the law when one has com
mitted a crime against the people.
Then following the arrest one
must be allowed a reasonably
immediate arraignment, a prelim
inary hearing, a grand jury in
dictment and finally a jury trial
all designed to protect the
rights of all individuals.
But, if the cop who has you
in custody is allowed to violate
the law in any ay, you may
find you will have a situation
where he could place any citizen
in the cage tjail' without reason
able cause ia legal charge'. He
could also hold you for a long
term checkout or lodge you in jail
merely for harassment. And if
the policeman or sheriff can
break these laws without fear
of punishment you would most
assuredly have a condition of spe
cial treatment for some prison
ers and not for others. Proper
arraignment is one of our first
safeguards against an injustice.
Kven the wayward policeman is
afforded these same rights under
law when he is charged, and it
is then that he too is thankful
we have the very law he himself
violated.
STRICTLY
PERSONAL
that is, if it could have under
stood the libertarian strivings of
the early reformers then it might
not have become as evil in prac
tice as its twin, fascism. By re
jecting the I'topians, by condemn
ing tliem as "mere sentimental
ists." the Marxists abdicated their
humanity and brtrayed tlie very
goals they so nobly proclaimed in
their speeches and manifestoes.
We cannot understand the na
ture of modern communism un
less we comprehend its historical
roots. It is a perversion of a good
idea 'some eminent theologians
have even called it a "ChriMian
heresy", and its great appeal is
based on tlie fact tl',! it appears
to otter the underprivileged peo
ples greater social justice and
economic equality.
It cannot do so. of course. But
to dismiss these goals as "I'topi
an" is ' to misunderstand the
Communist revolution and to mis
read history. The American idea
is indeed a I'topian one, and we
should bring the word hack to
respectability and recognition, on
our side.
QUESTIONS
AND
ANSWERS
e How It the uniform enlnr of
alter prodaced?
A llxe from a shruh. annaito.
is added to butter to produce the
uniform color.
4 Why t the yew tree eoa
iidrrfi! a ttmhol of tadaess?
A Because th branches of the
tree hae been used for funeral
decorations and twined into
wreaths for the heads o( mourn
ers. Q What monarch was slain at
the Battle of rVswnrth Held"
A-King Rivhaid III of tn:
laod
Monday, Mar 13, 196J
Editor
Also a police officer when al
lowed such indulgences could re
lease, according to his own
whims, any dangerous criminal
as well as the minor or nondan
gerous criminal type. Allowed to
deter from the proper procedure
the policeman could completely
disrupt any court and for any
number of reasons. He could de
stroy evidence and completely
cripple the prosecution. Not only
docs any accused person have a
right to a fair and impartial
trial but the cost of mistrials,
ictrials and the investigations
that make them possible runs
into the thousands. The taxpay
er pays the lab. The accused,
who may be innocent, must en
dure the waiting for a retrial,
suffers added inconvenience and
nr greater expense. If the mani
pulations of the wayward police
man go undetected the accused
loses the l ight to a fair trial.
Innocent or not, if the accused
is facing a life sentence or even
live years, it s serious business
especially if it s you or someone
close to you.
A cop, if allowed to do any of
these things, could out of jealousy
destroy or hinder the cases of
other police departments. Every
policeman must know the risk he
lakes when he violates his duty by
committing an act of malfeasance,
misfeasance or nonfeasance. It
would not only take guts, but
a reason. I can't imagine any
one taking such a risk for kicks.
Every policeman must set an
example for our youth and never
lose sight that our law is the
very base of our democracy. At
some time or anotlier every po
lice officer has probably felt
like being a "Good Guy." parti
cularly when he has had to take
oflicial action against a friend
or some nice person on a minor
charge hut every man wear
ing a badge has sworn an oath
to God and (he ieople that he
will protect the people and their
property and enforce the I a w .
The criminal is people and he is
protected by seeing that lie is
afforded every right under the
law. This is part ol the police
man's duty. Imagine how it would
lie throughout the country if all
police heads were allowed to vio
late these laws making up
their own. No one disrespects a
dishonest cop more than the pro
fessional criminal.
