TUESDAY, MAY lfl, 1054
Segregation Rule
Confronts South
By IKd'fll AS II. COHNM.L
WAMilNOTON 11-A momentous
Hupreme Cuurt edict, that sriire
nation n( Nnuro ml whlla children
In public schools la unconstllullon
til, ccmlroiiDHl Uio Hnuth mid Bor
der slates ludny with vast social
anil economic problrmi.
Hut an actual eiut to scKreiiitlon
null la months and perhaps years
away.
There were thong who unlet It
wnuld never come that by one
device or another the South would
not around the Supreme Court de
clalon. Hilt other predicted a
peaceful, II miiilunl, compliance.
'Ilie cuurt declared unanimously
yesterday that sPitreKallun "solely
in the bulla of race" vlolalea the
Cuivtlltullon, reunrdleaa ot whether
achooli tor Neuroea appear to be
ai Rood as those (or whiten,
Tho court aald aevrenatioii ol
llxell deprlvca Negro children ol
equal opporlunltlen.
The Justices teinred the Im
pact ol their ruling by holillim ell
a lormul decree to put the declnlon
Into ellect. Mom arijUineiim were
ordered lur next (all on now and
when tho declnlon ahould bo car
ried out.
t'OMI'll.NOItV
Ha. prennhiK down on the 11
Southern and Uorder atulea where
aesTrsjailon In compulaory are
welilhly problemn ol remodeling
o h o o I nyntemn, reorganising
achool dlntrlcta, readjusting and
reassigning trachcrn, changing
achool bun routea and building
more echooln.
If noma alatea or cominunltlea
or achool districts aliould balk at
complying- wltli ilia- Supreme
Courl'a ruling, more legal tangles
would be In prospect. Associate
Justice Jackxon has predicted
enerallon ot litigation."
(trnalorn Hparkman D-Ala and
Holland ID-rial aald II may be
yearn before achool argrcgiitlon
rnda In the South.
The atalra nio.il directly affected
art Alabama. Arkanaa'n, Delaware,
l lurldn. Oeorvla. Kentucky, Louis
iana, Maryland, Mississippi, Mis
souri, North Carolina, Oklahoma.
Houth Carolina, Tcruiennee, Texas,
Virginia and Went Virginia plus
the District of Columbia. Some
thing like two thirds ol the na
tion s Negroes live In the 11 atatea.
Three other slates New Mexico.
Wyoming and Kanaas permit but
do not require segregation. The
Bupreme Court ruling aftecia them
loo.
DM'IHION.
For purpows ot yesterday- de
cision, canes Involving Delaware.
Ksruan, South Carolina, Virginia
rnd Uie District ol Columbia were
lumped logriher In argumenu that
liegan In 1953 and were repealed
last December.
rlegregatlon In Uie nchools was
the one big Issue at tills term ol
touit. And when the decision
enme, reaction ran the range Irom
mild to acid, within Congress and
within the states Involved.
Oov. James P. Byrnes of mtlh
Carolina, a former Bupreme urt
justice, said he was ahocked by
Uie decision but urged "all our
people, white and colored, to ex.
ercl.ie restraint and preserve or
or" until the Una! Supremo Court
degree on mechanics. Then, he
aald, It will be up to the Slate
Legislature to fix tho course for
South Carolina.
Some Northerners hailed the de
cision as sound and a triumph lor
democracy. ,
In the South, there were tome
who urged caution, patience and
moderation. Others look the rul
ing grudgingly or even bitterly.
Hnld Sen. Eastland (D-Mlsa);
"The South will not abide by nor
obey una legislative decision by
a political court. ... Wo will take
whatever steps are necessary to
retain segregation In education."
SOUTIIKKN HKACTION
Rep. Wlnslcad (D-Mlsa) called
It a "tragic ruling" but not too
surprising In view ot "the caliber
of men" on the court. Sen, Russell
KLAMATH FALLS
Nite Only at 8 p.m. A Aft. i Nite A A
FRI. MAY 21 PAT. MAY 22
Twice Dally J t.M. and I P.M.
