HERALD AND NEWS, Klamath Falli, Oregon
Tuesday, May 7, 19C3
EDSON IN WASHINSTON
Booklet Enumerates
Citizen Challenges
"Could You Leave Your Card?
I'm Not Sure Anybody's Home!"
fcdii&iioL (paqsL
PAGE t
A number of thoughtful commentators
have written of a disturbing and dangerous
element which seems to have entered Ameri
can life. It is not easy to pinpoint or describe.
Perhaps the best word for it is apathy, which
hjis led to attitudes of drift and disinterest,
and to a failure of individual pride and re
sponsibility. It Is found, in varying degree, in every
area of large affairs. The gravity of the pres
ent world situation, measured by the gains of
the Soviets and the positions of so-called neu
tral nations, whose leanings are almost always
pro-Soviet, could only be exceeded by all-out
war. Day after day the newspapers, the radio
and television tell the story. Yet the number
of Americans who feel a deep concern, and a
profound sense of national purpose, seems
dismally small.
We tend to take a cynical, "what-of-it"
attitude toward politics in the face of the
fact that politics is the art of government
You can find a flock of people these days
who steadily pronounce their devotion to dis
tant "good causes" but somehow manage to
avoid showing much human concern at close
personal range.
The notion seems to be strong that if you
advocate sweeping attack on human social ills
in the large, you don't have to care what you
do with the humans you meet face to face dur
ing the day.
Louis Kroncnberger, a former drama
critic who is now a visiting professor of Eng
lish at Stanford, says far too many intelligent
educated folk have in fact made a "complete
substitution of social morality for personal
ethics."
Not surprisingly, in writing of this in
Horizon magazine, Kroncnberger takes ex
amples from the theater world he knew so
well. But he means his assault to he broad. Of
educated liberals practicing "pure escapist
morality," he says:
"These people do steadily, quite early in
life, what the hard-fisted rich used to do very
late: they pay conscience money. But today's,
unlike yesterday's, is not paid retroactively in
leisured remorse. It Is pay-as-you-go penance."
IN WASHINGTON
By RALPH de TOl.KDANO
Buried away in I lie report of
the Senate Armed Services sub
committee hearings on the "muz
zling o( the military" is a brief
and chilling quote. It comes from
the testimony of Brigadier Gon
eral SUA. Marshall, highly re
spected by his peers, who is also
considered model of moderation
by the liberal-labor coalition.
General Marshall's words re
called the stormy era when Sena
tor McCarthy was attempting In
investigate llie remnants of the
Julius Rosenberg apparatus in the
Army Signal Corps and being
told by every pundit able to pound
a typewriter or a lectern that he
was destroying morale and
uncaring the military. To hint
that the Communists had any
kind nl toehold In the services
was considered downright treas
onable. Now listen In General Marshall.
"I have, of course, inn into
Communists in our uniform over
seas, even in my own outfit. I
had one officer two officers
who had to be kept in cold stor
age. I could not let them see any
classified pajiers."
And tlien, the shocker:
"In the batllc of North Korea
yon will find one incident, and
1 don't think it has ever been re
vealed. But there was one com
pany that folded, one only, tn the
2."th Division. The captain who
surrendered this company had
been long suspected as Com
munist by the people a r ou n d
him." (P. 1287 of tlw hearings )
In a war against Communist
enemy, an officer suspected of
Communist loyalties was permit
ted to take his company Into bat
tle and to surrender it to the
North Korean Reds. In tlie same
war, officers were kept "in cold
storage" because lliey were con
sidered disloyal, tf in a time ol
actual hostilties. Communists and
sympathizers were not weeded
oiit, what is Die situation today?
TT,!i is question General Mar
shall does not answer and Hie
Senate subcommittee barely
scratched,
I do not blame General Mar
shall lor not summarily sending
the suspect officers, with their
neeunty files, bark to Washing
Are We Worthy?
Morality Is Not Divisible
Army Report Kept Secret
ton with a recommendation that
they he dishonorably discharged.
Had he done so. the American
Civil Liberties Union would have
fired off a petition tn the Su
preme Court, the bleeding hearls
-would have set up a 34-hour vigil
in front of the White House, and
the Fund for the Republic would
have allotted half a million dol
lars for a study of "blacklisting"
in the Army.
