HERALD AND NEWS, KLAMATH FALLS. OREGON
MONDAY. APRIL 20, 1959
r AGE 2 A
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Pcticvfl-
"PaiJlSevere
'William Daives
Poets, Historians Differ
By RAY SHAW
AP Newifealures Writer
"Listen my children, and you
shall hear
Of the midnight ride of Paul Re
vere." . t
Almost any American will recog
nize that ai the opening of Henry
Wadsworth Longfellow's stirring
"Paul Revere's Ride."
Longfellow's account of the ride
184 years ago last week I April
13-19) appears to have made a
bigger hit in poetry books than in
history books.
For while historians agree the
Docm carries a powerful patriotic
message, they generally disagree
' with Longfellow's presentation of
trie tacts.
Historians and Longfellow agree
Weather Table
United Press International
Temperatures and rainfall for
24 hours ending at 4 a.m.
High Low Rain
Albuquerque 07 47
Atlanta 73 60 .32
Bakersfield 78 55
Boise 61 30
Boston ' 69 . 41 .43
Brownsville 91 68
Chicago ,41 35 .38
Denver " 46 27 .08
Detroit 46 35 .02
Fairbanks .25 2
" Fort Worth 8 62
'. Fresno 1 78 50
Helena 46
Kansas City - 54 , 42 .03
. Los Angeles 70 53. '
. Miami ' , .') 82 t-
Minneapolis . 49 35
' New Orleans 86 72 T.
' New York 71 50 .07
, Oakland 67 51
Oklahoma City 78 45
' Phoenix 80 60
Pittsburgh 59 46 .15
' Red Bluff 0 52
Reno 61 28
Sacramento 80 49
Salt Lake City 50 31 .02
' San Dleuo 66 ' 58
San Francisco 62 49
' Seattle , . 62 44 .
Spokane i 60 ' 36
Stockton 78 48
; Thermal , .84 61
Tucson ?J 52
. Washington . 68 63 .14
LAST 2 DAYS!
BARD0T
In
MADEMOISELLE
Beautiful and Proud..
Ml IWIMAN (.OWN
tsii
RICHARD HENRY ANTHONY
WIDMARK FONDA QUINN
DOROTHY DOLORES
MALONE MICHAELS
XW n. over a town fft tSLt
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those f'fZk
Revere had an important part in
warning the countryside from Bos-
m toward concord, about 20 miles
away, that the British were com
ing. From there, however, the ac
counts differ.
The Boston of that day was lo
cated on a peninsula projection in
Boston Harbor. To the north across
shallow inlet was Charlestown.
Longfellow had Revere in Charles-
town taking the signal from Old
North Church that the British were
coming "one if by land and two
if by sea and galloping off to
ward Concord alerting the patriots.
Historians claim the signal was
flashed by Robert Newman on Re
vere s Instructions to other revolu
tionaries across (he bay in Charles-
town. Revere is said to have still
been in Boston when the lantern
was hung in the church belfry.
Longfellow mentions only Re
vere's ride. Historic accounts
contend he was accompanied
much df the way by William
Dawes, a young shoemaker, and
Dr. Samuel Prescott.
Neither docs Longfellow mention
that Revere eluded one British pa
trol. He and Dawes were captured
by a second patrol while Prescott
escaped and made his way to Con
coed where the colonial arms were
stored.
Longfellow has Revere reaching
Concord: .
"It was two by the village clock,
"When he came to the bridge in
concord town.
Before their capture, Revere and
Dawes were able to twarn John
Hancock and Samuel Adams so
they could escape arrest for trea
son. Why docs Longfellow differ from
historical accounts of the night?
The reason isn't clear. When writ
ing his poem the historical facts
were already in print.
One theory given is that Long
fellow, by writing only of Revere.
Do-lt-Yourself
Plane Crashes
OAKDALE, Calif. (AP) - Their
home-assembled airplane was a
total wreck but brothers Glendon
and Gerald Conkle were able to
walk away from it Sunday after
it crashed into an irrigation ditch
Glendon. 28, and Gerald, 23, of
nearby Modesto, assembled the
small plane from a variety of
parts over a two-year 'period.
When they finished It was prop
erly licensed and test flown.
The plane developed engine tiou
ble near Knights Ferry, 10 miles
northeast of here, and crashed aft
cr hitting some roadside trees in
mi attempt to land on Orange
Blossom Road.
