.PACE t-K
HERALD A.VD NEWS, Klamath Falls, Ore.
Thursday, January 24. 19IH
EPSON IN WASHINGTON . . .
Budget Is A Natural
For Wrecking Crew
Slight Delay on Track One
Right Votes, Wrong
i; The Republicans knew something was
sadly wrong when, in the 1962 elections,
they piled up 48 per cent of the total vote
for U.S. House members but got just 40 per
cent of the seals. Now they think they have the
answer: bad districting.
: If votes and seats were matched at 48
per cent, the GOP today would have 209
house seats instead of the 176 they won.
GOP researchers, seeking the reason
they did not get those extra 33 places, took
a hard look at congressional apportionment,
nationwide. In a study now being privately cir
culated to governors, legislators and party of
ficials, they concluded that:
A great deal of Republican strength is
concentrated in oversized districts. Such dis
tricts are defined as those which have at least
15 per cent more population than each dis
trict would have if all within a state were
equal in population.
The effect of oversize, of course, is often
to give the winning party a far bigger cushion
of votes than it has any use for. These show
up In the total vote but do not add seats. IT
some of the "extra" population were placed
in a nearby district, it might give the parly
another seat.
Of the oversized districts in the nation,
Republicans won 41, Democrats 44. That
seems to put the Democrats in an even worse
fix, but it is only part of the story. The bal
ancing evidence is that the Democrats cap
tured 64 seats in undersized districts, while
the GOP won only 21 in such areas. The
undersized naturally, are those which fall 15
(Madford Mail - Tribune)
C; The final report of the Oregon Constitu
tion Revision Commission has been completed
and printed. Some 3,000 copies are now being
distributed. Free single copies are available
to anyone requesting one from the Commis
sion's office, Room 300, Capitol Building, Sa
lem, Ore.
II is the commission's hope that it will
be widely read and studied. For only if enough
people take an active interest in the proposed
new document will it have any chance for pas
sage. Copies of the report have been sent to
circuit and district judges, public and private
libraries, department heads, county offices,
THESE DAYS .
Yea-Saying In Politics
By JOHN CHAMRKRLAIN
The Republicans in Congress
are serving notice this year th;it
they intend to oiler "positive" al
ternatives lo measures sponsored
hy Hie Democrats. This'program
lor getting the i()P o(t Ihe honk
of "negativism" and "obstruction
ism" is laudable. Hut it should
he judged in the light of its ends:
every hit of Hepubliran "alterna
tive" legislation should lie pitched
toward restoring a greater meas
ure of voluntary action in socie
ty. Compromises are permissible
hut they should be compromises
Inward freedom, not away from
It.
Knr my own part, I am skepti
cal of Ihe heuelils of too much
"positivism" in legislation. Head
ing over tile Ten Commandments
the other day In Frances lliilill'iv
admirable condensation of Holy
Writ railed "The Concise Bible."
Ihey were just as 1 liad remem
bered them. Nine of Ihe Ten
Commandments featuic a flat
"Thou Shalt Not" the only "posi
tive" commandment is the one In
"honor lliy lather and thy moth
er." If the l.ord as a Inn-giver is
nine-lenths a "nrgntivist." why
Is the rage for legislative "posi
tivism" so admirable?
We have, of course, rewritten
Ihe Ten Commandments in recent
years, rutting them into the lash
innahle modern non-King .lames
English, they now read this way
I. Vou shall have no other gods
THEY
SAY...
For although television serves
the eyes and ears of millions ol
people . . . it is the press that
speaks day alter day lor Ihe heart
of America.
Columbia I niversitv professor
John llnhenherg. urging Increased
reporting on ne of nubile aerv
Ire hy Ihe press.
Agriculture will have to seak
Hh a more unified voire if it is
in he heard I in Congress'.
i-Agrlculliire Secretary Orvllle
frrcmu.
per cent or more below the optimum size.
The party that wins most in the under
sized districts obviously makes its votes count
for more in seats. In the 88th Congress, one
of every four Democrats but only one of every
nine Republicans represents an undersized
district.
In contrast, one of every four Republican
lawmakers but one of every six11 Democrats
represents an oversized district.
