SUNDAY, JULY 13. 1058
HERALD AND NEWS. KLAMATH FALLS, OREGON
PAGE 11 D
V ,uw
INTERESTING EFFECTS tn pafio design may be achieved with lumber from the western
pine region. This attractive and practical patio for enjoyable outdoor living was con
structed with squares formed by Douglas fir 2 by 4's nailed onto I by 4-inch cleats.
The wood was treated with a pentachlorophenol preservative to provide resistance to
decay. Note the use of wood in the board-'n'-batten siding, sunshade, picnic table, bar
becue cart, and other furniture.
Don't Forget Wood When
You Design New Patio
A palio is usually high on every
homeowner's list of planned proj
ects. It's in keeping with the trend
toward making the outside of the
house more comfortable so that
more time can be spent there.
Many people also use the patio
as a means of giving their home
an individual look. The idea is
lo make the palio completely dif
ferent Irom the neighbor's.
In the search for new and dif
ferent construction materials, one
of the longstanding favorites
wood is finding ever increasing
favor for patios, the Western Pine
Association reports.
There are numerous advantages
lo a properly designed wood patio.
It is an easy way of providing an
absolutely level and smooth sur
face where there is none naturally.
Built properly on a bed of sand,
gravel, or cinders, it's ideal for an
outdoor- living area where the
ground tends to retain dampness.
A wooden flooring dries quickly
after a rain. With spaces left be
tween boards the water runs off
into the drainage bed beneath.
This same leature makes the wood
patio easy to keep clean.
Popular species for outdoor con
struction are straight - grained
Douglas fir of the western pint
region. Engelmann spruce, larch,
lodgopolc pine, sugar pine, pon
derosa pine, white fir. Idaho white
pine, inland red cedar, and in
tense cedar. The two cedars have
a naturally strong resistance to
decay, but any of the other west
ern pine region species readily ac
cepts preservatives.
They are soft woods, easily
worked with hand or power tools,
putting a patio within the realm
of the do-it-yourself enthusiast.
When properlv treated with pen
tachlorophenol preservatives, t h e
wood will stand up well for many
years lo come.
There are numerous interesting
patterns to be worked out. The
patio may he constructed as a
floor applied to a frame, with the
lumber running in one direction or
with sectiors running in alternate
ways or in a herringbone pattern.
Other possibilities are sections of
planks or individual square or rec
tangular sections that rest on n
level bed and can be lifted up at
will to clean out debris under
neath. To construct a lift-out sectional
floor, sod and dirt should be re
moved to a depth of about six
inches. This allows for a two-inch
base of sand, gravel, or cinders
and 2 by 4's on edge lor the fram
ing of the patio.
Before the base material is ap
plied, the ground must be leveled.
Then the base material should be
spread evtnly and tamped down
for a firm foundation.
The square blocks can be made
of short lengths of 2 by 4"s held
together by 1 by 4-inch cleats. The
pace between the 2 by 4"s should
be no more than a quarter-inch in
view of the narrow heels that are
now in fashion for women.
Another popular style wood patio
consists of a frame of 2 by 4"s
on' edge to form the outline. In
side the frame at the bottom are
nailed 2 by 2-inch strips, leaving
a 2-inch lip inside the frame.
Every 8 feel there should be an
other 2 by 2 for transverse sup
port. The 2 by 2's or 2 by 4's
are nailed down to the transverse
supports with the usual quarter
inch spacing.
No matter what pattern is de
cided on. any lumber dealer will
oiler advice on the appropriate
.species from the western pine re
gion to give the desired effect.
Wheat Acres
May Be Asked
Farmers on Kind on which no
wheat was seeded (or grain in any
ot the years W.. 1US7 and liiSil
and for which a lilSB wheat acre
age allotment was not established,
may apply for a 1!I5!1 wheat acre
age allotment according to Karl
Wilson, chairman of the Klamath
Agricultural Stabilization and Con
servation County Committee. The
owner or operator of such a farm
must apply in writing to his ASC
County Committee by July 1, ih.h.
Wilson staled, otherwise, a lli.W
wheat acreage allotment will not
be established for the (arm.
