TUESDAY. JUNE 23, 1953
HERALD & NEWS. KLAMATH FALLS. OREGON
PACE TT
.-.' ....
1
HEADQUARTERS' at Fort May,, former cavalry 'home.'
Cavalry's Home, Fort Riley
Boasts 33 Horses Only
FORT RILEV; Kas. This his
toric Army fort. eataMishea an
outpost w prolect Mttlcre and
wagon tram agaltut til Indians,
will celebrate 100 year Of service
to the nation June 2MI.;-.' -..t
Known as the "Mont of the 0v
airy" untU well Into World War
Banker Urges
Foreign Trade '
EUGENE MV-The tfnlted (Hate
, must open its doors to' mere foreign
goods, the president of the Ameri
can Bankers Association said , here
Monday. ; -
W. Harold Brenton.'Des Moines,'
5 told the , opening session of the,
'. Oregon Bankers Association meet
, ing that : peace can be attained
.- only by letting in more imports. .
"Trade barriers such as tariffs,
; custom procedures and the Buy
America, act. should be adjusted, to
allow mar foreign goods into our
mantels. .1 rvupiv annum iiuw
to acquaint hemselve with "the
pros and cons. . . They snould mane
the decision of whether we reduce
, trade barriersor whether we wish
foreign aid to remain as' a fixed
charge against our government,"
. he said..- . ,
On the domestic scene he said
interest rates had increased re-
' cently because supply and demand
are at-work airain.
"The fact that, Interest fate have
worked up means a more stable
America 1 in Um maktnav High
interest rale are an antidote for.
, excessive . dollar demand and are
healthy in correcting our expan-
' lon," Brenton told the 100 dels-
gates from Oregon banks. - .
foe's Pledge For Heir Farm Program Moves Toward Test
H, Fort Riley plans a parnde and
pageant designed to show the long
history Or the post, military dis
plays, (now ana polo games.
With the horse a. thing 01 the
past on meat battle fronts, the
fort no' longer echoes to the thun
der of drumming hooves and the
clashing of sabres, but it still has!
a lormer cavalry norses, ouw Hon
erably retired and takthSr it easy,
all are more than .80 years old.
The post," established. June 27,
1863, brokdehed its actlvltes in
both World W.is I and In 191
thousands of men Were trained at
sprawling Clamp FUnatoh, In World
War n, Camp Funsten and its
tompeuliofi camp, t h e Cavalry
Replacement Training Center, sent
fighting men to the far corners of
the world. ' - 1
v Today " the 63,000-acre reserva
tion Is the home of the Army Gen
eral. School;, the Tenth Infantry
Division, a basic "training unit;
Camp Whltslde, ah Army hospital:
Marshall Field, the military air
port; and the former CRTC, now
Camp Forsyth, home of an Officer
Candidate School, separation cen
ter and smaller military schools,
-Fort Riley boasts that many of
her sons have written their names
high on the nation's roll of honor.
Gens. Robert E. Lee anil J.E.B.
Stuart were at Riley before the
Civil War. One of the fort's widely
known -officers was Gen. George
A. Custer, Who lost his life in
the battle Of the Little Big Horn.
In World War I another cavalry-
man, Gen. John J. -Persuing, led
the Allied forces to vistory. In
World Wat1 U, cavalrymen distin
guished themselves on many
fronts. ' den. Jonathan M." Wain
wright Ulreoted the. gallant defense
of Bataan and Corregldor in the
Philippines, - In Europe, Gen,
George- Fatton led his armored
(Editor's Note: A Bear civil war
1 shaping up, and yon have a stake
la it whether yo lire an a farm
r in the city. It's the battle over
farm prices, productions, support!,
all of which touches your dally
life If you eat and most people
e. In this first of four articles,
two veteran AP writers survey the
farm picture from every ancle.)
: By OVID MARTIN " '
, and DON WHITEHEAD '
WASHINGTON Wl-A bitter
struggle in America's farm world
today is moving toward a supreme
test of President Eisenhower's
campaign pledge to give farmers
a new agriculture program.
The fight is being waged from
the grassroots of the farms to the
halls of Congress with make-or-break
Intensity. The final decision
will come next year when Con
gress must extend or revise the
present laws governing the irm
program. 1 ;
The fight revolves arouna the
federal government's program of
nigh-and rliild price support lor
the basic crops of wheat, .Corn,
cotton, tobacco, rice and peanuts.