Glendon had facial cuts; Gerald
a broken arm.
READ IT AGAIN
DES MOINES, Iowa (I'PP-
State Sen. Jack Schrocricr, a Re
publican, interrupted Democratic
Sen. Melvin Wolf to object to his
criticism of the motives of Repub
lican legislators.
"My last paragraph praises
you. won told him.
"Well, read that one first
please," Schroeder said.
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On Paul Revere's Ride
was able to achieve greater poetic
effectiveness. And Revere s name
seems to ring of poetic beauty-
more so than Dawes or Prescott.
Another poet, Helen F. More,
later presented the case of Dawes
in "What's In a Name?", part of
which reads:
"When the lights from the Old
Dulles Didn't
In His Avowed Purpose
Of Gaining Offensive
By JOHN M. HIGHTOWER
WASHINGTON (AP) - When
John Foster Dulles took office as
secretary of state six years ago
his avowed purpose was to "wrest
the initiative" from the Soviet Un
ion and put the United States and
its allies on the offensive in the
cold war. He never succeeded in
achieving this major objective.
boon after he was sworn in, he
found himself caught up in a tide
of crises that ran throughout his
crowded years in the State De
partment. His major contributions
to the development of U.S. foreign
policy have been, with few excep
tions on the defensive side of cold
war strategy.
Foremost among his accom
plishments, perhaps is the vast ex
pansion he engineered in United
States alliances and military
commitments over the world. He
inherited the North Atlantic Al
liance, which he hoped to create
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PRE SCHOOL CLINIC
BONANZA A pre-school clinic
will be held al the school at 1 p.m
on Wednesday, April 22. Dr. Seth
Kerron and the Klamath County
school nurse will be present. They
will be assisted by Mrs. Roger
Reid. All parents arc urged to
bring their children who will en
lr school this (all.
r 9206
1 SIZES
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' 1
Start of I
1 XJJr- jSMXenrti--
Christ L'hurak
North Church flashed out,
Paul Revere was waiting about
But I was already on my way
The shadows of night fell cold and
gray.
As I rode, with never a breath
or pause:
But what was the use, when my
name was Dawes?
Succeed
from his predecessor, Dean Ache
son. But building on the coalition
pattern thus established, he ex
tended U.S. commitments in the
Far East, Communist Asia and
he Middle East to such a degree
that Soviet-Chinese communism
can hardly thrust out in any di
rection now without risking U.S.
retaliation.
In (he course of making the new
commitments Dulles developed a
technique which solved a difficult
problem in the conduct of U.S.
foreign policy.
By getting advance authority
from Congress, he eliminated a
potential weakness which, in a
moment of crisis, might have pre
vented the President from taking
effective action.
Such a crisis arose last year
when revolution overthrew the
pro-Western government of Iraq.
Dulles and Eisenhower feared that
other friendly regimes would top
pie like a row of blocks, begin
ning with Lebanon and Jordan.
Against threats of Soviet coun
teraction the President dispatched
U.S. troops to Lebanon and Brit
ish forces went into Jordan to save
(ailing into unfriendly hands.
The Lebanese action was anoth
er in a long list of moves dram
atized under Dulles' policy of
brinkmanship which has been
bitterly controversial.
Dulles was in international hot
water for a time last year with
his insistence on supporting Na
tionalist China in its defense of
the Chinese coastal islands, Que-
moy and Matsu. against Red at
tack. Britain was especially (ear
ful that Dulles might lead the
United States into an unwanted
war in the Far East. He was con
fident, however, that if American
determination was clear to the
Chinese Reds they would not at
tempt to invade the islands. In the
end his judgment seemed to be
home out by their failure to press
tneir campaign.
lo him. in this as in other crises
the important thing has not been
the real estate involved but the
principle that it is dangerous to
try to buy peace by yielding to
the threats of a potential aggres
sor.
His theory of brinkmanship
holds that it is necessary for the
United Stales again and again to
face up to a Communist chal
lenge in soihe vulnerable area of
the non-Communist world and to
go to the brink of war to defend
a free country against conauest
in I'.ifti Dulles found himself
faced with perhaps the worst and
most dangerous crisis of his State
Department years. It involved the
seizure of the Suez Canal by
tgypt.
The British and French govern
ments then in power grew tired
ol wnat they considered his dc-
tcatist attitude on the Suez issue
They attacked Egypt, after an at
tack by Israel.
