PAGE-I
HERALD AND NEWS, Klamath Falls, Ore.
Tuesday, February 12, 1961
EDSON IN WASHINGTON
dii&uaL (paqsL
This year marks the centenary of the
crucial year of the Civil War 1863 the year
which saw the long-awaited Emancipation
Proclamation and the decisive battles of Get
tysburg, Vicksburg and Missionary Ridge.
' Lincoln's Birthday will be somewhat over
shadowed by observance of these and other
events that took place 100 years ago. One of
the greatest of these in human, not mili
tary, terms was Lincoln's address at the
battlefield at Gettysburg on Nov. 19, 1863.
It may not be amiss to anticipate this observ
ance and to recall some of Lincoln's immortal
words as we note the 154th anniversary of his
birth.
The address, a masterpiece of the English
language, contains a mere i!B0 words, yet ten
times that number could not have expressed
more, could not have more eloquently summed
up the immense human struggle the nation
was engaged in.
Indeed, Sen. Edward Everett, one of the
outstanding orators of the day, who preceded
Lincoln on the platform and spoke for two
hours, later wrote to Lincoln: "I should be
glad if I could flatter myself that I came as
near the central idea of the occasion in two
hours as you did in two minutes."
(The Christian Science Monitor)
In this season of the presidential budg
et message and of pie-shaped charts on na
tional income and outgo, it is well to remem
ber that the cost of government in the United
States is not wholly concentrated in the ac
counts of the federal Treasury.
There are 50 stale governments, not to
mention their municipalities, and each of the
states has its own budget of tax collections and
expenditures. This year regular legislative
sessions have convened or will convene in 47
of the stales, and it is estimated that by the
time they adjourn probably 2,500 laws will
have been added to the bonks having some
thing to do with taxes.
In the fiscal year 11)00-81, the last for
which the Census Bureau has assembled fig
tires, the aggregate of state lax collections
was $19,057,000,000. During the same period
the tax collections of the United States Gov
ernment, omitting employment or retirement
trust fund revenues, totaled $81,894,000,000.
Thus the total of stale and federal taxes
that year was just over $100,000,000,000, and
the state share amounted to nearly one-fifth.
For 1901-02 the Commerce Clearing
House, a private organization, calculates that
state tax collections went on to reach an all
time high of $20,000,000,000. It reports that
with soaring needs for revenue, the state
tax trend is expected to continue upward.
That trend has run at a rate of more than
5 per cent annually in the last several years.
Thoughts
The vnlrr of one crying In thf
wilderness: Prepare (lie way nt
the Lord, make his paths straight.
-Mark 1:3.
Hie voir nt Ihe people is the
voire o( God llostod.
Oh that my words were wrll
trn! Oh that they were Inscribed
In a book! Job I9:2S.
All thai Mankind has done,
thought, sained or born it is
King as In manic preservation in
tile, paces of Hooks. Tlioy are Hie
chosen po.sM-.sMon of men Thom
as Carlyle.
1 nay, Vnu are gods, sons nf
the Most HlRh. all ( ymr. never
theless. u shall rile like men.
and fall like any prince. Psalms
K;6-7.
The prince, who kepi the world
in awe.
The judge, whose dictate fud
Die law.
The rich, tlie poor, the gir.il.
Uie small.
Are levrlld: de.ilh confounds
I hem all.
lohn Gav.
lln not he hasly In I he laving
on nf hands, nor participate In
another man's sins; keep your
sell purr. I Tlmnlhy J:K.
So ilear to Heaven is saintly
chattily,
Thai, when a soul is found sin
rerely mi,
A thousand livened angels lackv
Iter.
driving far olf each tiling nf nn
and guilt.
Jului Milton.
Lincoln's Words Live On
Every schoolboy knows the opening
words: "Fourscore and seven years ago . .."
But it is the closing words that speak direct
ly to each new generation of Americans:
"... . we here highly resolve that these
dead shall not have died in vain that this na
tion, under God, shall have a new birth of
freedom and that government of the peo
ple, by the people, for the people, shall not
perish from the earth."
