PAGE
HERALD AND NEWS, Klamath Falls, Ore.
Wednesday, Fe hruary 27, 19M
Costly Harness For Creativity
: You can start with Winston Churchill and
run through a long list of "high achievers'! in
public and private life who did not run up a
good score in school.
From this it is not exactly fair to conclude
that gifted children invariably require some
thing other than standard school routines. Nor
On we say that all who do not like those rou
tines are budding geniuses.
! Some highly gifted individuals adjust re
markably to the routinized courses of study
cjonsidered necessary for mass instruction or
any kind of group teaching. They could per
liaps move at a much faster pace than is often
required of them, but they sometimes attain
this by extra outside reading and study on
their own.
Obviously, too, there are countless chil
dren who are ill-equipped to learn, totally dis
interested in learning as such, rebellious
against all discipline and authority. Naturally
dnotigh these oppose school routine, as they
would any other.
Yet some experts on youth and its prob
lems suggest that a good number of classroom
rebels are in fact potentially creative and must
ljej'savcd" for their own and society's benefit.
Dr. George B. Brain, Baltimore's superin
tendent of public instruction, told a Washing
ton conference of the President's Committee
on Juvenile Delinquency that creativity in
youngsters is fairly easy to identify. The prob
lem is to figure out how to use it.
"Often in programs of mass instruction
it is disruptive," he says. "It is looked upon
as a disciplinary problem."
Brain insists there are few schools, even
private ones, which do very much about the
creative individual except in the fields of art
and music
The imagination and interest of many
creative persons simply is not captured by
mass instruction or olher group routines. Re
bellion is a prime weapon of protest used by
such youngsters.
How do you serve their real needs? Carve
out large blocks of school lime, says Brain,
and turn the creative ones free to develop in,
their own ways.
But such special treatment for the crea
tive, as for the backward or the incorrigible,
costs money. Mass education techniques have
been part of the price of schooling more and
more youngsters toward higher and higher
education levels. And even for these, the com
plaint is that the money is insufficient.
So, whence will come the money for this
extra effort which may be needed to rescue
some of our most promising youngsters?
'Solutions' Make Problem Worse
(Sacramento Bee)
To say Congress once again will wrestle
with the farm problem is akin to saying the
sun will shine in July, since it always does,
but a difference appears to lie in a new ad
ministration approach to bringing surpluses
down In manageable levels.
President John V. Kennedy has proposed
for the dairy industry a program similar to
that in effect for feed grains which has re
duced crop lands by 30 million acres in two
years. In general this offers feed grain grow
ers full price supports and a bonus to retire
land from production. It is a voluntary plan
with rewards for those who cooperate and
none for those who do not. ,
A year ago, in trying to bail the dairy
industry out of a critical situation, the Presi
dent proposed mandatory controls. Congress
did not agree and left price supports in ef
fect without controls, with the result that
conditions in the dairy industry went from
bad to worse.
The farm situation appears to present
problems within a general problem and what
works for one crop may not always work for
another. While wheat is grain, Washington
officials found grain is not always wheat when
I he voluntary program which worked so well
for feed grains resulted in even greater sur
pluses when applied to wheat.
Apparently the inducements offered to
the wheat growers were not large enough to
cause them to cut their acreages.
Cotton presents still another set of dif
ficulties since that commodity is in world
competition. Just when the government
thought it had aided the problem by paying
an export subsidy to sell cotton abroad, the
textiles made with American cotton by lower
priced labor in other countries began coming
back lo plague the American textile mills.
The farm problem is vital not only to
those who produce food and fiber but also
lo every American whose tax dollars help to
subsidize farming and to all who buy in the
market places.
A sound and stable farm industry is a
fundamental necessity but bow to achieve
that without subsidies or without risking un
manageable surpluses or holh is enough to
challenge the wisdom of a Solomon.
To try to work out the problem on a
voluntary basis calls for cooperation which
has not always been present. Nor can Con
gress succumb In Ihe temptation to let ag
riculture find its own level, since the nation
not only must cat but could not stand a
farm depression such as beset the land in
the 20s.