The men whn were captured by
the North Korean Reds ami un
derwent the filth and terror of a
Chinese Communist concentration
camp may not if they survived
have quite such a tolerant view
of tlw matter. Tltoir lives were
entrusted to an officer who was
presumably of unquestioned pa
triotism. In a conflict as treach
erous as the Korean "police ac
tion." the least the Army should
have done was tn transler the of
ficer to some innocuous Quarter
master Job counting blankets at
Kurt Denning, for example.
Reading General Marshall's qui
et statement, I wondered why no
one asked him why the episode
had been kept secret or w hat re
ports he had lilcd to his suerioi s
on tlte otlier Communists in iini
lorm who could not carry out their
duties because o( their (intrust
worthiness. I was not surprised
that those who poured over the
report seeking tidbits of inlorma
tion to use against our military
leaders passed over ttie quota
tion. And this gets me to the cme of
the problem. In the iasl decade,
many Americans have been brain
washed into believing that no
Communist lluvat exists, that no
Communist Inlillralion of the na
tion's sensitive agencies is pos
sible, and that Communist vil
lainy began failing out with the
death ol Stalin.
Every new disclosuie of tlie in
ternal Communist menace is ei
ther ignored or bruslied aside as
an isolated ease. An unrepentant
per juror like Alger Hiss is gien
forum on nationwide TV, and
the sponsor who objects is called
unpleasant names by television
executives and slapix-d with law
suits. It has become bad form
to take internal Communist serr
ously.
and that the courses and choices of the poli
ticians in power will largely determine what
kind of land and world our children, to say
nothing of ourselves, will live in.
And, beyond doubt, we have drifted,
knowingly and unknowingly, toward a Wel
fare Slate in which, ultimately, the masses
of people become faceless numbers.
One thing can be said for the Soviets
at least, for those Soviets whose policies and
decisions count. They are supremely dedicated
men and women. They regard their system
with a religious zealotry. They know what
they want which is world domination
and they are convinced they know how to
get it. They are willing to change tactics and
slratcgy and timing when risks and situations
make that necessary, but they never lose
sight of the goal.
The American goal is supposed to be
freedom, Individualism, the dignity and worth
of man. Are we worthy of it, and are we pur
suing it?
A perfect example is the actor who is so
busy discussing the humane causes he believes
in that he never remembers to ask his friends
how they feel or what they are doing.
Kronenberger takes it farther and says
flatly that many "socially conscious" liberals
claw each other to pieces even as they spout
noble sentiments in support of social advances.
"How ultimately great is the gain, to
bring up children with no prejudice against
race and with every sympathy for the poor, if
they are to have no scruples against back
stabbing and an utter apathy toward fair
play?"
Evidence is plentiful in support of Kro
nenberger's contention that personal morality
is in steep decline. There is altogether too
little caring at close range.
What too many bleeders for "humanity"
Tail to grasp Is that their devotion to good
causes U a jerry-built structure unless it is
founded on a great mound of earnestly pur
sued little causes.
Morality is not divisible. If It is not seen
the same way in the circle around you as in
the orbit of great affairs, then you are not
really practicing it at all.
When I am scolded for speaking
of the inlernal Communist threat.
I have a simple answer: "If it
does not exist, then why is there
so much opposition to a thorough
and inclusive search in govern
ment and in other sensitive areas
of our national life? Why is so
much time and money sont to
silence the House Un-American
Activities Committee and the Sen
ale Internal Secruity subcommit
tee? Why is the FBI the Com
munist underground's enemy num
ber one?" I have so far gotten
no satisfactory answers. The only
answers I get arc indirect ones
as when General Marshall tells
the Congress in MO what he
should have shouted to the nation
in UK!.
Al
manac
By United Press International
Today is Tuesday, May 7. tlie
127th day of l.i with 2;W to
follow.
The moon is approaching full
phase.
The morning stars are Venus,
Saturn and Jupiter.
The evening star is Mars.
On this day in history:
In 1IH3, a German submarine
torpedoed the Cunard liner l.usi
lania olf the coast of Ireland and
almost ,2ix) passengers lost their
lives.
In 19.19. the World War II mili
tary and political alliance of
Germany and Italy was an
nounced simultaneously in Rome
and Berlin.
In IMi, representatives of the
Geiman high command signed
unconditional surrender terms at
(en. llwight Eisenhower's tem
porary headquarters in Kheims,
France.