GOP studies show that 58 of 97 scats in
the Old South (leaving out nine at-Iarge posts))
are either too large or too small to be rated
fairly apportioned. Though Republicans in
creased their southern vote mightily in 1962,
they won just 11 of the 97 districted seals
for a net gain of four.
Most of the too-fat districts, say the Re
publicans, are not big cily areas but are either
in medium-sized cities or in the badly under
represented suburbs, coast to coast.
Th net effect of this study is to urge
upon GOP leaders everywhere a new, com
prehensive effort to achieve more equitable
congressional apportionment, which might in
turn yield a betler party ratio of scats to votes.
The growth of the suburbs makes the mat
ter reasonably urgent for the Republicans,
for they count on building new strength
there.
Yet many of the nation's 85 undersized
districts are today represented by powerfully
entrenched figures who pack great weight in
their home states. One cannot imagine that
they will give ground easily to changes that
would make their areas more competitive.
Proposed Constitution
school libraries, to the state libraries, gover
nors and supreme courts of the 50 states, and
to major universities.
The report not only contains the text of
Hie proposed new Constitution; it also includes
explanatory matter approved by the 17-nipm-ber
commission to give its thinking concern
ing the various changes, why I hey were made,
and what effect they would have.
The commission was not unanimously in
favor of all the changes, but was near-unanimous
in recommending the document as a
good one, worthy of serious consideration.
We suggest that it receive study by all
Ihnsc interested in effective slate government.
before me except when you are
called lo bow down More the
Omnipotent State.
2. Vou shall not make any grav
en image, unless your public re
lations counsellor has decided that
your present natural image is
keeping you from making money
or getting elected to olfice.
3. Vou shall not lake the name
of the Iflid thy Government in
vain
4 Hrmcmbor Ihe Sabbath day.
to keep it holy for the pro loot
hall game. In it ou shall not
do any work that ran he put oil on
mama and the kids
5. Honor your lather and your
mother hut let "society" pro
vide for their old age with Medi
care . Vou shall not kill, except
that it Is all right for the I N to
kill Kntang.ius in Allien.
7. Vou shall not commit adul
tery unless you are a lamous in
ternational film star.
fl. Vou shall not steal unless
you can get erniission to do it
as a member of an organicd
pressure group.
S. Vou shall not bear false wit
ness except against races or re
gions or groups or nations as a
whole
10 Vnu shall not covet nnv
thing that Is your neighbor s un
less he hapH'iis to lie in a higher
tax bracket than youiscll.
Thus we have tempered the Ten
Commandments with the "(mim
tive " approach .Since il is oh
viouslv inexpedient In leluin In
the 'old lime simplicity of Ihe Mo
saic version of the Decalogue.
t!e Itrpuhuians cannot hoV to
win elections :v ,ciiig n.iv s.tvels
Hut they mu.nl brum to woik
back to reliant e on liadilioii.il
individualist mnralily by degrees.
Kor example, instead of inflict
ing the unseen thelt of moie and
more inllattnnaiy dcluiis on ov
oivIsmIv, the Itrpublicans might
oiler the following as a lour
point ptnpositum
I Instead of adding lo compol
soiy Social Senility, the Fcdoial
government might exempt am
individual who t.in prove on his
lax statement that he is ahcadv
providing lor such things as his
oldai Mitlictua.
Places
2. Instead ol subsidizing rich
farmers, the law- might he turned
around to provide lor the poorer
farmers n-nduig the day when
they will he able to turn their
talents lo other modes ol lile.
3 Instead of underwriting gran
diose schemes ol "urban re
development." the government
might oiler low inlci csi loans to
Iree associations of local prop
erty owners who ton piesent shun
clearance or renovation programs
of their own.
4 Inslead of trying In compel
labor and management lo abide
hv federal "guide lines" in the
mailer ol wages and prices and
unemployment compensation, the
government might ofler simple
tax rebates to companies willing
lo giant guaranteed annual
wages.
Any such loin point proposilion
would involve a continuation of
some governmental mtcrlcience.
Hut Ihe compromises involved
would be toward more fierdoni
than we have al present
Almanac
Hv United Press International
Today is Thursday. .Ian 21 the
2llh day of IW..1 with :HI to follow.
The moon is approaching its
new phase.
