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HERALD AND NEWS. KLAMATH FALLS. OREGON
THURSDAY. OCTOBER fl. 1958
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nff ann n nn
By FRANK BBLTTO
VATICAN CITY (AP)-By na
ture and inclination, Pope Pius
XII was a scholar. A world war
and an ideological fiqht (or men's
minds compelled him to be a
soldier.
But, years hence, Pius XII may
be known best lor his saintliness.
Many here believe that the frail,
ascetic, yet almost incredibly
hard-workinj? man frequently
hailed by great crowds as "Papa
Santo" will one day be canonized
a saint and thus receive the high
est honor o( the church.
The spiritual struggle he led was
and is a tremendous one. In it,
Pius XII, with countless written
and spoken words, with prayers
and directives to his hierarchy,
urged believers in God to hold the
ramparts of their faith against
the forces of expanding material
istic and atheistic communism.
As a' boy, Kugenio Pacelli was
a solemn-eyed little fellow, easily
identifiable amid his more robust
classmates.
The young Pacelli. member of a
Roman family ennobled by popes
it had served for generations, gar
nered scholastic honors. Early in
lite he indicated his wish to be
come a priest and began the long
process of prayer and study that
was to continue throughout his
lite.
He was ordained a priest at 23
and celebrated his first Mass in
the Rome basilica of St. Mary
Major the world's oldest Catholic
shrine to the Virgin Mary.
The Vatican's L'Osservatore Ro
mano, founded by his grandfather
Marcantonio Pacelli, reported the
Mass and forecast a great future
lor the young priest.
Fifty years later, as the 261st
pontiff, Pius XII made his 1950
Holy Year pilgrimage to the same
basilica. It was a hot August day
At St. Mary Major, he stepped
briskly from a big American car
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his hand in blessing and the sun
struck little blue rays from the
"fisherman's ring" on his finger.
Jhe pontiff hurried to pray be
fore the aitar wnere he had said
his first' Mass.
He was then in the 11th year
of his pontificate.
His accomplishments already
have assured him a place among
the great popes.
Despite persecution in Communist-ruled
countries, the mem
bership of the Catholic Church
throughout the world has reached
a record high.
In private, special and tremen
dous general audiences, Pius had
received millions of people more
than had anv other pontilt in his
tory. He spoke to them in six lan
guages and on many subjects.
He had made many saints. He
had announced that a decade of
digging under St. Peter's Basilica
had confirmed that at. Peter
prince of the Apostles, had been
buried directly below the main
confessional altar.
He had reiterated many of the
basic tenets of the church, ae
fending its dogmas and warning
both the laity and clergy against
modernism and novelty this de
spite the fact that he sometimes
was called The Modern Pope.
That description was based upon
superficial things the fact that
he shaved with an electric raior,
that he used a typewriter and
telephone, that, as a cardinal, he
had flown in an airplane when he
visited the United States in 1936
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But he tolerated no deviation from
basic teachings.
Mindful of grave economic
stresses, he gave as temperate an
interpretation as possible. But in
an address to Italian midwives he
warned that the life of an unborn
child could not be sacrificed to
save the life of the mother a
statement that was termed "in
human, callous and cruel" bv the
Church of England newspaper. So
mucn criticism followed the state
ment that the pontiff reiterated
the church's stand.
No innocent life, he said, could
be directly sacrificed for the sake
ot another, and this anD bed in
childbirth. Both the life of the
child and that of the mother are
equally precious, said the Pope.
If one were to try to pick what
Pius XII may have himself con
sidered the supreme moment of
his life, a good guess would be
mat it was the moment when he
proclaimed the dogma of the Vir
gin Mary's bodily assumption into
neaven.
The dogma was proclaimed in
St. Peter's Square Nov. 1, 1950.
From 600.000 to 700.000 people
packed the square and the broad
Via della Conciliazione to Castel
Sant'Angelo, on the bank of the
liber nearly half a mile away.
