OtugUftt 21, 1041
Dairymen
Boost Production
As Defense Effort
Br 3' H. MaCAMBPUDOE.
f Assistant County Auent
j Dairyman are bolng asked by
government agricultural lead
er (or 10 per cent lucrum
n dlry products, which will be
Used for the land-lean (took
Alii (or Great Britain, wall
wo it hoint. It li bolng rocognli'
d that tht health of tha nation
will ba Improved when the milk
consumption la Increased.
W art much better fed to
day than wa wsra 30 years ago:
fr know more about vitamins
and nutrition, but even io, the
rmy hoi rejected thousands of
young men from telcctlvo scr
vlca till! year simply becuuat
they did not have th body,
health and conatltutlon that
America noedi ond wanta (or her
rmy. Tiny say "a man li what
tats aim "a man can travel
many mllci ou hli stomach"
and there ia a lot In those atate
menU. Or. Charlea F. Nelaon of
Beverly Hills, California, says,
"milk la the food which cun
isupply enough calcium to assure
,th development and maimer
lance o( man'a maximum mental
and phyaical cnpacltloi." Cal
cium deficiency la present In
aS per cent of hti case of dolor
titles and diseased bonus, and
bone (racturei which do not houl
properly.
Big Possibilities
I Klamath county hue an ad'
vantage over many other coun
ilea In Oregon (or an outatand
.lng dairy enterprise, (or two
main reasons. Klamath county
ia located meauy lor marketing
dairy product If a aurplua Is
produced here, and tha soil and
climate produce outstanding
yields of Irrigated pastures and
alfalfa, aa well as grain and
ether feeds (or dairy cows.
' No (actor Is of greater Import
nce In reducing the cost of
milk production than the pro-
vlding o( excellent pasture (or
tha hard over Just aa long a
period as possible. The economy
and Importance of good pasture
(or dairy cowa has been shown
by the U. S. department of agrt
eultura In seven of the loading
fJMrj tactions of this country,
VAn these sections pasturage fur
nished nearly one-third of the
total nutrient consumed by
cowl during the year, yet the
cost of tha pasturage was only
one-eeventh of tha annual feed
oar.
When well-fertilized and pro
perly managed pastures are pro
vided, a high yield of milk can
ba maintained throughout the
summer with a minimum amount
of grain or other harvested feeds
On the other hand, when little
effort li made to Improve the
'pastures, a large amount of addi
tional (eed must be supplied In
'order to keep up a good milk
supply and prevent the cows
rrom running down In (lesh.
I; Tha proper (eedlng of milk
!eow on pasture Is much simpler
I than during the winter when no
'pasture Is available, and doubt
A1. ess this 1 the reason that so
many (srmers, busy with their
crops, (all to give their herds
the necessary attention during
the summer when pasture is at
hand. Often the cows are merely
turned out to pasture after milk.
ing at night and in the morn
ing, without any further thought
as to tha supply of (eed actual
ly available (or them. It Is no
wonder then that when the pas
ture becomes scanty In the latter
part ot the season, ' the cows
, lose (lesh and (all off severely
In milk production.' Even 1( (ed
liberally when barn (eedlng
start In the (all, It is uncom
mon If they can be brought back
to their normal production..
When cows producing milk
Care first turned on pasture In
the spring, the (eedlng- o( some
concentrates and hay should be
I continued until they become used
to pasture and until the grass
becomes abundant. If this is not
'done, good cows will run down
In condition, (or the young grass
stimulates them to produce mora
milk than on winter rations, yet
1 often low In dry matter and
nutrients. The cows are, there
fore, unable to eat enough of it
; to supply tholr needs.
' Fertilized pasture land, pro
perly grazed and managod, will
produce an abundance of (eed
which can ba harvested (or the
moat part by the cattle them
selves. This feed grazed at the
proper height, will (urnlsh an
abundance of nutrients having
protein content of about IS or
. ;'17 per cent in dry matter. Any
, ' good pasture should be made
up of a mixture of palatable
grasses and at least one or two
legumes. This feed needs only a
Qitnall amount of . supplemental
low protein concentrates to be
come an exceptionally well bal
anced ration. This is a ration
which furnishes the several nu
trientscarbohydrates, proteins,
iand fats In auch proportions
land amount that an animal will
be , properly nourished (or 34
hours." .
' JWfctn planning- .pasture, "
Asked to
should choose a piece of land
suitable (or tha purpose In mind.