IN WASHINGTON .
Campaign Promises Fail
lly RALPH df TOl.EDAXO
Richard Nixon is lucky. He lost
Ihe election, so lie doesn't have
lo deliver. He can go clown in
history as Ihe nation's only non
anonymous Vice President. Rut
what ol the victor? John K. Ken
nedy made many socchos in
l!n. lie made man;' promises.
He roasted President Eisenhower
(or certain lapses. Hut in winning
his election, Mr. Kennedy handed
the American people an 101'.
Is he paying off?
This is the record, as compiled
liy tlie admittedly biased Rcpuhh
cans. The Democrats, no douhl,
aro Undying I lip GOP's im',0 plal
lorm and measuring it against
the accomplishments, such ,u
they may be. ol Governor Nelson
Rockefeller, Hie most likely Re
publican candidate as ol this writ
ing lint Ihe M) promises con
tained in Mr. Kennedy's cam
paign speeches will far more cer
tainly be a campaign issue in
1!M.
Kor example:
Mr. Kennedy, discussing the
Eisenhower Administration's use
of troops in the Little liock nnli
school - integration riots: "There
is more power in the Presidency
than to let things drift and then
suddenly call out Ihe lumps."
lad: ihe Kennedy military in
tervention at "Olc Miss" made
l.illle Itmk look like n high
school pirnic.
Mr. Kennedy said in a newspa
per interview: "A greater use of
the .Small Business Administration
and a more positive approach lo
the policies of management so
lacking under the Republican Ad
ministration will do much In re
lieve Ihe current pioblcms of
small business in llus country. "
Fact: Small business bankruptcies
under Mr. Kennedy have set an
alltunc high some M.OUO in the
last two years, or the highest since
Ihe (ireat Depression.
To an enthusiastic Seattle audi
ence, Mr. Kennedy asserted:
"Let mt say lliat I think it is
extremely imHirlanl thai the flut
ed Stales maintain to the extent
Missihle a sound fiscal iolicy and .
a balanced budget " Kesiilt: The
Kennedy Administration has of
loved Ihe lust rVhbcratcly unbal
anced budget in Ihe history of
the country.
"Our balance of payments will
be sluing anil we can cease lo
worry about the oulllow of gnVl.'
C.indidalc Kennedy satd in Now
York. On this, no comment.
In Sharon. Pa.. Mr. Kennedy
promised: "We commit ourselves
In a (mlicy of lull cniplovnicnl
We have lo put this country baik
lo work." The lads: I'nemploy
nienl ha lemained al an aver
age of six per cent o! Ihe wmk
lorce since January. I9M.
Shaking ol Ihe nation's d.iuy
(aimers. Ihe Democratic Mandaid
lieairr said: "Their income has
steadily dropped. The tewm h.is
been, of course, that "Ihe Eisen
hower' Administration has been
manned by people with little imag
ination," President Kennedy's Ag
riculture Secretary, (Irville Free
man, has presided over a live
percentage-point drop in dairy in
come. "Nepotism is dangrintis In the
public interest and to our nation
al morality," said Mr. Kennedy.
(Nepotism means hiring your rel
atives ' "An effective Attorney
General with the present laws that
we now have in Ihe books can
remove (Teamster President
.lames' Holla Irom ollice." Mr.
Kennedy also said. Brother Hob
by has not been able to remove
Mr. Iloffa from oflice, which may
prove the President's point about
nepotism.
The candid. lie noted that "there
is currently a dispute over wheth
er Ihe Administration should spend
the additional delense funds vot
ed by the last Congress. . . .
These funds must he uulioeii
and sciil." This was said in
September, I'.iMV In February.
I'.lsl. Ihe Congress is complaining
bitterly that the Kennedy Admin
istration did not spend delense
hinds appropriated for I lie It-Til
iMtmlier, Ihe Skylwill, and other
programs.
