News and Herald Farm Page
April 24, 1041
PAGE TWENTY-TWO
Dump Grounds for
Diseased Potatoes
In Control Effort
Using tht County Spud Dump Grounds
AAA BoosU Wheat Income
Hil'.i '1W"-fi'l 'i"win
L
16 PER CENT
OREGON
FARM
OPU
AT ON UP
By
WALTER JENDRZEJEWSKI,
Asst. Co. Agent
Establishment of county dump
ground! in the Malln, Merrill
and Henley districts Is another
advancement In potato pest and
disease control efforts. The
dump grounds were set up for
eelworm and ring-rot Infested
potatoes. They aro not intend
ed for ordinary culls which aro
an asset on farms with live
stock. Refuse, such as tin cans,
etc., Is not to be left at the po
tato dumps.
Dump ground sites were se
lected for ready accessibility
and Isolation from crop land.
Their locations are such ' that
Infection of other crop land
through irrigation and dralnago
water Is impossible. Fcncos
have been provided to guard
against danger to livestock and
prevent eelworm spread In this
manner. Budgets would not
permit fencing- at the Merrill
dump at the present time but
there Is good isolation at that
point.
Fills Need
There hns long been a need
for isolated ground to which
cellar cleanings and rotted di
seased potatoes might be taken.
Without such locations, eelworm
infested potatoes are hauled out
according to the discretion of
numerous potato growers and
left to infect land in numerous
different places. In order to
prevent serious losses from ring
rot It Is partlculorly Important
to clean out cellars and disin
fect them before cutting and
handling seed for. the new crop.
Although ring rot Is said not to
live over In son, a pne 01 cci'
lar cleanings might easily har
bor countless numbers or these
highly infectious bacteria. A
pile of cellar cleanings might
easily be the source ot initial
or even serious infection of a
seed lot otherwise free of ring
rot.
Any potatoes or cellar refuse
hauled to the dump grounds
should be well sacked to pre
vent scattering along roads.
This is particularly Important
in the case of culls containing
eelworm infected tubers. Eel
worm potatoes should not be
fed to livestock. Such feeding
results In wholesale scattering
of the nematode. Feeding to
hogs after cooking destroys the
worms which are in the pota
toes. Eelworm or potato nematode
Is a tiny worm which lives in
aoll. It obtains its food by en
tering plant roots and tubers.
After its entry Into plant tis
sue, the worm develops and
eventually produces from BOO
to 800 eggs. The eggs are lib
erated when the greatly enlarg
ed egg-bearing worm ruptures.
As temperatures rise the eggs
hatch into new worms which
find new plant roots or tubers
and repeat the process. The
most favorable soil tempera
tures for potato nematode de
velopment are from 70 to 80
degrees. Under Klamath basin
conditions, two broods are the
rule. The first brood hatches
and enters plant roots before
potatoes set. The second brood
enters growing tubers. On land
known to be infested with eel
worm, growers here hove In
some seasons been successful. In
holding down percentage of eel
worm Infected tubers by light,
frequent Irrigations, keeping the
soil temperatures at around 63
degrees. Low soil temperatures
make the first brood come lat
er in the season and- in some
seasons eliminates a? second
brood.
How To Identify
Infected potatoes can be iden
tified by a bumpy surface. Un
der each of thj bumps a worm
may be found. The roughness
is due to starch deposits caused
to be made at that part of the
tuber by the irritation set up
after the worm entered. Par
ing away a part of skin over
a rough spot will reveal an
opaque or sometimes ullghtly
discolored area in the center of
which a worm may be found.
The worms are very small and
they are hard to isolate even
when enlarged by egg forma
tion and can be seen readily
only with the aid of 'high pow
ered lenses after isolation.
