Meaday, Jaatury It. IM1
Down to the Sea in Negligence
I0SON IN WASHINGTON
Economic Experts
n Disagreement
m
HERALD AND NEWS, Klamath Falls. Oregon
hPi
President-elect Kennedy could make dip
lomatic history if he succeeded in persuading
th neutral nations to adhere to their pro
claimed neutrality.
The "uncommitted" countries of Europe,
Asia and Africa already hold the balance of
power in the United Nations. It is inevitable
that in time they should also wield greater in
fluence In other international councils. It is
thus increasingly vital for American foreign
policy to determine who is in truth "uncom
mitted" in the cold war and when a nation
ceases to be "neutral."
' Yugoslavia is a case in point. President
Tito is an avowed Communist. But ever since
Yugoslavia was expelled from the Soviet bloc
in 1948 he has been posing as a model neutral
ist and opponent of all blocs.
Like President Nasser of the United Arab
Republic, another "neutralist," Marshal Tito
even claims leadership of a "third force" of
uncommitted nations. Yet despite his neutral
ism he never has said a. friendly word about
the United States although, since 1948, Yugo
slavia has received close to a billion dollars
in American aid. , ;
. . Also, like Nasser, Tito never passes up a
chance to attack the "imperialist" West, espe
cially the U.S., while paying homage to Rus
sia. On every major international issue Laos,
the Congo, Cuba and disarmament Yugoslav
ia's representatives in the U.N.. consistently
have opposed American policy and backed
Moscow. '
Belgrade's regimented newspapers have
been extremely critical in recent weeks of the
United States for backing the anti-Communist
forces in Laos. But not once did they mention
the fact that the Soviet Union has been air
dropping arms to the Communist troops of,
Capt. Kong Le. , ,
'-. . There was indeed irony in Tito's latest
anti-Western outburst At a special session
of the Yngoslav parliament he attributed the
present "aggravation" of the international at
mosphere exclusively to "war-mongers in the
West." Yet less than 24 hours later he in
formed the same parliament that several
Western nations have pledged credits totaling
$275 million to aid Yugoslavia's economy. The
U.S. share alone totals $100 million.
i ' -
Here is where the irony comes in. While
announcing Western aid Tito also had to de
No one remembers Ambrose
Bierce except Clifton Fadlman
and ma. Bierce was a cynic and
a writer, in that order. He wrote
many things in the yean el his
1 life (1842-1914). but his Devil's
Dictionary is the beat known el
them all. It ii included In a new
book of the Collected Writings el
Ambrose Bierce (Citadel Press)
and Fadlman edited the material.
When it came to Judging human
beingf , Bierce was fierce. His def
initions, all left-handed and mean,
can bring tears of laughter to ,
my eyes no matter how many
times I read them. Here then are
some, and those that do not fit .
. in this column will be used in
the next one.
ABASEMENT. A decent mental
attitude In the pretence of ,
wealth and power. ABORIGINES.
Persona of little worth encumber
ing the toil of a newly discov
ered country. They soon cease to
cumber. They fertilize. ABRUPT.
Sudden, without ceremony, like
the arrival of a cannon shot and
the departure of the soldier
whose interests are affected by
ft. .
ABSOLUTE. An absolute mon
archy is one in which the sov
ereign does as he pleases as long
aa ha pleases the assassins. AB
STAINER. A weak parson who
yields to the temptation of deny
st himself a pleasure. ABSURDI
TY. A statement or belief incon
sistent wKa one's own opinion.
ACBCVSaCNT. The death of
wJesrwr mi the birth of disgust.
ACC7AZ.TAM3C. A person we
taow w3 mm& at barrow from,
bat art wefl enocjl lend to.
ADAMANT. A mineral frequently
bund bomwZb a caraet. Soiurile la
nUeJtate of gold. ADHERENT. A
et2owvr who Ium not yvt obtained
9 that a hopes to got AGE.
flat pried f Uk le which we
Put "Neutrals' On
JIM, BISHOP: REPORTER,...'