And lo be petty about it. two
more: "I want to be a President
who believes in woiking lull
time." Pcrloi malice: Mr. Kenne
dy has spent almost one llurd ol
bis lime at llvunnis Port, Palm
Roach, and elsewhere. "1 would
llunk thai whoever was Presi
de!!! would see the press at least
oiue a week " In his first two
yens of ollice. Mr. Kennedy has
met the pi ess 4H times.
What dives this show" Peihaps
nothing No President keeps ail
of his promises. Peril. ips it mere
ly pinves General !c Gaulle's
contention ih.il it is moie surpris
ing lor Ihe public In expect a
politician lo do as he sas he
will Ih.in II is lor the politician
lo do it.
... m K
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It's Nice to Have Friends
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STRICTLY
PERSONAL
By SYDNEY J. HARRIS
Unlike all other animals, man
is distinctively a "wishing" crea
ture. The bear and the bat, the
wolf and the walrus wish for
nothing but what their ancestors
bad the same home, the same
lood. the same everything.
It is no accident. I think, that
fairy stories (which always re
veal the deepest needs of man)
arc so concerned with wishes.
Beading a Iwok of such tales to
the children Ihe other night. !
was struck with the prevalence of
"three wishes" running through
so many of these stories.
Hut while man may be de
scribed as a wishing creature, this
does not mean that wishing is
easy. On the contrary, may many
of our dilemmas not come from
the (act that we do not know
what we pn)crly should w ish
for? In the fairy tales, the first
two wishes are always vain or
fuolish; even a child, who is a
bundle of desires, does not know
what lo wish for.
In his superb essay on "Man
Ihe Technician," Ortega y Cos
set made the point that "desir
ing is by no means easy." He
reminded us of the quandary of
the newly rich man. "With all
wish-liillilliiig means at his com
mand." Ortega points out, "he
linds himself in the awkward situ
ation of not know ing how to w ish.
At the bottom of his heart he is
aware that he wishes nothing, that
he himself is unable to direct his
appetite and to choose among Ihe
innumerable things offered by his
environment."
State Flowers
Such a man has to look for a
middleman to orient him. He gels
an expert to help him select fine
paintings. His wife hires an in
terior decorator for the new
house. The current fashion, the
latest rage, the predominant w ish
es ol other people, determine
these choices. In a sense, he en
trusts other' w ith wishing for him.
The first things the newly rich
get are better automobiles, new
er television sets, electric razors,
mixers, and so on. But these are
not genuine wishes: they are
what Ortega calls "Ihe fiction
and the gesture of genuine de
sire." They have not been thought
of originally and for oneself, but
are repeated blindly and automati
cally, because that is what the
culture calls for.
Then Ortega, as usual, strikes
to the heart of the matter: "Ev
ery wish for this or that particu
lar thing is ultimately connected
with Hie person a man wants to
be. This person, therelore, is the
fundamental wish and the source
of all other wishes. If a man is
unable to wish lor his own self
because he has no clear vision of
a self lo be realized, he can have
but pscudo wishes and spectral
desires devoid of sincerity."
What he calls "a crisis of wish
ing" may be upon us today. The
world offers us almost limitless
choice, hut if we lack this clear
vision of a self to realize, Ihe
more our w ishes come true, the
more we recede from happiness,
and become instead merely drunk
with the fulfillment of pseudo
w ishes.
Aniwr to Prdvlmn Punt
3S
HE
ACROSS
Flower of
Indiana
Flowpr of
Vermont
I jnguag
peculiarities
Tell
Ambrosia
Anturptic
Fnlih Irtlei
C.oddeu of
dawn
Siigmitic point
of a mango
Take as one'i
own
Rpceptacl
Tomb
Oak decoration
Gft up 6
Muif of poetry
Retreat a ?
Penitence H
nmorderof t)
wines 10
p!rom of 1 1
Michigan
Eclectic tab.)