Too often, too many of us tend to think
that government exists solely for the people,
forgetting that unless it is representative of all
citizens and regulated by the people in their
capacity as voters, it becomes a tyranny for
the benefit of the few.
But the 100 years that have passed since
this darkest-brightest year in the history of
the Union are good proof that the high resolve
announced by Lincoln at Gettysburg has been
kept by the majority of his heirs.
The nation passed through a great crisis
a few months ago. It will not be the last, as
far as any man can peer into the future.
Let us, on this day set aside in the name
of Lincoln, reriedicate ourselves to that great
"unfinished work," which is the cause of hu
man freedom.
The States Also Spend
Earlier, as states were catching up with the
postponed work of war years, the rise was
even steeper, so that the Tax Foundation,
New York City, says the increase of state reve
nue collections was 149 per cent between 1950
and 1961.
Nevertheless, deficits during that period
nearly quadrupled the debt of states, and the
aggregate state debt in 'fit stood at very near
ly $20,000,000,0(10. Slates with the largest
debt were New York, California, and Pennsyl
vania, which also had the highest revenues
and expenses, plus Massachusetts, which
ranked eighth in money handled.
By mid-1961 the Census Bureau found
that 26 states still were spending more than
they took in hut that for the first time in near
ly 10 years the revenues and expenditures
were closely in balance when taken in the ag
gregate. Whether the latter statement remains
true for fiscal 1962 and will hold for fiscal
1963 and 1964 remains to be determined
in part by the legislatures now meeting.
As for sources of revenue. CCH found
that sales tax constituted the largest such
source in 30 of the states for fiscal 1962. Stale
income taxes were the largest revenue source
for 14 slates.
While the collections of the federal gov
ernment constitute four-fifths of the tax costs
for the average American, a reminder is in or
der that the bill for the remaining fifth is be
ing written by the legislature and administra
tion at the slate capital.
Birthday Parry
ACROSS
1 Today It 'I
birthday
Hu U S.
president
during lha
War
S Tranaferee
14 Fanon
15 Oriental coin
IS "liter vetch
17 Conceals
is, Kly aloft
aostouan Indian
22 Type of boat
Xt Coniume
Z.SGnl! learner
27 Shakespeare
and others
Ml Withdraw
34 Chevalier I
airmmcr
Sis Hammer head
37 Km if a
38 Pierea with a
inila
40 Promontore
41 Hebrew letter
4.1 Small towers
4.S Rri.tles
47 Cuckoo
blackbird
48 Me lha
nation in
perilous times
49 Dance atrp
52 Ancient Irian
capital
M Ollierwisr
Mt Penetrate
0 Pewter coin
ot Thailand
((2 Creek Idler
M Aromatic herb
64 He was ahot In
Kent's
M Pithy
67 Dispatchers
lion N
1 Srottith miss
2 Ileum
(comb, form)
3 Ship of
t'olumbua
4 Symbol lor
cerium
a Individual
a llormoue
7 Bird's home
. H
a
, 10
' II
)2
IK
21
gt
?
21
'.'
J
30
.St
SI
1 h Ii 15 16 7" la 19 l-.O III 112
13 14
ii rirs n
is fsTVlio ii Tt5
123 j 3 2t
27 23 29 (TTiO1 32-37"
34 i j ib Co rnp
43 44 r"jU5 6
sir br nrj 53 It
S8 b9 """65 bl" T"i 52
53 S? b5
66 il
I 1?
Anawer to Pravloua Punle
lliikluised
.1.1 l.ow aand hill
3ft Abstract beings
.ItHinderuarment
41 Cnmpasa point
44 limner enursa
4ft Hutch city
48 Machine tool
41 Irish furl
Mi Feminine nam
SI Rustle
M Rodents
SS l)iiadnll set
Ml One who
tsuffiii
ST suricles
ft.9 Worm
at Numbee
SI Paid notice
Anccr
Hnhe
Ailments
For fear that
Color
('mioses
Cleopatra's
rrpltle
I.iibitcant
meat
Aleutian laland
Krect
Scott i h
nhrepfolds
Oxidation
At-am
silkworm
THE GLOBAL VIEW
rr 't m I
M Camps Are Revisited
By 1.KON DKNNK.V
Newspaper Knlcrprise Analyst
NEW YORK (NE.M Rolwi t ,
Frost surely spoke for all civilized
men when he (old Russian writers
on a cultural exchange visit here
that "we must not cut down the
apple trees and we must not poi
son the wells."
