PACE 6-A
HERALD AND NEWS, Klamath Falls, Ore.
Friday, April II, 1963
"Here, Son, Go Buy a New Test Tube"
EDSON IN WASHINGTON .
Johnson Tries To
'Manage' History
ir
The
S." In American political life, those who hold
stoutly either to liberal or to conservative doc
::'trine are by that fact much attached to the
power of words.
Many liberals made no secret of it that
their durable affection for Adlai Stevenson,
the 1952-56 Democratic presidential nominee,
was due In considerable part to his superb
command of the English language.
Beyond Stevenson, the liberals have
shown greatest interest in those figures who,
like Minnesota's Sen. Hubert Humphrey, tend
to articulate the liberal philosophy in "fight
ing terms."
. It should be no surprise that matters are
exactly the same on the Right. A substantial
part of Sen. Barry Goldwater's appeal to con
servatives is his dramatization as a fighter, a
man who rips the opposition up the back.
It is not in derogation of the "word
fighters" on either side to observe that they
can with little difficulty find "applause
points" which touch their audiences off in out
bursts of cheering.
A liberal, chiding our leaders for too
much emphasis upon the military element in
our ties to foreign friends, can raise the roof
with: "What we need is more warm hearts and
less cold steel."
A conservative, rapping big government,
can do the same with: "Let's get the govern
ment out of our private lives, and let the
people in their infinite wisdom make their
own decisions."
Yet stony silence can greet the middle
roader, addressing either liberals or conserva
tives, when he says:
The
(Tha Christian Science Monitor)
The one important fact about the current
battle over "managed news" is that it will
not, and should not, come to an end.
Reporters will continue to press for the
maximum of news and often to fight for it.
The degree of responsibility and irresponsi
bility which they exercise will vary accord
ing to occasions, individual' reporters and
news media.
Officials will continue to do a variety of
things: follow an open or a closed news poli
cy depending on their inclination and instruc
tions; put out favorable publicity for their
nolioles and actions: trv to sunnress or muf
fle news of their mistakes; safeguard diplo
matic and military secrecy; use the cloak of
that secrecy to keep prying reporters at bay;
coddle "friendly" reporters and hold others at
arm's length.
Some reporters will respond to bland
ishment or banishment. Others will just do
their job.
This is a built-in conflict which Is in the
IN WASHINGTON
What
By RALPH de TOLEDANO
UNESCO Is an agency of the
United Nations. It concerns itself
with such activities as plumbing
the depths of the Indian Ocean,
organizing youth conferences nt
which tlio United States is round
ly criticized, and publishing po.
litical tracts.
The UNESCO budget is for $39
million, of which the United States
pays 30.50 per cent. The Soviet
Union contributes 13.18 per cent,
which is pretty cheap consider
ing that it uses UNESCO, as
even the State Department will
grudgingly admit, as a propa
ganda sounding board.
The State Department gets
very distraught at UNESCO's per
formance and promises Congress
faithfully that It is doing every
thing within its power to make
sure this U.N. boondoggle straight
ens out and flies right. What
"everything" means is one of
those mysteries which our legis
lators on Capitol Hill fail to solve.
Some members of UNESCO
don't pay their assessments, but
the United States, like 01' Man
Hivcr, Just keep rollin' along. The
U.K. doesn't have to belong to
UNESCO, or to share Its problems
with the other 112 memliers. but
it chooses to do so on the princi
ple that the U.N. is our last, best
hope of peace. Amen.
UNESCO publishes hooks and
pamphlets which are distributed
free to libraries around the
world. By this method, humanity's
store of knowledge is presumably
increased at a substantial cost,
of course. But UNESCO publics
tions are not bound by tlx rules
of historical accuracy one would
expect from a bona fide world
organltaUon. In fact there aro
few. It ny, regulations or guide
lines to insure that what Is Issued
Power Of Words
"Restoring the nation's economy is a very
complex matter, with no black and white solu
tions. This year we are trying this particular
tax formula. If it doesn't work, we'll try some
thing else."
A typical response of the doctrinaire
liberal or conservative to such talk: "What did
he say?"
The truth is, the doctrinaire people are
worshipers of order in a world with not much
of it. In small matters they seek the neat
package. In large affairs the grand design.
They are not readers of history but persistent
revisers of history.
They believe that the leader who ex-,
presses such designs through a pattern of
firmly uttered words will succeed in impos
ing order on events.