In this wonderful, free coun
try :.ialpractice by doctors brings
about their removal from the pro
fession. Wayward lawyers are
disbarred and so with sherills
and other policemen there are
particular laws designed not only
to keep them in line but also
In protect us from the cop who
hides behind a badge of authority
and abuses our law'. And to elim
inate such practices that make the
j"h of the judge. I) A., and at
torneys so much more difficult.
If we ran raise our police stan
daids e will get more for our
money, come closer to real jus
tice, h.'ne professionahzation and
even check the mounting crime
rate Higher police standards will
eliminate any cause for the con
stant criticizing and griping about
policemen.
We are fratunale that policemen
aie not immune to the law. And
like the rest of us. when for
mally charged (or an unlawful
ait. they too are innocent until
proven guilty.
Most policemen are honest and
devoted and our la is good We
must allow each to (unction but
priMvily.
R. C. Claik.
31W Patterson Street
Q
I don't know how he dues it,
but Dale Hallack seems to get
more out of the kids who take
music and voice in high school
than any other director I have
seen in action. Not only are the
hoys and girls good performers
on their chosen instrument or
their vocal field, but they seem
In get such a kick out of what
they are doing that they impart
some of that fun and enthusiasm
to their audiences. I notice in his
concerts and public appearances,
Dale gives the kids a "fun" piece
or two lo mix in with the long
hair stuff.
With the excellent music pro
gram we have at KUHS, it is a
shame that those who gradual"
are unable, for the most f art, to
carry on with tlieir music hobby
or profession. A group in town
is attempting to do something
about the situation by proposing
to organize a symphony group.
Normand Poulshoek will direct the
symphony which hopes to get or
ganized this summer and fall.
Tuesday night the small music
group which will be the nucleus
of the symphony is putting on a
performance at Mills Auditorium
to raise money for music and oth
er material essential to a sym
phony group. Helping the orches
tra out will be several of Uie com
munity's prominent musicians, in
cluding Art Compton, Barbara
Poulshoek, Barbara Shields, Mary
Van Vaclor, LaMar Jensen and
Normand Poulshoek. Turn out and
give them a boost in this effort
to upgrade the Klamath's cultural
background.
Here Is an old-fashioned puz
zle: A and B set out Irom the
same place, in the same direc
tion. A travels linilormly 18
miles per day. and, after nine
days, turns and goes as far as
II has traveled during those nine
days. He then turns again and,
pursuing his journey, overtakes
B ?', days atter the lime they
first set nut. Find the rate at
which B unilorntly traveled.
What if we got really excited
WASHINGTON
By Fl'LTON LEWIS JR.
Interested in the "Mammal
Fauna of the Chercher Highlands
of Ethiopia?"
You should be. You and other
taxpayers are footing the bill
i $29.3110 for such a study. You
arc paying another $13,700 to learn
all there is t'j know about the
"Social Structure in Madagas
car." And $13,200 to find out about
"Society and Demography in An
cient Babylonia." '
Another $20.0011 to discover
"Bargaining Solutions (or
Games."
A study of "Abenaki Dialects"
costs $11,600.
A steal at $7 200 is a report on
the "Psycholinguist ic Analysis of
Consonant Clusters." More than
$10,000 goes to a Canadian scien
tist for discovering the "Limit
ing Factors Influencing Individual
and Population Growth in the
Flour Beetle."
A study on "Prehispanic Set
tlement Patterns of Teotihuacan"
costs the taxpayers $16,300. Anoth
er $27,900 goes (or "Measurement
o( Influence in the Dvad."
The above studies help make
up tlie $261 million budget of
tlie National Science Foundation.
They arc tiny items in a na
tional budget that cannot be cut,
to use the words of John Ken
nedy. n O'no Congresm?n.
Frank Row', has pored through
that budget and discovered the
following items that "cannot be
cut":
More than $.15 million (or the
Office of Territories almost
double the bu.lget lor 1059 when
tlie offii? still bore tlie responsi
bilities of Alaska and Hawaii.