Last year some infected po
tatoes with no external rough
ening were found. This was
perhaps due to a third, brood or
generation due to a long grow
ing season, The third brood
probably entered potatoes quite
well grown and sufficient Ir
ritation was not , present to
Old at 40? Get Pep
rKL NEW, YEARS' YOUNGER
Tm 71. MOLD, to ihtirt4 run-down. But
Ortrei pored I eouM et wp, 1 foijmct"
tAm, Bfetw, Oounell HJulU, It. OSTRKX Ublrt
fODUIn ton! itimultnti often nwlnd tiw jo
VIMmlD Di. For men inr! women. A 7!-rw oli
DOCTOR writ; "It tfa to mW.b ft p'"ti,
look It BiTMlf. Remittal Arui n iu -i-ri,i
ftOd.tr for 200. flttft VOttr DM Mn ttila weans Am w
SiaiSWer fsef "efrer 40"feMew
Par st Whllmtn Orel snd all etlwr
mod drug storkl,
cause heavier local starch de
posits.
Usually growers shy away
from land that Is known to bo
Infested. Infested land can bo
cleaned up by clean cultivation
for two years. The eradication
may not bo complete but for
practical commercial potato
growing, the eradication may
bo considered complete. The
principle of eradication by clean
cultivation Is starvation. Cruln
crops may be planted If weeds
are kept out. Of all plants,
only grain crops and grasses
are not suscrptlblo to nema
tode.
The value of dump grounds
In ring rot control will be ap
parent to growers own re of the
very Infectious nuluro of tho
causative bacteria. Tho Infec
tious nature of Pseudomunns
sepcdonlca Is largely duo to its
rapidity of growth and inultt
plication. I lie bacteria are
very numerous. There aro tcenv
ing millions of them in a sin
gle Infected potato. Only ono Is
necessary to Infect a seed piece.
If the cut or broken surface
of a soed potato comes in con'
tact with articles on which ring
rot bacteria are present, a plant
from the seed piece Is extreme
ly likely to produce a ring rot
infected crop. Tho articles may
be knives, cutting table, grud
Ing table, sucks, cellar floor ur
bin surface, and planters. Pick
er-plantcrs arc especially In
strumental In spread, since
Spikes may bo Infected and
each seed piece recel-es a fresh
pick Injury.
Thorough cellar ami equip
ment cleun-up and disinfection
is essential to control ring rot
A cleaned up cellar may be His
Infected with a formaldehyde
solution made up with one pint
formalin to 20 gallons of wa
tcr. The formalin solution ii
best for tools and equipment
A copper sulfate (bluestone) so
lution of ono pound to 10 gol
Ions of water is a good cellar
spray.
A pile of cellar refuse by the
door lakes a lot of effective
ness away from disinfection In
side. Bacteria aro carried back
Into the cellar every tlmo It Is
entered.
Feed value of good eelworm
free culls Is an asset every po
tato grower should capitalize on
by including a livestock enter
prise. . Potatoes are equal to
corn silago In feed value and
are three times si good as man
gels. Dumpgrounds were not set
up for dumping valuable live
stock feed. They arc a disease
and pest control measure. Po
tatoes dyed under the feed di
version program are not to be
hauled to dumps. Feed diver
sion payments are made for
feeding No. 2s or better to live
stock. Feed diversion potatoes
which cannot be fed in the near
future may be processed for fu
ture use by ensiling or drying.
The season of the year is at
hand when creamery operators
and dairymen who haul their
own milk and cream should give
careful attention to coverage of
the truck used for this purpose
The state department of agricul
ture dairy division warns that it
will require full compliance
with the state regulation cover
ing this matter.
'Several types of coverage are
practical. The department makes
no specific requirement as to
type of covering. Officials feel,
however, that canvas alone Is not
sufficient and that a padded cov
ering should be used if the truck
does not have a permanent top.
It is essential that covering af
fords protection from the sun's
rays as well as from dust and
dirt.'
