i
it
In Tk-
Day's km
By FRANK JKXKINS
As (his is written President
Kennedy, accompanied by Secre
tary of State Dean Rusk and
ranking members of Congress
from both parties, are just about
uue j iana at ban Jose, capital
u. uw mue central American re
public of Costa Rica. where ihv
will discuss mutual problems with
ine presidents of six Latin-Amer
can countries Costa Rica. El
Salvador. Guatemala, Honduras
Nicaragua and Panama.
Why the meeting?
It was suggested by Costa R
can President Miguel Vdigoras
Fuentes. who told a member of
the staff of the U.S. .News &
AVorld Report a few days ago:
"The visit of President Ken
nedy to Costa Rica was proposed
by me. I felt, and the leaders of
the other Central American coun
tries agreed with me, that the
time was rie for President Ken
nedy to come here to talk with
us about the Alliance for Prog
ress and what should be done,
about Castro."
He added:
- "Perhaps it would be more ac
curate if I said '(or President
Kennedy to tell us what the U.S
proposes to do about Castro.'
since Cuba is now too heaviiv
armed for us in Central America
to touch."
"The problem of Castro has be
come worse, more serious than
ever before. The U.S. obviously
lias its reasons for behaving the
way it does, but the fact is that
Cuba has been armed to the point
where it is now difficult to get!
the communists out. The Rus
sians have also LEFT AN ARMY
THERE, and that complicates the
problem even more."
He concluded:
"It is now difficult to say how
the Cuban problem can be solved
The Bay of Pigs was a magnifi
cent opportunity to get rid of
Castro. The showdown last Oc
tober over the Russian missiles
was another great opportunity.
and that too was lost. . . . Now
we are in a defensive position
in Central America because Cuba
is much stronger than we arc.
"What happens now depends on;
the United States."
This meeting in Costa Rica is
curiously interesting.
Back in 1824 tail years ago-
General Simon Bolivar, the great
South American patriot, issued an
invitation to the Latin-American
governments then existing to at
tend a proposed Congress of
American Republics to be held
at Panama. Delegates to this
Congress were to be empowered
to discuss various questions con
cerning American affairs, partic
ularly those relating to liberal
commercial intercourse among
the nations of the Western
Hemisphere.
In the spring of 1825. the invi
tation was extended to the Unit
ed States. President John Quin
cy Adams was immensely inter
ested in the idea, and when the
Ail-American Congress met m
Panama he sent to Congress a
message saying that the invita
tion had been accepted, and nam-'
ing the U.S. delegates. .
What happened?
It's at least interesting.
When President Adams sent his
nominations as delegates to the
senate, thev were referred to the'
committee on foreign affairs,
which reported against them on
the eround that participation in
the All-American Congress would
draw us into entangling relations
with other countries.
The senate debated the commit
tee report in secret sessions for
about a month and finally CON
FIRMED the nominations, and
voted funds lor the delegates' at-
lnrtance. But bv the time the1
ruckus was over it was too late
for the delegates to reach Pana
ma before adjournment of the
congress.
It's interesting to speculate on
what might have happened it
there had been more statesman
ship and less politics in connec
lion with Simon Bolivars pro-
nearly a century and
half ago to create a Congress of
the Americas.
In that event, the Monroe Doc
trine might have become a
living reality that would have en
dured down through all these in
tervenes decades. It might still
he a living reality.
If so. we would have known
what to do about Castro and
would have had the power an(i thc
WILL to do it at the time when
it should have been done.
Teams Attempt
Crash Rescue
LA PAZ. Bolivia U'PI'-B.escuc
teams attempted today to reach
the bodies of 41 persons, includ
ing two Americans, believed killed
Friday when tneir noiman
lines DC6 crashed into a 14.300
fool Andean peak in southernmos.
Peru.
