THURSDAY, OCTOBER 3 1 ,
1957
HERALD AND NEWS. KLAMATH FALLS. OREGON
tAGE NINE
Intentions, Abilities Of Reds Probed By U.S. Intelligence
Ry JOHN M. HIGHTOWER
WASHINGTON Wl Getting in
formation on the intentions, plans
and secret moves of Russia's
rulers stood out today as the No. 1
problem o( U. S. intelligence
egencies.
Finding out what Russia can do
is much easier than determining
what she intends to do, the ex
perts agree.
The evidence is that President
Eisenhower and his top officials
would like to know a great deal
more about what goes on in the
Kremlin than they do. But the
best information they can get is
"highly speculative."
That, at least, was the phrase
used by Eisenhower yesterday
when he was asked at a news con
ference whether he was satisfied
with intelligence estimates he had
received on the status of Marshal
Georgi Zhukov in Soviet ruling
circles. He said some weeks ago
that Zhukov s position had ap
pearcd to be greatly strengthened.
The removal of Zhukov from his
job as defense minister last Sat
urday caught the U. S. govern
, mtnt by surprise and "Hhout any
very good guess as to what was
going on. Unly alter soviet Lorn
munist party boss Khrushchev
spoke Tuesday of linding a new
assignment for Zhukov was it
clear to authorities here that Zhu
kov had been downgraded.
They still do not really know
why, although the guessing is that
he was removed by Khrushchev
in some kind of power struggle.
possibly over political control of
the Red Army.
Eisenhower said that "any ef-
fort to penetrate the Soviet mind,
or at least the mind ot the ttrem-
lin to determine their reasons for
doing anything, is highly specula
tive, and that is all it is."
"I don't think that any intelli
gence system can give you a com
plete and positive answer on this."
Intelligence experts make
sharp distinction between facts
bearing on the capability of an
other country to do something and
those bearing on its plans or in
tentions. Thus before the Korean
War started in 1950, the U. S. gov
ernment knew that the Communist
in North. Korea had the capability
- (if launching a strong attack on
South Korea but they had no solid
information on Communist inten
tions and the actual attack caught
Washington by surprise. The sit
uation was about the same sever
al months later when the Red Chi
nese forces joined combat.
There have been times in the
past when intelligence successful
ly penetrated into the inner circle
ot a hostile government.. Early in
World War II the Western Powers
had such good information not
only on Nazi Germany's military
capabilities but on its plans and
intentions tnat tney warned Rus
sia flatly of Hitler's impending
assault.
Political intellieence of this hich
order is the optimum that intelli
gence agencies seek, the experts
say. Precisely how well the Unit
ed States is doing in this respect
in regard to Russia is a matter
known only to a few people here
apart from such comments as
that which the President made
yesterday.
Allen W. Dulles, director of the
Central Intelligence Agency, de
scribed himself in a speech in San
Francisco last month as the head
of "the silent service," whose re
sults cannot be advertised.
CIA is the clearing house and
analytical center for all U. S. in
telligence information. The secrets
Scientist Says Human Life
Span Has Hit Maximum Point
CLEVELAND W Human be
ings have about reached the limit
on how long they can expect Jo
live. '
This conclusion was reported to
day by Dr. Morris Rockstein, as
sociate professor of physiology at
wew York University, to tne open
ing session of the 10th annual
meeting of the Gerontological So-
New Malaria
Drug Tested
PHILADELPHIA UP - Tests on
16 volunteer federal prisoners
from the U. S. Penitentiary in At
lanta, Ga., indicate that .certain
drugs mixed with ordinary salt
can lessen the severity of malaria
attacks.
Dr. G. Robert Coatney ot the
National Institute of Health. Be
thesda, Md., told a meeting of the
American Society of Tropical
Medicines and hygiene yesterday
the drugs used were pyrimetha
mine and chloraquine.
Volunteers took the drugs mixed
with salt and then were bitten by
malaria-infected mosquitoes. They
suffered much less severe attacks
than did untreated volunteers, Dr.
Coatney said.
He added that the method may
be of great use in under developed
areas where spraying against ma
laria is impractical.
Chance Meeting
Leads To Arrest
NEW YORK Ifl-A bus line ex
ecutive met his bookkeeper at
Newark, N. J., airport yesterday,
with both holding tickets for the
same flight to Miami. The chance
meeting resulted in the bookkeep
er being arrested on a grand lar
ceny charge.
Police gave this account:
Sidney Engelhardt, president of
Gray Line Bus Tours, Inc., dis
covered a $6,000 shortage when
his bookkeeper for three years,
Raymond Farrell, S3, of Brooklyn,
failed to report to work last Mon
day. Engelhardt notified police but
went ahead with plans for a Flor
ida vacation.