The size will be dotermlnod by
the number of cows to be pas
tured. It Is suggested that ono
aero be sot aside (or ouch cow.
It Is felt that 9 or 8 cows on an
acra gives tha best control of
grazing. With a 30-cow herd,
each field should be 4 or 8 acres
In area, For example, If a man
has a 30-cow herd and has a
UO-acre pasture, he can divide
his field Into six S-acre pieces
and use a rotation plan of pastur
ing, thus preventing any over
grazing or wasting any pasture
by not receiving enough graz
ing, It won't ba long now until
barn (eedlng will be started. Any
dairyman should have In hi
(arming rotation plenty of alfal
fa hay (or (eedlng his cattle.
Alfalfa la universally racoin
mended as the best hay (or dairy
foeding.
Curing hay Is a big factor
which should receive more at
tention. If hay isn't handled
properly It may lose much ot lis
fotdlng value. The leaves o(
alfalfa hay contain mostly pro
tein and if the hay Is allowed to
become dry before stacking or
putting In the barn, many of
these leaves are lost. Leaching
from rain and bleaching will also
reduce the quality of hay severe
ly. Concentrates are also neces
sary during the winter months
and should be (ed with the
roughage. Most of the concen
trates can be produced on the
(arm and a balanced ration can
bo prepared by the dairyman
without much additional ex
pense. However, (eed alone will not
make high producers out of
low-producing dairy cows and
neiUier la looks or appearance
a true indication of production.
Development of dairy herds on
the basts of appearance alone
with little regard (or production
must sooner or later (all. Consid
eration may well be given to
both production and appearance,
with the emphasis on produc
tion. Culling Is necessary in Im
proving a herd of dairy cow.
almost every dairy herd has
unprofitable producers. The
sooner these animals are weed
ed out tha easier it is (or the
other improvement (actors to
show their effect.
In many dairy herd improve
ment association herds, during
the first year of testing, it has
been possible to locate several
unprofitable cows. By selling
these animals to the butcher,
the owner has been able to de
rive fully as much income over
feed cost from the remainder
of the herd, with (ewer animals
to (eed and care (or. This Is the
(Irst step in herd improvement.
Reports have been made that by
selling two "boarder" cows out
of a herd of eight, and by using
better feeding methods, one
dairyman reduced the (eed
costs of producing butterfat (rom
46 cents to 25 cents a pound.
It has been said that by close
culling, production In many
herds can be Increased 28 per
cent and that by proper (eedlng
it can be Increased another 23
per cent.
Improvement through breed
ing offers another and very Im
portant opportunity (or even
greater Increases in production.
Tha sira is tha most important
animal In the herd. A good sire
Is half a herd and a poor one
Is all of a herd. If the herd bull
is able to sire daughters that are
higher producers of milk and
butterfat than their dams, he is
improving the herd, but if he
ia unable to sire such daugh
ters, the herd will decline, even
when careful selection and prop
er feeding are practiced. It will
pay each dairyman to consider
this (act and secure the best
possible herd aire with a high
production record.
If history repeats Itself, we
may expect the same radical
drop that occurred after tho
last war. However, there may
ba a considerable change when
we stop to think of the years
ahead for the dairy Industry.
From all information that is
coming to us now, it looks as
TRY
OLD STOCK ALE
. Outsells oil others In tha
Wast because It's topi In
' Purity, Zest and Flavor!
UIHIH ItlWIMA COUMMV UN fUNCIKft U
SBBk-BkM. g( rT7IIMI
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KJk.
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...
With the Junior livestock show less than a month away,
making plans (or a big 1941 show. Left to right, Lee Jacobs,
C. A. Htndtrson, T. B, Watttrt, chairman; Ed Geary and Bert
Dates of the show, September 13, 14, IS and 16.
Malm Youth Among Winners
Of College Scholarships
OREGON STATE COLLEGE,
Corvallis, (Special) Lowell Ken
yon, a graduate of Alulin high
school, has received a $100
scholarship (rom Scars. Roebuck
and company to attend Oregon
Slnto college this (all. Ho is ono
of 25 high school students in
Oregon to receive such scholar
ships this year. A similar group
of scholarships were awarded a
year ago by tho company.