Weal ho r
Ht9l mtrrdiy
Law Utl night
Hi9h ytar aqo
Low ytar ag
High past 14 ytart
Low patt 14 years
Precip. past 34 hours
Sinco Jan. I
Samt period last ytar
I "Ml
n oisji
ti
1U
Printers
Turn Down
Strike Pact
NEW YORK iLPI'-The strik-
g printers' unexpected rejection
of a contract settlement sought by
their leaders left publishers today
with little hope of resuming pub
lication this week.
Mayor Robert Wagner, whose
settlement proposal had been ac
cepted by negotiators for the
printers and publishers, started all
over again by calling both sides
to meetings today. Publishers
planned a meeting to consider
what steps they will take to end
the 101-day-old shutdown.
The stormy four-hour union
meeting Sunday at which the
printers voted down tnc settlement
by a 64-vote margin was punctual
ed by boos and catcalls, aimed by
the rank and file membership at
its international union president.
Elmer Brown, who had urged ac
ceptance of the settlement.
Brown, who threatened to walk
out of thc meeting, warned the
strikers "If you don't follow your
international leadership, you'll be
going down a blind alley and be
out on a limb by yourself."
The vote, 1,621 to 1,557, actually
was larger than the 2,970 printers
employed by the nine newspapers
affected by the strike. The total
membership of ITU Local 6. 11,
000, was eligible to vote, including
,500 pensioners. Observers close
to the strike felt there was a
chance the international union
would order a mail referendum
of the entire membership of Lo
cal 6.
Other complications developed
when the Pholoongravers' Union
threatened to strike four newspa-j
pers today if a new agreement is
not reached by 4 p.m., EST.
But the Stereotypers and the
New York Daily News and New
York Times Guild units voted to
accept the new contract propos
als given their unions. Other Guild
units 'will vote today on the $4.13
settlement offer to extend their
contract another five months be
yond the present Oct. 31, 19H4 to
coincide with the other newspaper
unions.
V I fctatiaast 1 .-Sts! , U
WARNS TEEN-AGERS In Cornelia, Ga., "Wink", a young prisoner serving ftfe
for murder, tells a student at a high school, "This is the way I started getting into
trouble" during a session he and five other youthful offenders had with the student
body. At his left is "Give", another prisoner who said his dropout from school was
his worst mistake. UPI Telephoto
Convicts Warn Teen-agers
About Wages Of Delinquency
CORNELIA. Ga. ( UPI '-He wasj
introduced only as "Wink" and
when the crew -cut youth stepped
to the center of a high school
auditorium platform here a hush
fell over 700 teen-agers.
"I wanted to be a man before I
was ready." he said soberly.
"When I was 17. I decided all it
took to be a man was to do the
things I saw men doing. I got
married but when things got
rough. I picked up a gun. I pulled
the trigger."
"Wink" is serving life imprison
ment and is one of 800 youths
committed to the Georgia Indus
trial Training Institute on a moun
tain ridee in the North Georgia
Blue Ridge foothills.
He is one of six volunteers in a
dramatic "Operation Teen ager"
program that is sending young
convicted criminals into the
schools of thc state to tell teen
acers what the end of juvenile
delinquency look like.
"I've been coming to assemblies
here for four years, but I've never
seen this crowd of students o
O.Of OHE.LtBBART
EiSpmtKTlOII
Price Ten Cents 14 Pages
EYES ON TITLE The Henley Horned open their campaiqnfor the state A-2 basket
ball title tonight in a crucial battle with third-ranking Elmira on the Coos Eay maple.
The Hornets, who have a 22-0 victory record are, left to right, back row, manager
Gary Barker, Steve Rolling, Terry Beilby, Charley Thompson, Kent Gooding, Earl All
britton, Mike Beymer, Tom Sanders and coach Jerry Johnson; front row, LeVoy
Young, Elton Schiro, Dick Johnson and Steve Rand.
New Floods Threaten East
As River Ice Jams Break
By United Press International
Floods forced hundreds from
their homes from Wisconsin to
Virginia today. Another winter
storm brewed in the Rockies.
Ice-melting temperatures and
thunderstorms sent flood waters
rushing through the low areas of;
Erie and Cattaraugus counties in,
western New York.
