PAGE I
HERALD AND NEWS, Klamath Falli. Oregon
Monday, May (, 1963
EDSON IN WASHINGTON
fcdikrriaL (paqsL
Sad State Of The
V- The cry continues loud in many quarters
' for state-local resistance to new encroach
"Orients by the federal government. Gov. Clif
'ford Hansen of Wyoming now adds his voice.
But a veteran observer of federal-state
relations wonders whether the states are oper
ating on a footing adequate to the scope of
the problems they want to handle.
In a very severe sense, stale legislatures
lend to be a part-time enterprise. Only 20 of
the 50 states have annual sessions. The rest
convene their assemblies biennially.
There are six states in which legislatures
are limited to sessions of 30 calendar or legis
lative days. In two others the meetings can
npt go beyond 40 days.
rV Altogether, 29 stales, roughly three-fifths
of the total, hold their legislative sessions
down to 65 days or less.
Where sessions arc both short and merely
biennial, it is clear the legislatures assemble
just long enough to keep the franchise. 11 is
hard to see how much work of consequence
I can be accomplished in an age of swift-mov-J;ing
developments.
Good Omen From Canada
The election victory of Lester Pearson
and his Liberal party may or may not be quick
ly translated into command of the Canadian
government. But if standard procedures are
followed, it seems bound to happen.
Years ago the famous Mackenzie King
Ilicld onto a minority prime ministership for
I-roughly a year beyond an election. But the
expectation this time is that Conservative
jPrime Minister John Diefenbaker is unlikely
!'"to climb to the reins after Canada's new parlia
ment meets in a month and a half.
' Ultimate triumph for Pearson, thus wide
ly assumed, is of course hailed in the United
States. For he is regarded as considerably
friendlier to us than Diefenbaker. And he has
stated flatly his willingness to accept U.S.
.nuclear warheads in the Canadian defense
system.
5 It was this latter issue which precipitated
ilhc 1963 Canadian election. Blunt American
criticism of Dicfenbaker's refusal to accept
nuclear warheads produced a storm of feeling
vboth pro and con. The test at the polls followed.
IN WASHINGTON
Cj fcy nAl.ril de TOLKDANO
d fcince his 1958 defeat, William
p-'J Knowland has devoted himself
'JlnC the affairs of his family news
;)"fyr in Oakland. Calif. Senator
Jxnnwland ran Into a buzisaw,
when he sought the California
governorship, for a whole com
plex of reasons. Subsequently,
even his most ardent supporters
frit Uiat tlie Knowland contribu
tion to Republican politics could
at best be in the role of elder
' statesman. This is a pretty thank
I )ess and ceremonial job, and a
Iinan as energetic as the former
Ir-rnior senator from California
liould hardly be happy in it.
But tlie wtwel of politics, like
;lhe wheel of fortune, spins un
; predictably. As the late Major
Bowes used to say, "Hound and
round slxi goes, and where she'll
; stop nobody knows." Suddenly,
;lill Knowland has emerged from
; obscurity, (or reasons as pouting
;s those that led to his 195H li
iisco. Certainly, he is not seeking
lh limelight. But In political
jireles, it is being asked with
increasing frequency. "Will he
Iun for Um Senate in 1!H?"
' The quesUon. moreover, is not
lime of those routine exercises
.' which pundits and correspondents
Heel impelled to undergo about
Icvery former political figure of
tatur who may possibly return
to the hustings. There are clear
indications that California voters
have begun to think once more
"of William F. Knowland as a man
: Ik might represent them In tlie
.world's most exclusive club.
J Itecent polls show him creeping
jip remarkably on the Democrat
ic Incumbent, Senator Clare Kngle
J with something like four per
rentage point scparatm them.
This has startled the profession
als, for the man in office un
less he has grievously torn his
pants on scandal or other foohsh
. iiess has on overriding advan
tage. And a "forgotten .nan"
".sucJi as Mr. Knowland was pre
sumed to be tends to b very
; forgotten when the pollsters get
;out their very fallible pencils.