A request of $.10 million to
"stockpile" food (or use in tlie
event o( a national emergency.
Food will he purchased at the
same lime that billions of dollars
worth of surplus commodities ore
available.
An incrca-e of 37 5 per cent
in operating expenses for the
President's Executive Office.
An appropriation of $74 ft mil
lion for the Bonneville. Power
Administration, tn make up the
deficit caused by selling federal
power at less than cost.
An increare of $;7. million,
or 24'pcr cent, for programs that
collect government statistics.
More than $8 hilhon for Or
Mile Freeman s Department of
Agriculture. This represents an
increase of $2 S billion ..ince
Dwight F.isenhower left' town.
$7 a hillion for tlie Department
o! Health. Education and Wel
fare, a jump of one-third over
tlie appropriates lor l.vt year.
NOTHING
SPECIAL
W. B. S.I
about public servants who take ad
vantage of their positions to exer
cise unrighteous domination over
their fellows?
What If we rose up in anger
and demanded better law en
forcement? What if we got so excited
about bad movies and television
programs that we would do
whatever was necessary to wipe
them out of existence?
What if we got so mad at
the publishers of pornographic
books and magazines that wo
would clean them off the news
stands? We would rather lit seems i see
our children corrupted by vile
books and magazines than make
a fuss over it. We would rather
let our children go to debauching
movies than lo raise enough cry
to keep them off the screen.
We would rather read about
Crime in the newspapers and
make arm chair comments than
to get out and make a fuss ahnu
better law enforcement. In other
words, we want to be complacent,
no matter what it costs us.
Too many of us are so occu
pied with our own affairs that
e allow the wicked to take over
control o( tilings which aflect the
intimate lives of all.
Too many of us are afraid of
publicity. Too many are afraid tn
fight for our rights close by. But
we arc willing tn fight the Rus
sians, or the Cubans, and send
our boys to the far corners of the
earth in the military. But we are
not willing to fight our moral bat
tles at home.
Until we are willing to take a
stand for that which is right we
will continue to be imposed upon
by predatory interests who care
nothing for morals, nothing (or
righteousness, and nothing for
their neighbors or their neighbor's
children.
REPORT
Budget Study Reveals
Items Can Be Slashed
An increase of $2 billion to
$8.6 billion m foreign aid. This
includes military and economic
assistance, the Peace Corps. Food
lor Peace, the Alliance for Pro
gress, etc.
An increase of $258 million for
Postmaster General J. Edward
Day. He expects to handle 3
per cent more mail, wants 7 per
cent more money.
A request for $25 million to
build a high-power electric lina
from Washington State to Cali
fornia when private companies
have already oflcred to build it
at tlieir own expense
"These are places." says Con
gressman Bow, "where appropri
ation cuts can be made without
reducing scliool lunch programs
or aid to dependent children. The
'budget that can't be cut' will
cost the average family $W
more than the last budget of
Dwight Eisenhower, only to
years ago. Is there any doubt this
budget can ba cut and cut sub
stantially?" The fast-talking aides of John
Kennedy and Douglas Dillon will
have a diifticult tunc cnnvmcin;
Congress that it can't.
Almanac
r.v Inited Tress International
Todav is Monday. May 13. It
133rd day of ISiil with 232 t"
follow.
The moon is approaching it'
last quarter.
The morning stars are Venus,
Jupiter and Saturn.
The evening star is M-u's
On this day in history :
In 1607. the first roloni'ls to
establish a permanent English
settlement in the new world start
ed to build their fortress com
munity near the James River, in
Virginia, which later becama
.l.imcstown.
In 1846. Congress declared tha'
a slate of war existed between th
I nited States and Mexico.
In imo. Queen Wilhclrpina.
Crown Princess Juliana, and key
figures of the Dutch government
arrived in England after fleeing
.liom the Nazi invaders of the
Netherlands.
In 1945. Prime Minister W inston
Churchill saxi in a victory address
to the British Empire that Britain
would throw her entire military
might behind the Inited Slates in
the war against Japan.
thought for the day English
author Jonn Morley said: "You
have not converted a man because)
vim have silenced him."