Iul" '"". sr.smi mobilvo. trail, u na "
LwjlMLlSSi THE MODOCS. rg
NEWS OF MURDER News of the Modoc firing on the Peace Commission broke in
this copy of a San Francisco paper of April 13, 1873. Available at the Klamath Coun
ty Museum, this issue recounts the events of the tragic Good Friday, April 1 1, when
the Modocs murdered Gen. E. R. S. Canby, Dr. Eleaier Thomas, and badly wounded
A. B. Meacham. There were no newspapers in the Klamath country at that time. Ac
counts of the treachery were telegraphed from Linkville to Yreka, then retransmitted
to San Francisco.
In The-
Bay's lews
By FRANK JENKINS
From Washington:
Wheeling Steel, the nation's No.
11 producer, announced Tuesday
night that, effective Wednesday,
it would make a selective price
boost averaging about $6 a ton.
William A. Steele, Wheeling pres
ident, said the increase was due
to "a steady rise in tlie cost of
materials, services and labor."
It was just a year ago that
U.S. Steel announced a $6 a ton
price hike and incurred Presi
dential wrath. Other companies
followed the lead. But under
White House pressure tlie price
boost was cancelled.
Yesterday's action by Wheeling
Steel was regarded in some cir
cles as a trial balloon to test
the market and White House re
action. Question:
N What was the reaction?
Well, President Kennedy had
planned to leave the White House
at 4 p.m. yesterday to fly to
Palm Beach for an Easter vaca
tion. But about two and a half hours
ahead of take-off time White
House press secretary Pierre Sal
inger announced that the Presi
dent had postponed the trip. This
morning's dispatches add that
while Secretary Salinger didn't
tie the postponement to the steel
situation, there was no question
that steel was the major matter
on the President's mind.
What of the market reaction?
New York dispatches this morn
ing report that slocks opened nar.
rowly mixed in moderate trad
ing as investors anxiously await
ed the next move in tlie steel sit
uation. The dispatches add:
"Near term market movements
are clouded and will be almost
entirely guided by developments
in the steel pricing situation, most
brokers feci. If Wheeling's price
boost on products in strong de
mand sticks and spreads most
brokers think a quick stock mar
ket rise to new record highs
would be a strong possibility.
"But, if the company, for one
reason or another, is foceed to
rescind its price increase, most
houses then expect a sharp re
versal." We'll see what we'll see.
Douglas, Wife
Plan Divorce
WASHINGTON (UPP The
wife of Supreme Court Justice
William O. Douglas said today
that she plans to file for a di
vorce. In a statement issued here by
her attorney Joseph L. Rauh.
Mrs. Mercedes H. Douglas said
she planned to file for a divorce
this summer. '
Mrs. Douglas did not mention
the reason for the divorce, but
said she would seek it in her
home state of Washington. Doug
las' office refused comment on
the divorce.
Forest Road
Project Okayed
WASHINGTON (UPI1 The Bu
reau of Public Roads today an
nounced approval of a forest high
way project in Oregon.
Tlie expenditure of $200,000 pro
vides for resurfacing six miles of
U. S. Route 395 in Lake County.
The Improvement in Fremont Na
tional Forest extends southerly
from point four miles south of
Valley Falls.
U.OP ORE.LT33ART
KSISPAPER SECTION
GEN. REP.
crir;.-3sjartjf massacre.
Weal her
Klamath Falls, Tulelake and Lafcevlew!
Partly cloudy and warmer tonight, low
3a.. Mostly cloudy with a few showers;
high SO. southerly winds 7-1S m.p.fl. With
stronger gusts.
High yesterday as
Low this morning IS
High year ago 73
Low year ago 35
Precip. past 24 hours .04
Since Jan. 1 3.7
Same period last year 4.33
nn
Ml
lie
ei(7
WASHINGTON (UPI)
The
nuclear powered submarine
Thresher with 129 men aboard
"has indeed been lost," Adm.
George W. Anderson said today.
Anderson, chief of naval opera
tions, made the announcement
w ith deep regret in disclosing that
a second oil slick and materials
possibly tfrom tlie interior of the
submarine had been found in the
area where it made a test dive
Wednesday in the North Atlantic.