Ambrose Bierce Wrote
'Dictionary' With Acid
compound some vices while revil
ing those that we no longer have
the enterprise to commit. -
AIR. A nutritious substance for
the fattening of the poor. ALLI
ANCE. The union of two nations
who have their hands so deeply
in each other's pockets that they
cannot separately plunder a third.
ALONE. In bad company. APOL
OGIZE. To lay the foundation for
a future offense. APPEAL. In law,
to put the dice into the cup for
another throw. AUCTIONEER. A
man who proclaims with a ham
mer that he has picked your
pocket with his tongue. BACK.
That part of your friend which
It is your privilege to contemplate
in your adversity.
BEAUTY. The power by which
a woman charms a lover and
terrifies a husband. BEFRIEND.
To spawn an ingrate. BIGOT. One
who is obstinately attached to an
opinion you do not entertain.
BIRTH. The first and worst of all
disasters. BORE. One who talks
when you wish him to listen.
BRAIN. An apparatus with which
we think that we think. BRIDE.
A young lady with a fine pros
pect of happiness behind her.
, CABBAGE. A kitchen vegetable
about as large and wise as a
man's head. CALLOUS. Gifted
with fortitude to bear the evils
afflicting another. CHILDHOOD.
The period of human life inter
mediate between the Idiocy of in
fancy and the folly of youth two
removes from the sin of man
hood and three from the remorse
of age. COMFORT. A state
of mind produced by contempla
tion of a neighbor's hard luck.
COMMERCE. A transaction in
which A plunders from B the
goods of C, and for compensa
tion B picks the pocket of D of
money belonging to E. CONGRAT
ULATIONS. The civility of envy.
CONSERVATIVE. A statesman
Spot
fend himself against the charge by the recent
Moscow conclave of top Reds that he is a "re
visionist" guilty of a "variety of international
opportunism." .
Soviet Premier Khrushchev and Foreign
Minister Andrei Gromyko were, of course,
parties to the anti-Tito charge. However, this
did not prevent the marshal from avowing
that Yugoslavia and Russia have "identical
views on the most important issues of the
day."
Since according to the Marxist-Leninist
creed everything a Communist says means
the contrary of what he claims to mean, there
is more behind Tito's pro-Soviet tactics than
appears on the, surface.
The marshal is obviously not convinced
that Russia and Red China have buried the
axe for good and that there will now be "unity
in the socialist camp." By praising Soviet
policy while condemning China's, Tito clear
ly hopes to play off Khrushchev against his
bitter enemy Mao Tse-tung.
The Russians also want to keep open their
line of communication with Yugoslavia in the
apparent belief that one day they may need
the "revisionist" Tito to help counter-balance
the "dogmatist" Mao.
This explains why Gromyko, in his speech
to the Supreme Soviet, went out of his way to
praise Tito as a "far-sighted socialist states
man" less than a month after he denounced
him as a traitor.
But do Tito's maneuvers in the Red bloe
make him a neutralist?
. For the present it may serve American
policy to aid Yugoslavia financially. 'But we
must never lose sight of the fact that the Yugo
slav leaders are Communists not neutralists.
Today they believe in the right of a Com
munist country to work out its destiny inde
pendently of Moscow while adhering to the
basic teaching of Lenin. But what would hap
pen should Tito disappear from the Yugoslav
scene? , !
' Many of the men around him are old-line
Communists who spiritually belong to the
East and want to make peace with Moscow.
Yugoslavia's return to the Soviet fold would
help seal the doom of all the captive nations
in Eastern Europe who are now reluctant .
satellites of Russia.
who Is enamored of existing evils,
as distinguished from the liberal,
who wishes to replace them with
others. AMBASSADOR. A person
who. having failed to secure an
office from the people, is given
one by the administration on con
dition that he leave the country.
CONTEMPT. The feeling of a
prudent man for an enemy who
is too formidable to be opposed.
