its Level
Milk production in Oregon ip
1962 dropped to the lowest leve!
in 37 years, principally because of
t. the decline in the number of dairy
, farms and total number of milk
. . cows, reports Stephen C. Marks,
. , Oregon State University extension
I agricultural economist.
.; ' With December's milk produc
, tion still to be recorded, the
s milk output during the first 11
. months ot 19U2 stood at t hillinn in
million pounds, down 31 million
- from the same months in 1961,
- he noted. Total production for the
' year is sure to be less than 1.1 bil
lion pounds for the first time
since 1925.
In 1925, Oregon dairymen pro
Agriculture Given Blow
By Pesticides Volume
' Public rclationw ise. Rachel Car-
' son's book on pesticides has dealt
agriculture and pesticide applica-
' tors a blow which will linger on
lor me ne.i lew years.
The impact can only be over-
' come by factual, not narrow or
Diasca, miormation to tne puoiic
- information that admits dangers
and possibilities of damage but
accents the choice between pos
sible ettccts trom untrained use
and' what life would be without
benefit of pesticides.
These are some oi the com
ments J. F. Short, director, State
Department of Agriculture, made
to Oregon pesticide applicators
i in the closing talk before their
three-dav short course SDonsored
, uy me uupdi Mucin dim vieuii
State University Dec. 17-19.
. examples oi guou cuccis oi
pesticide usage can be as sen-
' he emphasized.
Manufacturers, he said, should
continue to develop maximum
aai(,j mill ciitiuitiitAi, anuuiu
, not soft-pedal the unavoidable and
"inherent dangers and everyone
' concerned should above all,
constantly empnasize me ncca ior
least slip now. he declared, will
Moles, Gopher Controls
Outlined In OSU Bulletin
Ways to control moles and go
phers, so-called "mobile weeds"
that cause major economic dam-
age to pastures and hayficlds in
several areas of Oregon, are out-
lined in a new Oregon State Uni
" vcrsity Extension bulletin now
' available from county extension
offices.
'' Written by William Q. Wick.
Tillamook County extension agent,
and Andrew S. Landforce, OSU
extension wildlife management
specialist, the new bulletin in
cludes pictures showing the dif
ferences between moles and go
phers and illustrating various con
trol methods.
The bulletin also outlines habits
and life cycle of the mole. Much
of this information has been
learned since the spring of 1960
when a research project was ini
tialed in Tillamook County by the
OSU Agricultural Experiment Sta
tion. Wick cooperates in the proj
ect. Successful control, the authors
Agency Reporting Service
Tells Of Farm Production
By GAYI.ORD P. GODWIN
L'nittd Press International
WASHINGTON lUPD-The Ag
riculture Department's Statistical
Iteiiorting Service 'SRSi neither
produces nor delivers food, yet
conspicuous end products of its
work in 1962 were grocery shelves
loaded with things to eat.
The statisticians provided the
"numbers of agriculture" which
served as guideposts for farmers,
the food industry, and for agricul
ture's policy makers.
The numbers appeared in about
700 statistical reports compiled
and released during the year by
the national office of SRS in
Washington, and echoed in some
9.000 reports by stale agricultural
statisticians. These reports weie
compiled from data provided by
about T00.000 farmers and busi
, nessmcn. volunteer reporters
whose only compensation was
copies of the reports lor which
thev supplied information
On the basis of monthly ques
tionnaires from farmers and other
data. SRS reported that total pro
duction of U.S. farms in 1962 hit
an all-time hi?h; (hat new high
marks were set for combined pro
duction of livestock, poultry, milk
and e:. and for average yield
per acre, and that total harvest
of ail crops equalled the record
established in I960.
Good News From Firms
From information provided each
month by merchants. SRS an
nounced that prices paid by farm
ers started 1962 at an aii-time
h.gh level and crept still higher
dm in? the year, to 107 per cent
of the 1910-14 base in Nove.Tii.'er
Production In State
Of 37-Year Low
duced 1 billion 47 million pounds
of milk. Production went up stead
ily until 1942 when it peaked at
nearly 1.5 billion pounds. Since
then, the trend has been down
ward in all but five of the last
20 years, the economist pointed
out.