Wynn Named Manager
Of Tulelake Growers
TULELAKE John S. Wynn has
been engaged as manager of
the Tulelake Growers Associa
tion, to take office next Monday,
TGA President John L. Coulson
announced yesterday.
Wynn succeeds Cliff Jenkins,
who has been manager for 10
years. Wynn was named by the
TGA Board of Directors because
of his familiarity with local prob
lems, and his demonstrated ex
ecutive ability. A 1947 Tulelake
homesteader, he was president of
the TGA in 1960, and is presently
president of the Newell Grain
Growers Association and chair
man of the Tulelake High School
Parents Group.
Jenkins, who will serve along
side Wynn until April 25, con
gratulated his successor, saying,
"It was time for a change."
"Sam is uniquely qualified,"
said Jenkins. "He has been chair
man of several association com
mittees, and has some definite
ideas of what his job should
be."
Jenkins says he will move to
Giants Pass for a while, where
he owns a grocery store, and
then might go into tlie hay busi
ness. "People in Tulelake have been
very cooperative. They need to
know, though, that this organiza
tion cannot work without their
support, regardless of who the
officers or manager are," Jenkins
said.
John Coulson recounted Jen
kins' accomplishments since his
Unit Plan Opposed By County School Group
the Joint School Boards Ad
ministration met at the school
Administration Building Wednes
day night and heard county school
representatives tell of inequities
in taxes, duplication of efforts
and possible bad feeling on the
part of the rural people if a
single county unit school plan is
adopted.
The joint boards called Wed
nesday night's meeting specifical
ly to hear the reasons why the
county group (more somatically,
rural i was opposed to the plan
which seems to be held in high
regard by many segments of
AND DOCUMENTS OIV.
. - w
'T.-r:iK?Treachery and
WUCT.
I Kin ItiCi Tritt
Price Ten Cents 28 Pages
Abandoned!
Sub Wifi
The materials were described
as cork and plastic of types used
"in the internal construction of
submarines."
The second oil slick was found
at 10:20 a.m. EST today, Ander
son told a news conference. The
first was spotted shortly before
dark Wednesday.
.Although Anderson wrote off
any chance for recovery of the
submarine or that any of the 129
men might be alive, he said
arrival on the job in 1952 organ
izing the labor camp, the hay im
provement and selling program,
and the association's many legis
lative concerns.
Sam Wynn came here in 1947
with his wife Theresa. He is a
graduate of Oregon State College,
and was a field artillery officer
in World War II, serving in Eu
rope. They have three children:
John, Dan and Sharon.
He was a member of the
Homestead Board here.
"t think that Tulelake agricul
ture faces a crisis today,"
said Wynn. "We probably have
more need now than ever before
for an association because
some very important advantages
of the area have been lost.
"Our alsike clover crop has
completely disappeared. The malt-,
ing barley premium is almost
nonexistent, and potatoes are
overproduced nationally. We
have no processors here, and
must sell to the fresh market.
"On the other hand," Wynn
said, "we have some very import
ant advantages. Besides the excel
lent quality of our land, we strad
dle some important transporta
tion routes. We are no worse
off in dealing with eastern mar
kets than the growers farther
south."
Wynn pointed out that his duty
is to carry out board policy, not
to rmike it. "My job is to serve,"
he said. "The memliers have an
important responsibility, too
to bring their problems to the
association."
the city and suburban popula
tions. Several questions posed by
county representatives were:
1. Does the county-wide system
mean equalization of educational
opportunity?
2. Wilt costs be reduced in
such a county-wide reorganiza
tion? 3. What will the impact be on
the rural part of the county?
4. Does this type of reorganiza
tion necessarily mean elimination
of duplication of facilities?
5. Would the rural people In
the county support building pro
COUP.
Gen. Canity's Massacre
By FLOYD L. WYNXE
There are manv accounts of
the actual chain of events that
took place on this dav 90 years
ago when the Modoc Indians fired
upon the Peace Commission in
tlie Lava Beds.
First, here is the account of the
event as detailed in a letter to
the adjutant general of the Unit
ed States Army by Col. Alvan C.
Gillem. First U.S. Cavalry, com
manding the Modoc Expedition,
dated April 11. 1873.
