mum
la
0
la The'
Dav's lews
By rttANK JKNKIN8
Ills liuatcmnlan business la
fur from clear, but It really U be
ginning lo look aa l( the ouuleiiial
una WHO DON'T LIKK COMMU
MHM, got together and THIIKW
THIS COMMUNlbTS OUT OF
OUatkmala.
If Uiat turns out to lie whul did
haiipen, 11 will bo wumlorlul, '
At hla press conference thin
momlnit, Iks endorses Uie Idea ol
pracolul existence with Uis com
liilea, but adds til at Uis Idea ol
peaceful co-existence mustn't III
cluds appeasement.
It you ever plowed corn (or may
be col loin with a mule, you will
understand whst our President
, menus. As long Uie mule known
you've not hla number Hie two ol
you can work, togeUier boautllully
and you can gel a lot of corn
plowed. But If Die mule get the
Idea he can bluff you, LOOK OUTI
1 think It works the sains way
with communists.
Mrs. Eleanor noosevell gots Into
the news today with sonic guod ad
vice on International relations. Ad
dressing teachers attending Uis Na
tional Education Association con
vention In New York she recom
mends that some tilings like arlth-
metio be led until later and Uiat
foreign languages be taught In the
primary grades from Uis atari
that Is, from the first grade on.
She added:
"Kar and memory training srs
so much easier In the earlier years.
I myself learned French from a
French governess before I learned
English. I couldn't tell you now
how I know that a French noun
should be masculine or feminine, I
Just KNOW It, because I learned
It at the Tight age,
fthe concluded:
"To prepare children for life In
s new kind of world s much
smaller world ws should etnpha
alzo aa never before that they make
Uis attempt to speak soms foreign
language."
The Guatemalan nickua reminds
us sharply that maybe we'd better
do LESS pulling around with Eu
rope and Asia snd MORS, culti
vation of good will among our
neighbors of the Western Hemi
sphere: Except tor Portugese-speaking
Brasll. Spanish Is the language of
the Latin-American part of the
Western Hemisphere. If we're go
ing to gel along with our Latin
American neighbors, we're going
to have to be able lo talk to -them.
- As Mrs, Roosevelt suggests. It
would be a splendid Idea It we
put Spanish Into our schools In
the FIRST GRADE, where lang
uage study should begin.
Oeltlng back to Iks and his press
conference, he plugs again this
morning for his farm program
based on flexible supports. He says
the present system of rigid 90-per-cent-of-parlty
support of the "ba
sic" crops (whest, corn, cotton,
pesnuts and tobacco) la doing dam
age both to our farm Industry and
to the nation as a whole.
He's right, of course. A system
that subsidises vast surpluses of s
FEW favored crops couldnl pos
sibly be regarded as sound na
tional policy.
But
As long as Uie present unbal
anced pries situation In our econ
omy continues, there will be polit
ical demands for supported fsrm
prices. As of now, prices of food
on thA fsrm are low snd are going
LOWER, while prices of food to
Uie consumer are high and getting
HIGHER.
That doesn't make any better
sense than subsidizing huge sur
pluses of corn, wheat, cotton, etc.
Mayors Hold
Milking Fest
Rooters "rooted", mayors scram
bled, cows stood still snd Uie goat
was left out In Uie hllnrlous milk
ing contest staged yesterday ss s
mid-week event in the Merchant's
Fun week progrnm.
Mayors of four other Klamath
Bnsln towns, Louis, "D u r a n g o
Kid," Kallna, Malln; . "Roamln'
Hollle Rlnnbarger, Tutelage, rep
resented by the California town's
Hew postmaster, Louis K. iBudl
Fries; James "Dusty" Chlpman,
Chlloquln, snd Paul "Bucko" Lan
dry, Klamath Falls, bit the dust
and doffed their straw stetsons to
"Lone Star" L, Vim sine, Bonanza,
who owns a sawmill but knows
how to milk a cow.
Van Blpe, handicapped by draw
ing a dry Guernsey at Uie start
of the race, wound up winner with
two pounds 15 li ounces of milk.
Msyor Landry came In second
with two pounds, nlna ounces.
The contestants were weighed In
by Met Lambert, rodeo announcer
who helped "boss" Keith Moon,
president of ths Merchant's Asso
ciation keep tally on man and milk.