Among other high school activ
ities, Konyon was president of
tho student body, editor of the
school paper and annual and val
edictorian of his class. He also
held a number of class offices
though Europe is going to bo In
a critical position (rom the
standpoint of duiry cattle when
this present conflict comes to
an end. Germany is taking all of
the tattle she can possibly get
(rom Holland, Denmark and
other countries in Europe to
(eed hor roving army. Famous
high-producing herds of dairy
cattle have been broken up and
scattered where probably no ef
fort will be made to keep them
up. It will bo up to the dairy
men of the United States to
maintain and build up their own
high-producing herds to help
(eed a world hard-pressed (or
the essential nutrients of life and
hcolth.
Time Limit on
Seed Purchase
Program to End
CORVALLIS September 1
is set as the closing date (or the
1941 seed purchase program in
Oregon, tho state AAA office
announced recently. For the
protection of late harvest areas,
the time limit will be either
September 1 or 12 days after the
(irst seed , Is delivered to the
cleaning plant, whichever is the
later.
Six kinds of seed come under
the purchase plan this year
Austrian field peas, Hairy, com
mon and Willamette vetch; Ital
ian rye grass and crimson clover.
New Dairy Cattle
Judging System
Proposed in Plan ,
"A method for Judging dairy
cattle by classification and pro
duction rather than by a hard
and fast process of scoring is
described and commented upon
by H.- P. Ewalt and Roger W.
Morse of Oregon State college,
In a new extension circular No.
Seed Growers:
During the past 7 years the
stad Industry in Klamath
Basin has doubled "many
times, and now is on of the
best cash crops.
This Important crop also de
mand the beat in stod clean
ing equipment, experience
and ability. .
Since that time I have tried
earnestly to give you the
For the best seed cleaning and
marketing service,
Lou Digger's
Warehouse
Hatfield
Weekly Page
Making Plant for Show
'J
l
15
I.
r
throughout high school. He was
actlvo in 4-H and FFA work and
received the unqualified recom
mendation of his principal, A. E.
Street, (or the award.
These scholarships are now
awarded annually by the com
pany to encourage the develop
ment of trained rural leaders.
Actual selection Is mado by the
school of agriculture (rom among
worthy Oregon (arm boys o(
good character and scholastic at
tainment, who have demonstrate
ed leadership ability through par
ticipation In 4-H club, Future
Farmers or other agricultural or
community activities.
374. The authors believe that the
classification system has' merit.
particularly In 4-H club, FFA,
special breed shows, and county
fairs.
. Under the classification sys
tem it is also possible to require
that all animals of three years
old or more have certain mini
mum production records which
Will give this practical phase
due recognition in the placings.
The circular may be obtained
free from any county extension
office. -
4-H News
Altamont Sunshine Canntrs
May Wright entertained the
club at her home Friday, Aug
ust IS. We had a judging con
test in which the winners were
Jean Thomas, Mary Quinouski
and Jean Owens. Gloria Stewart
furnished our game. Jean Thom
as won the prize. We chose two
demonstration teams to practice
at our next meeting. Colleen Car
penter, May Wright, Jean Thom
as, Virginia Quinouski are the
teams. Our meeting will be held
at Mrs. Stewart's on Thursday,
August 21. Members and guests
are to come dressed as hoboes.
At the 'close of the meeting
dainty refreshments were served
by our hostess, May Wright.
Guests for the afternoon were
Mrs. Wright and little Jean
Wright was our mascot for the
afternoon.
Jean Thomas, news reporter.
CANADIAN LOBSTERS
Last season's catch of lobsters
in tha three maritime provinces
of Canada amounted to 2,653,
000 pounds with a valuation of
$483,200.'
Eight Canadian aircraft com
panies hold order (or approxi
mately 125 million dollars for
3800 airplanes ordered by the
British government.
best, most honest and con
scientious service that my 17
years of actual experience
has afforded.
For this reason I' have' In
stalled additional equipment
which makes It the most
eomplettly equipped plant In
Klamath Basin.
Come In . and let's talk It
over, thtre is no obligation.
-f
t
i
i'T
i j
of Farm NewsN
'
it v fit
' f
I
u uw
this committee of Rotarians has
Frank Fleet, Robert Sproat, A.
Hall Not in the picture, Keith
SUFFER HEAVY
CORVALLIS, Aug. 21 tf)
Oregon's agriculture has suf
fered severe losses through the
almost total elimination of ex
port outlets (or soma o( its prin
cipal crops, even though grow
ers have reduced the acreage
of export-type crops, the Ore
gon state land use planning
committee announced.