He wrote, "Sir It is with tlie
most profound sorrow that I have
to inform you of the death of
Brigadier General E.R.S. Can-
bv, U.S.A., which occurred to
day at 1:30 p.m. about one mile
in front ol this camp under the
following circumstances:
"For a day or two communica
tion between the Indians and the
Peace Commission had been vir
tually suspended. Yesterday morn
ing an Indian (Boston Charley)
came into camp and informed tlx1
commission that Captain Jack
would 'talk.' In order to avoid all
misapprehension, the commission
sent their interpreter (Frank
search efforts would continue to
try to fix the exact spot of the
disaster and recover materials or
bodies that might come to the
surface.
The disaster is the U.S. Navy's
worst submarine tragedy in peace
or war. It is the worst single ship
tragedy in peacetime for any kind
of U.S. naval vessel.
Anderson said, he had ordered
the deep diving bathosphere "Tri.
estc, now at San Diego, brought
across the country on flatcars
to aid in the search.
The Trieste has dived as deep
as seven miles, whereas the
Thresher apparently went down
in a mile and a half of water
at a point about 220 miles east
of Cape Cod.
Salvage Impossible
Anderson said that even if the
Trieste were able t locate the
Thresher, there was "absolutely
no possibility" that a line could
be attached for salvage from such
a depth. He described as "very
remote" the possibility that any
bodies would float to the surface.
Anderson said he abandoned
hope for the Thresher for two rea
sons. In addition to the tact that
materials were recovered, he said
he could see no possibility that
all communications would have
been blacked out if the vessel had
not met disaster.
Anderson's desolate rcrt that
hope had been abandoned for the
sub and the men was given to
newsmen about 25 hours after the
last contact from the vessel was
received.
Near Test Depth
The Thresher, Anderson said,
was the "deepest diving subma
rine in the world" and was "ap
proaching its maximum test
depth" when communication with
the sub was lost at 9:17 a.m. EST
Wednesday.
Anderson announced that he had
issued an order requiring the two
other submarines in the Thresher
class, the Permit and the Plunger,
to limit the depth of their dives
until the Thresher investigation is
completed. Their designed test
depth is a military secret.
Anderson said there were two
factors to indicate that a leak
rather than tlie pressure of water
may have caused the disaster:
Before it went into the Ports
mouth, N.H., Naval Shipyard for
overhaul last July, tlie Thresher
had dived many times to the
grams in the city or suburban
area, support the school budgets;
and would tliey be pleased at
paying tlie same school tax and
yet have different programs?
Paul Fairclo, vice chairman ol
the county school board, asked
Cliff Robinson, superintendent of
county schools, to read some of
tlie objections to the single coun
ty district plan compiled by the
county board.
It was emphasized that the ob
jections reflected the sentiments
of the rural people and not neces
sarily those of the suburban pop
ulatton.
Riddle and his squaw. WinemaM
into the Indian camp; they re
turned in the evening and report
ed that Captain Jack said he
would not meet the commission,
nor come out of his stronghold
again until the troops were re
moved from tlie vicinity. An In
dian returned with Riddle and
confirmed his statement. This
morning, however, the Indian.
Boston Charley, asserted that
Riddle (the interpreter! had not
told all that Captain Jack had
said, and asserted that Jack had
agreed to meet General Canby,
myself and the commission at a
tent that had been pitched about
a mile in front of this camp In
order to reconcile these conflict
ing statements the two Indians,
Boston and Bogus, were sent
back to tlie Indian camp. Tliey
soon returned and said that Jack
would meet five of us General
Canby, myself and three commis
sioners, at the tent. After duly
considering the subject it was de
termined to accept the proposi
tion. I was too ill to accompany
the party, and before leaving the
interpreter brought the commis
KLAMATH FALLS, OREGON,
IFoir Sunken
129 Men
depth at which it was last heard
from,
During overhaul of the sub.
it was necessary to cut a hole
about a yard wide in its hull, in
order to get at some machinery.
The hole was welded back in
place, and the weld was examined
by X-ray for flaws.
"To the best of our knowledge
and belief there were no defects
in the work," he said. "Whether
or not there were in fact defects
remains to be seen."
'Doctored'
Policies Investigated
Investigation continued on sev
eral fronts today into sale of
"doctored" insurance policies to
many schools throughout Oregon.