COWARD, One who, iff an emer
gency, thinks with his legs. CURI
OSITY. An objectionable quality
of the female mind. DAWN. The
time when men of reason go to
bed. DEBAUCHEE. One who has
so earnestly pursued a pleasure
that he has had the misfortune
.to overtake it."
DEPUTY.; The male relative of
an office holder. DIE. The singu
lar of dice. DISTANCE. The only
thing which the rich are willing
for the poor to call their own,
and keep. DRAGOON. A soldier
who makes his advance on foot
and his retreat on horseback.
EAVESDROP. Secretly to hear a
catalogue of your own vices.
EGOTIST. A person of low
taste, more Interested in himself
than in me. ENVELOPE. Tha
night gown of a love letter. FA
MOUS. Conspicuously miserable.
FIB. A lie that has not cut IL
teeth. FIDDLE. An instrument to
Uckle human ears by drawing a
hone's tail across the entrails
of a cat. FIDELITY. A virtue -peculiar
to those about to be be
trayed. Mr. Bierce, untamed and. un
changed, went to Mexico in 1913
to write about the Pancho Villa
revolution. He was last heard
from in 1914. It is possible that
Pancho Villa, who had a short
fuse, did not properly appreciate
the acid on Bierce's tongue.
(The first of two parts on The
Devil's Dictionary).
Hi
Venezuela's Opposition To
Castroism Encourages Hope
. By WILLIAM L. RYAN
Associated Press News Analyst
, CARACAS. Venezuela (AP) -Venezuela
today is going through
a test pf profound importance to
the United States and Latin
America.
While the rest of the continent -watches,
President Romulo Betan-
. court and his supporters are cast
ing aside their fear of Castroism
and its potential for mischief in
alliance with communism. 'j.
, The president's forces appear
to be confusing and outwitting the
Communist-Castroist combine.
They now have a good chance
'of inflicting a decisive defeat on
the extremist alliance and of mak
ing it stick.
If they do this, they will have
' damaged Communist attempts to
use Castroism for a heavy cold
war offensive throughout Latin
"America. Venezuela's example
can give courage to other conti
nental governments fearful of Cas
tro's hold on the imaginations of
violently impatient young men.
The Communists might even-'
tually resort to tactics of despera
tion and this could mean more
trouble for Venezuela.
- But for the moment, the Com
munists and their Castroist allies .'
are quiet. They suffered defeat in
their early December attempt to
topple the Betancourt government
with a general strike. Betan
court's party, the Accion Demo
cratica, supported by Social Chris
tians of the Co pel party, showed
how tough it could be.
The Communist-Castroist com
bine knows it Was beaten, and the
Communists have shifted to the
soft line. Obviously they are try
ing to disassociate themselves
from the stigma of defeat, evon
THE DOCTOR
mm
y Prevent
ItC J
In Child
mm
By HAROLD T. HYMAN, M.D.
Written Mr . '' ( ' .
Newspaper. Enterprise Assa. '
Few of us reach years of dis
cretion without suffering the aches
and pains of foot and back trou
bles caused by faulty body me-,
chanics and even faultier shoeing.
Since our difficulties are due.
for the most part, to errors that
date back to infancy and child
hood, we are obligated Jo pro-'
tect the rising generation from
repeating our mistakes.
Here are some suggestions that
may prevent your youngsters from
' later developing foot miseries ami
back strains:
Don't urge the infant to stand
or walk until he indicates pre
paredness for weight bearing.
Never mind what the books say
about when he ought to make the .
effort. His instincts are bcttet
guides.
, Don't start him in on a me
chanical walker. The straddling
position fwces him to walk incor
rectly on the inner part of the
font.
Despite the ideas of faddists.
It is not a good idea to encour
age barefoot walking, especially
if you have a house pet. Your
floors and floor coverings are
bound to be contaminated.
When you shop for stockings,
buy them 4-Inch longer than the
longest toe, in the standing posi-
N
to blaming all the violence on
their allies in the Movimiento de .
Izquierda Revolucionario, made
up of young hotheads who admire
Cuba's Fidel Castro. . . -. .