The morning stars are Venus
and Mars.
The evening stars are Mars,
.lupiter and Saturn
On this day in history:
In 1K48. cold was lust distov.
eicd in the Sacramento River
near Column. Calif.
In imw. Ihe lii'st Hot Smut
troop was organie.l in Ungl.oid
hy a general in the Hntish amn.
Hubert Baden Powell
In 1!H. Iliissi.m ti.tops ciussed
l!ic Oder Hivcr and landed en
Get nun sod lor the lust time
In l!Mi' the (ieneiat Nssrmb'v
voicd to cicale a I V Atunuc
Energy Commission.
thought (or the ilav- men
tan humorist lcden Nuh onre
s.nd ' Hankers are ust like any
bod; else, except ricliei."
"ffir-; iii'tsv. .win- i . kinf gu. , t Etf.s.'i?.'ii' , "
, i .
IN WASHINGTON .
Sen.
By RALPH de TOLEDANO
Conservatives in Washington
are still recovering from Ihe shock
of Sen. Barry Goldwater's state
ment that he would not decide
unt i January of 10(14 whether he
will seek Ihe Republican Presi
dential nomination. He has, they
reali.c, put them in a box, for
these reasons:
t. Hy the early days of ne.xt
year, much of the organization
al work which must precede a
push for the nomination will
have been done by those who
seek il. Many delegations will he
sufficiently committed to active
candidates to make a switch to
.Senator Goldwater impossible.
2. Between now and next year,
many supporters of Mr. Goldwa
ter will be afraid to go out on a
limb lor him. They know that he
is aware of Ihe political realities ,
and must have put off his de
Ity SYDNEY I. HARRIS
Purely Personal Prejudices: It
is not attention we want, but ap
preciation : everybody minds be
ing interrupted, but nobody minds
being interrupted hy applause.
The way a man acts when he
makes a lot of money is a (air
indication of his character: hut
a lar bettor indication is the wav
he acts when he loses a lot of
money, for it is easier to j:o
I mm poverty to aflluence with
out crowing jubilantly than it is
to go from allluence to poverty
without complaining bitterly.
Talking with a strange unman
who had come with her fiance
to a parly. I was suddenly
asked hy her. "What Ho vnu
think of him?", and could only
blurt out the loo-candid reply.
"II you have to ask a strane
er. you're not ready In marry
him."
Treachery is almost alwavs a
matter of weakness rather than a
de1 literal ion. for every one per
son who conspires in deceit, a doz
en others lall into it through mere
lack (tf moral energy.
Uvcn tiucr m the atomic age
than when he stoke them two cen
times ago are l.ichtonVi gs pin
phetic words: "Hone-l. unalleel
etl distiusl of tlie oweis ol man
is the surest sign ol intelligence. '
An administrator Is loo ollrn
someone who, begins worrying
about the "morale" of the stall
nnlv when It Is a low thai
nothing but a chance of admin
Istralors ran help It.
Children who laugh uproanou--Iv
at their relloctions in ihe
warped minor of a fun house
have vet to leant that all .mil
ius are distorted ones, (or n. n
ol us is eapah'o ( seeing his
l.ue a- others ss-e it. hut only as
he caielully poses it in the look
ing glass
It is an error ol the vulgar t
Ixvrve thai histoty repeats ilseit.
."'.' '-.ri..-j'-. .'.
Goldwater
cision as a means of discouraging
activity in his behalf. Money for
delegate-gathering will he hard to
come by.
3. At the same lime, they can
not turn their backs on him. They
are therefore prevented from
seeking a new spokesman for
American conservatism.
In effect, this means that any
hope they might have had for
seizing the national GOP from
"liberal" and "Wall Street" Re
publicans is doomed to failure. It
is an axiom of politics that you
can't fight somebody with no
body. But as they try to shut out
the leading contender. Gov. Nel
son Rockefeller, litis is precisely
what Senator Goldwater is forcing
them to do.
There is bitterness in conserva
tive circles here for another rea
son. The more praclical in those
STRICTLY
PERSONAL
what happens, as someone has
said, is that historians repeat one
another.