Dears Oae 1 P.M. a-a 7 P.M. Papular Prices
BIG FREE STREET PARADE SATURDAY AT NOON
SPONSORED IT JR. CHAMIER OF COMMERCE
PHI
General Admlula A Reserve Chair
"ly at MiCmkay Drut Corner 7th
ADVANCE TICKETS ON SALE NOW
LEO'S CAMERA SHOP 836 MAIN
or thru any of tht Klamath Falls Jayctti
lU-Oa), aald the court has become
a "pliant tool" ol the executive
branch of Uie government, t'lhe
Elsenhower administration, aa did
t. Tru.iti.,1 ,l,iilnlntrBllfiii before
It, had urged the court to outlaw
segregation.) The decision, nunneu
id. wan a "flagrant abuse ol
judicial power."
. All the prencnl court members
.ni rMi.i .Iiiniica Warren wero
appointed In the Franklin D. lioon.
event and Truman admlnlntrntlons.
Oov. Herman Tulmadge of
Oeorgln nnld the declnlon made
the Constitution a scrap of paper,
"blatantly Ignored nil law and
precedent." unurped from Con
......... Hn( ii,m tmniilf. the nower
to change the Constitution and
Irom Congress me power io mo
i.u.m ,irf mined "a arave ques
tion 'aa to Uie tuturo course ol
thin nation."
u... u... Mntnnhrnv iD.MIIini
iaitdi.il the decision an "another
in it. rr.ru.Mrii march of denv
wr.rv. " Hen. Keating' Ill-NY)
caneu iv m.uM.
Thurgood Marshall, New York
Ntgro who was special counsel lor
ihn M.io.nni Assn. lor the Ad
vancement of Colored People
INAACl'l in the aegrcgauou man
liienls belore Uio Supreme Court.
it,, immii will abide by
the decision and "tho people will
gel together lor the llrat lime and
woik mis tiling oui.
u.urnuvna
Souih Carolina. Georgia and
Mlwlsslppl already nave iuc
uMin.rtf timneuvera toward
. ihMlr nnhllR school syn-
terns as they now exist. In antic
ipation 01 uie nuprciii.
IUJi!'g' u.. k..n i.iir in the South
IIICIV urn .-. - ;
of pulling whit children In schools
run by churches, educational foun-
nriuau. individuals or
unviu.M W.
organisations, with the stales put
ting up Uie money ior tiiu,.o.
or for paymenla to parents who
would paaa It on to Uie nchools.
Some statea havo apenl large
sums In attempt to provide
...Au fnv Nurnea on a par with
I those lor whites. In hopes Uio Su
preme court wouio iww ij
doctrine, thsl ncparato but equal
lacilltles aro constitutional,
-rsh.t ikM rmtrt reluned - to do
The 'crux ol Ita decision, In an
. i,i mA rn hv Chief
opinion " i... .. -r .
Justice Warren lor himself and
the eight omer Justices, waa nun.
We come then to the question
. nn ii-iireDaLlon ol
HDnIIH.U. "
t-nHr. in nubile schools solely
on the bsnls ol race, even though
the physlcsl laciiiuca ana ouici
'tangible .actors may m "i
ri.nriua the children of the mtnprl1
ly group of equal educational op-
nnrlunlLlesT we ociieve
does."
RKrKRKNCK
. ujHh Mriiettlftr reference to NO
gro children In grade and high
schools, warren aaio;
"To separate them Irom others
r l.llr o mnA niiallf ICailOllS
solely because of their raco gen
erates a leenng 01 imcrioriiy as
to their autua In tho community
that may alfect their heart and
minds in a way unlikely ever to
be undone."
. MimVesmnn for the NAACP
said the courl'a language clears
Uie way for legal aiiacas on seg
regation In .other tax-supported
areas like hospitals, public
beaches, itat parka and housing
projects.
Specllloally, the court held that:
Acid Stomach?
Get TUMS Quick!
Top-speed raltiTores, heartburn,
arid indiaanion. Jrtsrf""
mm rot mi ruauar
FAIR GROUNDS
Tickets On Sale "Circus Days
t Mai St., a.m. ta I a.m.
THESE ARE THE WINNERS of lh two $1200 icholartfiipi,
awordod to children of employei of fht Weyerhaeuier Timber
Company and tubildiariei. Loft Myron Robert Hurlburt, 17,
Henley High ichool tenior and right, George LRoy Knight,
17, KUHS tenior. Tho two tcholarthipi war among 10 given
in tht entire nation. Both boyi will go to Oregon Stat College
and both will study tngineering.