When he met Farrell boarding a
plane Engelhardt called airport
police.
ciety. Gerontology is the scientific
study of old age.
To back up his conclusion he
cited studies of animals and mor
tality date which shows that like
the color of their eyes, nair ana
skin human beings inherit most
of -the conditions which decide
how long they'll live.
Since man has no control over
these inherited conditions, he said,
human beings-are arbitrarily lim
ited to about the present length of
life.
With a considerable number of
records of 100 years or over ex
isting for the longevity of male
and female humans," he said,
this suggests itself as being close
to the potential maximum for the
majority of human beings of the
future."
One proof, he said, of the limit
lies in the fact .that despite the
advances in medicine and public
health the life expectancy of peo
ple who've reached 65 hasn't
changed much over the years.
Another, he said, is the evidence
from animal experiment) which
shows that the life span is almost
always shorter for offspring which
are borne or produced by older
parents.
Rockstein said, however, that
despite the fact that human life
is limited by heredity, many ac
tual living conditions aftect how
long a person may live. And, he
suggested, by the proper control
of these conditions more and more
people could expect to reach their
inherited limit.
These conditions, he said, in
elude climate, diet and, probably,
marriage.
Marriage, he said, is "a rela
lively little-discussed factor which
appears to be involved in , . .
the life spans of the- members of
different species."
In humans it is a fairly well-
known statistical fact that at any
age the mortality of bachelors or
slinsters far exceeds that of their
married counterparts."
One possible explanation of this,
he said, may be that marriage en
vironment is more favorable than
living alone.
"Nevertheless, this advantage of
wedded bliss is also observed in
the laboratory where white rats
which have been mated appear to
live longer. Indeed even the pres
ence of an additional member of
the same sex in a cage is gen
erally considered favorable to
longer life."
of its operations are closely guard
ed. Not all Soviet announcements
of major developments hit the
United States as a surprise. Rus
sia's successful testing of long
range rocket missiles is reported
to have been detected well in ad
vance of the actual announcement
last month by U. S. radar equip
ment in Turkey.
Russia s Sputnik launching was
anticipated by at least some sci
entific experts in the government
according to statements which
have been made since the satel
lite was announced. Electronic
detection devices for many years
have kept tract of Soviet atomic
tests.
All such information as this
gathered by well located electrical-mechanical
equipment has an
important bearing on Russia s
military capabilities. But it does
not provide facts bearing on what
Russia intends to do with those
capabilities.
Navy Chief Backs
Scientific Pool
SEATTLE Wt The time has
come, Navy Secretary Gates be
lieves, to pool the Western world's
scientific brains and exchange its
researchers.
This, he told a Navy League
meeting here yesterday, is a nec
essary part of providing a "mili
tary force adequate to insure,
working with our allies, the peace
and security of the free world."
COSTLY CALL
FORT WILLIAM, Ont. U) A
customer who obtained permission
to use a cafe telephone here called
Toronto and talked for 23 minutes.
For not paying the $11.35 bill he
was arrested and fined $100.
WL 1
03l
"But, father! How can I get dressed for school until
I find out what my friends are going to wear today?"
Severe Verdict For Zhukov Seen
ROME i) Italy's Communist
party organ today predicted Rus
sia's top leaders would issue a
"severe verdict" against Marshal
Georgi Zhukov and hinted he
would be accused ot bonapartism.
The Moscow correspondent of
the naper. L'Unita, said the rul
ing Presidium of the Communist
party Central Committee had com-
Soldier Faces Spy Charges
WASHINGTON W - The Army
has filed espionage charges
against M. Sgt. Roy Adair Rhodes,
who testified as a government
witness at the recent New York
trial of Russian spy Rudolph
Abel.
The 40-year old soldier testified
he didn't know Abel and never
worked for him.
But Rhodes also said in court
he received between $2,500 and
$3,000 from the Russians for in
formation he supplied them while
assigned to the U. S. Embassy in
Moscow. He was there from May
1951 to July 1953.
An Armv 'announcement vester-
day said Rhodes had been charged
in court-martial proceedings with
two specifications alleging a con
spiracy to violate the espionage
lawi, and one specification alleg
ing he signed an official document
without disclosing his prior asso
ciation with Red agents.
Rhodes, from Eatontown, N. J.,
now is being held at Ft. Belvoir,
Va. Conviction could carry a max
imum of life imprisonment.
Abel was convicted Oct. 25 in
New York and will be sentenced
Nov. 15. The Army sergeant was
brought into the case after testi
mony indicated Abel had a file
on Rhodes under the code name
"Quebec."
pleted a two-day session on the
case of the ousted. defense minis
ter Tuesday night.
The dispatch, by Giuseppe Bof
fa, suggested that Zhukov, like
Napoleon, had wanted to advance
from command of the armed
forces to fulfill a "political ambi
tion perhaps unlimited."
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