Knowland Demand Grows
The emergence of Mr. Knowland
as a surprise candidate can he
attributed to a number of factors.
To begin with. Californians be
came accustomed to having their
two Senators he figures of na
tional eminence. Senators Know
land and Nixon, whatever dif
ferences in emphasis may have
marked their views, were leaders
In both the Senate and the na
tion. They were known, and Cali
fornians enjoyed their promin
ence.
Their successors, Republican
Thomas Kuchel and Democrat
Clare Engle, are among the less
er lights of tlie Washington scene.
Mr. Kuchel holds the position of
Republican Whip in the Senate.
But his name makes the national
press only when he supports some
loft -of -center measure or throws
in his lot with the Kennedy Ad
ministration. His influence on
Capitol Hill is very small, and
he himself is a colorless man.
In fact, he is the kind of per
son who must always he reintro
duced because people have forgot
ten him. .Mr Kngle has n o t
achieved sulliricnl seniority to
tie a power, and since his ideo
logical position blends in with
that of tlie leadership, he fails to
make an impression.
In his years ol retirement, how
ever. Rill Knowland has retained
the loyalty of his supporters in
and out of California. There is
also a growing feeling among Re
publicans that his deiwrture from
the national scene has hurt the
party seriously. Mr. Knowland
was a tower of strength in tlie
United Slates Senate second only
to Robert A. Tall in the respect
he commanded in the COP. Since
lli'ia. the Republicans in the Sen
ate have needed him badly. A
Minority Leader he was a force
with which to reckon and at pres
ent a vacuum exisls.
Mr. Knowland was succeeded by
Senator Kverctt McKinley Dirk,
sen. Put tlie Senator from Illi
nois, however great his oratori
cal powers, never seemed to take
hold. He was fearful of Demo
States
Just 17 states put no legal limits on length
of session. Others have sessions varying from
90 to 150 days.
Add to this the well-known but sad fact
that state'legislators are usually paid micro
scopic salaries, and you have the ingredients
for pretty skimpy effort in many slates.
And that is exactly what shows in many
places. While high-flying politicians are
sounding the gong for "returning power to
the states where it belongs," while major
domestic problems pile up, state lawmakers
are busy licensing beauty operators and de
bating how to label eggs for market.
If the states want to wield important
authority in the late 20th century, it seems
wholly reasonable to ask that they equip
themselves properly for the job.
They can hardly perform effectively
when, as in many instances, their principal
organs of power meet rarely and then only on
a token basis. While part-time lawmakers are
busy running law offices, selling insurance
or real estate and managing businesses, the
people with big problems take them to Washington.
Though anti-Americanism played a
prominent part in the campaign now conclud
ed, many observers suggest it was not the
decisive matter. Canada is plagued with a host
of economic problems, and many voters evi
dently wish to let the Liberals have a crack at
them.
Thus it would be improper to conclude
that the Liberal party's gains are wholly and
simply a sign that Canada rejects the anti
Americanism propounded most ardently by
Diefenbaker.
On the other hand, Canadians clearly
did not act solely to emphasize their obvious
resentments toward America. However nu
merous these may be, the voters appear to
have taken the sensible view that any deep
rift between two neighbors so close and so
tightly intertwined strategically, economical
ly and culturally could gravely damage both
nations and the whole free world.
The Canadian outcome is not decisive.
But it is a trend toward the good sense we
must all hope will prevail in the long endur
ing comradeship of Canadians and Americans.
cratic wrath at the wrong times.
And he has never seemed able to
mobilize Republican troops when
the battle lines are drawn. Re
cently, moreover, his health has
not been of the best.