Wheat, prunes, apples and
pears are the principal export
crops of this state. During the
past decade wheat acreage has
been reduced approximately 24
per cent, prunes 28 per cent,
apples 65 per cent, and pears
10 per cent. This means that
Oregon's export crops, which
formerly accounted (or approxi
mately 30 per cent of the total
farm acreage, now occupy only
approximately 20 per cent.
There remain approximately
800,000 acres of wheat, 41,400
acres o( prunes, 14,100 acres of
apples, and 19,000 acres of
pears. Under normal conditions,
approximately one-third of the
production o( this total acreage
would go to (orcign markets,
with two-thirds used in the
United States.
Much of the Columbia basin
is ideally suited to continued
wheat production and unsuited
to diversided crops, the com
mittee said. A number of its
recommendations for 1942 con
cerning wheat have already
been put into effect by the
AAA, including close correla
tion of acreage reduction with
soil conservation, increase in
loan values to nearer parity,
and reduction of acreage allot
ment for 1942 to the minimum
provided by law. Numerous
other recommendations were
made looking to the future.
Further reduction in apple,
m m n. n
OREGON FARMS
EXPORT LOSSES
7 BIO MS AND NIGHTS
of Thrilling entertainment
AT NO INCREASE IN PBICES
Huge Agricultural Exhibits
and a very outstanding
FARM MACHINERY SHOW
PARl'MUTUU HORSE RACING!
A MAGNIFICENT NITE HORSE SHOW!
"MZAPOMH" GRAND NITE REVUE!
featuring 75 Top flight Ptrformml
mWAY THRILLS! (REE ACTS
DANCING to Afttea's Onhostrol
BRING THI FAMILY for a Grand Tim
m& 1
.in
?R A. .j T I
ri i mm r m
already knuckled down to work
H. Bussman, Marshall Cornett,
K. Ambrose and Alfred Collier.
Groups at Work
For Stock Show
Committees appointed by T.
B. Watters, general chairman of
the Rotary committee in charge
of the Junior livestock show,
are working on plan which they
hope will result In the finest ex
hibition presented in the history
of the 4-H and FFA shows.
The barbecue, to which are
invited Rotarians, exhibitors and
their (amilies, will be held Mon
day night, September 15, at the
(air grounds.
On Monday and Tuesday of
this coming week scouting
groups will visit exhibitors
throughout the county. Thursday
at noon in the Pelican, Bert Hall,
publicity director, has called a
committee meeting.
Irrigation Pipe
Lines Described
Since western Oregon leads
the country in the application
of sprinkler irrigation to general
farming, a great deal of interest
has developed in the proper de
sign of small irrigation pipe lines
to get the maximum results at
minimum cost for materials and
power. M. R. Lewis, Irrigation
engineer at the experiment sta
tion, is the author of a brief cir
cular which contains tables and
charts to be used as a conveni
ent guide in determining most
efficient and economical sizes of
irrigation pipe lines.
Figuring such a problem Is
ordinarily a complicated mathe
matical process, but with the
aid of the tables and charts pre
pared by Lewis, the fact may be
determined without special m'
thematical ability. The pamphlet
is station circular No. 143, "De
sign of Small Irrigation Pipe
Lines.'
acreage through the elimination
of varieties not now in demand
is recommended, while change
in pear acreage might be limit
ed to removal of diseased trees.
Immediate and drastic improve
ment in prune quality' is neces
sary to save the prune industry,
the committee reported.
EXPORT CHOPS
OF STATE SEE
SEVERE LOSS
(Editor's Not: This Is on of
a series of articlts prepared by
the extension service at Oregon
Stat college on the report and
recommendations of the Oregon
lend usa planning committee on
how Oregon's agricultural pro
gram may best be adjusted to
meet the Impacts ot wsr and
national defense.)
Oregon's agriculture has suf
fered severe losses through the
gradual but almost total elimlna
Hon of export outlet (or some
of tht principal crop of this
state, even though growers have
gone far In reducing tha acreage
of export-type crops, the Oregon
state land use planning commit
tee points out in its summary
of present conditions and recom
mendation (or the immediate
future.
Wheat, prune, apple, and
pear are the principal export
crops of this state. During the
past decade wheat acreage has
been reduced approximately 24
per cent, prune 26 per cent,
apple 65 per cent, and pears 10
per cent. This means that Ore
gon's export crops, which for
merly accounted (or approxi
mately 30 per cent of the total
farm acreage, now occupy only
approximately so per cent.