Fifty persons fled their homes
when an ice jam burst on
Cattaraugus Creek. A cofferdam
buckled and collapsed on the Hud
son River near Troy. N.Y.. Satur-
day. killing one and injuring three.
Officials blamed the contact of the
icy waters against the steel
beams.
Ice gorges broke up on the Al
legheny River in western Pennsyl
vania Sunday night, and flood1
waters threatened several towns.
In the Meadville area, about 300
families were alerted to be ready
to evacuate as civil defense work
ers kept a watch on French Creek.
The Allegheny rose about one
foot at Oil City, Pa., when thc
quiet." said Jack Scroggs, of Cor
nelia, a senior at South Haber
sham High School.
Kennon Davis, principal of the
school, invited "Wink", and four
other prisoners to address the
student body. They were called
only by their first name.
"We have had five or six in our
school end up thc same way these
fellows have," Davis told a re
porter. "I'm enthusiastic about the
response to what they say. I don't
think any high school boy or girl
should fail to hear facts like that."
W alter Matthews, superintendent
of the industrial institute, said the
idea for the project came to him
"out of tlie conscience" of four
Texas prisoners who were using
thc same technique on adults.
"Being a teen agei is like stand
ing on the end ol a diving board."
Wink told tlie students here. "We
are so anxious to jump into the
water of adulthood. But instead of
making a clean dive, loo many of
us just do a belly bust. That was
me.
"Marriage is not for bovs and
: . . . ' r,
COIP.
Ml.
mm
ice moved through early today,
but the river was still about two
feet from flood stage there.
Rains Batter Virginia
An ice jam on French Creek
at Cambridge Springs, Pa.,
backed up about four feet of water.
In flood-battered southwest Vir
ginia, heavy rams sent streams
swirling over their banks again.
More than 50 houses were dam
aged and 100 families lett their
homes in the Big Stone Gap. Va.,
area.
Kentucky Gov. Bert Combs made
a television appeal Sunday tor
clothes, bedding and money for
east Kentucky flood refugees. Wa
ters dropped late Sunday from
new weekend floods at Harlan,
Ky., on the Cumberland River,
and Hazard, Ky., on the North
Fork of the Kentucky River.
A crest 10 foot over fluod stage
Aas predicted at Baruourvillc, Ky.
today, and a crest of the Ohio,
River at 8.8 feet above flood stage
was expected at Louisville Wed
nesday.
girls. We fought that out the hard
way. It takes more to be a man
or woman than the emotional
dream you sec on television.
"We thought we were different.
We went into marriage with the
amazement of w ide-eyed children.
But our high school dreams faded
Our vows became warped. There
was blame and recrimination.
Then I picked up a gun and end
ed the dream for good."
Davis said student dropouts be
cause ol matrimony arc among
his school's most perplexing prob-
lems.
'Crime isn't choosy about who
it picks." an adult prisoner.
'Jim," told tlie Cornelia students.
'Our place iat Alto a few miles
south of here' represents all sides
of the track.
We've come here because some
of you may be well on your way to
where we are now. You still have
a chance to change. It's too late
for us because we can't take back
our records."
KLAMATH FALLS, OREGON,
At least eight families fled their
homes at Madison, Ind.. and Ve-
vay, Ind,, in the face of the risin
Ohio.
Three persons drowned Friday
night when their motorboat cap
sized in the backwaters from an
Ohio River flood near New Al
bany, Ind.
Annual Spring Rampage
In Wisconsin, the I'ecatonica
Kiver went on its annual spring
rampage, flooding the main street
ol Darlington and closing four
highways. The Kickapoo flooded
between Soldiers Grove and Reeds
town. Wis.
Closing Law
Draws Blast
By Hatfield
SALEM (UPI)-Gov. Mark Hat
field said today he opposed the
proposed Sunday closing law ami
iny other legislation which "mis
tratcs" competition.
He also called for an "unencum
bered" cigarette tax, and blasted
the cigarette industry's indication
it might not fight the tax if the
legislation includes restrictions on
price wars.