This program evolved during , SO
years of Democratic administra
tion. ." ' " ,.- i', ; I
DON'T UKK SURPLUSES 1
But thd Elsenhower forcea-led
by secretary of Agriculture Hera
Tift Benson Want to revise ft be
cause they are. convinced high and
rigid price props encourage the
production of huge surpluses, pro
mote wasteful farm practice, and
price products out : of markets,
particularly foreign markets.
Beyond the price support dis
pute lies a broader and more fun
damental issue. It is whether there
Will be a change of direction in
the entire philosophy of the federal
government's role in aid to farm
ers. ;
Both sides In the controversy
have the same ' announced goal:
greater -prosperity for the farmer.
The differences arise over v their
methods. . :. . , i'
METHODS' DIFFER ' 'i
' On the one side, the Elsenhower
administration and Its .supporters
say there must be ,a change in
the basic approach to prosperity
for the. farmer. In its simplest
terms, the Benson philosophy holds
the farmer' should rely more on
his own gobd sense and business
ability and less on government
subsidy to realize a truly sound
farm .economy. It la argued that
the trend has been more and more
toward eovernment controls end
that this trend inevitably Wilt lad
to complete government domina
tion "of the farm economy, , v . ;
FARMERS LIKE IT' . i
: on the other side,: opponents
Claim the high support program
was ' built up carefully over the
years oy com itepuoucans ana
Democrats and reflects what the
farmer thinks is best for himself
and the consumer. They -py it
has worked well, with some ex
ceptions, and argue that tne term
er Is entitled to government help
in achieving a fair Income. They
assail the Eisenhower-Benson phil
osophy as a threat to economic
gains made by the farmers since
the black days of the depression.
Bath sides believe In the use of
price supports as a. device to help
the farmer.- This method of bol
stering farm Income has become
accepted as a way of life in the
agricultural world. It is agreed
that in the interest' of a sound
national economy the federal gov
ernment must guarantee the farm,
er the equivalent of a minimum
wage for bis production. The trou
ble arises over bow far, this sup
port should go and how It will be
used..,:- . .-. t ' ' ;. -f
SUPPORT PLAN OLD
Present' devices to support or
-1 ftt-m Inmma ttrrtvj bV
gradual ; stages out of the farm
This was a time much like the
ft resentr-when prices sagget after
being neid to nign jevew hjt
economy, men me expvrv hwiu
fell off drastically. Farmers lound
(hnnuplves in deep trouble -
Finally agriculture appealed to
th. .fAfiAroi - irAvernmenL iur ueiu-
Congress was sympathetic. Farm
aid legislation passed both houses
ht was vetoed by Pretdent Cool-
idae and Hoover felt It wasn't
proper for the government to be
come Involved In the farmer' .eco
nomic operations. ,
- Then came-me imanciai uuti ui
the early 30's and the Democratic
victories that gave birth to the
New Deal. '.-rr
U.S. HAD DUTY " - .
Tho -Henr Seal shllosophy. was
that the government had a duty to
help the-farmers nchteve prices
which would bring them a fair
Income ui relation to other parts
Of the nation's1 economy. Federal
frm U nroarams were set up.
For the first time, 'these pro
grams - established a standard lor
farm prices known a parity. This
was an effort to .relate prices to
purchasing power so that a farmer
would have a fair ' return for his
labor.
Legislation didn't try to push
ALL HAIR $1 i
CUTS I
CLIM'S BIG Y ;
BARIER SHOf
Merrill Ukeview Junille
NEW
TRAILER HOMES
" Anencv for ;
SPARTANPOHTIAC 1
CLIPPER
NOW ON DISPLAY
Balsiger Motor Co.
Mala at Esalanada Klamath Falls
prices up to parity level by fixed
prices. It attempted to achieve
production, plowing under cotton
and killing pigs. The Idea was
that reduced supplies would mean
auiomatio increases in prices. One
device was to pay farmers a rent
al on land that, was kept out of
farm production.
PUBLIC REVOLTED ' ,
But farmers and public revolted
against these practices. The Idea
of dellbera..ly . destroying . food
when.- there was hunger in the
world was an unpopular approach.