Certainly there are moments in history
when this may be so. Sir Winston Churchill's
eloquent utterances in World War II bespoke
a grand design: the survival of Britain and
all free lands. Our founding fathers gave his
toric expression to a national purpose that
has guided us nearly 200 years.
Forceful words are always an important
ingredient of leadership, but they have their
' limits. Even in crisis, their usefulness is gov
erned by the hard realities in the field of ac
tion. It is especially so in times of sharply
divided outlook like the present. ,
We need the seekers &i ter order. But we
need not buy their argument that all is lost
without it. For most of the order the world
has had was provided by those after-the-fact
packagers we call historians.
Right To Know
public interest. There have always been
checks and balances in the realm of public
information about government. They are
sometimes painful because there are abuses
on both sides, but they add up to a system that
is better than any other system.
The public has a right to know as much
as government can tell without violating
genuine security or the indispensable need
to keep policies and negotiations secret un
til they are ready to announce. In the long
run the public has a right to know virtually
everything. 1
This right is best served by public of
ficials who believe in keeping the public as
well informed as possible, and by reporters
who are responsible as well as hard diggers
for news. It is best safeguarded by the means
available to government to keep a secret if
it really wants to, and the tenacity of reporters
In blasting loose anything else. And it is fi
nally preserved by the kind of public inquiry
and debate that is now taking place. Both
sides are examined for what they have done,
not done or overdone.
Price UNESCO?
under UNESCO's imprimatur Is
at all accurate.
Recently, the Senate Foreign
Relations Committee made nn In
quiry Into one of UNESCO's pub
lications, a book entitled "Equali
ty of Rights Between Races and
Nationalities in the U.S.S.R."
Since this book is distributed as
gospel truth to students of the
United Slates and other nations.
It might he assumed that the
assignment for this project would
have gone to a scholar known
lor his objectivity. Instead,
UNESCO gave the job to a So
viet writer, which is pretty much
like asking Frank Coslello to
write about New York's racke
teers. The Kremlin's propaganda
ministry couldn't have done any
belter, which is hardly surprising
since the propaganda ministry
probably wrote the book. What
does It say? Here are a few
examples to remember when Con
gress debates appropriations (or
the United Nations:
. Page 37: "In 11MU. the Soviet
regime was restored in the Baltic
Republics (Lithuania, Latvia, and
Estonia), which voluntarily
joined the Union." The facts are
somewhat different. The Baltic
Republics were free and independ
ent until 1940 when the Soviet
Union invaded them, called for
elections in which only Commu
nist candidates were permitted
In run, and then incorporated
them into (lie U.S.S R. During the
war and afterward, a large pro
portion of the Baltic peoples were
tossed into boxcars and kidnaped
into Siberian exile.
P. 42: "The unification of all
Hie elements of the Ukrainian
people within the framework of
a national Soviet state was final
ly achieved In 1!H3 after tlio de
struction of German fascism by
the Soviet army, when Transcar
pathian Ukraine became part of
the Ukrainian S.S.R. under a
friendly agreement between the
U.S.S.R. and the Czechoslovak
Republic with the wishes of the
pinple concerned."
What really happened? After
World War II. the Soviet Union
seized parts of Polaud which it
claimed as Ukrainian, harking
buck to Tsarist Russian bounda
ries wiped away by the self-determination
clauses of the Treaty
of Versailles. The U.S.S.R. also
seized parts of Czechoslovakia
which had never been part of
the Ukraine or Russia. The peo
ple of these regions voted to be
come Czech rather than Polish
or Russian. The territory was
forcibly seized. There was armed
resistance from tlio people until
nt least 1950. Hands of guerrillas
still roam the countryside, but
their numbers have steadily de
creased. On page 56, the UNESCO book
strives desperately to cover up
or excuse Soviet anti-Semitism.
It states, for instance, that "the
vast majority" of Soviet Jews
have "freely" given up their for
mer language and culture. The
facts: RO0 Jewish-language schools
have been forcibly shut down by
the Soviet government. The 2 3
million books in years in Yid
dish published prior to W orld W ar
II have boon cut down to zero.
Every aspect of Jewish culture
has become verboten and the
government systematically ex
cludes Jews from muny profes
sions and institutions of higher
learning.
This is the kind of material
UNESCO publishes, using U.S.
dollars. Tlio Stale IVpaitmeut is
upset, but nothing is done. Doesn't
it make you wonder?
By SYDNEY J. HARRIS
I was about to recommend a
newly published book of essays
by that remarkable Frenchwoman,
Simone Weil, who died during the
Second World War at the age of
34, and who has been described
by T. S. Eliot as having "a kind -of
genius akin to that of the
saints."