The contest drew a large crowd
to Seventh Street between Main
and Pins that followed Uis Kanga
roo Court snd the Tommy Oden
"Western RhyUim Masters" to
glands on Main Street.
ATTACK
JBRSALEM, Israeli Sector Wl
An Israeli spokesman said one
policeman was killed snd live
others wounded In a machine gun
attack on a patrol boat In the Sea
of Onllloo Wednesday. The spokes
man said the tire cams from the
direction of Kursl, a seaside vil
lage In Syria,
KI.AMATII
Price Five Cents 14 Psges
Laredo,
By Flooding Rio
lly IMVK (IIKAVKM
I.AItlCDO. Tex. Ifl ' Foaming
blown waters of Uie Hlo Grande's
mightiest flood completely Isolated
Luredo Wednesday, and 100 miles
iinntrritm 11(1 worn known (lend at
Uie Mexican town of l'lcdras No
gins. The Rio Grande drove ut least
another 600 persons from Uiclr
hiynca hero, milking a total ol
some 1,601) or more evacuated.
Dr. Hodrlgo Andslon, chlrl of
Uie hospltul si 1'ledraa Ncgrss,
suid there wore 30 known dead
Uiore. Earlier, Uiere hnd been ru
mors of 2U0 to 1,000 drowned In
Uio Mexican town of sbout 35.000
across Uie border from Lagle
I'ass, Tex.
The Rio Grande's flood wuters
surged down two creeks snd split
Isolated Laredo In hall, separat
ing Uie old town and business dis
trict irom s section ol newer
homes and Laredo Air Fores Base.
Highways and railroad tracks
north of Laredo were under water,
and It was Impossible to - reach
air fields bocauso of high water.
Laredo had no drinking water
and a mounting sanitation prob
lem. both Uio railroad snd aula mo
bile bridges between Laredo and
Nuevo Laredo, were believed torn
out but Uie water was so deep
nobody could tell lor sure whst
Uie damsge wss.
Nearly 100 miles north of Del Rio
st Osons, Tex., Uie latest count
allowed 16 persons desd snd one
still missing m s Hood Uist Hashed
down dry washes alter a cloud
burst Sunday night,
Another victim of Uie cloud
bursts reported Wodnesday was
Pvt. Koy A. ChrlsUonson, drowned
when s bridge over Uie Peco River
west of Del Rio went out.
Six more persons were reported
missing si Psndale, south of Os
ons. At Lsredo the river rose to M0
feet about - a.m. snd stayed Uicro
lor a while. Water wss up lu Uie
streets closest to Uie river,, but
fsrUier uptown the Mexican boys
were tout sweeping Uie sidewalks,
city buses and lasts were running,
slid Uie sun wss shining.
Of Uie possible loss of life at
Weather
FOIltXAHT Klamath I'alls snd
Vicinity i Occsaional sh o w r s
Ihrouih Weduesdsy Bight with
thundcrshowcrs In mountains
Partly sunny Thursday. High ol
Thursday 70; low Wednesday night
U.
High yesterday M
Low last nignl M
Preclp. Isat 24 boars
Since Oct. I M.
Same period Isst year . H.81
Normal lor period ,
U.ll
Daylight Saving
To Be Voted On
PORTLAND OH An Oregon
daylight saving time measure is
assured a place on Uio November
election ballot.
The Portland Junior Chamber ol
Commerce reported It hud collect
ed 38,388 valid signatures on peti
tions asking a vote A total of 37,
400 Is required.
The proposed Initiative would
glvo Oregon daylight saving time.
Law now forbids It.
ASSAULT
KATMANDU, Nepal 11 Lt,
Francisco Ibaiiez, leader of an un
successful Argciumo nssuult on 30,-611-foot
Dhaulaglrt Peak In the
Hliimlayns, died hero Wednesday.
He hud contracted pneumonia and
sovoro frost blto on Uie climb.
ALL RAYS LEAP TO ROUNDUP DAYS In Klamath Falls, at this time expoiura taken from
North Seventh and Lincoln ihowi. Lights In ths center ef the picture are indicative of the
activities sponsored all week by ths Merchants Association; ths rayt In ths background lead
to ths Watt Coast Shows on South Sixth and Division Street. In matter of days lighting will
eoneantrats In the. arst to ths left of ths rayt the fairgrounds whers rodeos will hold
ths spotlight beginning at 7 p.m. Saturday and Sunday; at 1:30 p.m. Monday.
