PAGE SIX
THE EVENING HERALD, KLAMATH FALLS, OREGON
DONOVAN AIMS
TRUTH GANNON
AT GERMANS
Br PETER EDSON
WASHINGTON, Nov. 21
How to have a propaganda min
istry that will out-gobble Goeb
bels without having a propa
ganda ministry and without
having a Goebbels is the para
doxical job that has now shaken
down for Col. William J. Don
ovan, whoso office as co-ordin-alor
of information is known in
Washington as COI.
' The nickname should be
COY, for of all the defense
agencies in Washington, COI
alone is publicity shy. It has no
public relations officer to give
statements to the press, other
than Donovan himself, who is
harder to see than Greta Gar o
off the screen, and who wants
to be alone Just about as bad,
Donovan has Just moved his
headquarters Into the old Naval
hospital buildings, a couple 01
iDits from the Potomac river,
way out by the Lincoln Mem
orial. It s a good nideoui. xus
research staff under Dr. James
Phinney Baxter III, president
of Williams college, and Dr.
Ernest Stacey Griffith, chief of
the famed congressional legis
lative reference service, will be
quartered way at the other end
of Washington in the library of
congress, where "Silence" Is the
motto, and a man can be let
alone.
All this hush-hush embar
rasses Donovan and his staff of
unknown size, made up of the
darndest array of college pro
fessors, poets, playwrights, for
eign correspondents, newspaper
men, broadcasters and their ilk.
All of them are conscious of the
fact that this is a democracy
and that the people are entitled
to know what goes on. Most of
them, before they got into the
government, devoted their pri
vate lives to trying to tell the
people what went on. They are
still dealing with publishable
material propaganda, in a
sense but they don't want
anybody to know that ifs pro
paganda they're dishing out, and
that's why all the mystery and
secrecy.
Mo Balonlst
As a matter of fact, their out
put isn't exactly propaganda.
That word has been pretty bad
ly abused and has become syn
onymous with baloney. Donovan
wants it understood that he is
not dealing In baloney. The only
way to beat a barrage of verbal
baloney Is with a crossfire of
truth, laid down before the
enemy can start its barrage to
rolling. And there "Wild Bill"
Donovan of the "Fighting 69th"
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believes is where the COI Job
comes in to lay down a
counter-propaganda of truth and
facts that will make the Ger
man baloney type of propaganda
look as silly as it is.
Outside pressure on Washing
ton to open a full-fledged min
istry of propaganda has been
tremendous. Donovan feels that
such procedure would not be
the way the American democracy
should proceed. For this reason,
COI has been organized as a
kind of brain trust operation
planning the counter-propaganda,
but letting established
agencies of the government, privately-owned
radio stations and
the privately-owned, independ
ent, free and uncensored press
be the issuing media. The af
firmative end of COI functions
through its foreign information
service, headed by Playwright
Robert Sherwood in New York,
and Nelson Poynter in Wash
ington. Hop to Catch the Worm
They get up early at the COI
offices. There are staff meet
ings at 8 in the morning. There
are shifts working around the
clock, seven days a week. The
news is analyzed. How can this
development b e counteracted?
What is the answer to that?
Where can the nazi propaganda
machine be outwitted, beaten to
the punch? In what ways is the
axis most vulnerable to counter
propaganda? COI thus plans its
battles of words.
In spite of all the secrecy sur
rounding operations of the Don
ovan office, certain develop
ments of recent days reveal how
effective counter - propaganda
can be. There was the incident
of the new German map for re
dividing South America accord
ing to nazi notions. President
Roosevelt mentioned it in a
speech and it set the Germans
to hawling abusive denials.
Assistant Secretary of State
Breckinridge Long made a
speech directed at Italy, in
which he said Italian troops
sent to aid Germany were but
Russians Aware of German
Treachery Even While 7939
'Honeymoon' Pact in Vogue
EDITORS: The FuuUnl had no Ilia'
lloci retarding German "fri,ndhlp" eturtei
the SI month of th aOTlal-oad eoo-auirra-ton
part and mn full at ot thli breath
in aiMll to itrrnathtn their military ma
chine. United Pre,, ataff Correspondent
Wallace Carroll rTa la the toltowlni OK-
nateh. Ha filed the dilDateh from the tint
oenior-rrM eaolehead ha reached alter lear.