In tins. President Harry Tru
man and his tamtly moved into
the White House following the
removal of the personal poscs
smns of the family of Franklin
1. Roosevelt, who died April 12,
The thought for the day
French philosopher Pascal said
"It is not giwid to have loo much
hbeity: It is not gonf to have
all one wants."
By SYDNEY J. HARRIS
Some friends were discussing,
in puzzled tones, tlie recent labor
disturbances in Great Britain, in
which thousands of Hie recently
unemployed staged a demonstra
tion that, for placid England, was
nearly riotous.
"What's the excitement about?"
said one. "The unemployment
rate in Great Britain is only half
that of the United States, and we
haven't had anything like that
here.'
I suspect that what is fright
ening to the British workers is the
sudden appearance of change in a
land of stability and tradition.
In America, we have always had
a mobile labor force; men
changed occupations and Jocales
almost as frequently as they
changed automobile models.
In England, a job has been
something a man expected to do
all his life. He often inherited it
from his father, who himself in
herited it from the medieval
guild system. Dozens of English
names, in fact, came directly
from these crafts Taylor, Tur
ner, Webster, Wheelwright, Bak
er, Miller, Skinner, Smith, Weav
er, Chandler, Cutler, Mercer, and
many others.
Moreover, a stratified social
system, such as obtains in Eng
land and most of Europe, makes
it much harder for men to change
and adjust.
Americas weakness has also
turned out to be its strength. Be
cause we have not had so long
a history, because we were a
frontier country, and because we
have lacked a long tradition of
craflsmanfvhip, our standards of
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STRICTLY
PERSONAL
service and workmanship have
been inferior to most of the Euro
peans. When we complain about this,
however, (as we increasingly do',
it must be remembered at the
same time that this lack of a
tradition has enabled us to be
economically, socially and indus
trially flexible to make rapid
shifts in demands and supplies of
the labor force. A society that is
inflexible cannot meet rapidly
changing needs.
The British are more frightened
by automation than we are, be
cause the proportion of tlie work
ing class population is so much
greater. Here, in our own time,
there has been a shift away from
the laboring forces to tlie service
classes, just as there has been
. an enormous shift from the rural
' type to the urban-complex society
and all without any serious dis
locations. Tradition is a two-edged sword:
it gives a sense of continuity and
excellence to a pursuit, but it also
retards necessary adjustments to
meet changing tonditions. What
the British laborers are protesting
is lack of jobs today but also,
more importantly, lack of pros
. pods for tomorrow and tomorrow.
QUESTIONS
AND
ANSWERS
Q n mythology how did Odys
seus get his men nut of the rave
of the Cyclops?
A After blinding the Cyclops,
they tied themselves to the un
derbellies of his sheep and cs
raped when the giant drove his
sheep out to pasture.
in Small flap
21 Arbiter in hii
sport
23 AiiRlo-Snxon
39 Viper
42 Victim of
leprosy
43 Willow
44 Former Ruwisn
ruler
4 Rabbit
46 Fa mom British
school
48 Shield bearing
4W Sheltered inlet
50 Km ploy I
51 Pause
53 Groove
54 Peer Gynt'l
mother
S Male
serf
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2b Burmese tribal
group
?A Direction
27 Church part
2S Social insect
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mflire
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aHigSgggg sue
J '
OTHER
EDITORS'
OPINIONS
Strikers
Subsidized
(By GLADSTONE WILLIAMS)
.. ln The Sacramento Bee)
H offers a sad commentary on
the unemployment compensation
program practiced by many of
the slates that it is being used tn
aid strikes against the public in
tcrest.
No belter example of (his is to
be found than in the prolonged
strike of printers which prevented
publication f New York City
newspapers for more than three
months. Tlie strike cost the pub
lishers millions of dollars, de
prived merchants and others of an
important medium of advertising,
denied the public an opportunity
In keep abreast of the local news
and forced thousands of non-striking
workers out of employment.
Yet is is doubtful that the strike
could have lasted anywhere near
as long as it did without tlie gen
erous unemployment compensa
tion benefit provided by N e w
York State. At the time New York
City printers went on strike back
in early December they received
an average of about $145 a week
in pay. After the walkout they
continued tn average about $120
a week. Of this amount J7(l
came from union benefit funds and
$.i0 from slate unemployment ben
efits. The state therefore was subsi
dizing the strikers to the tune of
some 40 per cent of the unem
ployment benefits they were re
ceiving while on strike. That hard
ly makes sense any way you
look at it. For one thing, it
puts the employers in a position of
financing a .-Hike against them
selves since (he strike benefit
funds are collected in taxes paid
by the employers.