The total number of milk cows
on Oregon farms dropped from a
peak of 262.000 in 1934 to 157,000
in 1961 and a further decline oc
curred in 1962. At the same time
average milk production per cow
increased 1,740 pounds to a rec
ord high of 7,140 pounds in 1961
Oregon production of American
cheese and creamery butter has
also declined. Marks said. Cheese
be sensationalized even though
caused ny carelessness By one
individual.
Short suggested schools for care
ful training and education of the
farmer, so he may protect his
workman, animals and crops
training as careful as commer
cial applicators undergo.
Short predicted the current pub
lic uneasiness will result in ten
dency of lawmakers, on both the
state and federal level, to impose
tighter and tighter restrictions on
the industry unless those who are
closest to use of the products
keep the public away from the
panic button.
He further predicted the 1963
Oregon legislature will restudy
the entire field of herbicide
ichemical weed killers) control
and urged a crash program lor
research on drift damage.
He expressed hope that the leg
islature will give adequate finan
cial support to Oregon State Uni
versity for continued effective re
search in the field of livestock,
plant pest and disease control,
weed control, range improvement
and soil sterilization.
Most of these problems involve
in one way or another the agri
cultural sprays and dusts.
note, is possible with a knowledge
of the animal's habits, coupled
with proper use of poison baits.
traps and, above all, persistence
on the partv of the hunter.
In mole control, a community
effort is one of the keys to suc
cess because moles move easily
from field to field. Unless more
than 50 per cent of the population
is taken, no residual control is ef
fected, they warn.
For mole control on large acre
ages, the authors recommend that
adjoining property owners agree
on a control program: harrow or
knock down all molehills and then
bait new hole workings two days
later; repeat the harrowing-bait
ing cycle for three times; begin
trapping operations one week af
er the last baiting, and keep it
up until the last mole is caught.
An outline on control of pocket
gophers through trapping and the
use of poisonous baits is also in
cluded in the bulletin.
Prices re-reived by farmers fluc
tuated between 239 and 250 per
cent of the base period. The
parity ratio, which represents the
buying power of farm products,
was between 78 and M per cent
of parity during the year.
SRS said the figure of 143 mil
lion tons of corn and other feed
grains which farmers produced in
1962 can be translated into 160
pounds of red meat, 30 pounds of
chicken. 7 pounds of turkey, 27
dozen eggs, and 640 pounds of
milk for each man, woman, and
child in the United States.
Dairy farmers reported that
their cows produced milk at the
highest rate in history. Milk bot
tlers, and makers of butter,
cheese, ire cream, and olhcr
dairy products reported on how
the milk was used.
From wheat growers. SRS
learned that wheat production of
slightly more than I billion bush
els was less than the amount that
prohahlv will be used at home
and abroad
Monthly reports from cold stor
age plants informed SRS that sup
plies of frozen foods during 12
were at the highest levels ol al
time, and that stocks of perish
able foods stored at temperatures
around 32 degree have been
ample.
New Services
New services besun by SRS in
1962 included data on durum
wheat, estimates of sugar cane
production in Hawaii, and report
on seven oerry crops in Oregon
arjl Washincton.
When the Bureau of Labor Sla
t'stics wanted information on pur-
output seems headed for a 25-year
low and, it creameries don t pro
duce more than the 11.9 million
pounds of butter made in 1959,
the 1962 tonnage will be the small
est since 1909.
Changes in the national picture
have also taken place with the
U.S. dairy herd reaching a rec
ord low, but with milk produc
tion reaching a record high as
production per cow increases, ac
cording to U.S. Department of
Agriculture estimates.
Huge quantities of manufactured
dairy products have been pur
chased by the USDA's Commodity
Credit Corporation, Marks noted
Beginning in April, CCC had pur
chased in excess of 1 billion
pounds of non-fat dry milk
through Dec. 5. In the same pe
riod, it bought nearly 218 million
pounds of butter and some 136 mil
lion pounds of cheese Much of
these products have already been
disposed of by sales, transfers iud
donations, but government inven
tories still are much heavier than
a year earlier, he pointed out.