One of the essays in the book,
titled "The Power of Words,"
more effectively analyzes the
false and irrational conflicts in
the modern world than anything
else I have read.
Yet it occurred to, me that it is
precisely the people who most
need to read it who will not both
er, and the ones who will read it
are the ones who need it least.
This is the most frustrating as
pect of communication that only
the converted have open ears.
from Uie letters I get in re
sponse to many columns, it is evi
dent that, whatever their views,
most people do not listen to their
antagonists. They are looking only
for arguments that will confirm
their existing opinions. They do
not know how, and do not want
to, receive any kind of stimula
tion from the other side.
But a real education is ob
tained only in this way. Those we
disagree with are the only ones
who can stretch our intellectual
muscles, who can make us ques
tion and re-examine our basic
beliefs.
For example, I have recently
been reading a slim paperbound
edition of "Nietzsche and Chris
tianity," by Karl Jaspers, the
fine theologian. Nietsche was a
bitter enemy of Christianity in
all its aspects and yet Jaspers
finds in his pages many illuminat
This and That
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12 Manner's
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reuion
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45 Color
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STRICTLY
PERSONAL
ing insights into the nature of
religion.
His willingness to delve into
Nietzsche's thought, honestly and
deeply, has clarified, strengthened
and purified his own beliefs; for
nobody who fails to understand
the enemy can truly understand
his own position, its implications
and its limitations.
Likewise, one of the strongest
opponents of Plato's thought in
modern times has been R.H.S.
Crossman, the British political
Uieorist. But, as one of Plato's
severest critics, Crossman has
concluded:
"I still find the Republic the
greatest book on political philoso
phy which I have read. The more
1 read it, the more I hate it; and
yet I cannot help returning to it
time after time."
This is the only civilized attitude
a man can take toward his serious
adversaries: it is the only way
we grow, learn, change, develop,
and genuinely mature into a hu
man being. But the ones who most
need to know this are the ones
who stopped reading at the sec
ond paragraph.
QUESTIONS
AND
ANSWERS
Q Why are bats clumsy on the
ground? '
A Because their wings get in
their way and their knees bend
backward.
Q Who first portrayed Santa
Claus as he is represented today?
A Cartoonist Thomas Nasi first
pictured Santa Claus in today's
image in an 1862 cartoon.
Answer to Previous Pimle
IdIaIr
6 Measures of , 'JO Fruit
distance 31 Fraiimenls
9 Assam 33 TV's Burr
silkworm 38 Historical
MTinnc narrauve
It Bewildered 40 Legal
17 Calamitous documents
19 Sheriff's slaff 41 Burdened
23 Rustic 42 Persian title
24 Fountain drink 43 Cround ivy
2o Scandinavian 44 t'rince
nod
46 Proportion
47 Upbraid
26 Fabric
27 Sites
43 I jmpreys
Apv Si Wl Site 1P"Ig Te
SEINhiCiAWtMc5A TE!S
V-
LETTERS
Reply
1 have been challenged to pro
duce some evidence to back up
my statements on scholarships. I
am happy to comply.
First, concerning the length of
the commencement exercises: the
time involved to present 50-60
scholarships at approximately 2
minutes each (approach, speech,
handshake, etc.) can be figured
by anyone.
Second, I stated. "It is a fact
that 99 per cent of all scholar
ships are awarded on financial
need to a special few." Mr. Lcm
mon. head of the state scholar
ship program, spoke at a meet
ing in Klamath Falls on scholar
ships. In answer to my publicly
asked question, if there are any
scholarships not awarded on a
financial need basis, he informed
the audience that there were none
to his knowledge. He further in
formed the group that the award
ing bodies exercised the utmost
care to assure the financial need
of the recipient. College pam
phlets and catalogs verify this
information, also.
If parents who permit stu
dents to ask for gifts and fill out
financial need statements are not
needy, as Leora Egger and Tim
Mason contend in their letters,
something worse is being identi
fied. In my opinion, I do not
believe parents or students delib
erately lie to achieve a lucrative
award. I know many of them
have been confused and betrayed
into thinking their child has
earned a scholarship. If so. I
repeat, all those meeting the
scholastic qualifications would re
ceive their award. The truth is
that students, by being in
an upper per cent, qualify to ask
for a gift on a need basis. In this
Need Contest, the irresponsibility
and hardship of parents will give
a student leverage.