The probe was touched off by
complaints that parts of the poli
cies in question are not con
sidered valid by the California
Life Insurance Company. The
firm told State Insurance Com
missioner Waller Korlann there
Steel Price
Action Eyed
WASHINGTON (UPD - The
While House today postponed for
lhe third time in less than 24
hours President Kennedy's de
parture for a Florida vacation
keeping alive Die possibility of
some move in connection with a
steel price rise.
Kennedy first had planned to
leave at 4 p.m. EST Wednesday.
He put that off until 9 a.m. today.
then postponed his departure
again until 12:30 p.m. By 1 p.m.
EST, he had not left and there
were signs of more urgent con
ferences.
Press Secretary Pierre Salinger
maintained tight wraps on the
President s activities and con
tinued to refuse any comment on
the steel issue touched off by an
aveiagc $6 a ton price boost an
nounced by Wheeling Steel Corp,
In discussing the question of
educational opportunity, Robinson
said, the rural people acknowl
edge that inequalities in educa
tion already exist in the county
district because they are Inher
cnt in the differences in size. The
example given was the quality
of the program at Bly compared
to Henley High.
"These differences are directly
related lo the facilities available
at a large school compared to
a smaller one," Robinson ex
plained. Tlie rural people therefore feel
that the equalization of educa
sioners to my bedside and asked
me to bear witness that he had
warned them that there was dan
ger in going out; however it was
decided to go.
"At 11:06 a.m. the party left
camp. I directed the signal offi
cer to keep a strict watch on
the tent and to inform me of
everything that occurred. At 1:30
p.m. the signal officer brought
me information that Major Ma
son's camp on the east had been
attacked and two officers prob
ably captured. (This afterwards
proved to be incorrect. I Con
vinced that treachery was intend
ed, I sent for Assistant Surgeon
Cabaniss, w ho volunteered to take
a note to General Canby. I could
not send a verbal message as
many of the Indians understood
English. I had written but a few
words when shots were heard,
and officers from the signal sta
tion brought the information that
General Canby and the peace
commissioners had been m u r-
dered. The troops were under
arms at once and advanced. I
found the bodies of General Can
by and tlie Rev. Dr. Thomas
THURSDAY, APRIL 11, 1063
Anderson said that "of course"
the possibilities of sabotage or
enemy action in connection with
the tragedy would be investigated
But he said there was no evidence
of either, and the main invest!
gative effort would be to deter
mine whether the vessel collapsed
or sprang a leak.
Anderson said Rear Adm. Law
son R. Ramage, deputy command
er of the Atlantic Submarine
(Continued on Page 3-A I
Insurance
were discrepancies between poli
cies written by agents and those
sent into its home office.
Korlann said the probe involved
agents who sold tlie policies to
the school districts under the
name of an agency in Portland
that no longer operates.
The Multnomah County district
attorney's office and sheriff's of
fice, and the county grand jury,
are looking into the matter. A
friendly suit has been filed by
the California firm against David
Douglas school district in Portland
to determine its liability.
Korlann said there was no ex
act amount of insurance involved
hut that claims in dispute may
be more than $50,000.
"Some of the claims on disputed
student insurance policies that
had been lemorarily 'held-up'
by the California Life Insurance
Company have apparently been
taken care of," Cliff Robinson,
county superintendent of schools,
said Thursday.
There is indication, however,
that there are still some claims
that are being contested.
According to Robinson, the only
claims that haven't been cleared
are in policies that involve riders
for athletic accidents such as foot
ball and wrestling ..injuries.
Klamath County schools that
are affected by the sale of "doc
tored" policies are Henley, Alia
mont Junior High, Bly Junior and
Senior High, Bonanza High, and
Chiloquin, Gilchrist, Malin and
Merrill high schools.
tional opportunity, in a single
lounty-unit system, is invalid,
he said.
Tlie argument that the proosed
reorganization would reduce costs
is also a fallacy, the rural peo
ple argue.
"The history of such convolida
lions has proved otherwise," Rob
inson said.
Improving quality can be very
expensive, the county representa
tives felt. There is a good level
of quality that Die county can
afford and "luxury" enters when
(Continued on Page J-A)
Retold On Anniversary
about TO yards from the tent. Mr.
Meacham was near, severely if
not mortally wounded; all were
stripped. Mr. Dyar, one of the
commissioners, escaped unhurt,
having a small pistol which he
drew on his pursuer.