Wilson further explained that
1138 wheat acreage on a farm
which did not have a 1!I38 wheal
acreage allotment does not qualify
as wheat history acreage lor the
purpose of establishing acreage al
lotments. A 1959 old (arm wheat
acreage allotment will not be es
lahlished lor a farm without wheal
history in 1 956 and I'i57. and on
which wheat was planted for
grain in 1958 without a l'.ioH wheat
acreage allotment unless an ap
plication is filed by July 1, 1U5II
Blank application forms are avail
able at the ASC counly oflice for
use in tiling requests for allot
ments.
The total estimated cost of Ihe
new San Francisco (iiants Base
ball Stadium, including interest on
bonds, is 17. a million dollars.
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Smell Chicken
Under Study
Midget chickens that produce
normal size eggs yet require less
space and do the job with less
eed are under study by Oregon
Slate College poultiy scientists.
Paul E. Bernier. poultry geneti
cist, has a collection of six true
Iwarf laving hens, little more than
half the size of normal hens, that
have matched the rest of the OSC
I lock egg for egg during the past
?ar.
Not only have the diminutive
birds shown that it doesn't take
'big hen to lay a big egg, '
hut they can maintain their egg
production on 35 per cent less teed
estimates George II. Arscolt, poul
try nutritionist.
The midget strain ol White Leg
horns weigh 2'i to 2:14 pounds com
pared to 4 '4 lo 5 pounds for nor
mal hens. Kxcept for size, the
midgets are apparently normal in
all respects. Dr. Hornier says the
dwarfing is caused by true mu
tation which insures that the strain
can breed true.
The OSC research team hopes
this vear to slart intensive
tarch trials with the midgets lo
learn if Iheir yearly and lifetime
production can be maintained at
levels equal to present commercial
strains.
Midget chickens are not a nov
llv. Dr. Bernier explains, and
could occur in any llock. Genetic
nature of dwarfness in chickens
was first analyzed by Dr. K. B
Unit of Cornell I'niversily.
Nounallv. dwarl cniikens would
be culled from llocks on the as
sumption that performance would
not nieasuie up. r our ol tne pres-
tnl group of OSC midgets were
supplied by Oregon pultrymen. the
iber two showed up in tne use
llock.
Now that the trend is away from
dual-purpose chickens lor both egg
and meat production, the midget
may have a place, say the scien
tists. Birds bred especially for
meat production now leae little
salvage value lor worn out laying
hens.
Dr. Bernier isn't worried nhoul
the little birds coming nut on Ihe
short end of Ihe poultry flock
"pecking order." They adjust "so
cially" lo bigger birds "or at
least they're smart enough to
know how to avoid conllicl," he
explain d.
ANTKJIES DKFINKD
Rug dealers define antique Ori
ental rugs as those which have
been in actual use in the coun
tries in which they were woen
lor 50 years or moie.
Latest Study Shows The
Steelhead Trout To Be A
Wide-Trcveled Sportsman
United Press International
SACRAMKNTO, tUPl A good;
thrase to describe the Steelheadj
trout, one of California s leading!
game lish, is this: I
The nomad wanderers of the
fish world."
It's not original. Tint descrip
tion comes from the California Kish
ind Game Department in a report
on a report.
The second report is one now
under preparation by biologists ol
the Federal Fish and Wildlife Serv
ice's Bureau of Commercial Fish
eries on the wanderings of the
steelhead.
California's department discuss
es the report in a monthly publi
cation and says that sleelhead
range over much of the North Pac
ific Ocean in an area larger than
(be United States.
They have been taken south of
(lie Aleutian chain, in Ihe mid
Pacific Ocean and 150 miles from
Kamchatka Peninsula. Soviet ter
ritory. Research biologist Bobert Y.
i'ing last year participated in the
salmon high seas studies and is
cooperating with Clilford JT Burn
er, assistant chief of Pacilic salm
on investigations, in preparing a
scientific paper for publication on
distribution of the steelhead.