1 . Segregation violates the
"equal protection lava guaranteed
by the 14th Amendment" to Uie
Constitution. This amendment wns
ndopteil after the Civil War to pro
tect tho rlRht of freed slaves.
2. So far as schools arc con
cerned, the "separate but equal"
doctrine laid down by the Supreme
Court In 18Ufl with respect to trans
portation does not apply. In this
doctrine, the court decided there
waa no violation pi the Constitu
tion In segregating a Negro on a
train so long as he hsd accom
modations equal to those lor
whites. . .
DOCTRINE
Attorneys for Uie atates Involved
In tho seRrcgallon caaea contended
the court should apply the "dep-
arate but equal ' doctrine to the
public schools.
But In language that appeared
to cover universities and colleges
supported by Uie atates, as well
aa grade and high achools, yes
terdays opinion said:
, "We conclude that In Uie Held
of public education the doctrine
of 'separate but equal' has no
place.
3. Segregation .In Uie District ol
Columbia schools Imposes on Ne
gro children "a burden that con
stitutes an arbitrary deprivation
of their liberty In violation of the
due process clause" of the Filth
Amendment lo the Constitution.
Till amendment aava all per
sons In court cases Involving feder
al matters shall have the right of
due process of law. The District of
Columbia Is under federal super
vision and Congress mskes Its
lawa. . ,
In considering the aegregatlnn
Issue. Uie Supreme Court said, "we
cannot turn the clock back" to
168 and the 14th Amendment nor
to IBM and the "aeparate but
7 Altamont Camp
Now Open For Inspection
No Bids Accepted After June 1st
Buyer
SUBMIT BIDS ACCORDING TO NUMBER ON BUILDINGS
HOUSE MOVERS May Submit bids for Approximate Cost of Mov
ing Buildings for Prospective Buyers.
Enclose Name - Address and Ph. Number
Mail
IIERALD AND NEWS. KLAMATH FALLS. OREGON
equal" doctrine. The decision, It
said, could not turn, either, on a
mere comparison ol such tangible
lactora as buildings, curricula,
qualification and teachers' salar
ies. "We must consider public educa.
lion," the opinion said, "In the
light of Its full development and
Its present place In American life
throughout the nation.".
That, the court ssld. Is the only
way to determine whether segre
gation In the schools deprives the
Negro plaintiffs of equal protec
tion of the laws.
"Today." the court declared,
"education la perhaps the most
important function of state and
local governments ... It Is re
quired In the performance of cur
most basic public responsibilities
. . .It Is the very foundation ol
good citizenship ... -
"In these days, It Is doubtful
that any child may reasonably be
expected to succeed In Uie It he Is
denied the opportunity ol an educa
tion. Such an opportunity, where
the state has undertaken to pro
vide It, Is a right which must be
made available to all on equal
terms."
tnjoy health, mt, comfort end hotertoi,t
omMm pleotwtf turroofMJintJt. Cmplthf
rwnrttwd StepnO and HoiMkMpintj
Cabmt. with all modem tocllif-ti.
HOT MINIMAL Bm4 MUD IATHS
lee lUiMMtrtton, ArthrMtt, Neurit., 0
tctatka, Nerwitte
CARSON OIOXIOI VAPOR IATHS
Aft rtf ft Icietut, Umt, Vktm lrtt
tttlM, Hit tnt U RlttJ Prttwrti
"Tour Health H Our BuiintM"
Fee RetervttltM tM faftrfitteiiMrtet
mUmmi Mineral It-rim. Rt. 1, A!,
Ortfon k rtterte Umj Obtante,
Of. Herrnon Wmlri, O tree tot ,
Chiropractic PhytlciM
01
Must Remove Building Within
Bids to Town-Country Shopping Center '
Box 858 co Herald & News
Social Security
Manager Reminds
Student Workers
School vacation time la close at
hand and Everett Eaton, manager
of Uie local aoclal aecurlty olflec,
reminda students who expect to
work this summer, that now la the
time to make sure they have
social security account number
card. ,'
Eaton points out that most em.
ployera Insist that each new em.
ploye ahow bis social aecurlty
card belore he starts to work, so
that failure to have your card may
Jeopardize your chance of obtain.