Monkev
Tierces (ah )
Moccasin
of Minnesota
Aiil nor da
Ralzac
fVliefit
CWed
Man's nickname
Nests
DOWN
Metalltr?
element
Iixe
IMeasant
Negative word
dreamer''
as a beet''
Brittle
Masculine name
Aged
To no avail
He stme t1ev(cfl
lllll
12 Fmit smoke
lft I nite (Scot
21 Kind of wool
22 Ecstasy
2.1 Coffin stand
1'4 Measure of area
25 Thailand
21 Preposition
29 Kail lo hit
.to Devotees
31 From himself
.17 Scanty
3ft FpiM!r 'so
41 Mower of
Hawaii
42 Newts
43 Gossip (Scot.)
44 sole
46 African
antetopt
47 Indian
4 Oriental coinj
50 Tumor
51 Catchall
abbreviation
53 Single
54 ,ther
T 12 3 4 15 16 I p 8 9 10 U 12
13 U
15 TS
U '" 1 18 (13 I ' 120
LJ pr1 LJ '
H I 33
3? I 35
It Ir'aTl 39
W 41
42 4 J 44 I 45" 46 4? 4o
4! bl 52 53 54
7 55
Serious,
If Not
'Urgent'
By RICHARD L. STROL'T
(In The Christian Science Monitor)
Editorials and articles in sever
al publications lately have taken
a line that there was no hurry
about President Kennedy's tax
reform program because, after all,
the situation wasn't "urgent." Kv
ery newspaperman spends his life
trying to decide what news is
"urgent" provided he is ever able
lo determine what developments
arc "news." It is a baffling ex
ercise of judgment.
Take 192!i for example. For
years the statistics showed that
American farmers were in bad
shape: but how could a chronic
condition be considered news, at
lca.-t in the urgent sense of Ihe
word, when it had gone on so
long and when the rest of the
country was so prosperous; that
is, at any rale, the stock market .
was prosperous it was engaged
in a tremendous jet propelled
boom.
Of course we all know t h e
stock market crashed in 1!I29 and
precipitated 10 years of crisis that
changed the political, social and
economic climate of America.
Looking back on it now econo
mists agree that the collapse came
largely because farmers and oth
er consumers weren't getting
enough income to buy the goods
that the factories were producing.
The unbalance finally had is in
evitable comeuppance. The farm
ers' plight was hardly "urgent" in
most eastern editorial opinion in
that far off day. Let us merely
say in retrospect that it was im
portant. America seems prosperous In
day in many respects, not to say
allluent. It is true the stock mar
ket had a slight sag at the be
ginning of lnta, but that is pretty
well forgotten now in a fine re
covery. Yet the very fact that President
Kennedy has introduced his un
usual tax bill indicates that he
feels a certain uneasiness about
the economy. What can it be?
Looking over the situation one
notes that for several years now
unemployment has been around,
or over. Ihe five per cent mark.
This is quite high. Obviously Ihe
people who are out of work are
not going to buy the fine new
gixxls that the factories 'now
.dmul 13 per cent idle' could pro
duce. There are olher elemoiii wor
thy of a quick glance. In this
richest of all nations there is.
curiously enough, poverty. What
is "poverty?" The I'niled Stales
Bureau of I.ibor Statistics arbi
trarily sets it as an i n c o m e he
low M.oon a year for a family of
four, or K.000 for an individual liv
ing alone. The bureau ficures
that people tinder those totals ai r
denied the minimal lex el ol health,
housing, food, and education that
is considered necessary lor hie
as it is now liied in Ihe I'niled
Slates.
l.et us agree that these are ar
bitrary figures, but they are use
ful for comparatixe purpose.
Hi. many people fail into the
two classes' It is hard to be
lievr. but if government ficuic
are correct, about a quarter of
the population say 0 In ifl mil
lion people.
"Not just below the )eel of
cnmlortable In in;, but real pov
erty." as I1wi;lit Mai Dnnald, wri'
nig in a recent New Yorker mac.i-
EPSON IN WASHINGTON . . .