"The remains of General Can
by and Dr. Thomas will be sent
to Yreka tomorrow, in charge of
Lieutenant H. R. Anderson, A.D.C.
to tlie general."
In Colonel Gillcm's account we
have the basic facts, stated sum
marily in military form to his
superior.
One of the most important wit
nesses to the tragic event was
tlie interpreter, T. Frank Riddle.
The follow ing is an extract from
a portion of the evidence which
ho presented at the subsequent
trial of Captain Jack and the
other Modoc loaders.
He said, "Mr. Meacham, then
he made another speech, and he
told Captain Jack: 'Jack, let us
talk like men and not like chil
dren.' and he sort of hit him on
the knee or shoulder once or
twice, or tapped him he said,
'Lot us talk like men and not
Telephone
a f .'Wa. amm n. mvm av v
i. '-V ill p T' -a
CERTIFICATES OF HONOR Ross Ragland, president of the Presbyterian Intercom
munity Hospital Association, handed out certificate; of honor Wednesday night at
the hospital report meeting to representatives of firms where at least 75 per cent of
the employes had pledged an hour's pay per month for three years. Receiving certifi
cates, left to right, are Paul Meier, OTI; Kenneth Klahn, Moty and Van Dyke; Donald
Nabakowski, Klamath Ice and Storage; Clayton Davis, Klamath Falls Creamery;
George Callison, Klamath County Chamber of Commerce; Joe Sawyer, city of Klam
ath Falls; Keith Cobo, City Center Motel and Mrs. Ina Staley, Beehive Rental.
Hospital Fund Drive Nears
Goal; Total Tops $600,000
More than $600,000 In cash and
pledges toward construction of
Presbyterian Intercommunity Hos
pital were reported at a special
meeting of campaign fund chair
men and leaders Wednesday
night at the Wincma.
Campaign general chairman.
Jim Stilwcll, said total pledges
and gifts were at $627,236.81 when
the reporting session ended.
Totals reported Wednesday
night by the various divisions
were:
Business and Professional.
$53,895.65.
Clubs and Organizations, $14,-
757.34.
Employe-Executive, $50,265.95.
Medical, $44,978.50.
Intercommunity, $81,982.37.
Memorial, $302,450.
Special Gifts, $79,787.
With the campaign drive sched
Plane Crash
Kills Crew
TRAVIS AFB, Calif. (UPII-An
Air Force CI33 Cargomaster
crashed in soggy marshland 3.000
feet from the landing strip here
Wednesday, killing all nine crew
men aboard.
The plane, a type which often
carries missiles, was apparently
attempting to land alter a routine
training flight, Air Force officials
said. Officers said the plane car
ried no nuclear material.
The Air Force identified the vic
tims as:
Major Roy M. Johnston, Rt. 1
Manatoup Okla., pilot; 1st Lt.
Leonard R. Dorman, Boise, Ida.;
1st Lt. William II. Grey, Graham-I
ville. N.Y.; and Lt. Russell R.
Zablan, Honolulu; 2nd Lt. Edward
Melda, Parma, Ohio; T-Sgt. Don
ald D. Cox, Jacksonville, Fla.;
T-Sgt. Joel H. Nipcr, Derby,
Ohio; T-Sgt. Lloyd J. Richard,
'Louisiana address incomplete);
Airman 3-C Charles W. Whittle,
Baltimore, Md.
A sxkesman said all but Melda
and Whittle were married.
talk like children.' He said, 'You
are a man that has common
sense, isn't there any other
place that will do you except Wil
low Creek and Cottonwood?'
And Mr. Meacham was speaking'
rather loud, and Schonchis told
him to hush; that he could talk
a straight talk: to let him talk.
Just as Schonchis said that, Cap
tain Jack rose up and stepped
back, sort of in behind Dyar's
horse. I was interpreting for
Schonchis, and I was not notic
ing Jack. He stepped a few steps
out to one side, and I saw him
put his hand to his bosom like
. Well, he stepped back and
came right up in front of General
Canby and said: in Indian, 'All
dy, boys' at we that is, 'All
ready, boys' at us that is, 'All
before you could crook your finger
he fired. . . . Yes, sir, and after'
the cap busied, before you could
crook your finger, he fired and
struck General Canby under tlie
eye, and the ball came out here
(showing in the neck under the
chin). I jumped and ran then,
and never stopped to look back
any more. I saw General Canby
TU 4-8111 No. 7113
' ii&'"' -
uled to end April 30, Stilwell
urged that every division and sec
tion chairman be ready to report
some pledges and donations at
tho next report meeting, Wed
nesday, April 17. All but five sec
tion chairmen reported last niglft.
with the initial minimum goal
Bridge Open
Over Tracks
The Washburn Way Overpass,
near Iivorne Avenue, will be
0en lo traffic beginning at 8
a.m., tomorrow. Friday, accord
ing lo Winston Kurlh, assistant
county engineer.