On the Senate side of the Hill,
it is not uncommon for Republi
cans to bemoan the present lack
of leadership. Whatever post he
might hold, a William Knowland
hack in Washington in 1965 would
mran that the COP would have a
rock and an anchor. Whether
or not President Kennedy w ins re
election. Mr. Knowland can do
much to re-establish the authori
ty of the legislative hrnnch and
give it once more the kind of
prestige it has been steadily los
ing. Al
manac
Ry I ailed Press International
Today Is Monday, May . the
I2i'-lh dav of 1HS.I with J.t to
follow.
Tlie moon is approaching full
phase.
The morning stars are Venus.
Saturn and Jupiter.
The evening star is Mars.
On this day in history:
In IMS. the Works Fmcress
Administration was created by
Congress to provide work for the
unemployed through a series o(
projects supported by federal
funds
In 19.17, the German dirigible
"Hindenhurg" exploded at Lake
hurst, N. J , killing .Kit persons.
In I'm. Communist dictator
Joseph Stalin became a premier
of Russia, succeeding V. M.
Mololov.
In I960, Britain's Princess Mar
garet was married to a common
er. Antony Armstrong Jones.
A thought for the day British
author Oliver Goldsmith said
"Conscience is a coward, and
tlKV-e faults it has not strength
enough to pi event it seldom has
justice enough to accuse "
"But,
When
4:1
. 1 I . 3 ft.il I S
By SYDNEY J. HARRIS
The best things work for their
nun reduction and elimination.
If we understand this curious
process, we can then judge the
value and the direction of our
cl forts.
"Medicine," said Lord Bryce,
"is the only profession that la
bors incessantly to destroy the
reason (or its own existence."
The aim of the art of medicine
when it is not perverted by
greed is lo put itself out of busi
ness. Tlie aim of parenthood, like
wise, ought to be to set the child
on its own feet and make the
parents more and more super
fluous. The aim of true education
is to make the student less and
less dependent upon the teacher
and the textbook.
In these three essential realms
Uie physical, the intellectual
and the emotional the proper
end of medicine, education and
parenthood is the freedom of the
object. Whatever binds the ob.
ject more tighlly violates thus end
and damages the object.
This is the only test we can
apply to discover whether our
dedication and love are real or
counterfeit for the counterfeit al
ways discloses itself by trying to
possess the object rather than lib
erate it.
Parental love, for instance,
should be a ladder, leading the
child upward and outward; too
olten. however, it is a cage or
a chain or a corset of unyield
ing suffocation. Its aim is not
the child's liberation, but the par
ent's gratification.
We can see how this perverted
process works most clearly in
Medley
ACROSS
lBiMbitl club
4 Cam into
tftistrnc
5 Cirn ,
12 Mintril rock
IS Sropt
14 Kinf of Judih
iPibl
15 Nothing
15 Composure
16 HydroRrn, for
instance
30 F.nrirhtt with
bicon
11 Riblirtl prophet
2JFcl
24 Hirbor
2 linMtered
27 Pronoun
.10 Uf.il pies
32 Kind of bullft
34 Photoirraphie
dfvicn
ss DiKrrns
.IS Abatrict being
STTV.rs
39 tamt
40 Kttinl
41 Br id 1? part
42 Splendor
4ft Pramnff
49 SMton and
oth?m
ill Mountain pail
&2 Mutical
CompoMtiftR
M Hmhlandfr
MCioddtu of
infatuation
M Number (pi.)
57 Obwrre
DOWN
1 Rib. for
instance
5 swt covering
3 Wii-m
4 CMabhihtd
ft Alftntan
araport
ft lMte
7 Small how
(if m wrijht
J
1 2 J A 5 5 7 8 9 10 U
ra ra n
rs n
1 iT r- a
33 3i - 3j b-1
3? 35
35 p 37 b" - 35
4 43 (44 ri4S"4 47 43
B bo
52 33 3
5 35 57
Pop, How Will a Tax Cut Help
You're On Strike All the Time?"
8::'. l'J.
STRICTLY
PERSONAL
education. The most badly mis
educated person is the one who
must continually use references,
appeal to authorities, and substi
tute what has already been said
by others for his own thinking.