It's a curious paradox that so
many men who passionately
Ivelieve in laissez (aire in t'aei.'
business lives violate this precept
every day in their personal liv'gs.
and are Uie most domineering of
husbands and the most interfer
ing of fathers; tliey believe in
the open conllict of goods ami
prolits. hut not in the lire com
petition of personalities and ways
ol hie.
When we are ynung. every
tiling familiar Is boring and
only the exotic attracts; when
we are old. we begin to experi
ence the odd reversal lhal rv
entiling exnlir Is boring, and
only Ihe familiar Is attractive.
Why was Othello so easy to
diiie, so willing to believe in Ihe
iniidelity of Desdemona? Not un
til we understand the answer to
this question, can we grasp Ihe
true psychological nature of jeal-
POTOMAC
FEVER
tf'K offers a two-way budget
10,'ked at one way, outgo exceeds
income. But if you turn it upside
down, you'll see that Ihe income
is really far Irss than the outgo.
Khrushchev blasts Rrd China
lor advocating ar. The Reds
are suffering fmin thai old
Cemmiinisl disease Ihe Ism
schism.
The Senate debates ajiotlver ef
fort to curb filibusters I-ong be
fore the Pentagon Heard of the
anti-missile missile, the Senate in
vented the anti-talk ta'k
The Supreme Cotut fates dnee
more school prayer cases. It s v,
ish.ng up its motto' ' Learn now -prav
later "
KUTCHrlv KNIT. IT.
rB I s ill
lt.l,. - . - .: : .'.-".-.
And 1964
circles have conceded all along
that Senator Goldwater had at
best a long-shot chance Id win the
Republican nomination. But if he
went into the 1AS4 GOP convention
with a sizable bloc of delegates,
he would be a real power in its
deliberations. He could moder
ate Ihe influence' of such Repub
licans as Sen. Clifford Case of
New Jersey and Sen. Jacob Jav
its of New Vork who wish to blur
party lines hy out-doing the New
Frontier and promising all
things to almost all men.
Since 11140. lefl-of-cenlcr Repub
licans have dominated Ihe Presi
dential nominating conventions
and put their stamp on much of
Ihe quadrennial palform. Kven
Richard Nixon, whose major
strength was in the Midwest, felt
called upon to compromise with
the Rockefeller forces in IliiiO
and this show of weakness may
have cost him the eleclion.
The Congressional Republican
Parly has lar more accurately re
fleeted Ihe political sentiments
of the grassroots Gl)P than the
national party which may ac
count for the fact thai of the
roughly five million voters added
to Ihe rolls between 19'ifl and lor.2.
four-fifths voted for Republican
Congressional candidalcs. It was
the hope of moderate to solid con
servatives that, whether or not
they could nominate Mr. Goldwa
ter in 1 1164. his candidacy for (hat
designation would allow Ihem lo
rapture at least a part of the na
tional party machinery.
There is. of course, a silver
lining. Mr. Goldwater has pledged
that in the present session of
Congress he will devote himself
almost exclusively to Senate busi
ness. In the past, he spent so
much time traveling about the
country anil as one Republican
put it. "talking to college hoys"
that he has boon unable to ex
ert the considerable leadership he
might have had in Senate delib
erations. If Mr. Golowater slicks
lo his Senatorial last, il is being
predicted, the Senate will not
he as subservient to Ihe Kennedy
Administration as it was in the
second session of the STIh Cong
ress. Hut the question is being asked,
and asked repeatedly on Capi
tol Hill: "Now that Harry has
stepped out. who can we get to
he the new Mr. Conservative''"
Or. for that matter, the new Mr.
Republican The only men on the
Hill with sufficient stature (Repre
sentative Melv in Uiii ri of Wiscon
sin is one such i are hampered be
cause they are losl in the vast
shutfle of the House of Repre
sentatives, It is relatively easy
lo make a national figure of a
Senator. But a Representative
is one of many, whatever his
abilities, and he ran only be pro
inted into the limelight with the
aid of the Republican National
Committee chairman in this
case. Rep. William Miller of New
Vork whose fortunes are tied to
those of Governor Rockefeller .
Given the proper build-up, Mr.