KAI.I.H, CUSHION, WKDNKBIM If,
Texas Isolated
Picdras Negras, s state hlghwsy
pslrolmsn Indicated It might reach
Into Uie hundreds.
' "But we don't havo any definite
number," Uie patrolman said, add.
lug:
"I'm sure Uiere were a lot of
Vandenberg
Incensed By
DA's Action
By LTLK DOWNING
A long-standing rill between Cir
cuit Judge David R. Vandenberg
snd District Attorney Frsnk Alder
son was widened Wednesdsy slier
Uie third motion In a week asking
designation of an outside judge lo
preside here was filed by Uie pro
secuting attorney.
Altornoy Joe O'Neill, counsel for
Andrew Bushman, charged with a
sex crime, said he has been served
with a copy of a chsnge of Judge
motion filed by Alderson.
In Uie mesntime, sclion by Chief
Justice Earl Latourette of the Ore
gon Supreme Court was awaited
on two other motions for a change
of Judge by Alderson.
U. s. Bslentine. attorney for
Tobe Carter, defendsnt In a case
In which Alderson Is seeking s
chsnge of Judge, hss filed a motion
opposing such action.
LAWVKRH CONFUSED
OUier attorneys with criminal
cases pending In circuit court were
confused by Alderson's action. It
was their opinion Wednesdsy Uist
before sn outside Judge could be
sent here to try criminal coses In
place of Judge Vandenberg, a hear
Uig would have to be held belore
Uie supreme court In Balcm. This
would be brought about by is
suance by Uie court of an order
to show esuse why another Judge
should not be assigned to replace
Judge Vandenberg In Uie esses in
volved. Then Bslentine would be
able to sppesr belore the supreme
court and argue against Uie order.
In his motion Bslentine claims
Alderson Is trying to deprive Car
ter of a speedy trial,
Court officials ssy they believe
a motion by a district attorney for
a change of Judges Is unprece
dented In Southern Oregon. It also
wss pointed out Uiat In 1653 Uie
supreme court denied a motion for
a change of Judges made by a
litigant In a law suit. In malting
Uie ruling. Uie court stated:
DISRUPTIVE
"Such a procedure Is disruptive
to the Judicial process. In effect, It
authorises a swapping of Judicial
horses in midstream at Uie will
of any litigant who may be unhap
py concerning his progress through
Uie channels of litigation.
"Such a statute," Uie court con
tinued, "constitutes an encroach
ment by Uie legislative branch
upon Uie normal power and func
tions of Uie Judicial department of
Uie government. While It remains
on Uie statute books. It should be
nsrrowly construed.
Judge Vandenberg who Is highly
Incensed over Uie district attor
ney's action, Indicated he will not
preside at any trials in wnicn Al
derson Is sctlng ss prosecutor until
Uie supreme court settles the Is
sue, aside Irom a case now before
Uie court.
"I dont see why I should," the
Judge said. "If Uie district attor
ney can disqualify me, I can cer
tainly disqualify myself."
The case being heard Wednesday
Involves Clyde Durkcc, charged
with a morals oflcnso. Alderson Is
prosecutor and Durkce is being de
fended by Attorney Ocorgo Proctor.
'' 7
JUNK HO. IBM
Telephone (111
Grande
lives lost. They are In awlul bad
shupe over Uiere. Water went over
Uie roofs of two-story houses."
He said he believed reports of 500
desd In Uie little Mexlcsn city
would bo "grossly exaggerated.
"However," lie said, "there are
signs thut a terrible lot ol people
took an swim beating.'
As Uie river returned to Its
banks st Eagle Pass and Its sister
city of Pled r as Ncgrss, Uie big
fight sgslnsl Uie floodwsters cen
tered si Lsredo snd Nuevo Laredo.
Muyor Joe Martin Jr. of Laredo
said a 68-foot level had been
reached shortly after I a.m. He
said the International Bridge, s
vllal link on the Pan-American
Highway lo Mexico City, wss still
Intact. It wss reported under about
18 fcol of water.
"We believe we have everything
under control," Martin sstd. "We
have evacuated or changed the
sleeping locations of about 1,000
people."