The great American poet was
of course alluding to the ever pres
ent threat of a conflict between
the Free and Red worlds.
But history in the atomic ai;e
is made hy politicians and not
by poets and writers. Behind the
Iron Curtain even culture is a
tool in the Red politician's un
ceasing efforts to bury the Free
World.
A temarkable book by a Soviet
citizen just printed in the United
Stales in an English translation il
lustrates again how Nikifa Khrush
chev cleverly manipulates liter
ature and art In whitewash his
dictatorship.
Entitled "One Day in the I.ile
of Ivan Deni.sovii'h." Ihe hook tells
the incredible slory of millions of
innocent Russians imprisoned for
years in Stalin's slave labor
camps.
The author of the book, Alex
ander Solzhenitsyn. is nol a pro
fessional w tiler. He is a 44-vcar-old
teacher of physics who. until
his "rehabilitation" in IH57. was
an inmate nf Russia's numerous
slave lalHir camps. Rut his ac
count of the terror-ridden world
fenced in hy barbed wire, ringed
by watch towers and trigger
happy guards and ruled hy jungle
r-. - w I I I I l I
L-. P nrnCAM a I
lly SVIINK.Y .1. HARRIS
While driving up to a ski tesoil
for a weekend recently , I was re
minded nf a question put to Kmity
Post some ears ago hy a pcr
pleved reader: ' How should two
married couples be seated in an
automobile?"
Mrs. Post replied that it is
customary for tin- wives to sit
together on lite bark seal anil
Ihe two men together on Hie Ironl
seal 'Ilien. with a wild disregaid
lor the nvriancholy li uth, she add
ed: "On a long lour, however.
Ihe wife of the dnver usually
sits beside her husband. Nvau-e
he is ued to counting on tier
lor road map directions."
Th.it rude muse vou hear is the
Eton laughter bursting Irom the
llinvats of a million motorists
who have, at one time e.ti'y in
tlieir marital careers, rntru'lcd
the leading of the road map to
tite volunteer navigator on their
I ig'it
Vlmiiabie as women are in
many wavs, they are noloi:ntis!v
deliiienl in a sense of direction,
combining Hie minimum of ob
servation with Ihe maximum of
optimism A woman reading a
road map is as hopelcsb, ol as
a ni. n involved in lading institu
tions; and, moteover. she is bas
ically hostile to the established
axiom that a straight line is Ihe
S 1
WOMB f
CONTINUE TOOTHER ...HALF
slave" and mmv
law is one of the great documents
of our century.
This,' to be sure, is nol the first
book about communism's attempt
fo terrorize and brutalize a
whole nation in the name nf a
mythical socialism.
In 19.50 this writer spent weeks
in Paris recording the story of
Elinor Upper who had languished
more than a decade in the type nf
a camp depicted in "One nay in
the Life of Ivan Denisovich."
Miss Lipper was a starry-eyed
idealist of 211 when she went from
Switzerland to Russia to see wilh
her own eyes "the glorious Social
ist Fatherland." Allhough a Swiss
national, she was nevertheless ar
rested on trumped , up chargei ,
during Stalin's famous purges and
spent the next 11 years in Siberian
slavery. '
She was finally liberated due to
persistent efforts on the part of
the Swiss government. But when
she lold her tragic slory in 1951
in her book. "Eleven Years in
Soviet Prison Camps." hordes of
leftists and liberal intellectuals in
Europe and the United States de
nounced Miss Upper as tt liar.
Fascist and agent of American
imiiei'ialism.