It is not immoral to "ask for
aid," but it is to lie about one's
need. Anyone who doubts the re
quirement of financial need
statements may sec them at my
home if they care to.
Yes, all graduating students
arc meritorious. Tim, I did not
say "equally" von supplied that
word. In my opinion, the future
plumber, truck driver, mechanic,
as well as the doctor, teacher,
t'nd statesman ate meritorious.
There is a difference between
merit and scholastic achievement
in this issue. One should not con
fuse achievement in a special
field as entitling one group to
usurp the honoring emphasis of
the commencement. It is impos
sible for me to belittle mv fol
lowman who will not go to the
university because of his percen
tile in a class. Parents and grad
uating students who "stuck it
out" are meritorious. 1 cannot
concede this point, Mr. Mason.
1 believe in the right of choice
of any organization, individual,
or industry to give a gift to
whomever they please for what
ever rational reason they choose.
What is a gift? It is a symbol
of the value of one man for an
other an expression of his es
teem. When it is given because
of need, it becomes an aim: when
tlie giver expects to control, it is
a bribe. A true gift is the golden
mean between an aim and a
bribe. If one chooses to give alms
rather than gifts. Matthew 61
slated a good plan. I know no
better way.
Yes. morality is a whole cloth.
A responsible parent leaches his
child not to ask for gilts when
he is small, and is consistent
when he becomes a senior, (iiv.
eis with moral integrity SELECT
recipients and neither require a
prostration of need nor sound
Iheir trumpets.
Flov .Johnson.
419 Delta.
By PETER EDSON
Washington Correspondent
WASHINGTON (NEAl - The
most important correction of his
tory since Nikita Khrushchev
look Joe Stalin's name out of
all the Russian school books has
just been made by Vice Presi
dent Lyndon B. Johnson.
People who saw the ABC tele
vision "Conversation With the
Vice President" thought they
heard him say that he had not
sought the presidency in 1980.
If this is the way it was. 10,-
000 reporters in Los Angeles in
July I960, including this one,
must have been 'nuts.
But you know how these jusl-before-bedtime
television shows
are. You only half listen. You
don't take notes. You're never
quite sure that you heard right
what you thought you heard.
The next day's newspapers,
however, confirmed it. And the
transcript of the proceedings
checks it out completely.
The vice president was inter
viewed by Bill Iawrence, Ed
Morgan and John Rolfson, which
is as good a team of political
reporters as you could ask for.
Near the end of the proceedings,
the transcript reads like this:
Morgan: "I ask this question
generally, as well as specifically.
Does a man, an accomplished
politician, such as yourself, who
has once reached for the presi
dency, at least for the nomina
tion, and failed, reconcile him
self not to reach again, or is it
in his blood, and he would like
to?"
After clearing the interference
of all those commas, which
showed even on the television
screens, back came this reply:
Johnson: "Well, Mr. Morgan,
1 don't consider that I ever
leached for the presidency. My
friends put me in the race in
I960. They felt that they should
have representation, and my
name should o before the con
vention. "I doubted the advisability of
this, and so stated on many oc
casions. ... As late as July 5,
when I announced I would let
my name go before the con
vention. I did not feel that I was
seeking the presidency. My
friends thought they ought to
have an opportunity to vote for
me, and I agreed ... I didn't
feel I was a candidate. I didn't
go into any primaries. I didn't
go out and ask any delegates
In commit themselves to me in
I960. And I have no plans to do
so now."
There wasn't lime for the three
By FULTON LEWIS JR.
A Florida congressman will
soon demand that Attorney Gen
eral Robert Kennedy list the Fail
Play for Cuba Committee as
"subversive."
Tampa's Bill Cramer, a Re
publican, told this reporter that
Kennedy has been derelict in his
failure to include Fair Play on his
list of subversive organizations.
In 1961. the annual report of J.
Edgar Hoover said:
"FBI investigations have also
shown that the Fair Play for Cuba
Committee has been heavily in
filtrated by the Community Par
ty and the Socialist Workers Par
ty, and these parties have actu
ally organized chapters of the
committee."
On the floor of the House Rep
resentative Cramer made these
charges:
Committees of House and Sen
ate have probed Fair Play, com
ing up with hundreds of paqes of
testimony indicating that Fair
Play has been a Castro-financed,
Red-run operation from the very
beginning.
One of the original founders of
Fair Play was Joanne Grant, a
lithe young Negro identified under
oath as one of the country's
"most promising" Reds.
In Chicago, the Fair Play op
eration is under the control of
John Rossen. a veteran Commu
nist who has headed up the St.