Dulles was causht in the dread
fill dilemma, as he saw it, of
having to back this country's chief
allies in an' adventure of which
he thoroughly disapproved or hav
ing to denounce their action and
see the Atlantic coalition split
wjric open.
He chose the latter course and
was immediately put into the un
enviable position of siding with
the Soviet Union in the I'nitcd Na
tions against Bntian and France
It took a year to restore the friend
ly Allied relationship.
Possibly one of Dulles' bitter
est disappointments, measured by
ms early purpose of taking hc
roio war ottcnsive, was his inabil
ity to do anything decisive about
the Hungarian revolt against com
munisin in 1956.
Direct Western Intervention, he
judged, would have meant war.
and the administration decided
against IL
'Lab' At Cape Canaveral
World's Most Expensive
CAPB CANAVERAL. Fla. (UPI)
When America's first human
rocket passenger blasts off in
about a year, the international
spotlight will focus on what mis
sile men here call "the world's
most expensive laboratory."
This is the 485-miUion-dolIar At
lantic Missile Range, which begins
with this once-barren sandspit on
the mid-Florida East Coast and
extends 5.000 miles southeast to
the British crown colony of As
cension Island.
The rocket passenger, one of the
seven astronauts named recently,
will be hurled about 200 miles
over the ocean in a prelude to
Project Mercury, the nation s plan
to put a man into orbit around
the earth.
But although he will be highly
trained for his momentous trip,
the rocket voyager will play a
relatively inactive part. After the
blastoff, the experiment will be
entirely in the hands of the men
who operate the Atlantic Missile
range.
Their job can be divided rough
ly into three phases: determining
where the speeding rocket is dur
ing every second it is in flight,
retrieving its nose cone from the
ocean, and interpreting data on
what happened to the passenger
and the nose cone in flight.
The Air Force disclosed to Unit
ed Press International that prep
arations already have started for
the first mans flight aboard a
rocket. The plans are secret, but
a rundown on the range as It is
now being operated should give
some idea of the enormity of the
job.
Between the Cape and Ascen
sion are 11 other stations m the
intricate tracking and data-receiving
network.
These are Jupiter, Fla., about
80 miles north of Miamf; Grand
Bahama, Eleuthera. San Salvador,
Mayaguana. and Grand Turk, is
lands in the Bahamas: the Do
minican Republic: Puerto Rico:
St. Lucia and Antigua in the Brit
ish West Indies; and Fernando de
Noronha, 250 miles off the coast of
Brazil, which owns the island.
A glance at the map will show
two big gaps in this chain of data
gathering stations; the 2,236-mile
span . from St. Lucia to Fernando
de Noronha, .and the 1,225-mile
jump from Fernando to Ascen
sion. To plug these gaps, the Air
Force uses specially-instrumented
ocean range vessels.
Manning the thousands of little
black boxes" the tracking and
data - gathering instruments at
each station are nearly 2.000 men
all but a handful of them civilians
employed by the government
The Eleuthera station in the Ba
hamas is typical of others in the
group. About 140 full-time techni
cians and maintenance personnel
are assigned there. These men
work for the Radio Corp. of Amer
ica 'RCA), which is in charge of
all instrumentation on the range,
and Pan American World Air
ways, the range "housekeeper."
All aspects of a missile s flight
pertormance must be measured.
The Air Force docs this job with
high-speed cameras, theodolites
(instruments which measure hori
zontal and vertical angles), and a
highly complex device known as
the azusa system. The azusa is
used to measure the position of a
ballistic missile traveling 15,000
miles an hour at an altitude of
several hundred miles.
However, the Air Force relies
primarily on telemetry for infor
mation on what is happening in
side a missile during flight. The
telemetry devices are black box
es with probes extending to all
parts of the missile. Similar boxes
presumably will be attached to the
rocket passenger.
When the missile men wish to
recover a nose cone hurled over
the ocean, the operation becomes
even more complex. Several C-54
airplanes are dispatched from Pat
rick Air Force Base, just south
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of the Cape, to the impact area
where they rendezvous with ocean
range vessels before the shoot.
Miles Of Tape
The idea is for the. ships and
planes to spot the cone, glowing
fiery red with atmospheric fric
tion,' as it plunges back to earth
from space. The planes then guide
the ships to the area where the
cone fell. This plan, or a varia
tion of it, is expected to be used
to recover the first human rocket
passengers.