Betancourt's government ' sus
pended .constitutional guarantees
during . the recent explosions of
. violence. Those guarantees re
main suspended. And the Commu
nists obviously fear that the gov
ernment has the power now to '
paralyze them and Castro follow
ers by imprisoning key leaders
and cracking down on their propa
ganda and subversion efforts.
Betancourt a quarter century
ago was himself a Communist, so
he knows how they work. Today
he is probably the man the Com
munists hate most in all Latin
America. He is hated because he
can block extremism of the Cas
tro type which might lead to the
chaos and confusion which is a
classic Communist weapon of cold
war. ' - ' '
They hale him. too. because
Betancourt has set out to demon
strate that constitutional govern
ment can work, in Venezuela. '
Betancourt has brought his gov
"Other Editors' Opinions
."Drop Outs'
Beware
v - (MINNEAPOLIS STAR) ,
There is a grim warning to
teen-agers in the survey of school
"drop outs" just completed by
the United States Department of
Labor. They are going to have
a tougher and tougher time get
ting jobs. Also they will earn
much less over their life spans,
and job satisfaction will be ap
preciably lower than it might
SAYS . . .
Later Woes
Care Now
- tion. Use frames to be sure that
' the stockings don't shrink after
washing. .
Observe thee specifications for
shoes: V-inch. wider and M to
"4-inch, longer than foot in stand-'
ing position, broad toe, straight
inner margin, adjustable laces,
broadest at level of ball of foot,
flat, firm, flexible sole that is not
slippery.
Examine shoes frequently. If
"worn unevenly, especially along
outer heels, have lift added and
correct walking stance, as de
scribed below.
Teach voungsler to walk wiih
feet parallel, toes pointed straight
forward and weight shifted along
outer border.
'.' Bathe feet morning and night
with soap and water. Dry care
fully, particularly between toes.
Anoint with albolcne or lanolin,
especially if prone to sweat.
Cut toenails straight across
when they extend beyond fleshy
portion of toe. Do not round cor
ners. Do not trim too severely.
And he sure to provide new
shoes as soon as the grow ing foot
begins to be crowded by the old
pair.
For a copy of Dr. Hyman's
leaflet "How to Combat the Com
mon Cold," send 10 cents to Dr.
Hyman, care Herald and News,
Box 49, Dept. B, Radio City Sta
tion, New York 19, N.Y.
ernment through two years of
storm in the wake of the fallen
Perez Jimenez dictatorship. It has
survived an attempt at a military
coup and an attempt on the presi
dent's life laid to plots by dictator
Rafael Trujillo of The Dominican
Republic
At the same time the Betan
court government wrestled with
problems inherited from an econ
omy of waste and corruption un
der the Perez Jimenez regime. It
is struggling with difficulties
brought on by a flight of capital
from the country at a time when
many w ere unsure that Venezuela
would not go the way of Cuba.
But today there is scarcely a
man in Betancourt's Accion Dem
ocratica party who has any use
for Fidel Castro. There is far less
fear of the power of Castro than
existed only eight or nine months
ago. Above all, the vigorous and
determined men who are Betan
court's top aides in Venezuela's
struggle for economic and politi
' cal stability, are exuding confi
dence thai, no matter how formid
able the problems ahead, they will
get the job done. -
have been with ,a finished high
school education.
The Labor Department studied
26,000 students in seven widely
-scattered areas of the country.
The conclusions of the survey
are plain and unequivocal: Less
money; fewer skilled jobs; less
rapid advancement, greater
chances of unemployment.
One of the surprising items
turned up in the survey is the
reason most youngsters leave
school early. It is not economic
necessity. It is just plain bore
dom. In part this may be due
to the lower IQ't (on the aver
age) of those who fail to finish
high school. . '
In .Minnesota, a. state advisory
committee on employment of
youth already is working on a
state program to meet the chal
lenges of youth employment in
the 1960s. It is well recognized
that the untrained and the un
skilled will have a much more
difficult time of it from now on.