In front of St. Peter's central
door, a temporary throne was
placed for the Pope. Nearby were
39 cardinals and 600 patriarchs,
archbishops and bishops by all
counts the biggest gathering of the
Catholic hierarchy ever held.
A roar of approval rose when
the Pope's words, carried by loud
speaker, declared it catholic dog
ma that the Virgin Mary, "The
course of her life on earth termi
nated, was assumed to the heav
enly glory in soul and body."
VATICAN CITY (API - When
Pope Pius XI died, the Vatican's
postage stamps and coins were is
sued with the mark "sede va
cante" 'vacant scatl until Pope
Pius XII was elected.
Presumably the same thing will
happen now until a new pope is
elected, probably within 30 days.
Normally Vatican coins and
stamps carry the name of the
pope in whose reign they arc
issued.
VATICAN CITY (AP)-No pope
ever before spoke out so frequent
ly and on so many subjects as
did Pius XII.
None before him had the facili
ties that were afforded to him by
science. He frequently turned to
radio and, in later years, televi
sion to reach distant countries.
Some of his major speeches, for
example his annual Christmas
messages that emphasized the
subject ot peace, were broadcast
in as many as 26 languages.
Some of his words on various
subjects included:
COEXISTENCE "Either it (co
existence) will raise itself to a co
existence in the fear of God. and
thence to a truly peaceful living
together, inspired atid protected
by the divine moral order, or else
it will shrivel more into a frozen
paralysis of international life, the
grave dangers of which are
even now foreseeable." (Christ
mas 19541.
ANT1CO.MMUNISM "We again
warn Christians of the industrial
age . . . against being satisfied
with an anticommunism founded
on the slogan and the defense of a
liberty which is devoid of content.
Rather we urge them to build up
a society in which man's security
rests on the moral order."
(Christinas 1954.
NUCLEAR ENERGY "The use
of this enormous energy for peace-
lul purposes is the object of care
ful and continuous investigation to
which is given our blessing to
gether with the approval and the
congratulations of every honor
able individual and of all civilized
peoples. (Easter 1956 1.
COMMUNISM - "We reject
communism as a social system bv
virtue of Christ's doctrine, and we
have a particular obligation to
proclaim Ihe fundamental prin
ciples of the natural law. For the
same reason wc also reject the
opinion that the Christian ought
today to see communism as a
phenomenon or a stage in the pas
sage of history, one of the neces
sary 'moments' as it were of its
evolution, and, consequently, to
accept it as if decreed by Divine
Providence " (Christmas 1956.
C01.0NIALISM-"Let not those
peoples be denied a fair and pro
gressive political freedom and
hindered in .ts pursuit. ... On
the other hand. Western peoples,
especially those of Europe, should
not, in the face of suih. problems,
remain passive, in futile regret
over the past or in mutual organ
izations to defend your rights
while remaining aware of your
duties and to arric at an im
provement in your conditions of
life. You are acting fullv in con
formity with the church's social
teaching when, by all means mor
ally with the church's social teach
ing when, by all means morallv
permissible, you vindicate vour
just righls." 'Speech to Italian
workers June 26. 1955'.
NATURAL CHILDBIRTH-i So
called natural, painless childbirth
in which no artificial means is
used, but the mother's natural
forces are called into action': "Is
this method morally irreproach
able: The answer, which must
take into account the object, end
and motive ol the method, is enun
ciated briefly: 'Considered in it
self, it contains nothing that can
be criticijed trom the moral point
of view"" Address to doctors
Jan 8. 1956 .
ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION
The Pope said the so cvlied "test
tube" process must "be reiccted
is immoral and absolutely illicit "
Address to World Congress on
Fertility and S'.enlitv, gag :
1956'. .
Death Of Pope Pm Ml
PEACE "Nothing is lost with
peace. Everything may be with
war. Let man return to under
standing. Let negotiations begin."
'Radio address Aug. 24. 1939 be
fore outbreak of World War Hi.