"Il is not right for the indiiMry
to attempt to blackmail itself into
a prolit, the governor said.
"I don't know what my reaction
would be. he added, if thc ciga
relic tax were passed with the
lair trade stipulation.
Of the Sunday closing law he
said, "I do not support this type
of legislation. 1 am for free capi
talistic enterprise and think legis
lation which Iruslratcs competition
is not sound.
He said there were certain
areas w here regulations were nec
essary, and cited billboards and
consumer protection as examples.
He said he felt the public need
ed lull disclosure of interest rates
on purchases, and that real es
tate sulxlivisions should come un
der restrictions so buyers could
not lie misled about weather or
growing conditions.
Hatfield termed 50 per cent sup
port of school costs by the state
as the "ideal goal," and said he
would support increases in basic
school support over his budget re
quests il it could "fit in w ith other
agency requests" In the overall
budget.
He said he viewed major goals
of thc present session as traffic
safety laws, welfare, rehabilita
tion, and medical care program
improvements, and the education
program.
He said the agreement on the
Boardm.in space age development
park had not yet been (ormalized
by the Army Corps of Engineers
Hatlield said negotiations with
the Navy had to be postKncd un
til agreement was reached with
the Cors of Engineers.
He said when agreement was
reached with the Navy he might
go before the legislature (or mure
money, or authorization lor thc
land Board to use common school
lunds. He said he was not able
at this time lo announce what
amount of money would be in
volved.
He said agreement "in princi
pic" had been reached on the
Oregon Dunes proposal, but be
could have no specific comment
until tlie proposed bills were print
cd.
' AS ' -.SMI
MONDAY. MARCH IS, 13
Cooperation Theme PiasEie
!y lefiiiedy
SAX JOSE, Costa Rica (L'PI'-
President Kennedy landed here
through a sprinkle of volcanic ash
today, bearing a doctrine of hemi
spheric cooperation he promised
would forge ultimate victory
against poverty and injustice.
A thundering roar of "welcome'
arose from an estimated 150,000
Costa Ricans who were jammed
200 deep behind barriers as the
President's helicopter arrived in
La Sabana airport.
The President had transferred
to the helicopter for the flight into
town alter his jet landed at El
Coco airfield. 15 miles away, com
pleting a flight from Palm Beach,
I'la.
The President's aircraft came
in for a landing through a sprinkle
of ash coming from the smoking
crater of the 11,260-foot volcano.
Mt. Irani.
The President's helicopter was
followed by two more carrying
other members of his party w hich
included Secretary of State Dean
Rusk and ranking members of
Congress from both parties who
Hew here for an historic meeting
with six Central American presi
dents.
Kennedy, hatless and accompa
nied by the Costa Rican foreign
minister, made his way to the
eviewing stand where the other
Central American presidents were
awaiting him.
The throng shouted "welcome
and waved American flags.
The President then launched
nto a speech in which he hailed
Costa Uicans as a "steadfast and
courageous people" who have es
tablished a "progressive democra
cy which is a model for the hemi
sphere." "In this historic conference,"
Kennedy said, "we meet as neigh
bors to find ways of strengthening
this union, remembering always
that thc hope of economic prog
less can never be allowed to
weaken our determination to ex
tend and perfect the political lib
erty and human rights of our citi
zens." The President also called fori
strengthening of defenses against
foreign imperialism" a refer
ence that appeared calculated to
meet Central America s fears of
Unit Ballot
Plan Downed
WASHINGTON IUPI) - The
Supreme Court today struck
down Georgia's county unit voting
system, which city dwellers have
said throttles their political
strength in favor of rural voters.
Thc 8 to 1 ruling was an
nounced by Justice William O.
Douglas. Justice John M. Harlan
dissented.
Douglas said the only concep
tion of political equality under
historical U. S. standards is "one
person, one vote."
The county unit system was
not used in Georgia's 19i2 elec
tions, in which racial moderate
Carl Sanders was elected gover
nor over segregationist Marvin
Griffin. The case was on appeal
at that time. Sanders would also
have won if thc unit system had
been in effect.