In a highly technological society
there will be fewer and fewer
unskilled jobs available.
The bright side to this picture
is that the demands for the
trained, the educated, the compe
tent promise a good future to al
most any youngster willing to pre
pare himself. Studies show, in
fact, that the demand for skilled
youth will exceed the supply in
the next decade.
The warning -is plain: Stay in
school, get a high school diploma,
go to college if you can, make
a definite preparation for your
lifework. This would be good ad
vice any time, of course, but it
Is particularly compelling in this
fast moving, rapidly advancing
age in which we live.
QUESTIONS. .
AND
ANSWERS
. Q What it the difference ta
length between the Gregoriai
year and the solar year?
A The Gregorian is 26.S sec
onds longer.'
Q Whlrh U.S. vice president
refused to nit with the cabinet?
A Vice President Charles 6.
Dawes.
By PETER EDSON
Waialagtea CortespeMeal
Newspaper Enterprise Aua. -
WASHINGTON (NEA)-The Eis.
enhower administration's last will
and testament to its heirs in the
Kennedy administration is con
tained in the retiring president's
final economic report to Congress.
Chapter Three is entitled, "Poli
cies for the Future." . W
It's a good peacetime formula
for economic growth, says Dr.
Raymond J. Saulnier, chairman'
of the Eisenhower Council of Eco
nomic Advisers who prepared the -report.
He hopes the new adminis
tration will give it heed, though
he won't flatly predict trouble for
them if they don't. '
Dr. Walter W. Heller, who will
succeed Saulnier. has been in to
see him and talk about how to
run the council. They have not
discussed the Eisenhower report.
But the general assumption is
that the new bunch of economic
doctors .won't agree with -either
diagnosis or cure for what ails
business today.
If that's the case, it is just as
well to know what medicines the
Kennedy economists pour down
'the drain
There seems to be agreement
on the symptoms. The growth
rate should be higher, idleness
unemployment lower, i
Saulnier points out that since
1955 the Eisenhower administra
tion has had before Congress pro
posals for relief in depressed
areas, measures to stimulate the
housing industry, aid to educa
. tion, extended unemployment in
surance coverage and similar cor
rectives. Along with these specifics, the
Eisenhower administration has
prescribed general treatment to
hold prices stable, curb inflation, -keep
the dollar sound and, above
everything else, keep federal gov
ernment interference with the pa
tient's normal recovery at an ab
solute minimum. -
These are. the things the last
three Democratic-controlled con
gresses have refused to agree on. '
They have wanted more govern
ment dosing, nursing and pam
pering of the patient.
If there had been just a little
compromise between the execu
tive and legislative branches of
government on this, instead of
YOUR POCKETBOOK
Plan In Advance
For Retirement
By FAYE HENLE
For you who may not be re
tired for one, two or three dec
ades, let it never be said that ad
vance planning was not devoted to
the problems you may face when
you can no longer work.
For you who face retirement
sooner, let it not be said that
you have not been made aware
of the possible problems you may .
encounter.
The most searching airing of
what might be done to bring add
ed prosperity and happiness to
older persons took place at The
. White House Conference on the
Aging.
Long hours of preparation by
government officials, professionals
' and lay advisers preceded the con
ference. There is little doubt but
that years of work andstudy will
follow, for the welfare of older
folk is of grave importance not
merely 'o the individual involved
but to the economy as a whole.
The fact that the national spot
light has shone so penetratingly
on planning for later years should
inspire you who have not set up
a program of your own.
From the areas of discussion,
I would like to point up several
facts for you to consider:
There' is a likelihood in the dec
ade ahead that you may be em
ployed for a longer period.
Throughout most of our national
history the number of middle
aged workers has increased ma
terially in each decade, thus meet
ing most of the need for addition
al workers with skill and experi
ence. It will not be so in t h e
years immediately ahead.