Kurlh said the approaches in1
the overpass would not be paved
until tlie coming of warmer
weather in June and urged motor
ists lo drive slowly over them lo
prevent the boradcasting of dust
The overpass, which spans the
Great Northern Railway freight
yards, was completed by the Lil-
IcIm Construction Company of
Roseburg last October, when the
County Road Department began
depositing lhe first of more than
18,200 truck loads of dirt used to
form the two approaches lo the
structure. The last of approxi
mately 109.000 cubic yards of fill
was laid this week, ending the
M50.000 county project.
Meanwhile, at the northern end
of Washburn Way, workmen were
continuing construction on
bridge which will span the canal
at Alameda Avenue.
The target date for completion
of the project was originally
scheduled for the middle of
April, but has since been set back
to the latter part of next month
The bridge is bcintf construct
ed by the Inter-City Construction
Company of Eugene at a cost of
$29,504, provided by federal, state
and county matching funds. When,
completed, tlie bridge will pro
vide a direct route from Alameda
Avenue to Kingsley Field, via
tlie new Washburn Way Over-I
pass.
PI aY r
fall over, and I expected he was
killed, and I jumped and ran
with all my might I never looked
back but once, and when I looked
back Mr. Meacham was down,
and my woman was down, and
there was an Indian standing
over Mr. Meacham and anothei
Indian standing over her, and
some two or three coming up to
Mr. Meacham. Mr. Meacham
was sort of lying down this way
(showing) and had one of his
hands sticking out. . . . They
commenced firing all around. 1
could not tell who was firing ex
cept Schonchis, here; I saw hirr
firing at Mr. Meacham, but thi
others were kind of up in behinc
me, and they were firing and '.
did not turn around to look bacl
to see who it was. I thought I
was warm times there."
Reports later showed that Gen
eral Canby had been killed bj
Captain Jack, shot In the eye, the
ball ranging downward, emerging
through the jaw and breaking it.
He had, also, received a stab
under the right ear, dislocating
(Continued on Page 3-A)
Weather
ASRICULTURAL FORECAST
..Overcast wltti to per cent probabilit)
of rain and warmer tonight and Frt
day. Low H-4S. High Friday JJ-40. Out
look Saturday partly cloudy. Tulelakl
soil temperatur 40.
of $725,000 apparently cinched,
Stilwell and vice chairmen, Miko
Balsiger and Dick Henzel, urged
that elfnrts be doubled to assure
that at least $1 million would be
realized from public subscription.
Stilwell emphasized that a great
er amount of money raised local
ly would mean a minimum ..of.
mortgage money would havo' lo
lie used in tlie almost- million
project.
"If Klamath Kails can raise a
million dollars toward a hospital
project, we will serve as a
shining example In the slate,"
Stilwcll said.
A highlight of tlie reporting ses
sion was the announcement that
the First National Bank and the
U.S. Bank of Portland had
pledged $12,500 each toward the
campaign.
Shot Misses
Gen. Valker
DALLAS (UPI) A bullet from
a high-powered rifle whizzed
through a window Wednesday
night, narrowly missing former
Maj. Gen. Edwin A. Walker who
was sitting at a desk filling out
his income tax.
Tlie bullet bored a one-inch hole
in the wall and fell out on the
other side on some packages.
Splinters from the bullet's casing
struck Walker in the-arm,
"I want a purple heart," said
Walker, who was not seriously
injured.
Walker grabbed a pistol and
made a search for tlie would-be
assassin. He would not say who
he thought did It.
"We have lots of enemies In
Dallas and everywhere," Walker
said "It looks like tlie mayor Is
going to have to start giving out
purple hearts."
Walker seemed more perturbed
by tho fact he did not get his In
come tax finished than he ii
about the attempt on his life.
f "?'