Kidnoy-Dladdor
Sufforors Must
Prinfrl'Jator
6 Glasses A Day-Big Help!
Evtryont known how good wtttr Ii for your
Rnnernl he ilth -drink nil you ctn It (itn't
urt you and ti particularly good aid In
fl inning the kldneyn. But if your kidney
are sluggish and causing you trouble, water
alone may not be enough what you may
Eeed for proper relief la a good medicine to
elp flueh out exceia acldt and polaona.
If yon get np often at night. It pauses la
rant or anrnlnti", palms moUt. er If you get
aharp paint In rear back watrh ont far
then nay b natare'a warning that ynnr kl.
lists ar not fanetinnlng properly. That tt
tha time ta try Gold Medal Haarlem Oil Cap
an lee, tha mtdlclne need by mllllona at each
nfferera throughout tha world.
Beet of all, there'a no Ion waiting for
Mia lie with (fold Medal Haarlem Oil Cap
an Irapromptly thla effect I to diuretic and
stimulant acta to aootha bladder Irritation
and pnt mora healthful vigor Into laey Itltf
neya yon should feel better and look better.
Try Gold Medal Haarlem Oil Capiat ths
harmleaa bat potent formnla of Dr. Boerhane
Inelet on tha original and genuine look
for tha gold medale tf merit an the package
Coete but ISe at all d might. ;
u,:s
Pictures show cull spuds being dumped at the county dump
grounds are the latest development in potato pest and disease
Drive on to Produce Every
Possible Egg This Spring
A nation-wide drlvo to pro
duce every egg possible, from
laying flocks this spring has just
been announced at Washington,
D. C. as a part of the program
to Increase tho production o(
certain concentrated foods while
holding down the output ot
staple export crops such as
wheat, cotton and tobacco.
The prj'jrnm (its In well with
the suggestions m-icle through
out Oregon this spring by poul
try specialists ut Oregon Stuto
college, who recommended thnt
egg producers hold their (locks
to tho maximum o( present
housing facilities, and that
ample feed be used to insure
maximum production. Neither
tho national nor state situation,
however, warrants expansion In
permanent new housing, accord
ing to Secretary of Agriculture
Claude Wl.knrd and the Oregon
poultry spuclallsts
Eggs have been included
among a fow foods such is
dairy products, pork, and chick
ens for meat, tho production o.
which Is to be encouraged for
the next two years These foods
will bo needed in incrcascc
amounts In this country as In
dustrial payrolls are stepped up,
and they uro the easiest foods
to export under the present pro
gram of American aid to na
tions resisting aggression:
whilo corn Is the feed expect
ed to be used in greatest volume
in carrying out this program,
wheat will receive tho benefit
throughout the western states
DEAFNESS
If you hear, but do not understand conversa
tions, contact Mr. William J. Wilson, Sonotona
Representative, at tht Hotel Elk, April 24, 25,
and 26th. Full audiometrlc chart and demon
ttratlon of the new small vacuum tube Sono-tone-Audlele
The finest hearing aid available
I W2
i, . I
WeJW
particularly. Research carried on
at Oregon Slate college In the
last fow years hns shown that
wheat ll a suitable and even su
perior feod grain inr all types
of livestock It already forms the
chief Ingredient of Oregon poul
try feeds and the proportion of
wheat can bo Increased when
ever It Is cheaper than other
grains, according to tests nuifio
at OSC.
The surplus murki-tlng admin
istration hns arranged to sup
port tho market on the types of
food mentioned In order to main
tain prices profitable to tho pro
ducers. Avcrago levels aimed ut
are eggs, 22c; pork, $0 par cwt.;
chickens, 15c per pound, and
dairy products, basis of 31c per
pound of butter all prices
figured at Chicago.
Poultrymen to
Speed Egg Output
CORVAI LIS. April 24 (P)
Oregon will assist in tho nation
wide campaign to increnso egg
production to meet Increased
domestic and foreign demand,
OSC poultry department offi
cials said Wednesday.
Extension men ol tho college
havo advlstd poultrymen to (111
present housing facilities to
capacity and feed enough to In
sure full production this year.