1-aird could he an excellent and
brilliant leader of sound Republic
ronservatism Many eyes are also
on Rep Robert A Taft Jr. of
Ohio Hut he is a freshman and
to dale untried in the jungles of
IsOtica! Washington It is also ob
vious that he is pulling first things
titsi. looking ahead to a Senate
scat and the prestige that g-ves
with it
These ate the pr.-blrm wlinh
By PETER EDSON
Washington Correspondent
Newspaper Enterprise Assn.
WASHINGTON (NEAl - Presi
dent Kennedy's budget message
to Congress may wipe out much
of the favorable reaction he got
from business and even some
Republicans on his State of the
Union Message.
That first message, in general
terms, promised a tax cut, reduc
tion of government expenses oth
er than for national defense, space
research and fixed interest charg
es on the debt. It also promised
a reduction of government per
sonnel and the, substitution of pri
vate credit for some government
financing.
The State of the Union Mes
sage rejected massive increases
in federal spending and tempor
ary lax cuts. It turned thumbs
down in the interests of economy
on many "desirable" new proj
ects thai would have cost $7 bil
lion lo $8 billion more. It was a
moderate, conciliatory program
with optimistic outlook.
The budget message puis most
of this back where it was.
It will be necessary to wait on
Ihe special tax message scheduled
for Jan. 24 to get all the bad
news. But the outlook now is for
a long, hard, uphill pull. It will
lake four years to achieve any
thing like a balanced budget and
full employment.
This assumes that Congress ap
proves all the proposed adminis
tration reforms, that they work
as planned and that there is nn
recession or war in the mean
time to gum up the works.
The consolidated cash budget,
deficit for the fiscal years end
ing June 30. I3 is put at $8.3 bil
lion, with $3.9 billion of supple
mental appropriation requests still
to come. The deficit for fiscal 19n4
is now estimated at $10.3 billion.
But already there are forecasls
that it will surely hit $13 bil
lion, about the same as in the
previous peacetime record year
of 1!I5!).
The national debt is estimated
at $303.5 billion as of next June
30 and $315.6 billion a year later.
The national debt will increase
every year the budget is not bal
anced. On the schedule of anticipated
lax receipt reductions the nation
al debt may go well over the $120
billion mark before the budget is
again brought into balance. This
assumes that government exons-
WASHINGTON
Campaign Spending
Reports Misleading
By Kl'LTON LEWIS. JR.
His colleagues Republicans
and Democrats alike could take
a few lessons in political honesty
from North Carolina's senior Sen
ator. Sam Krvin.
There are few members nf the
U.S. Senate who file as complete
and thorough reKirts on campaign
linances as Ervin. Most solons
take advantage of gaping loopholes
within the law to file totally mis
leading statements.
Under the Kcderal Corrupt Prac
tices Act of li2.i. candidates lor
Ihe Senate must lile wiihin 30
days after election a complete re
port on campaign receipts and ex
penditures. The law requires a candidate to
list all funds received by him or
any person "for him with his
knowledge and consent."
Senator Ervin. whose career of
public service began in lo:i.i,
when he first served as judge on
the Burke County Criminal Court,
is much loved, lie has served in
Congress, on the State Supreme
Court, and lor eight years in the
Senate.
Up for re-election last Kali. Sen
ator Ervin traveled extensively
throughout the state, shaking
hands and greeting people in
courthouse squares. He shur.ned
radio and TV, big billlvoards. and
direct mail aptcals.
His campaign expenditures
equaled his campaign receipts:
$1,241 0.1 In his rrxirt to the Sec
retary ol the Senate. Ervin li-lrd
every nickel svnt in his cam
paign ' typical entry ' Octolier
31. 42 cents. or meal al Sir Wal
ter Colfce Shop. Raleigh I
Few of Kevin's colleagues a!e
so frank Many Senators set tip
sjMvial committees to accept
campaign gills and m.ike cam
paign cxpondilinos They can then
swear they ict-civrd no contribu
tions and have no knowledge o
monies spent in tnrir behalf
Senator Ted Kennedy swore
that he received no funds and
Mr Goldwater has dumped in Ihe
laps of his fellow conservatives.
Unless he changes his mind, giv
ing his followers the green light
to round up delegates and raise
monev for his candidacy, the
ihe chances are that Governor
Rockefeller will win the I'M Re
publican nomination hy default.
es are not allowed In go any
higher than they are now, which
seldom if ever happens.