Only on Convent Avenue, the ap
proach to the International Bridge,
had water bscked Into the business
district. In all. about 40 blocks
paralleling Uie river were effected
"About 30 business buildings are
under water to Uie top of the first
floor," Martin said.
Capt. Tom Gallagher of the Lar
edo police, who had been In radio
communication with Nuevo Laredo
police, ssld Uist three fourths of
Uie Mexlcsn city's business district
wss under wster.
Tension had eased st Eagle Psss
when the crest of 53.6 feet passed
yestordsy st 4:30 sjn., but con
cern continued for Pledrss Negras'
35.000 residents. State disaster snd
relief control headqusrters estim
ated from 30.000 to 80,000 home
less there
A reporter, after flying over the
Mexican city, ssld, "They're in a
desperate situation. I asw about
1.000 persons stranded on rooftops
snd 1.000 more camped In the hills.
I don't know what happened to the
rest."
"Another cloudbursi hit west Tex.
ss yesterday at Lsmess, 300 miles
north of Uie Rio Grande. Some 40
families were evacuated and water
rose to rooftops In two resldenUsl
sections. But there was no report
ed loss of life.
Ike Asks Farm
Bill Support
WASHINGTON W President
Elsenhower plesded anew Wednes
day for congressional approval of
his flexible farm crop price sup
port program. He ssld Uist terrible
defects In the present system of
rigid, 90 per cent supports on basic
crops are damaging the farmers
and the country.
The rigid support system, Elsen
hower told his news conlcrcnce, is
causing excess producuon of foods
which slrcsdy sre In such great
surplus that Uie government hss
no place to store them.
If he could think of any way to
be more persuasive than he al
ready has tried to be on this Issue.
Elsenhower added, he would renew
urgently his pics tor a revised farm
program. But he said he had no
plans for a last-minute appeal to
the House.
He said the plan he has offered
was developed with the Idea ol
enacting the progrnm Uiat Is best
for Uie United States and tor the
farmers.
Elsenhower's comments came as
Uie House called up for debate a
bill to continue Uio present rigid
price props for another year. The
Senate Agrlculturo Committee
has recommended a similar plan.
o
LION IN A DEN OF BEAUTY Vern Owens, chairmen of the day, and guests of honor at the
Lions luncheon Tuesday at the Willsrd, (front row, from left I princesses, Jean Reinmiller, Mer
rill Marcia Wilson, Fort Klamath; Queen Darlene Winebarger, Butte Valley; Donna Anderson
Stover, Tulelake; (top row, same order) Beverly Scott, Malin; Nancy Gentry, Chiloquin; Liz
Sexton, Bonanza.
Man Trapped
Under Tractor
Leroy Glenger 24-year-old Basin
rancher, was recovering from leg
and body Injuries at Klamath Val
ley Hospital Wednesday after ly
ing trapped for two hours under an
over-turned tractor In the Spregue
River. The accident hsppened
Tuesday evening.
Fortunately, Uie vtcUm's head
wss sbove wster. He yelled al
most continuously until Herb Snell,
a neighboring rancher, wss st
trscted to the scene. He pulled
Olengcr from under the tractor.
During the two hours Glenger
wss trapped, Uie engine on the
tractor continued to function and
gasoline dripped on his body. He
said he fesred sparks from the
tractor engine would set his cloth
ing afire.
Glenger said the accident oc
curred while he was fording the
river with the tractor.
-r- - -f
Unions Eye
Pine Strike
PORTLAND ( The AFL Lum
ber and Sawmill Workers Union
will decide this week whether to
extend Its strike into Uie pine belt.
The policy committee of the CIO
International Woodworkers will
meet here Friday and since the
two unions have pledged mutual
aid In Uie strike, lt was thought
It would have Uie AFL decision
before lt. There was no hint.
though, of CIO officials' thinking
on Uie matter.
There are some struck pine
plants, but tor Uie most part the
strike, which became area wide on
June 21 In Uie unions' demand tor
a 12 l-j-cent hourlv pay boost, has
been conllned to fir.
Kenneth Davis, executive secre
tary of the AFL's Northwestern
Council, reported Uie possibility of
extending Uie strike.
Meanwhile, shippers here said
several ships have canceled Colum
bia River calls this week because
of lack of lumber cargoes.