There Is but ono objective, and
that Is to defeat aggression.
Samuel R. Fuller Jr., offlco of
production management.
4
0
ground No. 3 near Malln. The
control efforts.
PORTLAND. Ore., April 24
(AP) Bettor bread, now possi
ble through restoration of vita
mins In flour, will make bigger
men, G. C. Thomas, Minneapolis,
Minn., said Tuesday.
"Tho government Is encour
aging us to produce this flour,
(or It is oiu very decided con
tribution made to the de(cnsc
program in bringing bettor mi
trltlon to the masses o( people
in a basic food, ho said.
Addressing tho northwest
bakers' convention, the vice
president of General Mills, In
corporated, explained, "Tho pro
gram calls for tho restitution of
vitamin Bl, thiamin; also nico
tinic acid, which is another vita
min of tho B complex, and is
now known as the nnti-pcllagra
vitamin. With thwo Is added
mineral Iron, all bolng natural
to tho wheat in full grain."
Looking at tho bright side
supposo you lived at tho North
Pole and hubby stayed out all
night?
o ic.nlc letting.
yet within eaiy acceti
of everything, The
(iltmore oH.rt you Its
distinguished addreu
while In Los Ang.les.
Typifying traditional
western hospitality,
comfort and culture,
this fine hotel always
treats Its guests to an
adventure In art
of graceful living..
1500 SOOMI .,
SlNOLll from SI UV
OOUSISS ha St
P T, 1 Jf I
WASHINGTON, April 23 (A")
Total farm population In Ore
gon has Increased by lfl.t per
cent since 11)30 but preliminary
estimates for the country as a
wholo show an Incitaso of only
one-tunth of ono pm cent, tho
census burvuu suld today.
Connecticut showed the lurg
est Incrctinu 1UB per cent
and South Dakota tho greatest
decrease 21.1 per cent.
The total farm population of
Oregon was UBU.tJ.IH In 1U4U.
In 11)30 it was 223.(107.
Other preliminary census esti
mates toduy showed Oregon has
108 male for each 100 females.
Total 11)40 mule population was
estlinuted ut 8(13,864 and female
at S2;i,020
The whito population was
placed ut 337.214 males und
8 IB. OHO females. h 1030 the
Into hail 400,470 male whites
und 4411,1 1H (comic
Tho non-white pupulutlon (or
1040 was estlmuti-d ut 8U30
mules and 5734 (uimiIcs.
Another preliminary analysis
showed that thu sln'e had 40,372
innli-s and 43,003 females 03
years uf uxo or ovi i. The totul
numbers of person o( this age
In Oregon Increased 37 0 per
cent since IIKI0.
Flutfy mattresses mude from
surplus cotton hav gone Into
07 Klumuth homes to make for
better living. These were the
mattresses made ut tne Altomont
work centei by the Ijinllies who
received them.
Tho Altaniont work center
closed Monday. Apr.l 21 com
pleting 120 mattresses. Super
vising the work at this center
were the following local leaders
who donated their time ond serv
ice to the community' Mrs Anna
Funk, Mrs C. W. Judkins. Mrs.
Charles Thurman, Mrs. Lester
Wishurd. Mrs. M. E. Knuutts,
and Mrs. Imlg, Sewing machines
were loaned by tho Singer Sew-
SiaUtleil Steel
KITCHEN KNIVES
AIL
FOR
ONE-COAT MAGIC for walls,
furniture and woodwork . . .
THE EASIEST - TO
F..'Rs'WAU'GER -
S13 Marker
p
I i0 ; IOC , IOC
The U. 8, Department of Agriculture-says that Amsrlcsn farmert
who cooperated in the 1940 AAA program received a net return cjt,
ntarly 80 cents a bushel for their wheat. Compared with a probsbV
return of 40 cents a bushel or less had they been dependent entirely
upon the world market. The national farm program aids wheat growers
with crop loans, parity and conservatiog payments, crop insurance, and
an export program.
ing Mucnlnc company and by
local women in tho community.
l'lans arc being made to open
mattress making centers ot
Chilo(uln and Merrill on Mon
day of next week. The Merrill
center will be at tho community
hull, and ut Chlloquln in the
hull ncross the street from the
tclephono building. Applications
for these centers aie being re
ceived nt the homo demonstra
tion agent's "off iee.
