i y-ixij-ixi.' i.rinrwi-i nmrt-i-r -----
PAGE -A
HERALD AND NEWS, Klamath Falls, Oregon
Thursday, April 25, 1963
NOTHING
SPECIAL
"How Dare You Bypass Me?"
fcdii&uaL (paqsL
Somebody" Is Concerned
(W. B. S.I
Reports from the U.S. General Account
ing Office roll out two and three a day, faster
than anybody can read them.
These reports do not necessarily audit
irregularities, but are aimed it carelessness
in the handling of millions of government
dollars.
It cost $41 million to run the GAO for
the fiscal year ending last June 30. But it
collected $48 million in refunds and effected
other savings of $114 million for a total of
$162 million, which is nearly a four-to-one
ratio of return.
The comfort in this for taxpayers at this
time of year is that there is really somebody in
Washington who is concerned about govern
ment spending, mistakes, inefficiency and
waste and tfies to do something about it.
Though Comptroller General Joseph
Campbell, who has headed GAO since 1954,
Is the servant of Congress, his day - to - day,
blue-bound paperback reports, ranging in size
from only a dozen pages to fat books over an
inch thick, are so voluminous that no con
gressman can keep up with them.
There were 822 GAO reports to Congress
last year and 113 to the Budget Bureau. There
were 766 investigations of 411 government
contractors. There were 152 reviews at 611
U.S. military installations.
There also were 459 reviews at 1,359
civil government locations. There were
audits of 4.5 million bills of lading and of
2.3 million requests for government trans
portation. A total of $30 million in over
charges was recovered.' And so on.
A few of these reports make brief sen
sations, but most get routine news coverage.
Carelessness in handling government funds
is old stuff and the conscience of the country
is caloused to it. The impact is not what it
should be.
It takes something like the annual report
of the comptroller general, which has just
come out, to get a perspective on this whole
effort and its magnitude.
The report itself is not dramatic reading
and it will never become a best seller ($1.75
from the Government Printing Office), even
with rave reviews. But it is scandalous read
ing just the same.
It takes nearly 5,000 government em
ployes to staff the General Accounting Of
fice, more than 3,000 in Washington and the
rest in some 120 field offices in the United
States and in 22 foreign countries where
military and economic aid projects were
checked into.
The 365 lawyers on the GAO staff
handled 4,400 decisions last year. They set
tled 15,000 claims against the government
and helped Department of Justice on 60 cases
in which suits for $4.4 million were settled
for $2.6 million at a $1.8 million saving.
More than 150 GAO lawyers were as
signed to congressional committees to help
in their investigations.
Among the important savings which GAO
is credited with last year are these:
Reduction in Air Force proficiency
flying costs, $13 million last year with anoth
er $32 million to be saved this year.
Cancellation of planned procurement,
$18 million.
Cancellation of requisitions for sup
plies not needed, $12 million.
Transfer -of materials from one agency,
to another, $30 million.
Reclamation of parts from excess air
craft engines, $8 million.
GAO has no authority to audit the ac
counts on U.S. government contributions of
nearly $100 million last year to international
organizations. That, in the opinion of Camp
bell, is one of the major loopholes in his oper
ations, since the United States is the biggest
contributor to most of them.
The Creation Of Instant History
One of Dwight Elsenhower's former
speech writers, Enimelt Hughes, Is stirring a
few feathers with his fairly intimate memoirs
of life around the White House under "Ike."
Il is reported that President Kennedy
quickly devoured Hughes' book, "The Ordeal
of Power." Aside from his natural Interest in
what his predecessor did, Kennedy may be
curious about the role of writers In high .
places.
He has a few close by himself. One is
Arthur Schlesinger, historian, who says he
has already learned enough to cast in doubt
his old historian's techniques. Another is Mc
George Bundy, foreign affairs specialist.
One could forgive Kennedy for wonder
ing, in the light of Hughes' effort, whether
fellows like Schlesinger and Bundy whip out
their little notebooks the .moment they leave
the President's office.
After all, if good history is getting hard
to write as Schlesinger says, putting the stuff
clown quick seems vital. But the new method
involves another problem how to keep the
historian himself from now and then upstag
ing the other. White House performers, s
IN WASHINGTON
All iance Slogans Failure
By RALPH dc TOLUDANO
In politics, old slogans ncvor
die (hey just become Institution
alized, Most of the economic poll,
cies being touted today by learned
liberal ideologues arc based on the
slogans of the 1930s and imposed
by badgered legislators on situa
tions of a fur different nature
than those which obtained them.