Thc court did not take up to
day "basic ground rules" for im
plementing its Tennessee decision
of last term. That decision opened
the doors of federal courts to
voter complaints about unfairness
in apportionment of state legis-
islatures.
Justices Potter Stewart and
Tom C. Clark, in a separate
statement, said "this case, on the
contrary, involved statewide elec
tions of L'nitcd States senator
and of state executive and judicial
officers responsible to a statewide
constituency.
Capistrano Awaits
SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO.I
Calif. 'UPI' Tuesday is "Swal
low Day" in this colorful Span-
h-style mission town, and the
religious and non-religious alike
are prepared lo welcome the
thousands of feathered creatures
lor the IWilh year.
For the past several days a few
of tlie swallows have been arriv
ing from the winter in Hie south
and checking over thc grounds of
Mission San Juan Capistrano
Thc natives consider these ad
vance arrivals scouts or tlie
main flights which tradition says
I Hi-phone
Communist subversion from Cuba.
As Kennedy arrived, at least
two of the six Central American
presidents taking part in the con
ference were reported to be in re
volt against U.S. policy in Cuba.
;tvr', 1 " ft ; -(4
RELEASED PAIR Attorney James Donovan is shown with Geraldine Shamma, left,
of Boston, Mass., and Martha O'Neal, Atlanta, Ga., shortly after they landed at
Homestead Air Force Base, Fla., from Havana Sunday. Donovan obtained the release
of the two women after three years in Castro's jails. UPI Telephoto
Freedom Sought For Yanks
Confined
HOMESTEAD AFB, Fla. (LTD
i James B. Donovan, the New
Voi'H .attorney Who bought..two
American prisoners back from
Cuba Sunday, said he hopes to.
gam release of the estimated 33
other Americans held in Cuban
jails.
Donovan and the two women
whose release he obtained ar
rived here from Havana on a
special plane.
I am confident that within the
next few weeks I can prove thai
the nine American skindivcrs ar
rested by (Cuban Premier Fidel)
Castro several weeks ago were
not saboteurs but were ship
wrecked and should be released,"
Donovan said.
"About 35" Prisoners
He said "about 35" Americans,
including the two women released
Sunday and thc skindivers, were
Castro's prisoners.
The women are Martha O Neal
of Atlanta. Ga., and Orlando,
Fla., and Geraldine Shamma, a
native of Boston, Mass., and a
former New York City resident.
'Tnese are the only two Ameri
can ladies who were held prison
er." Donovan said.
He said he visited 17 American
Bomb Blows
At Airport
SAN FRANCISCO (UPI) - A
bomb in a parcel post package
exploded today at San Francisco
International Airimrt, injuring two
postal employes and starting a
fire in the airmail terminal build
ing.
Postmaster John Fixa said post
al workers quickly extinguished
the fire. Thc blast also blew out
windows in the building.
Attendants at Peninsula Hos
pital in nearby Burlingame said
the injured men apparently were
not seriously hurl. They were
identified as David lielbow, 4fi, of
Redwood City, Calif., and Roliert
Kingman, 42, of San Francisco.
Both are mail distribution clerks
will reach the town during thc
night.
If tradition holds true, and vet
eran swallow watchers assure us
it will, the birds will circle the
town until dawn the drone of
their wings awakening the citi
zens. Several hundred persons arc ex
iiected to be gathered at thc
gates of thc mission by dawn to
watch the arrival of the birds,
who set up housekeeping in thc
mud nests they vacated last fall
when they departed for warmer
areas.
fU 4-sll
No. im
Dn Costa Hica
Guatemala and
Nicaragua were
erned over the
said to be cone
slow pace of the
American States
Organization of
tOASl in han-
dling the Cuban
malan President
problem. Guate
Miguel Y'digorasl
In Castro's Prisons
prisoners on the Isle of Pines, a
Cuban offshore island, Saturday
afternoon, and talked to others in
Havana Sunday. He said he spent
three hours talking with the skin
divers who were seized last
month.