Club Collects
Soil Samples
Thirty-one different soil samples
taken by the Henley 4-H Beef
Club in the Henley and Langell
Valley communities were shipped
to the State Soil Testing Lab last
week.
The club is still taking samples.
The soil sampling project is an
additional activity of club mem
bers who are also busily engaged
in livestock projects.
Soil sampling was adopted as
an educational and money mak-
tive's Lee McFarland and John
Reitmeier have sponsored ,hc
soil sampling project by providing!,,
per sample cash payment and!
by discussing soil sampling and
soil fertility with club members.
The r un hpnehts also from I
lab testing fee discount for sub
mitting soil samples in volume
during the slack season at the
soil testing laboratory.
State Names
Salem Man
Tom Harrison, Salem, has been
named supervisor of the agricul
tural chemical applicator control
program in the stale department
of agriculture. He succeeds J. J
Rozar who resigned recently.
Harrison is already on the job.
coming to it direct from range
survey work (or the Bureau of
Land Management in Lake and
Malheur counties.
Born and reared in the Salem
area, he spent three years in the
Air P'orce and then majored in
farm crops at Oregon State Uni
versity, from which he was gradu
ated in 1953. He spent the next
eight years supervising various
phases of inmate farm work lor
Oregon State Penitentiary and last
spring returned to OSU for further
studies.
For the department, he will be
responsible for the examination
and licensing of between 350 and
400 ground and air agricultural
crop sprayer, as well as field
work and investigation under the
pestiride control program.
chases hy rural families,
items thev bought, how
what
much
they spent. SRS interviewed 4.200
scientifically selected families on
farms and in small towns across
the nation.
The citrus industry wanted to
attract new customers overseas
So, the SRS supervised a study-
in West Germany to learn how-
sweet and how tart the people
there think orange juice
should be.
The Defense Department want
ed to know how much food, and
what kind, is stored in family-
cupboards and pantries. SRS rang
doorbells of thousands 'of homes
and got the information vital to
defense planning.
In addition to counting livestock
measuring crops, estimating
yields, operating electric com
puters for all agencies of the Ag
riculture Department. SRS found
time during 1962 to produce a mo
tion picture, called ' Alice in
Numberland." The lilm explains
how agricultural statistics serve
consumers.
PIONEER DIES
SAN MARINO. Calif. 'CPU -Alfred
Walker. 82. pioneer south
ern California land developer and
city planner, died Monday.
INSIST ON
GOLD BELL BRAND
KLAMATH POTATOES
Your Fevoritt Grocer's
t: ' :. .; - 1 is X -A
M v :..k m t-Pfl yJk
PARTICIPATE IN PROJECT The Henley 4-H Beef Club has a soil sampling proj
ect. Left to right, standing, Alvin Cheyne, club leader; David Cheyne, Mike Negrev
ski. Seated, same order, Steve Cheyne, president; Nancy Negrevski and Greg Cheyne,
sergeant-at-rms. County Agent Photo
HERALD AND NEWS, Klamath
On Farm Front:
Farm Workers Declining
WASHINGTON (UPP- An av
erage of 6.910.000 persons worked
on farms during each of the first
11 months of 1962, according to
Agriculture Department s sta-
repo",ng service.
15 a""u:,l " Ll 11
j .
e,! T " .'J ,
Parab c Pm,od ot J961' 1he m,m:
3
about 4 per cent and hired work
ers decreased 3 per cent.
Compared with averages for the
five preceding years 1956-60
Ihe total number of workers in
1962 was down 10 per cent. Fam
ily workers w ere down 12 per cent
and hired hands down 5 per cent.
The rapid decrease in the num
ber of smaller farms during re
cent years has reduced the num
ber of farm family workers more
than hired workers. This has oc
curred despite the continued ad
vance toward perfection of ma
chines for replacing hired labor
in a long array of tasks.
OSU Landscape Designer
Has Advice
Home gardens and yards should
be designed for the families who
live in the houses and not as
show-places for passers-by nor as
museum pieces based on what
was good 50 or 150 years ago.
Richard Blakeley, Oregon Stale
University landscape .designer.r
believes Oregonians can make
better use of contemporary ideas.
plants and man-made materials
in planning their gardens.