And so it is with the Alliance
for Progress, President Kennedy's
"answer" to Communism In.Latin
America.
Tho slogans on which the Al
liance for Progress are based
have become so accepted that few
bother to determine (1) if they
are valid, and (2) if the solutions
to which they Inevitably point will
help or hurt In the fight against
Communist penetration..
In answer to charges of a "do
nothing" Cuban policy, the" Presi
dent and other Administration
spokesmen have said ropcutcdly
that the only way to defeat Com
munism south of the border Is to
Improve living standards and eco
nomic conditions. As a general
proposition, every American will
endorse tho betterment of life
among our Latin neighbors. But
historically, the theory of "belly
Communism" has never been
found to apply and this Is dem
onstrably so in Latin America.
Look at the facts and figures.
Cuba under Batista was the
fourth most prosperous country in
Latin America, basing tills figure
on the per capita share of tho
Gross National Product. Yet Cuba
went Communist. Venezuela, with
the highest per capita share of
GNP, is among the Latin Ameri
can nations most threatened. Ac
cording to some experts, it Is
Esed on a razor's edge and may
Into the Red abyss at any
mcnt. (Venezuela's GNP Is
more than double that of ita clos
est rival.) Brazil, which ranks
eighth, and Is among the moro
prosperous Latin nations, is In a
period of crisis and could be vic
timized by Communist revolt on
the so-far withheld signal of Niki
ta Khrushchev. Some of the poor
er nations of the inter-American
alliance are among the freest
from Communist Infiltration or ag
itation. So much for the basic thesis
ol the Alliance (or Progress
namely, that improving economic
conditions will forestall a Com
munist takeover. But what of the
procedural whereby the Alliance
for Progress proposes to bring
prosperity to Latin America?
U.S. foreign aid officials south of
the border are pressing a pro
gram designed In Washington. Tho
exports say that one important
phase of it is more likely to hurt
than to help the economics of the
participating nations. ,
Here again, an old slogan dom
inates. Tile answer to poverty and
tho way to win over the lower
classes which are presumably
picy to Communist agitation is,
we arc told, "land reform." (It
used to be called "agrarian re
form" until Mao Tsc-luug and the
Chinese Reds look over that
phrase. I
But "land reform" as pushed
by the Alliance for Progress will
do precisely the opposite of what
it is intended to do. Very briefly,
it w ill simultaneously decrease ag
ricultural production and the in
come of the Latin American farm
er. It will also depress the econo
my by forcing the countries in
volved to import more- food
thereby reducing their foreign ex
change and the capital accumula
tions necessary for-the industrial
growth so badly needed.
Tho reason for this is very sim
ple. As former Under Secretary
of Commerce Philip A. Hay points
out In his careful study of Latin
America, "South Wind Red," Lat
in American leaders arc Increas
ingly "recognizing that the intro
duction of modern farm techniques
In mechanization, irrigation, and
fertilization rather than fragmen
tation or 'land reform'" is
tho sole means of increasing
farm productivity. Modern tech
niques require capital and large
land holdings to be workable.
At present roughly 50 per cent of
the Latin American labor force is
providing an inadequate supply of
food. If the farms of today are
chopped up thut percentage will
rise. The labor force necessary
for urban and rural industrializ
ation will not be available and
Latin America will find itself in
the same kind of economic bind as
Red China and the Soviet Union.
If these points are not sufficient
ly convincing, there is one clinch
er. Country after country in
Latin America has attempted laud
rclorm by fragmentation. It has
never worked. If the U.S. wants to
encourage individual initiative in
Latiit. America, it should prevail
on the governments there to turn
over to venturesome souls some
ol its vast holdings of uncultivat
ed land as America did in the
days when we opened the West.
Al
manac
By United Press International
Today Is Thursday, April 23,
the 115th day of 1W3 with 250 to
follow.
The mo'on is approaching its
first quarter.
The morning stars are Venus
and Saturn.
Tlie evening stars are Mercury
and Mars.
Those born on this dale include
the Italian Inventor of the wire
less, Marconi, in 11174.
In 1H4H, the first shots of the
Mexican War were lircd.
in 1!KU, New York became the
first slate to require license plates
on automobiles and 954 cars were
icRisterod.
In V.M5, the U.S. First Army
and Russian troops joined forces
over the Elbe River.
