PACE TWO
HERALD AND NEWS. KLAMATH FALLS. OREGON
Saturday, july 9, 194
Congressmen Catching On
That They Can't Make HST
Give Up Confidential Data
Oregon Cities Get
Magazine Write-Ups
Two Oregon localities have re
reived nationwide publicity recent
ly In two of the lending magasincs
of the United States.
The Saturtrar Evening Post pub
lished an article In the latest IsMie
by Paul Hnsmrr describing the
ascent of Mount Washington by
the author and party of rltnihers
Im-ludrd In the group as Rob
ert Sawyer of the Bend Hullrtm
Enterprise, aim got ll -.hate of
publicity In a story by Kit-hard U
Neuuerger tilled "My rorile
Town . . .". Thia waa published bv
the Ford Times, house organ for
( tlie Kord Motor company.
Want Ads phoned to Sill before
11:30 a. m. appear the sain day!
WAR KIMM
MANILA. July 9 dl The VK
naya llrst postwar combat es
erctsrs in the Philippines will oe
staged July IS-? bv a squadron
of destroyer and the submarine
tjueenfuh, the navy announced to
day. The destroyers are the Rupertus,
MaMin. Isvell. Tucker, Perkins,
Duncan and Bluebird.
WA3H1NOTON Congressmen
have been alow to catch on that
they can t make the president or
his lieutenants give them informa
tion he doesn't think sould be made
public.
One of the most familiar headlines
of recent years reads: "Congress
Committee Demands Confidential
Data." Usually It involves material
Investigation was that of the FBI
letter to the secretary of commerce
regarding a loyalty check on Dr.
Edward V. Condon, director of the
bureau of standards.
A few weeks ago the senate sub
committee on immigration demand
ed that the Justice department pro
duce its files on 168 persons, most
of whom were connected with the
United Nations and foreign govern
ments. The attorney general de
clined to deliver the files. He
agreed, however, to reply to certain
questions about the 168 person and
the committee accepted the com
promise. The argument started when
George Washington was president.
Seventeen president haw had to
thrash out the matter with their
congresses. Every one of them won.
Congress has never forced the Issue
once a president has taken a deter
minded stand.
At the heart of the question Is
the doctrine of the supremacy of
the three branches of the federal
government In their own fields.
None can give orders to the others
In matters which the constitution,
the laws or legal precedent leave to
the others' discretion. The long es
tablished principle is that the presi
dent can withhold from congress
any information If publication. In
his opinion, would te contrary to
the public Interest.
Congressmen debating the Issue
have often a.-Jted: "Why should the
president be the sole Judge of what
should or should not be made pub
lic?" Senator McKellar (D.-TennJ
violently objected when In 19S0 Pre
sident Hoover refused to furnish the
senate with various data concerning
the drafting of the London Naval
Treaty in 1930. His point was that
the senate and president were part
ners in the treaty-making process,
and pertinent documents were the
Joint property of the two partners.
The argument on the other aide has
been that the president is the only
feasible person to make the de
cision. If congress were to insist on
reading; the material and then
learned that its release had dam-1
ared the public interest, the harm
would have been done.
What can compel a president to
produce documents he thinks ought !
to be kept secret? Political scien- I
Usts see no practicable way of doing i
It. The courts can't force the presi
dent to exercise his Judgment one
way or another. The only thing con
gress could do would be to Impeach
him and to the experts that idea is
politically inconceivable. Strong
public opinion would be aroused on
behalf of a chief executive pilloried
In his fight to prevent the release
of information he believed would In
jure the nation.
Suppose congress should manage
to impeach and have imprisoned
for contempt a department head
who had refused its demands? The
president could Immediately pardon
him. for the pardoning power is un
restricted. Nevertheless, the issue
has been raised ever more frequent
ly in recent years. The nation has
hever before bad so many secrets
It wished to. guard, such as the
atomic energy program and the far
reaching FBI investigations of com
munist spy activities.
President Franklin D. Roosevelt
repeatedly came to trips with con
gress on the issue between 19-11 and
1044. The battles were mostly over I
FBI reports and the records of the
federal communications commls-1
islon. Mr. Roosevelt finally had the
controversial FCC records trans
ferred to the White House files so
that congress would have to call on
him personally to produce them.
This was a device that President
Theodore Roosevelt used. The sen
ate In 1909 tried to force the head
of the bureau of corporations to
hand over certain documents relat
ing to an antl-lrust case. The long
struggle over the matter ended when
TR ordered the bureau chief to
hand the documents to him for safe
keeping. President Truman took the
same action in the Condon case.
directing the secretary of com-
mere to send the disputed FBI let- !
ler to the White House files.
