ACE FOUR
, fBANK JENKINS MALCOLM EPLttV
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EPLEY
Today's Roundup
''"' By MALCOLM EPLEY
N this column yesterday, It was related how
I . marine corps officer, Lieutenant Archibald
. i yi... rt ITramnnt rtn the west
H, amespie, m. . """!0-
slat ot upper
one May day In 1846 with a
message that turned the famed
ptthmarker of the west from
exploration to military con
quest that made California a
part 6t the United States.
That, in a sentence, is the
story of an incident of such
significance that it is amazing
little has been made of it. as a
fascinating part of the back
ground of the Klamath coun
' try. We've all passed it up,
tot tne most pari.
It Is a -story that is well known -to most
students of the expansion of the United States,
but the way. in which it connects the Klamath ,
country with that expansion is really something
for Klamath people to know about and to talk
about. Let's go into it a little deeper today.
. . . ,
Expansionist- Politics
IN the early elghteen-forUesy expansion was a
: controversial political issue in the United
States. Thomas Hart Benton, United States
' senator and father-in-law of Fremont, then a
'young army officer, was a powerful leader of
the expansionist group. In 1844, an expansion
ist president was elected in the person of James
K. Polk, and the country moved in the direction
of w,ar with Mexico and the acquisition of
Texas and all the southwest, including Cali
fornia. ;. ;
I JPremont, who had already won fame ontwo
expeditions into. the west (one of which took
him through northern Klamath county) obtained
approval of the war department for a' third
expedition, this one to carry him well into
Mexican territory. He came west with a party
of 60 men, ostensibly on a topographical ex
pedition, but there was unquestionable military
flavor to his company. With him was the
fatted scout, Kit. Carson, and Other able fron
tiersmen, -v. - , .
j Late in 1845,' Fremont came into California,
and in December arrived in Sutter's fort, . on -the
Sacramento. California was Mexican terri-.
tery, andTtfie. presence of an American : military .
party aroused suspicion-and fear among Mexi
can authorities. Fremont moved about' in Cali
fornia with his force until, while camped near
tfh present town of Salinas, he was handed a
iotlce from the Mexican authorities to get out
Of California.'
i Fremont entrenched himself on' a small peak
nearby, flew the American flag," and awaited
On assault. One band Of Mexicans did approach
the stronghold, but - retired. There was no
actual battle,, but eventually Fremont, aware
Of hit rash conduct and its possible effect on a
peaceful -settlement by Washington of the Cali
fornia question, 'decided to retire with as much
dignity '-as -possible." He took his company to
Fort Sutter. .
j- . "
Fremont Takes His Time
IIA7H1LE caflraitlng further political and mill
jYY tary - developments, Fremont embarked
On an exploration trip into the Oregon country,
in March, 1846, he camped at the ranch of
Peter- Lassen, on Deer creek near the Upper
Sacramento river.
' He did a lot of fooling around at Lassen's
place, as if waiting for something to happen.
put he was. out of touch with Washington and
was hot aware of events there and On the Rio
jfirande.i. where 'a. war ;with-Mexico was rapidly
developing . In faction April 24, 1846, the day
" jTremOnt. left Lassen's ranch for the Klamath
, Country, General Zacaharay Taylor had his
Kirst engagement with Mexican troops on the
Rio Grande.
f On' May 6, -Fremont reached Klamath lake,
probably at a spot now within the city limits
iof Klamath Falls. It was probably his in
cidental purpose to explore a route over the
Hjatcaaes into tne Willamette valley, , but he
again-showed no desire to get far away from
Joalifornia,; and he moved slowly along the.
west side of the Upper lake (through the cOun.
sry you and I travel to Rocky Point and Lake o
tie woods. .) -
Three days iater, he received the message
W
MALLON
that changed the course ot his life and the
destiny of California.
That was tho message brought to him from
far-away Washington by Lieutenant A. H. Gilles
pie, whose affiliation with .the United States
marine corps was recalled here this week by
General Denlg, tho marine public relations
director, and opened this rather rambling ac
count of a story of great local and national
historical significance. Tomorrow, we will re
late more about Gillespie, the dramatic meeting
at Denny's creek near the present D. E. Alex
ander ranch, and subsequent events.
It's a yarn that we can't compress into one
day's column.
News Behind the News
By PAUL MALLON
WASHINGTON, Aug. 8 From the Pacific,
Governor Stassen came back with the
message that the home front is ovoroptimlstic
about the end of tne war ana
over-defeatist about tho peace.
Public opinion Is so eager
to grasp every sign of hope for
the end that the resisting pow
er of our enemies may have
been underestimated. Guessing
about .that by the most respon
sible authorities here fluctu
ates naturally with events.
A man who thinks Germany
will last beyond the election
Is considered an extremist, but
bets are being made to that
effect. .....
The constant daily newt of diplomacy (or
lack of it) involving Russian aims, but par
ticularly the news of the colossal domestic
tasks ahead (employment, debts, peace econ
omics) unquestionably have caused a public
fear which may be pessimistic it not defeatist.