In lt'45. delegates from 46 coun
tries met at San Francisco to
form Ilic United Nations.
PROPOSED f
MSHIWTW-MOSCOW V
HOT LIKE r
STRICTLY
PERSONAL
By SYDNEY J. HARRIS
Purely Personal Prejudices:
The two rarest public types in
the world of politics are the lib
eral who knows what requires to
be changed and the conservative
who knows which things are worth
conserving but these are only one
out of a thousand, in both camps.
i
Small children instinctively
feel more at home with animals
than with adults; and this natur
al affinity, I think, is simply
that animals do not pretend to
be, or feel, what they arc not.
Some critics pay so much ven
eration to the authors of antiquity
. not so much out of reverence for
the dead as out of spite and envy
toward the living.
The fatal flaw that forever pre
vents the clever man from becom
ing the wise man is his refusal
to accept the truth of La Roche
foucauld's maxim: "On pent etre
plus fin qu'un autre, mais non
pas plus fin que tons les autres"
"One person can be astutcr than
another, but not astutcr than all .
the others."
A person may not believe your
flattery, and may like you no bet
ter for it, but still he cannot help
being pleased that you consider
him worth flattering.
When we say that someone
has "Independent means," we
usually mean precisely the oppo
sitethat he or she has inherit
ed or married money and is de
pendent upon the legacy
achieved through another's ef
forts. Such "independence" most
often exacts a high price.
Watching a beautifully groomed
and skillfully madc-up woman in
an elevator keep patting her hair
with her fingers and adjusting her
coat collar, it occurred to me that
if woman lacks repose all her
contrived appeal turns to ashes
in the beholders' eyes; and a
woman who is overly-conscious of
being well turned out, and preoc
cupied with the impression she is
creathr;, utterly destroys what
she is trying to achieve.
(And wasn't it Madame Rcca
mier's definition of a "lady" that
"she never thinks of being one?")
To explain away a mistake is a
more grievous error than making
the mistake in the first place
I he consequences of making a mis
take can usually be rectified,
but the habit of explaining away
'prevents all future learning and
growth.
If people were prevented from
chattering about the recent
books they have read, nine
tenths of the volumes on the
best-seller list would perish in
their first edition.
Knowledge is power only when it
is based on self-knowledge; other
wise it becomes either ineffectual
or self-destructive.
THE GLOBAL VI EW
Red Agents
Plot Latin
Strategy
By LEON DENNEN
Newspaper Enterprise Analyst
WASHINGTON i.NE.V - While
President Kennedy seeks to re
vitalize the Alliance for Progress,
Soviet agents are plotting another
"round of revolutions" in Latin
America.
The long range strategy to be
used in the Kremlin's new thrust
below the Rio
THEY
SAY...
The average John Bircher
would not know a Communist if
he met Khrushchev face to face
in Moscow's Red Square.
-Hep. Carl Elliot, D-Ala.
Tree Talk
Answer to Previous Puxile
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14 Trees cover 49
much of the
earth's fit
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16 Boy's name M
17 Military sile oh
18 Playing cards firt
Ii0 Christmas song 57
21 Female saint 5ft
lab 1 59
22 Certain tree B0
product
25 Chemical suffix ,
26 Stray
2ft Candies
31. Ami (Latin) 3
32 Rind
33 Tree seed
coat in r 5
35 Symbol for 6
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amount
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mountain
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for instance
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27 Harvest
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34 Seine islet
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37 Papal capos
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40 Kxpunger
41 Simmer (Scot.)
412 Incline
44 Negative reply
41 lamentations
48 Dispatched
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What Next Dop't.: In this
week's Western Livestock Journal
there's a picture of a helicopter
hovering over a cattle feeding lot.
And here's what the caption be
neath the picture reads believe
it or not! "This Arizona feedlut
is shown receiving an application
of deodorant by special helicop
ter designed to spray the new
CS 17 deodorizing chemical. The
scene is the McElhaney Cattle
Co. at Tempe. Goodyear farms
and other Arizona feeders are
experimenting with the new
spray-on deodorant in efforts to
wilve problems created by civili-vi-tion
wrapping itself around the
cattle business, then complain
ing about the odor."
Who knows, we may lick this
1 zoning problem yot.
, The American Medical Associ
ation reports that accidental poi
sonings, mostly in the home,
have become one of the major
causes of accidents in America,
particularly to small children.