Mefwest Millions Observe
Total Eclipse
By JOE F. KANE
Associated Press Staff Writer
Millions of Americans got up
early Wcdnesdny moming to
wntch one of nature's greatest
spectacles of the skies a total
eclipse of the sun.
Early risers in perfect weather
turned out In everything from pa-
Jamas mid dressing gowns to go-
lng-to-work clothes.
Root tops and high spots through
out Uie eclipse areas were crowded
with persons armed with a weird
assortment of eye protectors.
Although the total ecllpso covered
only a 10-mlle-wlde strip through
parts of five states as lt beaded
lor India, partial eclipses were
seen In most sections of the na
tion except In Uie West,
Following advance warnings
about watching Uie eclipse with
the naked eye, one St. Paul family
of four watched from a hilltop
through a basement window Uiat
had been completely smoked.
Others used welders' helmets.
strips of exposed and developed
film and sun glasses. At totality,
the spectacle could be viewed with
Uie naked eye.
Crowed stood awed during the
78 seconds of totality and greeted
the reappearance of the sun with
an audible long-drawn out "oh"
like a crowd after a tenso moment
In an athlctlo contest.
Some of the most spectacular
portions of the ecllpso could be
seen only by scientists and others
using; powerful telescopes.
One of the scientists who watched
the big celestial show Irom a plane
20,000 feet over the twin cities
area of Minneapolis and St. Paul
reported the sun belched a fiery
flash spectrum Just before totality
mm
OUT EARLY this morning was
Gloria Wall, 2747 Bisbea, who
had nothing but smiles for ths
9 o'clock shutter fiend.
Merchants'
Fun Week
THURSDAY JULY 1 two
p.m. merchant's wheelbarrow
race with Queen Darlene and
her princesses as ballast. Re
lay race starts on Second Street,
goes to Balslger Motor Com
pany. Thursday night 8-10
p.m. street dancing to Tommy
Oden's "Western Rhythm Mas
ters." Seventh Street between
Main and Pine. Everybody wel
come. Come dressed In Western
or old fashioned costumes.
Spectacle
was reached.
Hotel lobbies In Minneapolis and
St. Paul, In the total eclipse strip.
were alive with activity long be
fore Uie solar drama began at
4:27 a.m. (CST). Chartered buses
and streams of cars carried spec.
tators to high vantage points.
Television audiences across the
country watched the total eclipse
on programs fed to networks by
twin cities stations. Television
films made from planes were seen
later in the day.
Wcother conditions were greatly
varied around other sections of the
country where the eclipse was par
tial. Skies were clear at Kansas
City, cloudy at Detroit, clear at
Cliicngo and overcast in Rhode
Island, There was a drizzle at
Pittsburgh at the time of partial
eclipse and rain tell throughout
Connecticut,
. At Cleveland, the eclipse
amounted to two dawns because
of rain and an overcast. There
was a lightening, dusk aa the
eclipse advanced and then a clear
ing as lt passed.
Scientists hope observations be
ing made at various checkpoints
along the path of the ecllpso will
give thein more accurate mea
surements of distances along the
eartn s surface the exact width
of the Atlantto Ocean, for example.
These measurements, together
with others to be made in the fu
ture, also may help determine
whether as some scientists be
lieve continents are aiovlng, rel
ative to each other.
Observations also may reveal
more Information about the char
acter of the corona the brilliance
visible when the moon hides the
sun, and Its effects upon the earth.
Top Cowboy
Picks Bronc
World famous bronc has a rldert
Shortly before noon today Ross
Dollarhide, present world's cham
pion bulldogger and one c! the top
cowboys In America, agreed to
ride the disreputable Miss Klam
ath, a saddle bronc with a record
of no homers In her saddle. The
ride will be through the courtesy
of the Willsrd Hotel.
Mount and rider hail from the
same country and whether it
will be a help or a hinderance re
mains to be seen when the special
attracUoa gets underway at the
Monday, July S, show.
Dollarhide got his start in rodeo
riding in Lakeview: Miss Klamath
learned to bock in the Lakeview
country when she was owned by
Smoky Bishop. Her present own
era. Christens en Brothers, haven't
found rider' ytt who can make
ner target now. - -' '
Saddle bronc riding Is the classic
Tiding event of Uie rodeo, when
skills and thrills mix In the rapid
fire-rldlng event as cowboys try to
ride Uie hurricane deck of rough
and tough saddle broncs.