He says past cultures don't pro
vide a workable pattern for land
scaping today's homes. The Eng
lish forma garden required a lot
of care and looks out of place in
Oregon, yet many new homeown
ers follow the English. They plant
large expanses of lawn, formal
flower beds, and hedges, put
shrubs at corners of the house, on
each side of the front door, or on
two sides of the walk, and ring
Ihe foundation with more shrubs.
me'.' of which outgrow their use
ful size.
Blakelev agrees that we can
steal some ideas from other cul
tures hut does not recommend
copying another's design. The
Japanese garden was meant to
be looked at but not to be used.
he notes. Yet some things; found
Japanese gardens, lights.
sculpture, water, rocks, gravel.
sand and many plants, bamboo
and nandina. are useful.
Considerations in designing the
garden are given by Blakeley.
1. Fit outdoor areas to needs ot
family members. Plan an area
for children's play that fits their
needs. What looks good to an
adult isn't always useful to a
child. Pre-schoolers love to climb
behind, inlo. and over things
Avoid plants with thorns, poison
ous berrircs, and those that at
tract bees.
2. Plan outdoor areas in" rela
tion to interior of the house The
patio or eating area should be
somewhere near the kitchen. Pi
vide outdoor area into imaginary
rooms some will be used for
eating and conversation, others
for play, others to vie.
For conversation areas, use
canopy type trees to contain the
space and provide some shade.
A silk tree, amur cork tree, tea
crab, reflbud, shirofugan cherry
and yellow wood are possibilities
Peopla Read
SPOT ADS
you art row.
Falls, Ore.
Tuesday,
In the farm labor survey week
of Nov. 13-24 there were 6.033.000
persors working on farms. This
was i per cent lower than in the
corresponding week of 1961 which
was the former low mark in total
farm workers for November. Both
family and hired workers showed
the same relative decrease in
numbers of about 4 per cent from
last year.
Family workers in November
totaled 4.648.000 and hired hands
totaled 1.385.O0O, in terms of num
bers, family workers made up
about 77 per cent of the entire
working force, which is about us-
sual for the month. Hired workers
this year, as usual made up the
largest part of the total in sum
mer months, reaching more than
one-third in July.
The Dec. 1 outlook for winter
wheat grazing in the central and
southern plains is bright, accord
ing to the Crop Reporting Board
Winter wheat growth was rated
On Gardens
Check with county agent or nur
seryman for those hardy in East
ern Oregon.
3. Consider maintenance. Large
expanses of lawn generally re
quire more regular care than
areas of gravel, ground cover or
concrete. However, ground covers
and gravel areas are not alto
gether maintenance free.
Blakeley recommends that new
homeowners plant grass immed
iately to provide a quick ground
cover, solve winter mud problem.
and give time to plan yard design.
Beware of package deals on
shrubs. They probaoly won't fill
your needs, says Blakeley.
4. If planning a patio, make a
dry run of activities you'll want
to carry out on it. This will give
vou a more accurate idea of the
size you'll need.
S. Plan for circulation from enc
area to another. Know how much
space a tricycle requires along a
path, where benches might be
placed for rest or to view.
6 Keep things simple. A few
basic plants, materials, and geo
metric forms repealed throughout
the yard, are easier to work with
and look better in the end than a
confused mixture, says Blakeley.
7. Keep plantings in scale with
the house. A low - style ranch
house usually looks best with
trees that don't grow over 50 feet
Be selective in choice of plants
For example, don't plant a silk
tree near a drive. The blossoms
are acidic and may take paint off
cars, Apple, cherry, black walnut
and birch trees arc not good
street trees. Dropping fruit or ap
hid drip is messy.
Certain trees may not be de
sirable near a patio unless it's
easily cleaned. Madrona and wil
low drop things most of tl.c year
Elms and birch trees attract ap-
hids and arc not recommended
for use where people will be walk
ing or eating underneath them
Ford Trucks
Last Longer
FARM
S your Prm
Truck Htdqrtri
BALSIGER
WOTOR CO.