The reams of statistics that are dally being
presented in the news by all the governmental
and lobbying promotional ventures seem to me
too much warped by economic facts. As usual,
statistics never measure the human element.
e
Signal For Hope
IN my opinion, the bands will start playing
again at the armistice. Immediately there
will be a different public spirit. All the pent
up fears of war will be released. The very
occasion will' bo a signal for renewed hope.
Everyone who hat someone in the service
knows what that means.
TO the public also, it will be an end of
rationing (or most of it) and similar restrictions
of discomfort imposed on civilian life. . These
overlooked factors of economics and their in
spiration on business will be important.
The GI bill of rights provides $25 a week
unemployment insurance to service men for any
52 weeks of two years after discharge. (Incident
ally, the CIO did not gain in popular favor
by proposing $35 a week for industrial workers,
but Democratic Senator Murray has hastened
to' cover hit and their embarrassment at want
ing more than the soldier by introducing a bill
to raise the service maximum to $35.) '
Soma special : classes of war workers will
. suffer a reduction in income by returning to
normal- work, but any ''over-defeatism" on the
home front in general seems to me to lie in
financial considerations of the years ahead.-
Glaring Apprehensions
BUT, behind all tho news from Europe, ap
prehensions for the peace are. glaring. .The
fanaticism of the young German officers in
resisting the guidance of their elders (recounted
in this column published July 26) carries the
implication that they may resist reason in the
peace. It asks the question:
Will the peace bring peace? Or will - Ger
many, Austria, Poland, The Balkans, after the
war, be France in reverse? -'
Will the nazis go underground and fight .like
the Maquis? -- ' -- . -
Can revolution bo prevented? t
A younger generation hat arisen In Europe
since Mussolini and Hitler, a generation Which
does not know reason, only force. ,
Can we ovoid street fighting, revolutions,
assassinations On tho tame Old or larger Eur
opean scale?
Answers to the Questions
THE news Of the day itself asks these ques
tions, not in defeatism, but in search of an
answer.
Just now, State Secretary Hull is preparing
to call a new security conference of the large
powers to consider the political settlement in
Europe. Up to now, all conferences have dealt
with generalities and not with the difficulties
which lie In specific application.
So you have the Polish committee ot national
liberation, announcing from Moscow its competi
tion With the Polish government in London.
The same situation is present in some degree
throughout Europe.
Thus, any reasonable analysis -of the Situa
tion requires the conclusion that doubts about
post-war Ot home may.. be. exaggerated, but
doubts about the peace in Europe are not.
rar Spending to Total
- More Than $88 Billion
! . By The Associated Press
i At-a-glance summary of re
ttoed government budget est
imates' for the fiscal year July 1,
idfl44-June 30, 1945: - -f .
! Expenditures $98,404,000.-
000. (Not including a $825,000,-
ivuu expenditures - less - receipts
figure for government corpor
ations which would make the
ioverau total $99,029,000,000.)
et receipts-r-$45,663,000,000.
War Knpnriino SfiH pnn nnn .
'ArtA ' ' 1
UUU.
f Excess of expenditures over
hreceipts $52,741,000,000.
National debt at end of fiscal
year-$25i,286,ooo,ooo.
J Net increase in public debt
$80,283,000,000.
I - " '
By KARL R. BAUMAN
Washington; Aug: 3 yp)
Budget Director Harold D.
Smith, assuming that the fight
ing In Europe Will be over fey
next summer, estimated today
that the United States will spend
$88,900,000,000 for war in the
fiscal year begun on July 1.
Also, he said In presenting re
vised estimates of federal fi
nances for the year, American
taxpayers will Contribute to
ward that sum the largest gov
ernment "take" of record.
Smith revised Upward by near
ly $5,000,000,000 his January
estimate of net receipts -from
S4U,70H,UUU.000 to S45.663.000.
000. Net receipts in the fiscal
year ended June 30 totaled $44,
149,000,000, double the preced
ing year.
Except for employment taxes,
which . congress failed to in-
A Gem of Thought From Idella's i
There was a Lightning Bug named Joe
And about Blackouts he Didn't know
When the Warden shouted turn out the light
Don't you know: there's: a Blackout to-night?
He said, "When I gotta glow, I just gotta glow." '
Matches 5c big box
phoM 46 ay IDELLA'S
-tfJltGtAQal!
eth
crease, and customs, Smith re
vised upward all hit tax esti
mates. Direct taxes on Individual! he
estimated at $18,935,000,000, in
stead of $18,113,000,000, but
still below the $20,290,000,000
actually collected in the last fis
cal year when adoption of the
pay-as-you-go plan caused un
usual collections.