CAPITAL AND LABOR - "The
opinion, unhappily too widespread,
that between them there is an ir
reducible opposition to divergent
interests is erroneous and sad in
its consequences." (To Italian
Catholic employers. May 7, 19-19).
COLOR BAR AND RACISM
"One knows too well, alas, to
what excesses racial pride and
racial hate can lead. The church
is forever opposed with energy to
(these excesses) whether they con
sist of attempts at genocide, or
practices inspired by what is
called the 'color bar.' " (Address
to an International Congress on
Blood Transfusion. Sept. 10, 1958).
POLITICS Player the Pope
composed for Catholic parliamen
tarians and politicians says: "May
we never lack in loyally to our
people, faith in the principles we
profess and elevation of the spirit
above corruption and evil inter
est." (Prayer published Jan. 28,
1953).
"His was a full life of devotion
to God and service to his fellow
men."
These words by President Ei
senhower summed up tributes to
the late Pope Pius XII by Ameri
can leaders in government, reli
gion and other fields.
News of the pontiff's death to
day brought an outpouring of
statements expressing sorrow and
lauding the late Pope as a "foe of
tyranny ... a man of profound
vision . . . one of the foremost
champions of human dignity, free
dom and peace."
Joining Roman Catholics in
mourning the Pope's death were
spokesmen for Protestant and
Jewish groups.
The National Catholic Welfare
Conference noted that no other
pope in history has had as many
ties with the United States as
Pope Pius XII. The conference re
called, among other things, that
he was the first man to become
pope who had ever visited the
United States. This was in 1936,
three years before he became
head of the Roman Catholic
Church. Also recalled were the
pontill's many audiences with
Americans who visited the Vati
can.
Eisenhower, informed of the
Pope's death at Castel Gandolfo
in Italy, said that "with men of
good will everywhere, I mourn
his passing."
Ihe President said this of the
Pope: "An informed and articu
late foe of tyranny, he was a
sympathetic Inend and benefac
tor to those who were oppressed,
ana his helping hand was alwavs
quick to aid the unfortunate vic
tims of war.
'Without fear or favor, he con
sistently championed the cause of
a just peace among the nations
of the earth. A man of profound
vision, he kept pace with a rapid
ly changing universe, yet never
lost sight of mankind's eternal
destiny."
Vice President Nixon said he
had never met a leader in any
part of the world "who had a
keener and broader understanding
of the great issues of our time
than he had." Nixon added that
"the wisdom of his counsel will
guide statesmen for years to
come."
Edward Cardinal Mooney, arch
bishop of Detroit, commented that
"unnumbered millions who did not
share the faith of Pius revered
him as the exponent of the highest
ideals for man and society. ..."
Archbishop Patrick A. O'Boyle
of Washington said. "The world
has lost its foremost champion of
peace ana tne Catholic world has
lost its chief shepherd."
Dr. Gardner C. Tavlor. Dresi-
dent of the Protestant Council of
tne Lity of New York, said "Peo
ple of good will everywhere will
sorely miss the vigor and vision
that Pope Pius XII brought to the
cause of a juster, fairer world."
Rabbi Maurice N. Eisendrath,
president of the Union of Ameri
can Hebrew Congregations, said
the pontiff "will long be remem
bered for his earnest exertions for
peace, for his rescue of many vic
tims of nazism, for his cordiality
towards men and women of all
faiths."
Other comments: .
Gov. Avcrell Harriman of New
York: "As no man in our time,
and few in history, Pius XII ele
vated the simple practices of hu
manity to holiness itself."
Nelson A. Rockefeller, Republi
can candidate for governor of New
York: "This gentle, great priest
dedicated a lifetime to God and
man."
Sen. John F. Kennedy '(D
Mass): "I know that people of all
faiths in all nations join in mourn
ing the passing of this man who
stood for peace and wisdom in an
era beset by war and the rise of
godless dictatorship."
Sen. Everett M. Dirkscn (R-Ill):
"His saintly -character and his af
firmative efforts for peace have
made a deep impression on this
generation. . . ."
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