Mem It, fh. TU 4-1131
January 1, 1963 FAGE 5
as good in most wheat pasture
areas on Dec. 1. More than two-
thirds of the fall seeded wheat
acreage in western Kansas, west
ern Oklahoma, and the Texas
panhandle had sufficient growth
by Dec. 1 to permit grazing. Last
year about three-fifths of the ac
reage in these areas had sufficient
growth to pasture.
Continued gooa pasturing of
wheat acreage is expected
throughout the winter if favorable
weather is maintained in the cen
tral and southern plains.
Government reports show that
private industry provides about 58
per cent of the funds used in re
search in food and agriculture
States provide about 20 per cent
of the research funds in food and
agriculture, and the federal gov.
crnment 22 per cent. Of the gov-
crmcnt's share, the Agriculture
Department provides about 80 per
cent with such agencies as Health
Education and Welfare, Defense,
and the Atomic Energy Commis
sion providing the remaining 20
per cent.
Winter vegetable production is
expected to be 4 per cent more
than last year and 3 per cent
above average.
The principal winter vegetables
include arthichokes. broccoli, cab-.
bage, carrots, celery,, cscarole,
lettuce, and spinach. Principal
producing stales for winter vege
tables are California, Texas, Ari
zona, Louisiana and norma.
Applicator
Exams Set
All custom applicators are re
quired by law to pass new ex
aminations for 1963 licenses.
For convenience, the Depart
ment of Agriculture is allowing
he examination to be taken in
the county agent's office, second
floor of the post office building.
Examinations arc also given in
Salem at specilicd times.
Application blanks and exami
nation forms are in Room 213,
Federal Building.
All chemical applicators, wheth
er ground or air, are required
to pass the new examination be
fore any chemical work is done
during 1963.
4-H News
HAPPY SNAPPERS
The first, meeting came to or
der on Oct. 5. Wo discussed offi
cers to be elected. The following
were elected: Fred Schneydcr,
president; Linda Richardson.
vice president; Steve Holfmesis
tcr. news reporter.
The next meeting was held on
Nov. 2. At this meeting we dis
cussed two names for the club.
Scenery Grabbers and The Hap
py Snappers.
At the next meeting held on
Dec. 7 we decided upon Happy
Snappers as the name of the
lub.
That was abnit it
Steve Hdflmcistcr,
News Reporter
FARM
LIABILITY
AND
FIRE
INSURANCE
Get Our Low Rattf
SOUTHERN OREGON
INS. AGENCY
m So. th TU 1-471
Dr. Carpenter To Address
Combined Sheep, Pool Meet
By HAY O. PETERSEN
County Extrusion Agent
Dr. G. Alvin Carpenter, exten
sion economist, University ot
California, will address the joint
annual meeting of tne Klamath
Wool and Lamb Pools and the
Klamath Basin Sheep Produc
ers Association on Wednesday,
Jan. 9. at the fairgrounds in
Klamath Falls, according to the
Klamath County Extension Serv
ice and Ken Baghott, county farm
t.dviser at Tulelake, who made
the arrangements for Dr. Car
penter's attendance at the meet
ing. During the summer of 1962, at
the request of the United States
Foreign Agricultural Service, Dr.
Carpenter participated as a mem
ber of a team of six economists
in a first hand study of the Com
mon Market in the six countries
of Europe.
During this study personal con
tacts and discussions were held
ith the agricultural ministries of
the six countries and Great Brit
ain and Denmark, plus the head
Caffie Rustling Case
Closed By Jail Term
One of the largest cattle rustling
cases in the 31-year annals ot
the State Department of Agricul
ture livestock theft investigations
was closed Dec. 20 when Melville
Derrick Kcllcy, Prairie City, en
tered the state penitentiary.
The day before, he pleaded guil
ty to two counts of livestock lar
ceny and was sentenced by Cir
cuit Judge Edward H. Howell,
Canyon City to two eight - year
concurrent terms in prison.
Kcllcy, 39, admitted stealing 213
head of cattle from three neigh
boring ranches since Aug. 1, 1961.
Strangely enough, none of the
owners had reported the animals
missing, as far as department
records show,
The first tip-off on the rustling
came in mid-November when an
SDA brand inspector working al
a slaughter plant grew suspicious
of an unusually wide block A
brand on an animal. A diagonal
mark al the right didnt seem
to belong to the brand.