IBS the eoTtel uoloa.l
By WALLACE CARROLL
Copyright. 1941. by United Press
MANILA, Nov. 21 (UP)
While soviet censors were sup
pressing open criticism of the
axis during the Russian-German
honeymoon which began in Au
gust, 1939, members of the com
munist party continued to carry
on anti-fascist and anti-nazi pro
paganda throughout the soviet
union.
In Moscow I talked with soviet
citizens and foreigners who had
attended anti-nazi lectures after
the signing of the Russian-German
pact.
The tone ot the talks flittered
little from the speeches of Max
im Litvinov at Geneva during
the years he vainly tried to or
ganize an anti-Hitler front.
No Illusions
This Is one of number of
facts which could be cited to
show that Josef Stalin had no il
lusions regarding Soviet-German
friendship, but hoped to obtain a
breathing space in which to
strengthen his position.
Did the Stalin government
make full use of the 21 months
hostages to keep the Italians at
home in servitude to the nazis.
That one caught both the Ger
mans and Italians off guard.
There are other incidents of
the same kind which reveal how
this battle of words is to be
fought But most of them prob
ably won t be told about until
the war is over, if then.
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thus gained, or did it throw away
the breathing space by a half
hearted rearmament policy like
the Chamberlain government of
Great Britain after Munich?
The evidence in this war
shows that the soviet made full
use of the respite, and given an
other year might well have made
themselves invincible against in
vasion.
The greatest weakness ot the
soviet union as a military power
has been a shortage of skilled la
bor, engineers, and technicians.
The United States and Britain
enjoy a heritage of a century of
technical progress, but even they
found themselves short of skilled
workers and engineers when they
tried to expand their arms pro
duction. The Soviets took over a coun
try which in many respects was
four centuries behind the United
States and Britain. They had to
teach 70 per cent of the people to
read and write before they could
initiate them to the mysteries of
modern chemistry, mathematics
and the slide rule.
Luxuries Curtailed
Successive five-year plans were
essentially an attempt to concen
trate the limited skill available
on the creation of that heavy in
dustry which is indispensable to
the modern military power.
After the purges of 1936-37,
however, the soviet government
partially relaxed this concentrat
ed effort and transferred, some of
its limited technical resources to
production of consumer goods,
which the soviet people had done
without since Lenin's new eco
nomic policy was abandoned,
The change over did not last
long, however. With the out
break of the European war in
September, 1939, the output of
goods which; were considered
luxuries was curtailed. Further
curtailment followed the Finnish
war, and as the time approached
when Adolf Hitler would strike,
the Soviets were concentrating
all available skill and energy on
war preparations.
This concentration explains
some of the techical surprises the
Soviets are able to spring.
In the aircraft industry the
brilliant commissar, A. Shakhu
rin, who is under 35, created an
organization which produced two
remarkable new planes, the
MIG3 fighter and the Stormvik
attack bomber, both of which
have been used successfully
against tanks.
In inspected an MIG at an air
drome on the central front and
learned why foreign experts who
have seen It rank it with the
British Spitfire. Its liquid-cooled
engine is described as being in
the class with the Rolls-Royce
Merlin and the General Motors
Allison motors.
In order to save aluminum,
the soviet engineers made the
wings of plywood. I saw a MIG
which was hit In the wing by an
ti-aircraft shrapnel, but the wood
was not splintered and the plane
was able to return to base. It was
a simple operation to "unbutton1
the damaged wing and "button"
on a new one, whereas it would
have taken a long time to repair
a metal wing.
Apparently the MIG's can dive
as fast as all-metal planes, and
soviet airmen claim their "coef-
ficient of safety" is higher than
that of most foreign fighters,
The Soviets also made great
progress in other fields of arms
production. In the Spanish civil
war foreign arms engineers
learned that soviet machine guns
had the highest rate of fire in the
world. These guns subsequently
were improved. Thirty-five cali
ber machine guns used In soviet
planes are the lightest and most
compact machine guns I have
ever seen, and any country would
be glad to have them.