Ing uie Job you are looking lor.
Since most Jobs 'In this area, ex
cept seasonal farm work, are now
covered by Uie Social Security Act.
your employer will deduct the 3 per
cent social security tax from your
earnings and forward it to the gov
ernment with his contribution In
the same amount. However, Eaton
stated, If your employer does no'.
have your correct social security
number your wages cannot be cred
ited to your social security account.
Eaton advises students to lorm
the habit ol showing their, social
security card to their employers
Uie first dsy they go to work: this
practice will insure that their ao
clal security account will be cor
rect when a claim for benefits Is
filed In the future. Applications for
social security cards may be ob
tained from Uie local ofllco a
Room 306, In the post olflce. If you
have lost your card be sure to ap
ply for a duplicate card as you
Nominate
Tom
for
County Commissioner
1 Equitable adminit-
tration of tht county
. . road program.
p Efficient expenditure
m of county tax mon
ies. .
3 Support- of local
buying.
VOTE
FRIDAY!
" I.
Building
Academy Plans
Sacred Heart Academy Alumni
Association will hold Its annual
Alumnl-Senlor Banquet Thursday,
May 2(1, at 6:30 p.m. In the gym
nasium.
Honored guests wlll.be the grad
uating class and members ol the
class of 1929 who this spring are
celebrating their silver anniver
sary aa graduates.
Featured speaker of the evening
will be Walter P. Hannon, formerly
of Klamath Falls and now of Eu
gene, one of the first graduates
Irom BHA with the class ol 1923.
Bernard Cavenaugh will be toast-
master.
Alumni may take guests to the
should have only one account num
ber during your lifetime. The card
however, will be replaced as often
as necesssry.
O'H AIR'S
Memorial Chapel
UNIIUL SKVICB
FOR ALL INCOMIS
- NON-DENOMINATIONAL
SERVING ALL RELIGIONS
Klamath Falls
34!
Smith
TOM SMITH .
Pa. Adv. by Tern Smith
s
30 Days
with each bid
Alumni Meet
dinner and dance following. Seniors
will have aa their guest their par
ents. The remaining students of ths
high school and the eighth graders
will also be present.
Tho Lay-A-Brlck Committee will
prepare and serve the meal. Music
for the formal dance following will
bo Baldy's Band.
Oraduates are urged to complete
their reservations Immediately by
Children's
A FEW OF THE OUTSTANDING STYLES
FROM TOTS-TO-TEENS. . . KEEF THEIR
FEET COOL AND COMFORTABLE WITH A PAIR
OF THESE PRACTICAL AND STURDY SANDALS . . .
"Washoble"
U.S. and Hood wash
able canvas shoes . . .
with the famous "Pos
' ture Arch" . . . lots of
colors . . . sixes fi to
misses 3 . . . Ties or
straps . . .
r
"Straps
Lots of straps that
little girls lov . . .
white leather . . . snug
fitting heels.
2$o
to
A98
i LMn . TOTS-f
i - "T-Strrrn"
"Two-Strop"
Adjustable straps as- R 2?75?TeTr , .3
sure perfect fit for all Jt jrw.&i&Z
widths ... 3 colors ... IvfcN. 5Hy
very good leather; ' ffftsSvX Iv
"Misses"
PAGE SEVEN
calling Mrs. Hal Oelger, 6101, or
Airs. Honiara uavanaugn, sooa.
OtIIMlM
ffM f
vary m4
Play . . ;
IT'S TIMI
FOR SUMMM FLAY
SHOES . . . AND HIRI ARC
"Sandals
Red . . . White ... or
Tan . , . Adjustable
atraps . . . sizes 2 to 12
. . . Long-wearing sole.
2o
3n
"Vagabond"
The perennial favorite
for summer wear . .
red . . . white or taa
. . . sturdy and practi
cal. lira
Another favorite ...
th very popular T , . .
one of th best fitting
sandals made ...
Sling styles for th 12 .
to 3 size range . , . pat
terned after "Big Sis
ter's" ... 3 colors . , .
o-TEENS shoP
fpff