His education has crippled him
for creative thought and made
him totally dependent on "the
books."
The readiness (however pain
ful in parti to give up their chil
dren is the most profound char
acteristic - of genuine parental
love. Just as the doctor aims at
liberating tlie patient from his
physical ills, the teacher aims at
liberating the pupil from his in
tellectual confinements, so the
parent must aim at freeing the
child from its emotional depend
encies. And the end of this paradox is
that only when the child is thus
free can he have the proper at
tachment to his parents; only
when we allow his independence
can he then freely offer us love
and respect, without conflict and
without resentment. It is the
hardest lesson to learn that the
goal of parenthood is not to reign
forever but to abdicate gracefully
al the right time.
QUESTIONS
AND
ANSWERS
9 What li the leigth ( the
New Jersey turnpike?
A The road is t.H miles long.
Q Whe was the Ration's first
Republican president?
A Abraham Lincoln.
answer to Previous Puizle
9!,ov god
10 Vacant
11 Conrlumons
17 Aviator
19 Dull fimsb
?3 Measures
24 Slep
J.i Japaneae coin
"J nMtrurtthlc
27 Neurit n of
ariattc oervt,
(pl.t
25 Kool part
31 Short trip
33 Plant lou
3K Regal resident
40 1 jmeluroftral
bird
41 Failure (slang)
42 Kind of boat
4.1 Puebto Indian
44 Oitnchhit
birds
4 Prtsentle
47 Memorandum
43 Merriment
VI re otee
FAt-merly
18
J
OTHER
EDITORS'
OPINIONS
No More Bonds!
(Register-Guard, Eugene)
Heavy pressures are being put
on Oregon's Legislature to author
ize issuance of more state high
way construction bonds. Mainly,
these pressures are being inspired
hy die-hard advocates of imme
diate improvement of the northern
part of Coast Highway 101.
It isn't enough, in the eyes of
these 101 partisans, that tlie stale
has spent more improving the
coast route than it has on any
similar highway in recent years.
It isn't enough that the 1961 leg
islature approved a special bond
issue for the construction of a
bridge across the Columbia at
Astoria despite State Highway
Commission objections. They
don't seem to care that Governor
Hatfield has warned against the
issuance of any more bonds as a
threat to the entire state highway
program, a program which must
go ahead at the same time out
standing bonds are being paid off
with interest which might have
bought additional paving.
Gathering support from other
groups, who want pork barrel
financing for other special proj
' ects, the lot lobby is brazenly
asking that Oregon's slate gas
lax be increased to finance at
least $25 million in new highway
bonds. And. mind you. this is hap
pening at the same time the leg
islature is struggling to find
enough money to take care of a
basketlul of critical public needs.
Sure, additional taxes would pre
vent depletion nf cash funds avail
able for programmed highway
projects. But we've a strong no
lion that Oregonians. generally,
are well satisfied with the way
priorities have been assigned for
continued improvement of all
slate highways. We doubt that the
majority of Oregonians are in
any mood lo see the legislature ap
prove a crash program which
would add a hall-cent to the
price of every gallon of gas
simply because a persistent self
interested minority insists on it.
Now we hope that some in
the majority will raise quick pro
tests to remind the legislature of
these facts.
' LETTERS
Increose
Several letters have been writ
ten succeMing the people of Klam
ath Kalis would not be willing to
vole themselves a tax increase in
order to enlarge their school sys
tem I hope they. also, would not
be willing to vote the rural people
a tax raise to enlarge their school
system. I sincerely believe there
are a lot of people who would not,
il they understood our situation.
looking into it, we find that
tlie rural taxes would increase
mills per family under a one
unit system. Will this make all
students equal? Will there he a
swimming pnn for the 39 students
at B!y Will we hire enou;h
teachers and buy enough equip
ment at Bonanza to equal the edu
cational opportunities at Henley or
Kl? Is it even a piaclical
klea lo try lo equal all students '
vie do not think so We have
stayed it inn our budect in the
rural district. Our children are
celling a sound basic education,
which is what we can afford to
give them.