Now. 12 years later, the same
account of Ihe slave labor camps
is given by Alexander Solzhenil
syn. a Soviet citizen who resides
in Russia. His book was even
printed in Moscow's leading lit
erary Journal.
Why. Ilien. did the Kremlin rul
ers allow Solzhenilsyn's book to
he printed in their lightly con-
tpipti y
shortest distance between I w o
points.
Even when a map is eschewed
'a line old word that requires
constant watering1, and she is
asked to keep her little pink eve
ivelcd lor road signs, the doughty
travelers fare no better. The fem
inine mind tends to wander in
the direction of cute farmhouse
curtains, spotted cows, fruit
stands purveying homemade jel
lies, and some mysterious cere
bration thai closely resembles an
hvpnolie trance
Where slve really shines, howev
er, is as an ex post facto naviga
tor. Once let the man gel lost,
and slve knows exactly how he
went wiling Ihey should have
turned at the old red barn and
cone two miles east, then cut
over pat Ihe memorial park Any
Iini would have known lh.it.
And doggone if she isn't right,
more or levs, much lo the dis.
comliture of Ihe superior male,
wlvn has been so preoccupied with
lonte numbers, directional signs,
and short outs, thai he has missed
the obvious path.
Mis. Post was wrong when sive
said thai the husband counts on
his wile for road map directions
What he counts on her for is a
much more fundamental task:
placidly selling him right alter
she has lei him make a lool of
h.mseif. Io sou suppose she disrs
il on purpose?
lifaAi
1
trolled press? Is it because the
Soviet dictatorship has turned
"liberal," as some Western in
lellectuals seem to believe?
There is certainly less terror in
Russia since Stalin died in lR.'gl.
Most of the slave labor camps
have been abolished and there are
fewer arbitrary arrests of inno
cent Soviet citizens. But the basic
nalure of the Red dictatorship re
mains unchanged.
It w as the editor of the literary
journal where Solzhenilsyn's book
first appeared four months ago
who unwittingly revealed the rea
son (or its publication. This shows,
he said, "that today there is no
aspect" of Russian life "that can
not lie dealt wilh and faithfully
described." He also made sure
to cite Nikita Khrushchev's state
ment at the Communist Congress
nf lOtil that "all abuse of power"
should he carefully investigated.
The Soviet premier was of
course speaking of Stalin's abuse
of power and not to his own dic
tatorship. Since Khrushchev became rul
er in the Kremlin, Soviet prop
agandists have exerted every ef
fort to disguise the fact that for
more than a quarter of a cen
tury the Soviet premier was Stal
in's willing tool and faithful part
ner in incredible crimes. They
seek to create a new- image nf
Khrushchev at home and abroad.
By printing Solzhenilsyn's story
while Pasternak's Doctor Zhiv
ngo and other literary master
pieces are still banned in Russia
the Kremlin obviously wants to
create live impression that al
IhotiL'b Stalin was a had dicta
tor his successors are benevolent
rulers.
However, the story of Ivan
Denisovich. an innocent carpenter
condemned lo endless years of
misery and despair, is more
than merely an account of slave
labor camps. II rellecLs the image
of Soviet society as a whole.
The life of the prisoners in
side live camp, as described by
Solzhenitsyn, is not much differ
ent Irom the life of the free peo
ple outside. The difference is not
between freedom and slavery. It
is merely a difference in the de
gree of oppression.
QUESTIONS
AND
ANSWERS
Q According In tradition which
ln rivers watered the Garden nf
Kden?
A The Euphrates and the Ti
gris. Q When will the next Amerl
ea" Top yachting race he held?
A America has accepted Ihe
British challenge for September
irs.4.
i Rv Moslem law a man has
Ihe right tn marry hnw many
wives?
A Four, but tins right is sel
dom exercised at Ihe present day.
Ce W hat rare Is called the Ken
tucky Derby nf harness raring?
A The Hamhletonian. formerly
held al Goshen. NY. now held at
Pu Quoin. lil.