In many of the disputes presidents
were seeking to preserve the sec
recy of foreign relations. It was
such an issue that George Washing
ton faced in 1796 when the house
requested him to give certain Inside
information concerning the negotia- j
Uon of the Jay Treaty, establishing
peace with England.
Last Day? "Prince of the Plains" and "Duke of Chicago'
Arms Aid
Bill Said
'Too Big'
WASHINGTON. July 9 iV-Senator
Dulles IR-N.Y.I today called
the administration's proposed
l,13.909.009 program to re-arm
western Europe "too big."
Sworn in yesterday as a successor
U Democratic Senator Robert F.
Wagner, Dalles told reporters be
Intends to speak next week in be
half of the North Atlantic security
treaty, which he helped draft.
He said he also will support the
proposal expected to be sent to
congress as soon as the senate com
pletes action on the tresty next
week to help psct signers rebuild
military defenses.
But the new senator said he
doesnt now believe that any 81.130.
000.000 outlay, proposed for the first
year, ought to be involved.
-The effect of the procrmsa is
largely psychological.' be said. "We
cannot awild as armies in Europe
In leas than five years that would
stop a determined aggressor. Bat
we need to help strengthen some
defenses in strategic places."
Dulles said that Secretary of
State Acheson had agreed to fur
rush a breakdown on the proposed
operations of the arms program. He
added that be would reserve his
flnsl decision on the amount in
volved until after he has studied
this report.
The New York senator also dis
puted the contention of Senator
Tift (R-Ohisl that the part and
the arms program are so linked that
a vote for ratification of the treaty
commits a senator to support th
military proposal.
Taft told reporters he may vote
against the pact for that reason,
although he ssid he had not finally
made up his mind.
COOLED OFF
BAN ANTONIO. Tex.. July P
Lewis Harris of the San Antonio
Express dashed into a burning
building last night and turned on
the light. He wanted to see the fire
better.
He saw It.
He didn't see the stresm of water
from a fireman's hose. It smacked
him from behind and cooled his
enthusiasm for his hot story.
111 sJfcrrs'-V-.- f - i J'rS,rJ
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"Smugglers Covtt" and "Lightning Carton Ridet" Endi Tonlgr.lt
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WLsm W$ :
JK4 Mnfn-J SVjjTi wXXjk Lo Showing Tonight! "The Boy With Green Hair"
AWEET REMINDER OF THE DEAR OLD PAST U ''fijfilj V Sf
continuous shows Saturday Sundayopens ij:30 p. m.
ShvdA 'TODAY
From
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tiini.ii... llrtllULn,who
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W . ,h wr,,n "AG! COACH
rTd CANYON PASSACI I
MIGHTY SPECTACLE
ON A TREMENDOUS SCALE!
THE LUSTY. BRAWLINC SACA OF A CITY
OF RED-BLOODED MEN AND A WOMAN
WHO S0UCHT TO RULE IT . . !
A Srthwi Cauldron af
Emotion (hit Bailed Over
oa W "d Burtf info Flam sr
Tf lA fSfht Whiiper of A Sinfls
M if 4 .Word.. OIL!!!
Storrtng M
SUSAN
Pedro A!
WARD-ROBERT PRESTOI
ENDARIZ-Chill Wills - Lloyrl Goiigh Edward Begley
8ea Halts Disney
(Color Cartoon)
Diving Champions
IKnorUI
DAVID O. SELZNICK
brtitnli
portrait of Jennie
Ittrring
JENNIFER JONES JOSEPH COTTEN
ETHEL BARRYMORE
UUIAS GISH CKIL KtUAWAY
tHrtttU WMism DitltrU
tnm llM h Nlktm ' Srrm fn h W Oire
ttnntti AtniiMt pndmttt 11 id HtmfUtsd
HUKMCMt MP 7I0H Wm
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first rmlraml It-nnlfi-r v m
Jones lo the iiulille.aml a !
Nek l-'niliiml litirrlr.n f MlVl
makr Torlrail ofjennir' j
a aiijirrb motion iicliirr.
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(by Loui-lla (. I'areone)
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anil drliratrly Ix-atitiful,
wllh lirlllianl flnohta of
David (Srlnli kV) urenl
ne. a griille proiliio
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"Portrall of Jennlf" la
a rarity in movie enlrr-lalnmenl-a
pure and
simple tale of the super
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