What advantaces would tax
raise have, then, lor the rural
people
Same On f'il.
By PETER EDSON
Washington Correspondent
WASHINGTON (NEAI-Ameri-can
investors looking for business
opportunities in developing na
tions now have an assurance that
debts contracted by the govern
ment of a foreign country will
he paid hy a succeeding adminis
tration which seizes power by rev
olution. A four-year-old test case on this
issue involving Howard Interna
tional, Inc., of New York and
the government of Turkey has
just been approved by the Turk
ish parliament.
This action makes it unneces
sary for the United States to
threaten a cutoff of American
aid to Turkey as a means of en
forcing payment.
In view of President Kennedy's
recent proposals to promote
greater private investment over
seas, settlement of the Howard
case sets an important precedent
for furthering the aid program.
Howard International, headed
by Sidney A. Lovvry. is an im
porting company that has brought
large quantities of Turkish
chrome into the United States.
In 1954 Howard officials were
approached by Ahmet Oguz Akal
who had large personal mining
interests and also headed a gov
ernment ministry for resource
development. He wanted to find
a small steel mill in the United
States which could be brought to
Turkey to make construction in
dustry bars and shapes. Such a
mill would cut down Turkish
dollar purchases of steel products,
conserve foreign exchange and
reduce aid.
Howard located a SO.IXKMon mill
owned by a company in financial
difficulty. Contracts were signed
in July 1956 to export this mill
to Turkey for sale to Akal at
$2 4 million.
The Turkish government issued
the necessary import permits and
the Agricultural Bank of Turkey,
Ziraat, issued a guarantee of pay
ment letter to Chase Manhattan
Bank of New York, for benefit of
Howard.
Tlie mill was shipped in August
1959 and Howard received pay
WASHINGTON REPORT
By FULTON LEWIS JR.
At long last, alter considerable
prodding. President Kennedy has
unveiled his Cuban policy: Blame
Ike.
He used a nationally-televised
press conference to answer crit
ics who charge that the Adminis
tration has formulated no policy
at all. Eyes flashing, he admit
ted there is "a good deal of
concern in the United States be
cause Castro is still there." He
continued to outline his policy:
"I think it is unfortumate that
he was permitted to assume con
trol in tlie 1950s and perhaps
i. would have been easier to take
an action then than it is now."
One thing is certain: John Ken
nedy not once warned of Castro's
rise lo power, not once asked if
the bearded one might not he
something less than a modern-day
.Simon Bolivar. I sat in the Sen
ate Press Gallery many times and
watched others George Smathers
for one warn of danger to the
South. And John Kennedy yawned.
It was not until January, I960,
seven years alter Castro opened
his revolution, a full year alter
that revolution was won. that
Senator Kennedy publicly ack
nowledged Castro's existence. In
his book. "The Strategy of Peace."
he wrote that "Castor is part of
the Icnacy of Bolivar."
He indicated that it was per
haps unwise of President Eisen
hower to back "so long and un
critically" the anti-Communist Ful
gencio Batista. Should not Eisen
hower have given Castro "a
warmer welcome in his hour of
triumph?" asked the very junior
Senator from Massachusetts.
Four months later. Kennedy was
questioned about Cuba on Wash
ington television. Asked if the
United Stales should take positive
action against Castro. Kennedy
hemmed and hawed thusly:
"Well the situation in Cuba, of
course, continues to deteriorate
but lor the present I think the
Administration's policy is the
right one . . . for the time be
ing. I would conduct our policy
on the basis that it is being con
ducted. Tlie situation could chance
al any time ... for the present.