O What animal is rapahle ot
running backward?
A The pocket gopher.
Governors Disregard
Pledges In Campaign
By FULTON LEWIS JR.
In every hamlet, in every city
that he visited dilring a grueling
campaign for reelection last fall.
Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller played
(he same theme: Four more years
nf Republican government would
mean "fiscal responsibility" for
New York voters. He pledged nol
to raise taxes.
Three months after New York
voters took his word and sent
him back to Albany. Governor
Rockefeller has presented the leg
islature with a record budget of
almost $2.9 billion.
He has put forth a controversial
plan that would increase the cost
of automobile license tags, liquor
licenses" and various state "serv
ices." The program would cost
New York taxpayers $109 million
additionally a year, $48 million of
which would come from stepped
up automobile fees.
During last year's campaign
across the Keystone State nf
Pennsylvania, Republican W i 1
liam Warren Seranton ripped the
administration nf outgoing Gov
ernor David Lawrence, a Demo
crat. He tore into Richardson Oil
worth, the Philadelphia millionaire
who carried the Democratic par
ly's standard as its gubernatorial
nominee. He warned voters that
Dilworth, "a reckless spender,"
meant higher taxes. He promised
"economy in government."
One month after Seranton took
his oath of office at Harrisburg,
he has sent to the Legislature
a budget that is some $70 million
higher than his predecessor's.
In California, from the moun
tains nf the north to the beaches
of the south, Edmund "Pat"
Brown pledged to voters that he
would safeguard their hard
earned tax dollars. He. too, prom
ised to hold the line on taxes,
and he was reelected.
Governor Brown has now sub
mitted a record budget to his
Legislature. He has demanded in
By PETF.R EDSON
Washington Correspondent
Newspaper Enterprise Assn.
WASHINGTON (NEAI-A guide
In the. mind ot Secretary of State
Dean ' Rusk is now obtainable
through a new book containing
some 60 selections from his
speeclies and foreign policy state
ments during the last two years.
Edited by ace newsman Ernest
Lindley, who is now Rusk's spe
cial assistant, the volume is ti
lled. "The Winds of Freedom'
i Beacon Press, $4.95i. The title
should mislead no one into think
ing it is a windy book. Rusk is
a fast thinker and a fast talker.
But he is by no means n windy
character. And concise editing has
boiled down his policy statements
to their very essence.
One of the interesting things tn
do with his hook is to take one
subject and. by means of the in
dex, track down Rusk's ideas on
il. Communism, for instance, and
Ihe related subjects of the I'SSIt.
Khrushchev, Stalin, the Sino-Sovi-el
bloc.
There is no one speech or dec
laration which liilly and in detail
outlines a policy for dealing wilh
inter national communism where
ever it is found. To some readers
this may he a fundamental fault,
, Brit references tn communism
crop up all through the book and
there is no evidence here that he
is "soft" on it.
The last chapter of Ihe book
highlights his speech to Ihe Veter
ans of Foreign Wars in Minne
apolis last August, titled "Our
Goal: A World-Wide Victory For
Freedom."
"The global struggle lor free
dom and against Communist im
perialism is our main business
al Ihe Stale Department." says
Rusk. "My colleagues and I give
intensive attention, day by day,
to Communist strategy and tac
tics "Vi one has to convince us
that when Khrushchev said com
munism will bury us he was pro
claiming ... an objective toward
which Communists work relent
lessly. No one has tn convince us thai
'peaceful coexistence' means In
them a continuing attempt tn
spread their system over the earth
hv all means short of a war
which would be se-deleating.
"o one has to convince us
that tile contest between Com
munist imperialism and freedom
is for keeps."
Here is an insight on a very
tough. minded man.
"The underlying crisis is not an
ideological conflict between lith
Century capitalism and 19th Cen
tury socialism." Rink had lold a
National Press Club audience ear
lier "11 does nol result from a
bilateral conflict between Ihe So
viet I'nion and the Imted States.