An incident which showed the,
soviet technical skill and enter
prise occurred during a confer
ence at which early in October
authorities worked out a pro
gram for supplying Anglo-Amer
ican war materials to Russia.
A four-engined consolidated
B24 bomber carrying some Amer
ican delegates from Scotland was
about to alight at the Moscow air
drome with wing flaps lowered
when another crossed its course.
E-
A new development In driving
ease, known as the Hudson Drive-
Master, Is spotlighted on the new
1943 Hudson cars now on dis
play by Douglas Motor company,
newly appointed Hudson dealer
for this territory.
Offered as a low-cost optional
extra on all models, the Drive
Master entirely eltmtnutes clutch
operation, except as a safety pre
caution when starting the motor.
Advantages In economy, fast
shifting action, quiet operation,
and eliniinntion ot slippage, are
claimed for tho Drive-Master by
Hudson engineers following four
years ot extensive field testing
and development.
A new second or "pick-up"
gear especially designed for
smooth rapid acceleration pro
vides, it is said, unusually fast
get-away in traffic.
With the gear lover set In
"high" position at the start of a
day's driving, the gears shift
from "pick-up" into "high" po
sition automatically, depending
upon the speed of the car, and
back again to second "pick-up"
automatically when accelerator
pressure is released. In normal
driving, no further shifting ef
fort Is required. Low and re
verse gears are selected by the
Handy Shift gear lever.
NEW YORK, Nov. 21 (,p)
The usual holiday upswing in
sales appeared in retail stores
this week, aided substantially by
preparations for Thanksgiving,
fall clearances and early Christ
mas shopping, Dun & Bradstrect
reported today.
"Shoppers' greater emphasis
on wearing apparel and. other
soft goods," the asencv review
said, "indicated a definite shift
from the durable type of mer
chandise which was most in de
mand during the buying spree
of August and September.
"With defense production
gains offsetting curtailment in
non-defense lines, the over-all
rate of output held solidly at
record levels."
In 32 states which celebrated
Thanksgiving this week, the re
view noted, most retailers tnnk
this occasion to Inaugurate the
holiday season. Stocks in most
centers were reported at record
levels.
For the country as a whole
the agency estimated retail turn
over at 15 to 22 per cent better
than a year ago, the broadest
margin of increase in six weeks.
In the major regions the in
creases were as follows:
New England, 12 to 18 per
cent; east, 12 to 15; middle west.
14 to 20; south, 18 to 23; south
west, 20 to 23; northwest, 11 to
14, and Pacific coast, 15 to 20.
Government Orders
Bring Movement
In Wood Market
BOSTON, Nov. 21 OP) The
Commercial bulletin will say of
the wool market tomorrow:
Tho award of further con'
tracts by the government for
worsted fabrics and underwear
has accounted for a fair move
ment in wool again this past
week, chiefly In fine and half
blood wools, although there has
been some Interest shown in
medium wools. Prices have
been fully maintained.
"Military fabrics, which have
relegated civilian business very
largely to the background, have
called for both foreign and do
mestic wools. Mast of the
awards thus far made against
the bids of November 4 for 33
100,000 yards of serges and
shirtings, have been on a basis
of 50 per cent domestic and 50
per cent foreign wool, with
celling price of $3.14, against
$2.98 previously. Rather more
than half of the quantity la un
derstood to have been placed.
"Foreign market are hardly
changed, except that South
American markets have eased a
bit further this week.
"Western operations have ac
counted for several million
pounds of wool this week, chief
ly in Texas, New Mexico and
Wyoming at prices fully firm,
'Mohair continues dun ano
barely firm."
(Quotations unchanged.)
FUNNY BUSINESS
THAT HOMEY ATMOSPHERE
COFFEYVILLE, Kas. (P)
Real estate ad in the Coffeyvllle
Journal: i
'A real sorry, run down, old
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paint and about seven other
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United States army airman, man
aged to avoid a collision, but the
strain . caused a wing flap to
buckle. The Soviets never had
seen B24 and it looked as if re
pairs would take a long time.