Finally there was evolved more
direct devices for supporting or
su-enguieiung prices. Congress de
cided that the crops designated
as basic wheat, . corn, cotton,
ruse, tobacco and peanuts must
be supported at 90 per cent of
parity. :.
The secretary of aarlcuituro was
given authority to fix the per n
tage of parity at which other com
modities would be supported but
ne Bad no choice On the basics.
ints' support device included the
practice of making loans to farm
ers on those portions of their crops
wmch tney neid off the market.
SURPLUSES PILE UP : ' -'
But under this program huge
surpluses are piling up. There are
around 600 million bushels of wheat
already stored in bins, warehouses,
elevators, . and even old liberty
ships. The corn surplus runs about
dOu million bushels.
Tons of butter are In storage,
and there are surpluses in other
commodities.
This abundance for which there
la no ready market Is a real head
ache.. Some aee it as a threat to
the entire farm program if ever
the general publio should rebel
against paying farmers for produc
ing crops which have little chance
of being sold In the open market.
Here is where the Elsenhower
Benson argument wins perhaps Its
strongest support. It lent likely that
any program would survive If It
became unpopular with the public.
INCOME DECLINES . , . ' .
But even - with last . year's reeH
ord farm production, the farmer
has been realizing less and less
or ms enort. The reason la that
while farm prices have fallen in
the past two - years,. Um cash ex
penses of the farmer have Increased
In addition, the foreura market
for American farm products has
slipped from a high of four billion
dollars last year to an estimated
tnree ouiion wis year. -
Eisenhower pledged in his cam
paign to help farmers obtain in)
per cent of parity "to the market
Place." He didn't say It would be
done with price supports or sub
sidies- and he gave no details on
how this goal would be reach-d.
But it was a pledge that neither
farmer nor politicians are apt to
forget. , t ..
: What ' remains to be seen is
whether Congress will (to along
las jnk s-imm ir
tkH - irt t tkr
wtit. en! a ( -rtoaa,
BcaUl sir
hM sua.
LOUIS R. MANN PIANO CO.
US N.7rh .-' ' . 1
Heamwaa1 Ofgaa - Cheef Organ
with the Elsenhower-Benson pro
gram when it finally 1 hammered
into speclflo recommendations.
Tomorrow: Where ebt "fti
Three" . farm - ormnleaiinM
in (he farm world civil way.
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- Sine 1945. we've nearly doubled the number of telephone at work in Eureka - key city of California $ Umbewich Humboldt Counfy .
WHAT 3 MILLION DOLLARS BOUGHT IN EUREKA
!r this Pscjfic pert - and in hundrsds of Wsstsri tovns 'ie ynnr - tji? tslsjthons hss srown fss!
1 Spectacular redwood forest and thriving dairy, ship
ping and fishing industries are among the reason why
businesses and people have been flocking to Eureka in
recent years. The population is one and a half times what
i t was in 1940 and the city's income has soared. Thu
amazing growth meant that the telephone had to grow,
- fast, too. to keep pace with Eureka's demands for service
And to meet the challenge we've grown faster than ever
before in our history
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8 We're still growing in Eureka. Since the war we
added three, million dollars to, our investment in tete-
. phone facilities in Eureka - nearly three timea the foul
investment in the city's telephone system in 1946' And
as Eureka keeps growing, we'll keep growing provid
ing mors facilities, serving more people carrying mere
; calls in Eureka and in your tow n, too.
2. Bringing dial telephones to Eureka last year-at
cost of $1300,000-was only one phase of our huge con
struction program. This conversion affected more than
U .QOO telephones, about 5,000 more than were at work
in Eureka in 1945. These new telephones make all Eureka
telephones more useful and valuable. For a Eureka cue. '
torner can get in touch with more of his neighbor
more can call him. .. .
Pacific Telephone
$436 for each telephone added
since World War II
There' s surprising amount of money tied up '
is the facilities added to serve each telephone
' an average of $436 per telephone we serve in
the Pacific West. That's more than double what
' it was for the prewar period. Yet yov use this
valuable equipment to carry your messages for
only pennies a call,
YOUR TElf PHONE IS ONE Of
TODAY'S BEST BARGAINS
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