Mrs. O'Neal, who told newsmen
she was manhandled at the time
of her arrest, said she was taken
into custody because Cuban au
thorities "claimed t had some
Arbitrators
5 Remaining
SAN FRANCISCO (UPI I - A
three-man arbitration panel will
meet in San Francisco this week
to settle the five remaining issues
in the lengthy automation dispute
between Southern Pacific Railroad
and the Brotherhood of Railway
Clerks.
The railroad and the union
signed two agreements Saturday
night, ending a two-month con
stant strike threat by the 11,000
member brotherhood in seven
Western states.
The key agreement was a con
tract on 175 of tlie issues in tlie
five-year dispute. It provided tlie
union's members almost complete
protection against dismissal as a
result of automation.
The second document was an
agreement, as requested last week
by President Kennedy, to settle
thc five remaining issues by bind
ing arbitration.
J. Keith Mann, 38, associate
dean of the Stanford University
Law School, was named as the
neutral member of the arbitration
board Sunday by Kennedy. The
railroad and union have not an
nounced their representatives for
the panel.
The five issues remaining are
1. Details of job retraining for
clerks; 2. A formula which the
company could reduce tlie work
force in time of economic dis
tress; 3. The time the railroad
would be given to re-hire em
Swallows
The flights arc expected to con
tinue for weeks, but Tuesday Is
the day that counts.
For years many persons placed
a religious significance to the re
turn of the swallows on March
19th St. Joseph's Day. Not so
the Franciscan fathers who op
erate tlie mission.
However, thc fathers admitted
ly are not unhappy the birds re
turn to their mission because of
the thousands of dollars that tour
ists contribute lo various funds.
The day is one of festivities for
natives of Spanish extraction.
Weather
Klamath Falls, Tulrlake and
Lakevlew Generally fair through
Tuesday with westerly winds 5-10
m.p.h. Cool again tonight, lows
-u. Highs Tuesday 46.
Fuentes was quoted as saying:
"The only way we'll settle tlie Cu
ban issue is by bayonets."
There was a huge wave of
applause after Kennedy finished
speaking.
kind of contacts in Miami."
Token Legal Representation
She said she . was given only
token legal representation at her
trial but was treated "nicely" in
prison.
"I'm going to be tlie best
American citizen ever," Mrs.
O'Neal said. "I can thank God
for tin's and I can thank Mr. Ken
nedy, Mr. Donovan and even Mr.
Castro, who let me go."
To Settle
SP Issues
ployes laid off because of "acts
of God," such as floods or earth
quakes; 4. Money to be paid by
the railroad to employes trans
ferred from regular work areas,
and 5. Means by which workers,
who receive job retraining and
still fail to qualify, can be re
habilitated.
Space Tieup
Plan Delayed
CAPE CANAVERAL (UPD-
Tho first U. S. attempts to link
up two objects in orbit a critical
step toward development of
manned space stations probably
will be delayed until 1965, it was
indicated today.
This is a key goal that the So
viet Union came within four
miles of achieving last August.
Jerome B. Hammack and Wal
ter J. Kapryan of the federal
space agency said today that at
tempts to rendezvous" a
manned space capsule and an un
manned target object in orbit
"should begin with about the fifth
flight" In Project Gemini, Amer
ican s newest man-in-space pro
gram.
Hammack and Kapryan pre
sented their paper today before
the opening session of a three-day
space flight testing conference
sponsored by the American Insti
tute of Aeronautics and Astronau
tics. The Gemini capsules w ill carry
two-man learns of U. S. astro
nauts into orbit. The first manned
Mights in the new program are
not expected until the middle of
19K4, and tlie fifth flight could not
come before 19K5.
As planned now, ' the "rendez
vous attempt wiu involve
launching an unmanned Agena-D
upper stage Into orbit aboard an
Atlas rocket, and then sending
the two-man Gemini team Into
space about 24 hours later to try
to link up with it.