Within three days, however, sov
iet technicians produced a new
wing flap every bit as good as the
"lie wonted to pull w tooth, but it muni be a tough one to
yunkl"
Advent of American Planes
To Russia Told By Writer
rKdltor-a NrtU: nre la the aUtry ot
hew lli Rtiulana pllrhad In en! ft rait
for th muting ot Anmkan alrplana.
etilrh Ihty ipvvtlll, matured, entire h
a ralUft rr, rorrpo"lal nu l"nl
tvrftl w,ka la lha aA,l,l ufllnn ant la
rrmvUnf fruie the ftrt rrntr lrae cable
head he rcerheil afur Uartnc.)
By WALLACE CARROLL
Copirlitit. IMI, Unltae) frees
MANILA, P. I., Nov. 21 (Un
censored) (UP) The Egyp
tians never worked harder on
pyramids than tho Russians
worked to build an airdrome
where the first American fight
er planes were assembled lor
action on the Russiun front.
It looked llko a hopeless Job
when orders camo from Moscow
to construct an airdrome in
that region of endless forests
and peat bogs. Foreign experts
said, in fact, it couldn't be done.
but the Russians just laughed
and said, ."nlchevo" it's
nothing.
A few weeks later when two
young officers In the united
States army air corps arrived
to supervise assembling ot the
first Curliss P40', they found
a modern airdrome unlike any
other In the world.
The soviet government assign
ed 2000 laborers and 1000 army
pioneers to the Job. Within three
weeks they had cleared trees
and stumps from an area u(
several square miles. Then they
set to work to drain the field
and build an all-weather run
way. First they dug away peat to
a depth of two to three fevt
Then they laid a foundation of
logs like railway tics. Whore
they had dug deepest they laid
more logs crosswise above the
first layer. Finally onop they
put a solid flooring ot six-by-six
timbers.
When they had finished, they
had a corduroy runway a mile
long and 100 yards wide, which
not even the heaviest bomber
could shake.
Lieut. Hubert Zemke, 27, of
Missoula, Mont., arrived from i
Britain with the first consign
ment of P49's. Lieut John All
son. 28, of Galneswllle. Fla.,
who had flown to Moscow In
July with Lend-lease Adminis
trator Harry Hopkins, Joined
him.
In a surprisingly short time,
the Russians had mastered the
socruti uf tho P40. Tho Orltltli
lieu )u eavvine seueuia m am
plana which addad several
hundred pounds weight unci cut
its speed 16 miles an hour
The soviet engineer took onu
look and decided tho giulguti
wuuld Iiuvb tu go,
In tho United States and Brit
ain two cranes are used to -cmbla
the IMO's, one uf two
tuns mid another ot one ton.
Tha Soviets had only one criuio,
a one-ton affair, but they Just
said "nlchevo" and went ahead,
The one-tim crane, was used
to suspend the fintelng? tlia
Job dime In thn Untied Stales
n nd Urllaln Willi a two-timnor.
Then 20 pioneers raised Hie
wing and held It on their
hacks and shoulders while mo
L'liiinlt's buckled It to thn fuau
luge. Suiui't Itin-R they eluud
hunched over for ninrn than
a liu If hour while a wing was
being fixed.
HAF mechanics were ossemb-
ll,f lli,l.nMa It, lltn umm.m
nlrtlroino. They hud been hiind
ling Hurricanes tor yeurs where
as tho Russians wero seeing tha
IMO's for the first time, but the
Russians were most disappoint
ed when the HrllUli succeeded
In assembling their first Hur
ricane before tho Russians as
sembled their first Curtlss.
So they redoubled their ef
forts and suereded In deliver
ing five P40's to a nearby air
dromo In a slnglo dny. They,
worked 14 hours or more everj
day, always enthusiastic, always
convinced they were going to
win tne war ana always In
good numnr.
Two Injured When
Car Hits Train
SALEM. Nov. 21 (,P) Two
Hubbard men who drove Into the
side of a slow-moving Southern
Pacific railroad locomotive last
night wero In a hospital today
with cuts, bruises and posslblo in
ternal injuries.
Tho men, Albert Tlchenor, 28,
driver of tho light pickup truck,
and Robert Pickrell. 21, struck
tho engtno at tha Wallace mad
crossing on tho Salem-Dallas
line.
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fjjij -rmm,V --7 -
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