But (here ai other and
more fundamental objections to the
system. In tlw first place, it is a
misnomer to say a man who
leases his job to go on strike is
unemployed in the sense that
unemployment was forced upon
him. He is no more out of a job
than a worker who takes time
off to go fishing.
N hv then should tiw government
pay him for his self imposed un
employment Tlie job is theie
waiting lor him if he t.ires to .
work. II is nobody's fault hut his
own if lie decides lo qi:it for a
speli.
Certainly something should he
done to correct the situation where
workers on slnke are paid unem
ployment compensation during the
strike. Tn permit that sort of
thing is an injustice lo the tax
payers and it encouraces work
stoppages n.t in the puhhc intei-c.-t.
By PKTEK EDSON
Washington Correspondent
WASHINGTON INEAI - The
most succinct, nonpartisan, con
structive presentation of problems
faced by the United States at
home or abroad and what indi
vidual citizens can do about them
may be found in a 32-page
pamphlet now being offered
free by The Advertising Council.
The title is "Challenge to Amer
icans" with a subtitle. "The Strug,
gle We Face and How to Help
Win It."
More than 150,Mfl copies have
been distribuled. With a newspa
per good will advertising cam
paign coming up in the near fu
ture, the hope is that a million
copies will be put in circulation
maybe more.
In a world and in a country
where the clamor and confusion
of carping criticism by lame brain
extremists has become a
theme song for national and in
ternational despair, "Challenge
for Americans" is inspirational
in a frankly do-good approach.
It opens with a two-page fore
word by President Kennedy and
a one-page foreword by former
President Eisenhower. This gives
"Tlie Challenge" bipartisan back
ing in place of the usual bicker
ing heard in Congress and coun
try. Excerpt from Kennedy: "We
must match great challenges with
great achievements."
Excerpt from Eisenhower: "The
important thing is to do some
thing." After the introductions come
five two-page easy-to-read chap
ters: The Challenge of the Awak
ening Peoples, The Scientific and
Technological Challenge, The
Challcng2 of International Cooper
ation. The Communist Challenge
and The Challenge of Our Own
Permanent Revolution.
After each chapter is a one-page
list of short suggestions on "What
You Can Do to Help" meet each
of these challenges. Here are ran
dom samples from each list of
suggested actions:
"Learn mora about our neigh
bors around the world. Keep up
with the news. . . . Commend
those local newspapers, television
and radio stations which give full
attention to news interpretation."
"Through PTAs. the press, the
ballot box, join with other citi
zens in working for better and
more science courses in schools."
By KL'LTON LEWIS JB.
A Presidential appointee, named
to the Peace Corps National Ad
visory Council, has a record of
Communist front activity on file
in Washington.
He is the Reverend James H.
Robinson, a Presbyterian clergy
man. Peace Corps officials are
defensive about his background.
Assistant Director Bill Moyers
lold this reporter,
"Anyone who thinks the Presi
dent would name a Communist to
this council is so naive lie docs
not deserve to be called adult."
No one has called Robinson a
Communist, although in 1949 he
did sign a Communist Parly nom
inating petition for Benjamin Da
vis, who would later be convicted
under the Smith Act.
For the information of Mr.
Moyers, Robinson was an official
of The American Y'outh Congress,
a group labeled Communist and
subversive by Attorney General
Tom Clark. He was active in
American Youth for Democracy,
another group termed "Commu
nist and subversive" by the At
torney General.
According to The Daily Worker
of March 17. 194,1, Robinson thai
day sponsored a mass meeting
of Ihe Communist Party. One week
later he addressed a "Forum (or
Victory" at the parly's Ninth As
sembly Di.-trict headquarters in
New York.
During Ihe Hitler-Slalin Part.
Robinson was an oflirial of Hie
Citizens Committee to Defend
America by Keeping Out of
War. a group cited by the Special
House Commillee on In-Ameri-can
Activities as a Communist
Imnt.