If the Kennedy tax cut and re
form program is approved by Con
gress and works as planned, it is
expected to generate $1.5 billion
nf new revenues for fiscal 14
through growth of the economy.
Tax receipts will also be in
creased by $1.1 billion by advanc
ing six months the schedule on
which business will make tax pay
ments on estimated current year
earnings.
This total increase in receipts
of $2.6 billion will bring the first
year's estimated individual income
lax receipt loss at $5.3 billion
down to a net loss of $2.7 billion.
Business also gets socked by a
proposed six-month delay in re
duction of the corporate income
tax rate from 52 to 47 per cent
until Jan. 1, 19154. And both busi
ness and the consumers suffer
from continuation of present ex
cise lax rates for a full year,
lo July I, !4.
Treasury projections estimate
that increased revenues won't off
set the tax cuts until fiscal 1966
or 11)67. By that time it is hoped
business will he slimulated enough
to get the unemployment rale
down lo four per cent, considered
a minimum.
The promised eronomies in gov
ernment are hard to find in the
over-all budget figures.
For the next fiscal year, re
duction in genera! government
expenses of $300 million are prom
ised. But expenses for defense,
space and fixed interest charges
rise hy $4.5 billion 15 times
greater than savings.
The promised reduclion in gov
ernment employes lo make up
for recent pay increases doesn't
show. Total employment of gov
ernment civilian workers is ex
pected to rise hy 36,000 during
the next fiscal year.
Defense will cut jobs by Ifi.ono.
hut Agriculture will hire 5.000
more. Commerce 3i00. Post Of
lice 3.000. Agency for Interna
tional Development promises to
reduce its personnel by 43
which will be something to see
and Tennessee Valley Authority
by 400.
The $100 million cut in foreign
aid programs to $3.75 billion is not
expected to be big enough to sat
isfy Congress. By . the time Con
gress gets through with this budg
et message, you may not recog.
nize it.
REPORT . .
made no expenditures. Massachu
setts law. however, requires fi
nancial statements of all political
committees. The Edward M. Ken
nedy Campaign Committee admit
ted spending M3K.tt.
Pennsylvania Senator Joe Clark
acknowledged heavy spending in
reports required by Pennsylvania
law. In his statement filed with
Ihe Secretary nf the Senate, how
ever. Clark said that he received
no gifts and spent no funds in
his campaign.
Idaho's Frank Church, listed
sVWTt in contributions received
'including $1 from one Guy Ohen
ch tin1, lie did not, for some rea
son, acknowledge contributions
from the Democratic Senatorial
Campaign Committee, the Inter
national Ladies Garment Union,
the Communication Workers of
America or the Amalgamated Po
litical Education Committee.
Senator Dan Inouye. Hawaiian
war hero, acknowledged contribu
tions of $:l'i.:i74 for his campaign.
He ilemicd only $i!.l"l of them,
however.
Oregon's Wayne Morse, the re
cipient of massive labor a i d,
seemed a little embarrassed by it
all. lie neglected to report gilts
from at least six labor organiza
tions including ihe United Steel
Workers i$5.000'. the Interna
tional Ladies Garment Workers
Union ' $2.000i and the Building
and Construction Trades Depart
ment i$l.0OO.
Freshman Smalor George Mc
C.nvrrn of South Dakota loported
no contributions and no expendi
tures. Connecticut's Abe liihicnff
reported contributions o! nnlv !",,.
7ul. far below that seut in his
campaign
Note Indiana's Birch Pavh. an
at t rat live Democrat who torpe
doed Republican Homer Capchart.
spent ail his funds through a
' Birch Ravh (or Senate Commit
tee "
Bavh. however, did not try In
hide his expenses His report to
Ihe Secretary nf the Senate ,n
eludes complete finam .ul records
ol the Bayh for Senate Commit
tee That report discloses that
Bavh s Committee rectivrd $131.
3.10 n.1 in conti ihutinns. and stir nt
$IS1.10 so. Bayh's group sheiled
out $'10,000 in one two-day period
of radio and TV advertising It
spent 5! cents In- a telegram on
one occasion and $1 72 ior a public
utilities bill on another.