TM WEED SEEDS
Screenings which contain a
consldcrublc amount of tar weed
seeds should not be fed to swine,
horses or cuttle, for the tor weed
seed may poison these animals,
reports tho state department of
agriculture animal division.
Hog losses due to- this cause
hove been experienced from time
to lime in eastern Oregon wheat
districts and also quite frequent
ly In Willamette va ley Screen
ings with tur weed seed come
from grain that hns been grown
in tho Islnnd Empire region and
some screening feeds come from
the larger, mills. They should
not be fed in large amounts with
out other supplementary feeds.
Symptoms of the poisoning In
5
SET OF
KNIFE HOLDER
79
WITH ANY PURCHASE OF DU PONT PAINTS
WORTH 90c OR MORE
There's a knife here for every kitchen
job carving, paring, slicing, coring
fruit! And every one of these extra
quality knives will stay sharp when
stored in this hsody holder. All knives
have beautiful rosewood handles,
tightly riveted for durability!
THIS SET HAS NEVER BEFORE BEEN
OFFERED AT THIS LOW PRICE ... IT
WILL NEVER BE AVAILABLE ATTHIS
PRICE AGAIN) GET YOUR SETTOOAYI
DUCO
Ma. ll. .at. a...
DUCO Is the msieit-to-nsi easmel
you can buy! It shows no brash
msrks . . . aires a sparkling, tile-
rise tunic, inst s
.80V
assy to keep clean.
- USE ENAMEL
IOC J
swine and horses arc due to
destruction of liver tissue. AnU
muls show a severe anemia,
symptoms of Jaundice and in
general present a runty appear
ance. "PASS THE APPLE TREE"
Instead of passing fruit at the
tublo in Jupun, they may pass a
wholo fruit tree. Dwarf fruit
trees, bearing nctuul fruit, are
grown in flowerpots by these
people.
DEEP EXCAVATION
The world's largest man-mode
excavation is an iron mine at
Hibblng, Minn. The mine is 350
feet deep, 2) miles long, and
mile wide.
"Artist Marries Mode 1"
headline. At last, the model wife!
AMAZINGIIQUID'
Proves WONDERFUL for
SKIN IRRITATIONS
(externally caused)
Contains 10 "special" IngredlerrUr
i)irouraod about tmrface pimplei.
blsvckrieadji, emmt, ringworm symp
toms? Then try wonderful medicitM
liquid Zmo a Doctor's formula backed
by SO yeara continuous successl
First applications of Zemo relleva
Itchy sorenens, ALSO aids healing. Use
niffht and morninr. Soon vour dunme
fort ahcL'M Uicappear. Moat convenient
because lt'a stainless, greaidesa, Doea
not sno-y on sum.
First trial convince!.
ZEM0
New Du Pont
HOUSE PAINT
STAYS WHITER
Keeps white houses whiter.
Your home will stay more
beautiful with this House
Paint that stays cleaner! Ia J
gallon lots.
Per Cal. t9S
ft)
Durable Beauty
For Kitchen Walls and
Woodwork (gjjp)'
INTERIOR GLOSS
Beautiful colors that
I are easy to keep
I t EM I 1. 1 . -1.
iLl ends and not
bathrooms " " qt.
Gives Your Floors
LASTING WEAR!
FLOOR & DECK
ENAMEL
For all kinds of
floors indoors
or out. Dries
quickly.
'J
Protects Floors!
SUPREMIS
FLOOR VARNISH
Preserves the beauty ot fine
hardwood i 1 o o r s. Resists
scuffing. Stands $105
hard wear..
qt.
Phone 7221