Tougher Foreign Aid
Policies Jell Slowly
By PETER EDSON
Washington Correspondent
Newspaper Enterprise Assn.
WASHINGTON (NEA)-A num
ber of radical foreign aid policy
changes are expected when Pres
ident Kennedy's permanent Com
mittee to Strengthen the Securi
ty of the Free World turns in its
recommendations about March 1.
This blue ribbon panel of nine
big business executives, former
top government officials, univer
sity professors and AFL-CIO Pres
ident George Meany will hold its
second five-day meeting in Wash
ington beginning Feb. 21 to write
its first repor . Chairman of the
group is Gen. Lucius D. Clay.
Preliminary drafts now being
circulated for comment from Ken
nedy administration leaders con
cerned with foreign policy show
much original thinking. The com
mittee has asked Agency for In
ternational Development AID
to justify its programs in every
country and all its present poli
cies. How much the Clay committee
findings influence Kennedy will
be shown when his annual foreign
aid message goes to Congress in
mid-March.
His budget message calls for
foreign aid expenditures of $3.75
billion for next year $100 mil
lion less than is estimated for this
year. But new obligational author
ity of $4.9 billion is asked, com
pared with $3.9 billion appropri
ated by the last Congress. And
the new total is too much for
many congressmen.
Congressional hearings on next
year's appropriations will begin
about April 1 with new AID Ad
mistratnr David E. Bell as prin
cipal witness in Ihe hot seat.
He has already begun calling on
key congressmen, alter a quick
trip around the world to visit
some of his principal problem
countries.
Bell has some ideas of his own
on how the AID programs should
be run. But he does not plan a
complete reorganization which
every other administrator has
made unless the Clay committee
comes up with some surprises in
that line. 1
Among proposals that have been
put to the Clay committee for con
sideration is one that the funda
mental purpose of all foreign aid
programs should be to make the
receiving countries self-supporting
as fast as possbile.
Several countries like National
ist China, Israel and Greece have
for several years been considered '
ready for a windup of U.S. ccon
nomic aid. Nobody has had the
guts to do it.
Olher countries like Libya and
Thailand are sized up as having
tlie resources to become sell
sufficient in a short time. The
solution offered for such countries
is to work out three to five-year
programs to put them on their
feet, then cut off the aid and
let them go it alone.
Such a policy would in many
cases require much internal polii
tical and economic rolorm in the
receiving countries. The trouble
is that too many developing coun
tries show no inclination to
change. The question then be
comes whether to give any aid at
all to governments showing no
progress.
The Kennedy Administration has
had the courage to cut olf aid to
Ceylon because it did not arrange
compensation for seizure and na
tionalization of American-owned
properties. Also, aid has been cut
off from Haiti because of lack
of cooperation from President
Francois Duvalicr's dictatorship.
No such action has been taken
against a big country yet.
AID officials were greatly en
couraged by the recent Gallup
poll showing 5fl per cent of the
people approved foreign aid, as
compared to SI per cent in a poll
five years ago.
One of the principal problems
of the Clay committee is to im
prove the public image of foreign
aid if it is found essential to the
national security.
WASHINGTON REPORT . . .
Outer Mongolia In
Recognition Stage
Bv Kl'LTON LEWIS JR.
It was less than two years aco
that Adlai Ewing Stevenson, act
ing on orders Irom Washington,
cast his vote lo admit Outer Mon
golia to the United Nations.
Outer Mongolia, a Communist
stale sandwiched between tlie So
viet Union and lied China, is now
the subject of much speculation
in Washington. Republican leaders
fear the Administration is ready
lo offer it diplomatic recognition,
perhaps the first step toward
recognition of Communist China.
Similar speculation was rile in
the spring and summer of I9M. At
that lime, the trial balloons were
sent aloft from 1600 Pennsylva
nia Avenue proposing U.S. rec
ognition of Outer Mongolia.