To find out the facts, the biolo
ists went fishing, which is a nice
way to do reserach. to help find
out the home stream of the reds.
pinks, kings, chums and silvers
taken in the high seas. They caught
sleelhead too, a total of 2ni.
The department says that before
this the steelhead s ocean hideout
was not known.
'Previously, one of the least
known aspects of the sleelhead was
the ocean phvisc of its life cycle,"
the publication says, "the sleel-
head's stream distribution from
Alaska to Central California is well
known.
"It was not known whether the
hsh spent their ocean lime on Ihe
continental shelf, the shallow sea
immediately oil the coast or range
far into the Pacific.
But biologists sort of had the
idea that the shallow sea was the
answer. Now they know it isn't.
There's plenty of proof.
American aren't Ihe only ones
tn have tnken steelhead on the
high seas. Biologists of Canada and
J;. pan did too.
In l!)n6, as an example, (wo Can
adian research vessels look 32 steel
bead along with 943 salmon and
Japanese scientists reported the
fish as far west as 150 miles east
ol the Kui ile Islands in Kiissimi
territory.
. Parenthetically, the department
s.-ys that it is not known if Ihe
steelbeuds taken close to Soviet
borders were born in America or
not.
Although no sleelhead were found
in the Bering Sea near Alaska and
the Soviet Union. Ting said that's
no proof they aren't swimming
that far.
"We only sample from May to
Ortober with Ihe greatest fishing
el fort in Julv and AugusU-nnd we
dnn't know Iheir distribution the
rest of the year." he said.
During the 1!56 and 1957 seasons.
chartered salmon investigations
covered about two million square
miles. Thai area is wider than th
Comment
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Now a little about the sive of
ihe steelhead. Ting said ihey varied
from 10 to 37 inches long with an
average length of 24 inches with
in the ranue commonly reported
lor adult steelhead.
Weights varied from a half
pound to 1 4 1 1? pounds and the aver
age was 7' pounds for fe
males and five lor males.
Once Ihey were captured, the
sleelhead really got the treatment
but good. The scientists look
weight and length measurements,
scales were sampled lor age de
terminations and sexes were noted.
Also, the researchers took stom
ach analyses In determine Ihe food
preferences. The scale analysis
during three years disclosed that
the steelhead spent from one lo
four years in fresh water before
heading to sea to grow the big-
gest.
The ocean sludy isn't the only
one on 'his game fish underway by
iny means.
At Bonneville Dam on Ihe Col
umbia River, where lish' run
hrough fish ladders of various
sizes, gradients and designs at the
Wildlife Service rishway labora
tory, it was noted Unit steelhead
can swim through much faster wa-
'er than salmon. Ibis goes up lo
Id feet per second. The salmon
have stopped before that.
Also. Ihe Honneville workers
found out that sleelhead prefer
darkened fishways lo lighted ones
and Ihey move very rapidly in Ihe
darkened fishways.
In Oregon, a fish commission
lield research station near Astoria
tagged sleelhead when they came
hack the second lime, this proved
lillle that wasn't already known
but it was inleresling lhal the bi
ologists were able to tag Ihe fish
a second lime, ll's no secret that
steelhead sometimes, spawn more
than once.
Farm Employe
Number High
The number of persons working
on farms during the week of May
111-24 was 14 pef cent higher than
a month earlier and two per cent
higher than a year earlier, Ihe
Crop Reporting Board announced
today. Increases from late April
to May were larger than usual lor
bolh farm family workers and
hired workers.
The number of hired workers
jumped 30 per cent during Ihe
month to a (olal of 2.0ftt.(l(i0. Hired
workers constituted almost one
fourth of the lotal farm labor
force of 8,3;i).0OO persons during
the survey week. The nation's
farmers were providing employ
ment for 10 per cent more hired
workers lhan in May 1!)57. The
supply of workers available for
farm labor continued to be in bet
ter balance wilh demand than usu
al lor this lime of year, and re
ported shortages were mostly lo
cal. The number of farm family
workers increased by slightly
more lhan a hall million persons
during the month, but the 11511 lo
lal was si ill one per cent below
the 1!57 level for the same date.
Phone TU 4-5373