Louis branch of the party.
Los Angeles Fair Play is run
by leaders of the Socialist Work
ers Party, an organization listed
as subversive by the attorney
general. Mrs. Dorothy Healy. paid
Communist organizer for South
ern California, has been active in
Los Angeles Fair Play.
In Fair Play's short history
there have been three directors of
the organization. None is alleged
to have been a Communist.
The first man to run Fair Play
was Robert Taber. an ex-convict
who served lime for armed rob
bery. auto theft and kidnapping.
He defected to Cuba with $19,
000 in Fair Play funds, then re
turned to the states last year.
The second director of Fair
Play was Richard Gibson, "A
ace reporters to nail the man
down on this new version of his
tory. Or maybe they felt this is
what Texas is famous for, and
let it slide.
But it would be logical to ob
serve that if the vice president is
no more of a candidate for the
presidency now than he was in
1960, he has already started to
run for the nomination in 1968.
And his disclaimer could be in
terpreted as an effort to put him
self in the position of not being
a once-defeated candidate for
' the job but a fresh, dewy, thorn
less yellow rose of Texas just
waiting to be picked for the first
time.
What most people thought hap
pened in 1960 was a good bit dif
ferent from this. It forces this
writer here and now, with full
apologies, to correct all the ob
viously false and misleading stuff
he wrole about events of that
lime. Like as follows:
In April, 1960. the lale Speaker
Sam Rayburn began to campaign
for Johnson for president. (But
Johnson wasn't a candidate). In
May Johnson won a near sweep
for the presidential nomination in
Texas primaries. (But he wasn't
a candidate I.
In June Rayburn opened John
son campaign headquarters. (But
Johnson wasn't a candidate).
On July 5 Johnson announced
at a press conference that he was
"a candidate" for the presiden
tial nomination. (He wasn't a
candidate?) He said he would
be a "working president" rather
than a talking or traveling one.
(Still he wasn't a candidate).
Then, a week later in Los An
geles, there was that never-to-be-forgotten
debate between Ken
nedy and Johnson, arranged at
Johnson's suggestion to discuss
campaign issues. Johnson scored
Kennedy's Senate absenteeism,
his lack of experience, his youth
ful haste in seeking the presi
dency, his bad voting record on
farm, power and natural re
sources development.
Or was this all just a bad
dteam? It must have been. Be
cause Vice President Johnson
now says he was never a candi
date. But give the man credit for
his honesty. In the opening line
of his interview, after Bill Law
rence had asked him how he hap
pened to run for the vice presi
dency, Johnson began:
"Well, Bill, after 1 was defeat
ed for the presidency in Los An
geles . . ."
He should have stood in that
bed.
WASHINGTON REPORT . . .
Fair Play For Cuba
Group Red Fronted
campus bum who moved from
campus to campus for 11 years
setting up Communist front
groups," according to Sen. Tom
Dodd. Gibson has since left t h e
United Slates for Algeria. He is
said to be working as a "journa
list" for several newspapers.
The present director is Victor
Theodore Lee, a seaman who
formerly published a Florida pa
per in which he referred to
President Kennedy as a "jack
ass." According to security reports,
Lee left or Havana late last
year as a "journalist" for radio
station WBAI-F.M. That station,
incidentally, was the recent tar
get of Senate probers who sought
lo determine whether or not it
was Communist - controlled.
Lee returned lo this country
in January and has since lectured
on the "Truth About Castro
Cuba." He has told newsmen
that he docs not care if there are
Communists active in Fair Play.
Lee is by no means the only
Fair Player to make a pilgrim
age to Havana within the last
year. There is Gerald Quinn, a
Michigan Negro not a -Communist,
who left for Cuba a yeaf ago.
A "journalist," he claimed lo rep
resent the Los Angeles Herald
Dispatch. Quinn has written for Freedom
ways, a Communist publication,
and is active in the Monroe De
fense Committee, a group set up
to defend Robert Williams. North
Carolina integration leader sought
by the FBI on kidnapping charg
es. Williams is now in Cuba,
broadcasting rabid messages over
radio Havana throughout the
hemisphere.
Representative Cramer has
turned over to the House I'nAmcr
ican Activities committee t h e
names of 94 Americans some
with long backgrounds of Com
munist activity who have violated
I S. law and traveled to Cuba
within the past year. He calls
upon Attorney General Kennedy
to invoke the law, prosecute these
Americans and "close this open
door to subversion in the United
Slates."