To you this should signal :. up
grade your skills, acquire new
knowledge in the areas our econ
omy is stressing and you will
have something to offer that will
be of value to employer after the
"normal" retirement date. ,
The timing and financing of re
tirement are intimately related.
Those persons who are forward
looking when it comes to financ
ing retirement years are pushing
for instruments that will adjust
with fluctuating living costs, that
is, pay you more when prices
rise. G. Warfield Hobbs, president
of the National Council on Aging,
has made several such recommen
dations in the past. However, as
in the case of his proposal for a .
Treasury bond whose interest and
principal payments would be tied
to a cost oi living index, several
of hut proposals would require
congressional action.
political buUheadedness aa bora
sides, something might have beea
done instead of nothing.
This is really the big policy
for the future that the Kennedy
administration might pay mora
.attention to. with the roles of the
president and the Congress re
versed. If Kennedy and his economic
specialists propose recession cures
that the conservative old family
"docs" in Congress can't go along
with, the two might accommodate
their view so as to help the long
suffering economy instead of leav
ing it to Father Time, Mother
Nature and its own devices for
correction. .
Saulnier and his. colleagues are
of the opinion that the present
business weakness will be of short
duration.
"I would expect resumption of
growth will occur early in tha
year," he says. The decline of last
November and December he calls
a cyclical movement. There is
nothing in this situation which or
dains further change in a down
ward direction.
This is where the Kennedy ad
ministration seems to differ. Soma
of its practitioners think this is a
real depression the country is in
and that it is going to get worse.
Drastic surgery is recommended
to remove high unemployment
trends.
Some Kennedy advisers think
the remedy is a transfusion of
greater government expenditures
to make more jobs and put mora
people back to work.
The approach of the Eisenhower
advisers is that such a stimulus
would not last. It is considered
artificial respiration. The patient
may suffer a relapse when it is
discontinued, or it could result in
price increases and inflation
which are considered worse than
the original, malady.
There is -only one point on
which the two schools of econom
ic medicine men seem to be in
agreement. Saulnier, in discussing
the Eisenhower report, puts it in
this way:
"This bunch," meaning the
Kennedy administration "would
like to see greater use of our
productive capacity." He goes
along with that. Everybody can
go along with that because busi
ness conditions, no matter bjoW
good, are never good enough.
In view of the fact that no gov
ernment pension plans and but a
few private retirement plans take
rising living costs into considera
tion, this is an area in which yoii
must work.
Considerable emphasis at tha
conference was focused upon
health problems and the cost of ill
ness. Stress was laid upon the sad
fact that medical costs, more than -any
other expense, can upset the
retired person's budget. Here too,
personal planning is a must.
Specific suggestions were mads
to have:
The government's old-age assis
tance prog! am keep pace with liv
ing costs by increasing t h e
amount of liquid assets an old-age
recipient may hold.
Tax legislation studied for the
possibility of increasing retirement
' income exemption- to help offset
the erosion of purchasing power
due to inflation.
Even if adopted in a modified
manner, msny such proposals set
forth by the conference will not
only be a boon to oldtimers but
also a blessing to the young for
it will lessen their burdens, too,
and add to the dynamics of the
growth economy of the 60s.
Al
manac
By United Press International
Today is Monday, Jan. 23, lh
23rd day of the year with 341
more in 1961.
The moon is in its first quarter.
The evening stars are Mars and
Venus.
, On this day in history:
In 1845, Congress ruled that all
national elections should take
place on the first Tuesday follow,
ing the first Monday in Novem
ber. In 1920, Ignoring a demand
made by delegates to the Ver
sailles Peace Conference, the gov
ernment of Holland refused to sur
render the ex-Kaiser of Germanf
to the Allies for punishment.
In 1943. famed author and dro
malic and literarv critic Alexander
Woollcott died.
In 1949. Gen. DwiRht Eisenhower
said he'd promised to serve as
president of Columbia University
and would not accept a presiden
tial nomination.
Thought for today: American
educator J. Frank Dobie said:
"Reading great books whets but
never slacks the thirst for greatness."
4
M