Close cupping of the animal
much as a barber "shaves
head, revealed another brand un
der the block "A
From that time on SDA L I v e-
stock Ofliccrj Claude Shaw. On
lario, and Guy Woodvvorth. Beav-
erton, Sherilts Robert Ingram oi
Malheur County and Ray Bris
hois of Grant County worked al
most day and night until the in
vestigation was comple'ca. Am
ine them were serveral depart
mcnt brand Inspectors (Frank
Baltzor, Jordan Valley: Darren
llodccs. Burns; George Gibbs,
John Day;, and Claude Sollcrs,
Idaho livestock officer.
Animals were stolen from the
Garland Meador, Tom Velvin and
Ox Bow ranches. Kcllcy did an
excellent job of covering the Ox
How brand and the plain m
brand on Vclvin's cattle. But when
he reached lo the Meador "M"
brand with the slash diagonally
out Irom the upper right side of
Ihe letter he trapped himsclt.
Livestock officers and brand in
pectors will follow all leads in
an effort lo return every availanic
unimal slolen to the nghttul own-
Tree Stumps
Plague Area
Not since pioneer land-clearing
days have so many Oregonians
laced the task oi ridding tneir
i.n4 .r it., iiiimni hitter re
minders of the Columbus UaytagQgJy Jq TfiSt
ntnfTTl 1
Unfortunately, there appears to
be no quick, easy method of re
moving stumps from home lawns,
reports C. R. Ross, Oregon State
University forestry specialist.
Blasting or bulldozing methods
suitable for large open areas arc
often not possible in more dense
ly populated areas.
Ross says a recent development
is a portable, mechanical stump
chipping machine that chews up
the stump ,od spits .it out in a
pile of chips. This and other meth
ods of stump removal such as
digging, burning, or rolling arc
discussed by the specialist in a
leaflet just published by OSU.
Oregon residents may obtain
free copies of the leaflet, "Sugges
tions for Stump Removal," from
local county extension agents or
from the OSU Bulletin Clerk, Cor-
valhs. .
REMEMBER!
when it comes to a
truck, tee Bob or
Juck Trucks
ore their business!
JUCKELAND
MOTORS, Ine.
Yur lnfmtlenl DtoUr
11th & Klam. Fh. 2-2581
j " -" .
administrators o' the Common
Market Agricultural Program in
Brussels, Belgium. Contacts were
also made with a number of im
porters, trade people, and busi
ness leaders of each of these
European countries to gain first
hand information concerning de
velopments there and their pos
sible impacts on the United
States.
Dr. Carpenter has worked close
ly with the sheep industry in Cali
fornia for many years and is one
of the best authorities on the
problems of the sheep industry
and what the future might hold
for sheep producers.
All sheep producers in the
Klamath Basin are invited to at
tend this meeting. Following Dr.
Carpenter's discussion, there will
be an election of directors of each
of the three sheep producers or
ganizations and wool pool mem
bers will have an opportunity to
sign wool marketing agreements
for 1963. Any farm sheep pro
ducers, whether they have been
pool members in the past, will
ers, says Roy Nelson depart-
nent livestock division chief.
State police arrested Kcllcy as
he was returning home from Can
ada. Peace Corps
Now Open
To 4-H'ers
Four-H Club members, 18 years
of age or older, and 4-H alumni
can apply now for voluntary serv
ice in the special 4-H Peace
Corps Project conducted by the
National 4-H Club Foundation in
collaboration with the Coopera
tive Extension Service, reports
Beverly Bower, Klamath County
4-H extension agent.
Applications are available on
the second floor of the Post Office1
Building from the extension serv
ice. Written examinations for i-
plicants arc scheduled quarterly
the next test will be held Jan. 26
in the city post office.
During tne ursi year ot tne
Peace Corps, the National 4-
Foundation was under contract
administer the Peace Corps Vol
unteers developing rural youth
4-H programs in Brazil and Vene
zuela. Additional areas of specia.
ized 4-H service may be added
in the near future.
Selected candidates will be In
vited to receive two months of
training at the National 4-H Club
Center in Washington, D.C., al
expenses paid. From these tain
ccs, volunteers will ne selected
for further training and assign
ment to Ihe 4-H Peace Corps
project.