It's no wonder a quarter of a
million products used in the home
and in industry are potentially
hazardous.
The products aren't to be
blamed they serve wanted, use--ful
and essential purposes. The
fault lies in the way they are
handled. The AMA offers a set
of simple rules to prevent poi
soning in the home:
Keep all drugs, poisonous
substances and household clicmi
. cals out of reach of children.
Do not transfer polnsonous sub
stances to unlabeled containers.
Never re-use containers of
chemical substances. Do not
leave discarded medicines where
children or pets might get' at
them. Never tell children you
are giving them candy when
you arc actually giving them
medicine. Read the labels before
using chemical products. Never
give or .take medicines in the
dark.
" Another important stricture is
that speed is essential to stop ab
sorption of a puison. If possible.
Grande was
spelled out at a
secret round ta
ble of top Latin
American Reds
: held recently in
Moscow.
Chairman of
the conclave was
A. Rumyantsev,
a member of the Central Commit
tee of the Russian Communist
Party and Niklta Khrushchev's
top international trouble shooter.
The architects of Russia's power
plot, according to a secret blue
print now studied by U.S. special
ists on communism, stressed the
importance of wooing and even
carrying on "an illicit love affair
with democracy," to speed the
Red takeover in Latin America.
Communists must bring into the
fight against American imperial
ism "as many allies as possible
even temporary and unsteady al
lies," Uumyantsev urged the Lat
in American Red chieftains. "We
must form a single National-Democratic
Front which unites all the
progressive and patriotic forces in
your respective countries."
The delegate from Brazil. J. Go
render, chided Latin American
Reds for directing their main as
sault against their "national bour
geoisie" and not against the Unit
ed States. He criticized them for
their failure to fight for a united
front which "must always be un
der the leadership of the Commu
nist pfi-ty."
O. Ghioldi, Argentina's Red
chieftain, informed the meeting
that the aim of his party has al
ways been the creation of a Na- .
tional-Democratic Front of Com
munists, followers of the ousted
dictator Juan Peron and other po
litical groups formed "as a result
of splits among the traditional
democratic parties."
Every speaker at the Red con-
clave spoke of the need for a
union of industrial workers and
campesinos (peasants'. This could
only be attained if the Commu
nists "raised the flag of the fight
lor land."
Cuba's top Red, Bias Roca,
' said the undisguised revolutionary
brinkmanship of Red China's Mao
Tse-tung was the main obstacle
in the way of (lie creation of a
single National-Democratic Front
in Latin America.
Uruguay's representative J.
Masscr said that even some capi
talists and land owners could Like
part in association uith Commu
nists in such fronts. He hastened
to add that "these fronts are to
be temporary in nature." They
w ill be backed by the Communists
until conditions for revolutions in
Latin America have been created.
Moscow's new long range plan
for action in the Western Hemis
phere was obviously devised to
counteract the growing support for
President Kennedy's Alliance (or
Progress. But it is also designed
to check in Latin America the
rising influence of Mao Tse-lung
who is backed by Fidel Castro
but not bv Cuba's pro-Muscovite
He.lv
one person should begin first aid
while another calls a physician.
And the poison container with
its label and remaining contents
should be saved and given to the
physician or the hospital.
The final point is that pre
vention is much easier than treat
ment. Take a look around your
home for potential hazards and
correct them today.
The following "creed" or vari
ations of it are finding more and
more circulation. 1 first heard
of it during last November's
political campaign. Then,
again, it popped up when a Ro
tary speaker used it earlier this ,
spring. Even more recently, it has
been in several exchanges of one
sort or another. It goes:
"I do not choose to be a
common man. It is my right to
be uncommon if I can. I seek
opportunity not security. I do not
wish to be a kept citizen, hum
bled and lulled by having the
state look after me. I want to
take the calculated risk; to dream
and to build, to fail and to suc
ceed. I refuse to barter incentive
for a dole. I prefer the chal
lenges of life to the guaranteed
existence; the thrill of fulfillment '
to the slate calm of Utopia. I
will not trade freedom for benefi
cence nor my dignity for a hand
out. It is my heritage to think
and act for myself, enjoy the
benefit of my creations, and to
face the world boldly and say this
is what I have done. All this is
what it means' to be an Ameri
can." High sounding words. It Is
unfortunate that many of the
people who mouth this and sim
ilar statements arc those who
work hard at ripping apart the
structure that made America
great.
