WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 23, 1955
HERALD AND NEWS. KLAMATH FALLS. OREGON
PACK SEVEN
Veteran (Farm Reporter Analyzes
Current National 'Farm Situation'
EDITORS: How bad off It the
American farmer? The following
dispatch, by the veteran United
Preaa reporter who covers the Ag
riculture Department in Washing
ton, gives fact and figures on both
sides of the hot political battle
over the farm situation.
Br CAYLORD P. GODWIN
United Presa Staff Correspondent
WASHINGTON UP Just how
serious . Is the "farm situation"
that the politicians are talking
about?
Democratic critics ?( the admin
istration's farm policies say the
farmer is really hurting in the
pocketbook. But Secretary of Agri
culture Ezra T. Benson says Amer
ican agriculture is basically "in a
sound financial condition."
Both sides have ample arsenals
of statistical ammunition.
Those who picture the farm situ
ation as pretty desperate cite the
farm income figure. This is the
figure that shows what the farm
ers in the country have left over
Mt. Laki Plans
Cemetery Voting
The Mt. Laki Cemetery Main
tenance District will hold an elec
tion on Decembei 6 for the pur
pose of electing one director for
the district to serve at term of
three years.
W. W. Williams and William
Cheyne are candidates for the
post. The election will be held at
the Hunley Granje Hall with the
polls open from 2 to 7 p.m.
Lakeview Court
Schedules Trial
LAKEVIEW James Dederick
Edwards will go on trial at 9:30
a.m., Tuesday, December 13, on
a charge of contributing to the
delinquency of a minor. Trial date
was set by Circuit Judge Charles
Foster.
The court has appointed T. 8.
McKinney as attorney for the defendant.
Chemult Dance
Said Success
CHEMULT The Chemult Civic
Improvement Club's Harvest Dance
in' the clubhouse Saturday night
was a success despite bad weather.
Mrs. Cap Jessup took home the
turkey.
A party with a Clrstmas gift
exchange will be held at the home
of Mrs,. Grady Gooch at Beaver
Marsh on Thursday, December 1.
.Mrs. John. Herman and Mis. Lloyd
Hauptman will be co-hostesses.
each year, as net earnings, after
deducting their production costs
from their crop and livestock
sales.
This figure has dropped from
more than 14-billion dollars in
1952 to a rate of 10 1-3 billion
dollars for 1955. That's a decrease
of 27 per cent. And it has come at
a time when the rest of. the na
tion's economy is enjoying boom
time prosperity. . ,
The Agriculture Department re
ported Friday that a further de
cline in farm earnings is In pros
pect for 1958.
Benson and his supporters note
that the number of people living
on farms also has decreased since
1952. If you look at farm income
on a per capita basis that is,
total income divided by the total
farm population of men, women,
and children you find that it
hasn't dropped so sharply after
all.
Per capita farm Income, from
all sources, was $S48 In 1952, and
$913 in 1954. That's a drop of less
than four per cent. The 1955 figure
won't, be available until the year
ends, but doubtless ti, will be a
little lower.
Politicians and economists who
take a glum view of the farm sit
uation point to the "cost-price
squeeze" on the farmer.
What they mean is that the
prices of farm produced goods
have been going down fairly stead
ily, while the farmer's costs have
held steady or gone up. For ex
ample, a bushel of corn brought
$1.51 in 1952. but only $1.14 last
month. Whereas a tractor that -sold
for $980 in 1952 was tagged at
$2020 last month.
The government has a compli
cated formula for measuring the
prices a farmer receives against
the costs he has to pay. It's called
"parity." When costs and prices
are In the same balance they were
in the period 1910-1914, the parity
ratio is 100. It so happens that in
1952, the parity level also was ex
actly100. It's been sliding downward ever
since and so far this year the av-
Charles Foy'i
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erage is 85 per cent. Considering
last month, alone, it was 82 per
cent.
alstant to Benson, says present
arm price reiationsmps are
war boom iwhen parity shot up to
no per cent) ana tne depression
of the thirties (when it sank to 58
per cent).
f resent price reiationsmps lor
agriculture . . . may be somewhere
near normal for modern day pe
riods of peacetime full employ
ment, taking into account our
heavy government stocks," Parrl
berg says.
In discussing farm finances.
Benson often quotes the old saying
that "Price times volume equals
income." He's calling attention :o
the fact that, even if prices are
down, production is high. Farmers
may be getting less per bushel for
their corn, but they're growing an
awful lot of corn. This year's total
harvest of all crops is expected to
equal and may surpass the all
time record of 1948.
The dark side of the production
picture is that huge surpluses are
piling up In government ware
houses anrf fhnu AVoW d riant-Ac...
ing effect on farm markets. Tne
uuma oi surplus iarm commodities
which the government has taken
in under nric snnnnrt. nnraiunG
has passed the seven billion dollar
mar, ana is still growing despite
stringent controls on planting.
Here are some other facts and
figures which might be added to
the debit and credit sides of the
farm balance sheet:
Debit: American farms are
mortgaged for $8,200,000,000. That's
a seven per cent rise in farm
mortgages since, last year.
Credit: Farm real estate values
are up five per cent since 1954.
Farmers seem reluctant to s-U
their land, and those farms that
are aold are usually snapped up
at' a good price.
Debit: The farmer's, share of
every dollar that a. housewife
apenda for food has sWunk from
47 cents In' 1952 to 41 cents this
year, and is still going down. '
middlemen processors, haulers, j
retailers and the like get tne
rest.
Credit: The continuing rise In I Urging the demand for farm prod-1 techniques also are opening up
the U.S. population is steadily en-lucts. Research and new sales I new markets for farm goods.
Complete
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DR. J. W. LOWE
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