The ten second Tide aboard s
1200 to 1400 pound horse la no
picnic it's earning money the
herd way and so far it's been
Impossible to earn any money by
sticking in the saddle of the not-to-be-rldden
Miss K.
In order to win, the cowboy must
spur the horse to the satisfaction
of rodeo Judges; he cannot change
hands on Uie rein, touch the horse
or saddle with his free hand, lose
a stlrruD or his seating. Should Uie
cowboy buck off or otherwise fall
to ouallfv as a winner, he receives
only the memory of the applause
from the spectators for his efforts.
Riding any saddle bronc Is a
tough assignment; agreeingto
mount this queen of the cowboys
is a real challenge. The art ol
saddle bronc riding Is In anticipa
ting the gyrations of the horse and
getting in time with the motions.
Being the master of Uie saddle
bronc as the bucking horse goes
through a series of long leaps,
bounds and weaves in an effort to
unseat the rider Is an accomplish
ment that has long been admired
by the rodeo public. -
IT TAKES "know-how" to milk Guernsey bossy snd L. "Lens
Star" Van Sips, msyor ef Bonsnis In ths banana belt",
loped boms with ths honors In yesterday's cow milking eon
test In which msyert of Klamath Falls and turreundlna towns
psrticipstsd. Vsn Sips, weighing in st 145, (poundi of man),,
milksd two pounds ISVi ouneet of fluid in nothing fish
Communists
Give In To
Insurgents
By JACK RUTLEDGE
GUATEMALA ID The UghUnf .
was over Wednesday in Guatema
la's 12-day civil war, and the U.e).
Embassy balled the outcome as a
victory over Communism.
The new military regime called
on all civilians to surrender any
arms in their possession. It pre
pared for talks with Uie Anti
Communist insurgents on the fu
ture course of ths Central Ameri
can republic.
Col. Carlos Castillo Armas rebel
forces announced that a cease
fire would remain In effect pend
ing formal armistice negotiations.
Former President Jacobo Arbens
Guzman was reported to have
taken refuge In Uie Mexican em
bassy here, along with Commun
ist and left-wing leaders who bad
supported hla regime.
Col. EUego Monzon, the leader
of the new Junta, called on all
persons to surrender their arms
or face severe punishment Ths
Arbenz government wss aald to
have distributed arms to farmers
and workers prior to his ouster so
Sunday.
(In Washington President Elsen
hower said lt would be deceitful If
he tried to hide his pleasure over
the ouster of the Communists sad
their supporters In Guatemala.)
A delegation of negotiators from
Guatemala was expected lo leave
Wednesday for neighboring El Sal
vador to bold talks with Castillo
Armas both on details of an arms-
lstlce and a new government for
Guatemala. 1 '
- The cease-fire was accomplished
with the military regime hers or
dering Its troops Sot to firs oa
rebel planes or troops. Rebel
forces received similar word later.
Arrests of . Communists contin
ued. Large crowds gathered la
front of the Mexican amhsasy
where many Reds bad takes re
luge. A heavy guard was posted .
to prevent any violence.
It looked as though Monzon sad
Castillo Armas would Jotn in an
other new governing Junta, vtta)
the latter powerful enough to dic
tate the terms.
Rodeo Rules
Announced
The rodeo assoelaUoa. trait morn-ma-
announced rules for- tbe shows
pertinent to local cowboys. .
The cutting; boras contest wtf as
open to Klamath Baam horses
only. (Klamath Basin Incladeat
Butte Valley and Tulelaks as wen
as the-whole of Klamath County.)
Local contestants tn any of tns
rodeo events do not have to be a,
member of Uie RCA, according to
Uie association anrjouncemenl. Any
local cowboy may enter any pro
fessional event or events by show
ing a Klamath Basin Post Office
address or driver's license.
The Klamath Bastn Roundup as
advertised as an open show.
Storm Causes
Three Fires i
An electrical storm that struck
surrounding mountains early this
moming caused three fires, accord
ing to Klamath Forest Protective
Association officials. -
The storm described ss "hot"
but of short duration, caused two
blazes on Bly Mountain and ens
at the north end of Swan Lake
Valley.
The Swan Lake fire waa con
trolled early this moming and
crews from KFPA were dispatched
to the Bly Mountain fires.