There was talk of a deal that
had been concluded at U.N. head
quarters. Outer Mongolia would
be admitted to the U.S. with
Western votes. In return, the So
viet Union would not oppose the
entrance to the world body of
Maurclania.
A number of Congressional
voices were soon raised in vehem
ent opposition. American recocni
tinn of Outer Mongolia was called
olf, temporarily at least. The U.N.
"deal" was not. however, and
Outer Mongolia and Maurclania
entered the family of nations.
One of those who opposed a
"deal" of any kind " as Connec
ticut's Senator Thomas Dodd. tlie
most knowledgeable anti-Communist
in Congress. Ixld noted that
Johns Hopkins Professor Owen
l.altimore has popped up in Ulan
Bator, capital of Outer Mongolia,
carrying a U.S. passport, just as
secrete negotiations began on tlie
subject of recognition
"I do not think it is an acci
dent," he said on the Senate
lloor. "that al the very moment
when there is a big drive on 1,1
jiersuade the Stale Department to
grant recognition to Outer Mon
golia. Owen l-attimore should ar
rive there as a VIP visitor."
State Department officials ad
mitted they knew of Lattimore
7ine article, and quoting Michael
Hamilton's "The Other Ameri
ca: Poverty in the United States."
puts it . . . "Real poverty, in
the nldfashmned sense of Ihe
word that they are hard put to
it to get the mere necessities, he
ginninc with enough to eat."
Chronic, corrosive unemploy
ment, and a quarter of the nation
at. or below, the poverty-line are
obviously drags on Ihe economy.
If they had more money they
rnuld buy more coods. European
economists have been noting this.
Tlie 2o-nat;on oECI has been
urging the I nited Stales rather
rmbanassingly to do something
alxiut its siusgish economy.
visit "to study Mongolian prog
ress." and that they would con
fer with him at length upon hil
return.
Lattimorc, incidentally, had
come under fire in 194!) by Con
gressman John Kennedy, as part
ly responsible for tlie fall of Chi
na. The Senate Internal Security
subcommittee then opened a
tliorough investigation into Latti
morc. who from 1942 to 1944 was
Deputy Director of the Ollice of
War Information, in charge of
Pacific operations. He accompa
nied Vice Presklent Henry Wal
lace on his official visit to China
and Siberia in 1944. He was ac
tive in the Institute for Pacific
Relations which the subcommit
tee determined was used to ori
entate American policy along pro
Communist lines.
Lattimorc denied Communist
Party memlwrship. but this is
what the unanimous report of the
subcommittee found:
"The former editor of tlie Daily
Worker. Louis Budenz, testified to
five episodes which he experi
enced within the Politboro of tlie
Communist Party that involved
1-attimore. . . .
"A high brigadier general in
the Soviet military intelligence
and one-time assistant to General
Berzin, who was the head of
Soviet intelligence during t h e
IWOs. testified that he was told
in Itus that Lattimore was one
of 'our men' . . . the general,
Alexander Barmine. was told this
again in 1M7 by General Krivilsky
who had been head of the West
ern European intelligence (or the
Soviets. . . ."
For almost three decades Lat
timore has been interested in rec
ncnilion by this country of Outer
Mongolia. The Senate Subcommit
tee concluded:
"A former counselor lo the So
viet ollice testified that he was
present at a meeting in the So
viet Foreicn Ollice in 19.TR or 19.17
when a hoard of commissars pre
sided over by Lilvinov passed a
formal resolution putting Latti
morc in era' ;e of a campaign to
represent Orter Monmlia to th
democratic world as a country
entitled to membership in tb
l-?acue of Nations. . . .
"The record shows that Owen
I.atlimore contended many times
that Outer Mongolia was a free
and independent country . . . yet
the record shows conclusively that
Lutimorc knew in IMS Outer
Mongolia was Soviet - controlled,
and that he repeatedly sought
from Soviet authorities permis
sion to Visit it."
And no, vwarn Republican lead
ers. Littirnore may finally have
won h:s halt; Britain has just
recognized Outer Mongolia and,
they fear, we are next!