A couple of die-hards are Wes
Guderian and Mel Howie. Wes
has a Unandcr sticker on the
front bumper of his horseless
carriage and Mel still plugs Bob
Chandler for Congress on his
Volks.
EDSON IN WASHINGTON .
Arab Area Seekinc
Stability, Direction
By PETER EDSON
Washington Correspondent
Newspaper Enterprise Assn.
WASHINGTON (NEA) While
the new United Arab Republic of
Egypt. Iraq and Syria is of im
mediate concern to the Near East,
it has a longer range interest
for the whole Aral) world.
The entire area from Morocco
to the Persian Gulf is now in a
state of ferment arid growth.
No one can foretell whether it
will explode into many little wars
or even a big one.
It might emerge more or less
peacefully into a new Pan-Arab
force the rest of the world will
have to appraise anew.
When the phrase "Arab world"
is used, it means all people who
speak Arabic and are Mohamme
dans. There are from 80 to 83
million of them.
The new U.A.R. will have 45
million 28 million in Egypt, 12
million in Iraq, five million in
Syria.
Other Arab countries cast of
the Suez Canal have a total pop
ulation of from 12 to 15 million.
Saudi Arabia lias seven million,
Yemen perhaps three million. Leb
anon a million and a half. Jordan
ender a million. Kuwait 230,000.
The Federation uf Southern Ara
bian Slates Aden, Oman. Muscat
and 23 other sultanates the Brit
ish protectors are trying to put
together may have a total popu
lation of only 600,000. But they
have a place in any redi awing
ol the Arab world map.
In North Africa west of Egypt
are 22 million Arabs. Libya, Al
geria, Tunisia and Morocco are
the big units. But northern Sudan
is Arabic, as are Mali. Spanish
Sahara and Maurctania.
The Arab world has no idea
where it is going collectively. Nor
do its individual members know
their own future.
There are loose alliances every
where. The 13 principal Arab
countries 11 if you now count
the U.A.R. as one are joined in
an Arab League. It is a regional
organization patterned alter the
Organization of American States
and having similar delects and
w t aknesses.
Egypt is the principal power in
the Arab League and its main
support. The Voice of Cairo dom
inates the Arab world airwaves
and the transistor radio is the
alarm clock that awakens the gi
ant, The Casablanca group, in which
the King Hassan 11 of Morocco is
rnme mover for "Magrcb" or
western unity, includes also Alge
ria. Tunisia, Ghana, Guinea and
Mali.
There are also larger, Inter
African and Malagasay organi
zations of former French and
British colonies. They wrote a
charter last December but are still
in the negotiating stage.
The .United Slates would like
to have Britain and France play
tlie largest possible role in the
development of Africa, since
American aid can't do it all.
Still, U.S. aid to Arab world
countries has totaled $2 billion
since 1945 $100 milliion of it mili
tary assistance to Iraq, Jordan,
Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Morocco
and Tunisia. This does not include
the cost of U.S. bases in Morocco,
which will be evacuated at the
cud of 1963.
The kingdom of Libya, which
could have the most viable econ
omy in tlie Arab world, is still
an uncertain quantity.
Old King Idris! I, a former Arab
emir whose family has ruled
East Libya for 200 years, was
enthroned with British help in
1951.
Egypt has long hoped that this
eastern half eventually will join
U.A.R. Tunisia has hopes it might
form a union with western Libya.
In 1(155 Libya granted oil con
cessions to one French, two Brit
ish and tluee American compa
nies. Tiiey have developed rich
producing fields. But Libya has
not used .its oil revenues wisely.
It has no development plan, no
drive, no leadership.'
Principal American interest in
l.ibva is Wheeius Field, where
NATO pilots can train year-round
la perfect flying weather. There
is no pressure from the Libyans
c have this field evacuated. Whee
ius was the main staging area for
U.N. operations in the Congo.
On top of all the purely Arabian
political rivalries and alliances,
there is a large movement (or
more African unity. Thirty two
heads of African nations have now
accepted invitations to attend a
Pan-African organization meeting
in Addis Ababa May 23.
What might come out of this
meeting in the way ol a charter
for permanent organization cannot
be predicted.
Due of its most useful purposes
could be tu offset a Communist
organized Afro-Asian solidarity
conference held in Nairobi, Kenya,
last February.
Its principal development was a
Russia-Red China clash. And that
points up the most disturbing ele
ment to watch in African cvolu.
turn the ever present threat of
Communist agitation and infilUa'
lion. '.