There remain approximately
800,000 acres of wheat, 41,400
acres of prunes, 14,100 acres of
apples, and 19,000 acres of pears.
Under normal conditions, ap
proximately one-third of the
production of this total acreage
would go to foreign markets,
with two-thirds used in the
United States.
The state committee consider
ed each one of the crop ss
to the problems Involved and
possible action to be taken. Much
of the Columbia basin is ideally
suited to continue wheat pro
duction and unsuited to diversi
fied crops, the committee points
out. A number of its recommen
dations - for 1942 concerning
wheat have already been put
into effect by the AAA, includ
ing close correlation of acreage
reduction with soil conservation,
increase in loan values to nearer
parity, and reduction of acreage
allotment for 1942 to the mini
mum provided by law. Numer
ous other recommendations were
mad looking to the future.
Further reduction ia apple
acreage through the elimination
ot varieties not now in demand
is recommended, while change
In pear acreage might be limited
to removal of diseased tree. Im
mediate and drastic improve
ment In prune quality is neces
sary to save the prune Industry,
the committee reported.
Follow Citizens of
ttUlfmtl FALLS!
Do realize what fine SOUTHERN
PACIFIC train service you have to other
places in Oregon and California? Look!
ft FIY1 S.P. train dally hi eh alhewHoii.
DAY and OVERNIGHT train to bark
9 Portland and San Francisco. You can
onjoy roarfnl daytimo trip, or travol
whll yea tlp.
St !vry Mguhr ear it AIR-COOLED. ,
j. Our faros m low choapor than driving
f yoor own car. For example, hero's all It
et In ehslr cam
SXAMATM 1 AUS ta ttofr XaaaaMp
PORTLAND . $5.90 , $10.65
SAN FRANCISCO $6.60 $1 1.90
Next da you plan a trip, drop ia or ttltphon i
and tot at show you whit wo lur to odhrl
C. H. REEVES
Diitrttt tttitU tmtmt Ajm
IP. Senlea, Sertag aad Oak ha.
TtlapBoa lllk
PAGE NTNB
Return of Waste r -
To Earth Urged -
"Don't burn anything that
can be converted Into humus"
la a basic rule for maintaining
fertility of Oregon Mils, accord
ing to. Dr. R. X. Stephenson, toll
scientist at the OSC experiment .
station, In a new station clreu
lar No. 143,' entitled ' Humus
for Oregon Soils."
Humu or organic matter Is
what keep soil physically (it
Any waste product of the farm,
or city lot for that matter, such
as straw, weeds, stalks, suitable,
vines, canes or leaves, all are
valuable sources of humus and,
when returned to the soil, help
to prevent it becoming hard and
baked. Where such materials are
deficient in nitrogen their vaiu
1 increased and their decompo
sition hastened by the addition
of nitrogen fertilizer.
Estimates are that on year
of legume sod will restore about
a much humus a 1 lost with
one year of cultivated row crop.
The upper three feet of food
soil may contain more than 200
tons per acre of organic matter,
accumulated through thousand
of years, which Is lost under
cultivation at tha rat of about
7S0 pound per acre per year.
Oregon Insured '
Fire Losses Over
Three Million
SALEM, Aug. 21 tfWlitstired
fire losses in Oregon during
1940 totaled $3,719,302, ' on
which 93,294,783 insurance was
paid, the state (ire marshal re
ported today.
The - loss was approximately
the same as tha average for the
preceding 10 years, although the
insurance paid was $400,000
more than the 10-year-avtrag.
Hucks Entertain ;
At Francis Park
8T. FRANCIS PAWC ' VW.
tors at the Joseph Huck horn
over the weekend war Mrs,
Minnie Keller and children, et.-
sins of Mrs. Huck, and Mr. an
Mrs. William Tomascheck an4
three children of Ellis, Kansas,
Before returning home they
expect to stop ever In Phoenix,
Ariz.
The party also visited in On-
tralia, Wash. ' '
Government figures show that
there are now more than 2100
licensed women pilots. , ,
Don't Experiment!.
Speelfy .
Hygrode Fluorescent!
Fixtures and Lam
ni i uur waul, aHJ
or f. R. Hauf r I J
11 NKt tHN9ttYlMlHfn 1
1