"The central issue of ihe crisis
is Ihe announced determination to
Impose a world of coercion upon
( ,
creases in the unemployment in-.
surance tax paid by Calilornia
employers and in disability un
employment insurance tax paid
by California employes.
"Everybody talks about econo
my in government." notes Jim
Rhodes, recently elected Ohio
Governor. "But almost nobody has
the intestinal fortitude to carry it
out." .
Almost nobody, that is, but
Rhodes, who received the nation's
largest gubernatorial plurality last
November when he unseated Dem
ocrat Mike DiSalle.
Soon after Rhodes's election,
two private accounting firms dis
covered that the Buckeye State,
which boasted a $M million sur
plus when DiSalle took over in
19.58, was now $84 million in the
red.
Rhodes, who promised repeated
ly during his campaign to "cut the
at Irom DiSalle's payroll," went
to work. He discharged or fur
loughed more than 4.000 state
employees in one fell swoop.
He instructed his Stale Finance
Director, Richard Krabach, to in
stitute budget cuts of 9.1 per cent
in every administrative depart
ment. Krabach's order reads in
part:
"As of Dec. 31, 1961. there
were 54,952 persons on the Slate ot
Ohio payrolls.
"As of Dec. .11, lli2, there
were 62,239 persons on the Slate
of Ohio payrolls.
"The increase in personnel for
calendar 1962 w as, therefore, 7,387.
"1 am at a loss lo understand
how the addition of 7.387 per
sons during calendar 1962 can be
justified."
The economy moves of Rhodes
and Krabach have resulted so far
in an estimated savings of $70
million for Ohio taxpayers. The
economies will continue, they say.
And no increase in tax rates,
demanded by Ihe Democrats, will
he necessary, says Krabach.
WASHINGTON REPORT . . .
Book Gives Insight On
How Dean Rusk Works
Ihnse not already subjected to It.
If this means exaggerated sim
plicity, let us not be mistaken by
our own reluctance to believe what
they say, for on this point they
mean it. At slake is the survival
and growth of the world of free
choice. ..."
Returning In the Minneapolis
text for a moment: "One hears
now and then that we have a 'no
win' purpose or policies," Rusk
told the VFW. "That is simply
not so. Of course we intend lo
win. And we are going tn win."
Rusk is perhaps still not as
well known in the United States
as were Dean Acheson and the
late John Fosler Dulles in their
times. They were more controver
sial figures who made and an
nounced United Stales foreign pol
icies in Ihe names of others. Rusk
subordinates himself tn President
Kennedy as the head of slate
constitutionally responsible for
American foreign policy.
II may surprise many people,
therefore, that in his lirst two
years in office Rusk has traveled
more miles than Dulles did in a
comparable period of time.
Rusk has what is described as
a machine-gun mind. He wants
his associates lo think as fast as
he does, and he cannot stand
mediocrity on his staff. Rut in
negotiation with an opponent he
can he extremely patient, repeat
ing his points endlessly tn drive
them home. He js tireless, with
a physical stamina that enables
him lo lake the punishment nf his
never-ending job.
"The Winds nf Freedom" is
probably just the first nf what
will he a series of volumes on
Rusk's conduct of foreign policy,
it is, in a sense, an index tn his
global philosophy.
Al
manac
By I nlled Press International
Today is Tuesday. Feb 12. Ihe
4.1rd day nf I9M with .122 to fol
low. '
The moon is approaching its
iast quarter.
Tie morning star is Venus. ;
The evening star are Mars,'
Saturn and Jupiter.
Those born on this day include
Abraham Lincoln, in IRH9.
On this day in history:
In 1912. China hecme a repub
lic as the Manrhu Dynasty was
overthrown hy Chimse national
ists. In I9I. all theaters in New
York where shut down tn sava
coal.
In 1924, Paul WLlcman con
ducted program n' "symphonic
jazj" in New Voir Cit). with
George Gershwin playing his now
famous "Rhapsody in Blue "
In 195.1. Soviet Russia broke off
diplomatic relations with Israel
aPer terrorists bombed the Hus-i
sian legation in Tel Aviv.