Throe yrars later, while Hitler
and Stalin foushl each oilier. Roh
inson demanded "cooperation with
Russia and unconditional surren-
THEY
SAY...
of ail Ihe many problems thai
h,ne hcsel the metroooiitan po
lice in Uif pa-t. thf most serious
Ksue (aims tiw force has been
ihe slate of crime.
From l2 annual report hv
London police mmmissinnrr.
"Study the purposes of interna
tional organizations."
"Study communism, its back
ground, tactics and goals. . . .
Rely on the Federal Bureau of
Investigation as the appropriate
agency lo investigate possible sub
versive cctivitics within the U.S.
Discourage self - appointed vigi
lante groups from attempting to
perform such delicate functions.
. . . Avoid the extremes of com
placency and despair. Have con
fidence in the final outcome."
"Do your part in encouraging
law observance and the preven
tion of crime and juvenile delin
quency." "Become better informed on our
dynamic American economic sys
tem. . . . Participate in the "You
Are Challenged" program lo con
sider our national goals. Write to
The American Assembly, Colum
bia University, New York 27,
N.Y."
The Advertising Council, which
gives all this free advice is the
public service organization repre
senting all U.S. advertising me
dia. It was born in World War II,
but it has kept up its support of
worthy causes for 20 years under
both Democratic and Republican
administrations.
ft has contributed talent, time
and space at its own expense to
promote safely, savings bond
drives, forest fire prevention, aid
to higher education, freedom from
hunger, physical fitness and men
tal health, Radio Free Europe
and Peace Corps recruiting. AU
these are continuing programs.
In tackling the new "Challenge
to America" drive, however, the
council got into a new field of
promoting abstract ideas.
After two years of preparation,
says Council President Theodore
S. Repplier, "We have launched a
campaign of such potential useful
ness as to dwarf anything we have
done in peacetime."
There is a final "Call to Great
ness" facing a full-page picture of
the Liberty Bell in the pamphlet,
from which a few lines may be
worth quoting to give the flavor of
the thing:
"This nation was forged in the
crucible of rebellion. . . . Today's
America has emerged from the
challenges of yesterday. . . We
are in for a long straggle. ... It
is a time for each of us to do . . ,
something extra . . . which con
tributes to our nation's strength,
unity and progress."
WASHINGTON REPORT . . .
Peace Corps Adviser
Has Commie Record
der (or Germany." He did that in
a statement published in the Daily
Worker by the Citizens Commit
tee of the Upper West Side. Attor
ney General Tom Clark called that
organization subversive, one
"which seeks tn aller tjie form m"
government of the United States
by unconstitutional means."
Robinson was a member of the
executive board of the American
Committee to Save Refugees, a
cited Communist front. He spoke
before rallies of the Communist
controlled American Lalmr Party.
He signed a petition of the Citi
zens Committee lo Free Earl
Rrnwdcr, Communist leader.
In the Daily Worker he defend
ed the executions of Victor Alter
and Hendrik Ehrlich. leaders of
Poland's Social Democrat Party,
who were killed by the Commu
nists. Robinson signed a petition, de
manding abolition of Ihe House
Un-American Activities Commit
tee, that was sponsored by the
National Federation for Constitu
tional Liberties, a cited fronl.
He signed letters to Presidents
Truman and Eisenhower urg
ing clemency for Julius and Ethel
Itnseniicrg. convicted atom spies.
He affixed his signature to a state
ment that called for retention of
the Communist Party on the bal
lot. He sponsored a testimonial
dinner fur Ferdinand C. Smith,
Communist labor leader. He
signed a "Friend of Ihe Court"
brief for the Rev. William Howard
Melish. accused as a Commu
nist, though he swore he had nev
er brrn.
Addressing a meeting of New
York leftists only a fortnight ago,
Robinson wisecracked: "PeBee
Corps director Sargcant Shiiver
has lieen lold I'm a Communist or
fellow traveler, so I'm in good
company tonight.".
Prace Corps spokesmen say
liiey have "no idea" what Rob
inson was talking about.
Arizona Senator Barry C.oldwa.
trr wowed tlie ladies in his recent
appearance beiore Ihe National
Federation ol Republican Women
who met here in Washincton.
1-eaders of ihe draft Goldwater
movement, who met dclfcalo
fmm coa-t o coasl, say that
Goidwatrr is (ar and away Ihe
moM popular Republican possibil
ity for President.