The radioed telemetry informa
tion, which continues through im
pact of the- missile s nose cone, is
taken down on tape recorders
through huge antennas at the
downrange stations by ships and
in some cases by specially instru
mented nirnlanpc
These tapes hundreds of miles
long are returned to the Cape
and processed in the technical
laboratory, a huge building which
is one of the largest in Florida.
By analyzing these tapes, missile
men can determine exactly what
happened to their "bird" at any
point in flight.
The figure of 48a million dollars
quoted above applies only to 'the
net value of the equipment at the
Cape and the downrange stations.
No estimate is available on just
how much it takes to operate the
downrange stations, but the cost
runs into several million dollars
a year.
Klamath Falls
Youth Heads
SOC Students
Voting last Wednesday saw 500
Southern Oregon College students
casting ballots in the student body
election for next years officers
Ballot counting ended at 7 p.m
with only one run-off election in
the results.
Next year's officers are: Bob
Mead, president. Klamath Falls:
Ron Legget, second vice president.
Bonanza: Maureen McCurdy, treas
urer, Medford; Janet Meyer, secre
tary, Klamath rails; Larry Hall,
yell king, Medford and Ona Liles.
Roseburg; Larry Barleen, Klamath
rails; Alvin Born, Henley district,
Klamath Falls; and Ron Fader,
Ashland, representatives-at-large.
According to Gaynor Huck, for
mer Klamath Falls student and
now a resident of Ashland, this
year's first vice presidential run
off will take place next Wednes
day between Rick Pastega, Klam
nth Falls, and George Olson. Klam
ath Falls. Huck is second vice
president this year. . .
Jim Ochs, editor of the college
newspaper, the Siskiyou, reported
that the election between the in
cumbent president, Richard Clark,
Medford. and Mead, was a hotly-
contested one with Mead defeating
Clark's second-term bid by a vote
ot 294 to 221.
Morse Promises
Vote For Herter
WICHITA, Kan. (AP) Sen
Wayne Morse (D-Ore) said he will
vote for confirmation of Christian
A. Herter as secretary of state.
But Morse told reporters here
Saturday night that he hopes
Herter will have a more flexible
foreign policy than that of John
roster Dulles, who has resigned.
Morse was here to speak in be
half of Israel bonds.
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Voting In Algeria Reduced
By Rebel Threats, Attacks
ALGIERS (AP) Voting in Al
geria's week-long municipal elec
tions limped along today with reb
el threats and attacks keeping the
turnout small.
Unofficial reports said at least
16 persons had been killed and
nearly 70 wounded so far by rebel
terrorists seeking to sabotage the
voting ordered by the French.
The voting began bunaay. in me
city of Algiers, 45 per cent of
those eligible balloted. In the
countryside where the rrencn
army is in direct control some
60 per cent braved the threat of
rebel reprisal.
Early returns from tnree warns
in Algiers gave a lead to an ex
treme right .wing faction favoring
Algerian integration with France
and an end to the government of
President Charles de Gaulle.
Although only municipal offices
are at stake, the campaign cen
tered on a struggle between back
ers . and opponents of de Gaulle.
City voters had a choice of can
didates, but voters in more than
60 per cent of the rural commu
nities had only candidates ap
proved and mustered by the
French authorities.
In Algiers, 258 Europeans and
193 Moslems campaigned for 75
municipal council seats. Most of
the Moslem candidates were the
same men who have cooperated
with the French for years.
De Gaulle had hoped that the
elections would produce a repre
sentation of moderate Moslem na
tionalists with whom France could
begin working toward negotiations
for Algeria s fugure status. But
even the moderate nationalists re
fused to run, claiming the elec
tion had been decided in advance
Although European Algerians
constitute 10 per cent of the coun
try's 10 million inhabitants, they
ere guaranteed one-third of all
municipal council seats.
Gen. Jacques Massu, command
er of the Algiers area, sought to
conquer. voter apathy and tear by
broadcasting an appeal for a
larger turnout. Army loudspeaker
SLASH FIRE
ETNA The Callahan Forest
Service Ranger Station reports no
damage suffered when a slash tire
on Kangaroo Creek went out of
control due to a sudden wind on
April 15. The fire was quickly cor
ralled by forest service personnel
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trucks toured the capital, blarinf
that to aostain trom voting was
"to betray the army."
To prevent rebel reprisals
against Moslem voters, troops
kept non-residents from entering
120 northern Algerian commu
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