Those trainees not selected
ould return home with no further
obligations, but would be classi
fied rs "Standby Reserves" in
case they are needed for this or
other Peace Corps projects. Train-;
ccs not selected as volunteers will
receive transportation home and a
readjustment allowance of J75 per
month at the close of their train-
g, plus tlie benefit of an in
tensive foreign language and to-
ial studies training program.
The 4-H Peace Corps project
provides an opportunity to share
the concept and skills of the 4-H
program with peoples of newly
developing countries.
Certifying Lab
The certification lab at Oregon
State University reports that it
should be ready to begin green
house testing of commercial sam
ples of potatoes around the middle
of January. Those growers wish.
Ina samples tested should contact
the County Extension Office In
Klamath Falls regarding the test
fee.
Samples should be representa
tive, of the entire lot with indi
vidual tubers of about 4-ouncc
size. The test pluiling Is based
on 400 tubers so It Is to the grow
er's advantage to include a full
sample from each lot to be test
ed. Thomas Francis Bayard was
first U.S. ambassador, being ap
pointed by President G r o v e r
Cleveland as ambassador to Great
Britain.
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New at Mrrlll-LokYl.w Jet. Nt la John Dttre
be given an opportunity to enter
into the wool marketing agree
ment.
DR. G. ALVIN CARPENTER
Farm Furrow
Charles E. Shuman, president
of the American Farm Bureau
Federation, told convention dele
gates in Atlanta, Ga., this month
that any federal tax cut must
be accompanied by a reduction in
government spending.
Said Shuman, It is entirely fea
sible to reduce government spend
ing by several billion dollars and
to apply these savings immedi-
tely to a reduction in taxes.
"Any other course would be tho
rankest kind of fiscal irresponsi
bility," he said.
The' AFBF president added.
"Increased government spending
is Intensifying the cost - prico
squeeze on farmers. All govern
ment expenditures must eventual
ly be paid for. cither in taxes or
inflation, and both go into making
of prices of things farmers pur
chase for their production needs.
In the long run, most taxes get
paid by .consumers of goods and
services and farmers are the big
gest consumers, on a per capita
basis, of goods and services."
Foreign Aid Cut
Shuman also asserted Congress
should Immediately investigate
our foreign aid program, com
pletely overhaul their administra
tion and direct that increased em
phasis be placed on technical as
sistance.
He said It should be possible to
obtain far better results with a
cut In expenditures of at least $1
billion.
Common Market Role
The leader of the nation's larg
est farm organization said it is
time we follow a tough trading
policy with the Common Market
group. By (his he suggested we
should cut tariff only In return for
reductions by the Common Mar
ket, and the United States
should make no additional con
cessions to the Common Market
countries if they insist on using
variable fees or other non-tariff
restrictions contrary to our trade
agreements.
Spending Programs
Hitting at federal concentration
of power, Shuman said that infi3
should be the year to halt the
trend toward all-powerful central
government. He said, "Apparently
demand for massive public
spending programs is a result of
complacency or the Illusion that
someone else will pay the taxes.
Is high time the citizens of the
United States realize that as they
transfer the authority to spend
money of the federal government.
they are transferring an equiva
lent amount of power to the cen
tral government."
Steps to Farm Prosperity
Shuman listed five steps he said
were fundamental to providing
proper national economic climato
for a prosperous agriculture:
Regain fiscal sanity in our
national government.
Reduce government interven
tion in all segments of our ec
onomy.
Eliminate all monopolies and
price-fixing powers in govern
ment, business and labor.
Expand markets for farm
products both at home and
abroad.
Use farmers' organized bar
gaining power to make the mar
ket price system function better.
Beach Named
Harold Beach, Oregon Farm Bu
reau federation president from
Hermiston, has been appointed to
the Oregon-Hokkaido Rural Coop
eration society as a director repre
senting the Oregon Farm Bureau.
The appointment by Governor
Hatfield was made to name a
successor to past president Wiley
Clowers. who died in otlice. The
society tiaa cooperative effort to
promote "trade in agricultural pro
ducts between the two countries.