I support the Administration pull
ey." The situation, apparentlv.
rhan;ed. In campaicn travels
Irom coast In coast. Kennedv
sensed that tlie people desired ac
tion He told cheering Americans
on Oct. tj. WJl:
"We must end the harass
ment, which this government has
carried on. o liberty-loving anti
("astro forces in Cuha and in oth
er lands While we cannot vio
Private Investment
Overseas Protected
ments in I960 of approximately
$1.5 million. The Ziraat bank ac
knowledged delivery of the mill
in Istanbul and released Howard
from its performance bond. The
contract did not call for Howard
to erect the mill.
All this happened during the
regime of Turkey's Premier Ad
nan Menderes. But in May laso,
it will be recalled this govern
ment was overthrown by the
Army under Lt. Gen. Carnal Gur
sel. Parliament was dissolved, Pres
ident Celal Bayar, Menderes and
several hundred more officials
and businessmen, including Akal,
were arrested, tried and s e n
tenced to prison for crimes
against the Turkish constitution.
Menderes and two cabinet ofli
cers were executed and President
Bayar is sl;ll conlincd.
The new government soon found
itself in strained financial condi
tion. It was charged that purchase
ol the mill had been an extrava
gance of the old regime.
The mill was never erected
and the $900,000 due Howard went
unpaid. The Turkish press took
up the case and it became a hot
political issue.
The consequences of nonpay
ment could have been serious for
Turkey. Section 620-C of the 1962
Foreign Aid Act provides that
when a bank owned or controlled
by a foreign government fails to
honor a guaranty issued in favor
of an American firm, further for
eign aid will not be granted.
The U.S. State Department and
Ambassador Raymond Hare in
Ankara moved in to support How
aid's claim. For over two years
every diplomatic pressure was
exerted to persuade the Turks
to pay the debt.
The new government, now un
der Premier Ismct Inonu would
not take responsibility for pay
ment of Die claim. Instead, after
several cabinet meetings. Inonu
introduced a hill in parliament,
asking authorization for p a y-
ment. lt passed.
It is expected that Howard's
claim soon will be paid, re-establishing
Turkey's claim that in
credit is good.
Kennedy Policies
On Cuba Question
late international law, we must
recognize that these exiles and
rebels represent the real voice of
Cuba, and should not be constant
ly handicapped by our Immigra
tion and Justice Department au
thorities." So favorable was the reiction
that candidate Kennedy continued
to play the theme. Five days lat
er, on Oct. 20, he said:
"We must attempt to strength
en the non-Batista democratic
anti-Castro forces in exile ind in
Cuha itself who offer eventual
hope of overthrowing Castro."
Two and a half years later,
the same exiles, the same "liberty-loving
anti-Castro forces." are
threatened with deportation, with
jail, for doing exactly what candi
date Kennedy advocated in 1960,
winning back their homeland.
Note: The only foreign policy
question that seemed to concern
Senator Kennedy prior lo his Pres
idential campaign was Algeria. In
his first major foreign policy
speech, in 1957, the Senator
urged the Administration to pres
sure France into giving up its
African colony.
Former Secretary of State Dean
Acheson. a Democrat, derided the
.Senator's Algerian proposals a
"the supreme touch of naivete "
New York Congressman Emanuel
Celler. another Democrat, wss bit
ing in his observations:
"I know France well and havf
spent some time in Alceria. Can
Senator Kennedy sav the urne'
Does he realize that if the french
were to leave Alceria. the va
cuum created would be quickly
filled hv Communist influences
Does he know that tne rebellion
there is being omenled and the
rebel forces are heme supplied
with arms by the newest dictator
in appear on the iniernalional
scene. Communist-hacked Nasser
of Egypt'"
How right, it iurnp(j ou, ,
Consressman Cellar. An independ
ent Alceria is tortav firmly im
planted in the neutralist camp.
Dictator Ahmed Ben Bella par
rots the Communist hc and is
wires Fidel (astro that inc!
Sam should get out of OtianUt
mo Bav
THEY
SAY...
My feeling u that within s ei
can come nf necki.-.r
-Candy Jone,. (onnf(. mwjf
and author of (,1(f
book.
i