Other tax estimates, com
pared with the January esti
mates: Direct taxes on corporations,
$16,588,000,000 and $15,404,000,
000; excise taxes, $5,637,000,000
and $4,251,000,000; employment
taxes, $2,081,000,000 and $8,
182,000,000; customs, $362,000,
000 and $438,000,000; miscel
laneous receipts, $3,643,000,000
and $2,037,000,000. This brines
total receipts to $47,246,000,000,
but a deduction of $1,583,000,
000 for federal old-age and sur
vivors insurance trust fund re
duces the net to $45,663,000,000,
EMPLOYES BUY BONDS
SALEM. Aug. 3 (ff)The 2500
state employes who buy bonds
by the monthly payroll reduc
tion plan have bought $1,010,820
worth Of bonds since the plan
was begun in February, 1942,
the state department Said today.
PILES
SUCCESSFULLY TREATED
NO PAIN . NO HOSPITALIZATION
NA I.AH nf Tim.
Permanent RsnUit
DR. E. M. MARSHA
Clrirelle hrileta
St Rt, lit - Eiqolre TkMlrs Bits.
Fhona-IMS
HERALD AND NEWS, KLAMATH FALLS, OREGON
3IDE GLANCES
Au
sutt 3
W7ntnrnnttnKt, me. t, m. ma. tt . wt. wr.' - ''';Vf't-t
Oregon Tops Quota
In Fifth War Loan
PORTLAND, Auti. 8 Ml ''-
bhnsos mounted ! SlU.Bn(l.fl70
on roports rei-olvcd from the fed
e'ul reserve bunk lit Sim Iran-
Cisco today. Tho purchases wore
inudu betoio July 31.
Purchnsni ot E bonds stood at
$43,740,092 on this report.
The slnto'i araitd quota was
$135,000,000, tne E bond quott,
$38,000,000.
Multnomah emmtv hM renort
.a nf 123,461,317 In E
bonds
000.
Tho i
MONKEYS MAVeTT
I'M POXO In Iholr k"
?".)llfy the vZr 5i
iniirv h ..... u
ml 1 " , "J" -v " Hnrl .'
SimlliA meriJ ! JSP,
"Your mother certainly is a pench I'm enjoying this
snack to much, maybe we can wait till some oilier night
to go out and dance!"
Half On Visits
To Congested Wat
Areas Requested
PORTLAND, Ore., Aug. J W)
If you don't have business there,
stay out of congested war pro
duction centers, a federal com
mittee asked of the public today.
Corrington Gill, director of the
presidents committee for con
gested production areas, said
that thousands of visitors neither
seeking essential jobs nor having
war-connected business are flock
ing to the nation's already heav
ily Congested areas. They thus
overburden already heavily-laden
transportation, housing, rec
reation, hotel and public service
facilities.
A sample census taken in 10
congested areas, he said, showed
there were 270,000 such visitors.
Portland was Included. They
found 18,261 visitors here. There
were 42.000 in Seattle, 86,000 in
Los Angeles, 43,750 in San Fran
cisco. . . ;
ON FURLOUGH
PORTLAND,; Aug. 3 (VP)
Thirty Oregon soldiers of the
41st division were home on fur
lough here today from the South
Pacific under the army's rota
tion plan. They arrived last
night on a bus that carried other
members of the division to
Salem and points south of here.
j ,
Classified Ads Bring Results.
SKIN-RASH TORTURE
NOW RELIEVED
FOR MILLIONS
To eaM the aauruu: itch ol minor kln
rashes heat rash, baby's diaper rash .
countless families sprinkle on Mexaana,
the soothing, medicated powder. Like
millions oi tiny Sponges it helps take up
moisture on skin, a frequent causoofheat
rash. Mexsanacontainaingrodientsoften
reoommended by many specioliflta for
the relief of these miseries. Yet this com
forting absorbent powder costs little,
and there's even greater savings In the
larger sites. Bold everywhere. Buy a big
Sosnomy package today and keep it
handy. Be ready to got quick rolls! from
these discomforts by using Mexsana.
KILLED IN EXPLOSION
MARSHFIELD, Aug. 3 (P)
Adrian Flores, an employe of
the Watt-Nouman Construction
company, was killed accidentally
In a dynamite explosion near
China Flats, said County Cor
oner W. O. Campbell.
Classified ads get results.
insect
NVOTHS
fA
TO
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siSSa."
""S3
OlhsrWILCOProdutli
CUARIX
Oloit Cleoner
STOP SPOT
Cleaning 'laid
MACHINE Oil
SURE EIRE
lighter Fluid
IF you expect
to stay warm
next winter . ,
Read This Carefully
Both You and Your
Coal Dealer
Are on the Spot
The Solid Fuelt Administration for War
' has placed on your coal dealer the re-'
sponsibility to deliver o each customer a
fair share of available supplies. To ac
. complish this he must make at many de
liveries at possible before f reeking weath-' ' '
er arrives. , .
Your coal dealer can't fill your bin un
less you place your orders in advance.
This te a
Government
WARNING
Thti menage prepared by Solid Fuels Administration for
War, Washington, D. C. as a guide to Warmth, Health,'
Victory ' .
FRED H. HEILBRONNER
"Fuels That Satisfy" Plus Bsr vies
. - Sinet 1919,.:', ,v.
Office and Yard, 921 Spring St. Telephone 4183
Merrill, Oregon Telephone BO
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