April 21,
1041
THE NEWS AND THE HERALD. KLAMATH FALLS. OREGON
PAGE SEVEN
Eyewitness Relates Last
uays Of Yugoslav Fight
(Edltor'i note: Robert St.
John, Associated Pros corre
spondent stationed In Bolgrado
whin the German army struck
Into Yugoslavia, tolli In hli first
dlspatoh line the Palm Sunday
Invatlon of paralyzing blows by
the luftwaffe,
(St, John, born In Chicago 41
yean ago, has been In the thick
nf Balkan event since the out
break of war In Europe, cover
ln the abdication of King Car
ol, of Rumania, the Rumanian
earthquake, German occupation
of Bulgaria, arrival of British
force In Qroece and Yugoslav
developments from tho entry of
Yugotlavla Into the Romo-Burlln
Tokyo alliance through the dra
matlo political upset which re
spited and the Oorman Invasion.)
Br ROBERT ST. JOHN
SOMEWHERE IN MONTENE
GRO WITH THE REMNANTS
Or THE YUGOSLAV ARMY
(Via Atheni, Greece), April 21
(Delayed) VP) Man German air
attack that killed at leant 10.
000 persons In Belgrade alone
and turned Yugoslavia'! princi
pal cities Into smoking shambles
struck the paralyzing blows
opening the Bulkun war.
Men, women and children
lay by the hundreds In tho do
brls of their homes aftor concen
trated nasi bombing attacks on
Itles.
These civilians were ordered
by tholr government not to clog
the roads by wild flight, hamper
ing the military as refugees did
in France, but to die on their
thresholds If necessary. And
there they died.
For nine days I rode across
augoslavla behind the lines,
etching the army try vainly
with rifles and oxen-drawn ar
tillery to repel the overwhelm
ing mechanized force of Hitler's
Panzer divisions and screaming
Sluka lombers.
Almost from the first hour of
the German Invasion, the urmy
was without communication
One division seldom knew what
the one next to it was doing.
Individually, the Serbian
forces fought with great bravery,
and , reported inflicting heavy
losses on the Germans. In one
day's attack the military claimed
destruction of 200 nazl tanks.
In spite of the furious resist
ance, however, tho German
wedge bit deeper Into the coun
try and the fighting beramo
hopeless.
I ssy the Serbian army
fooght because In traveling
bout I have wen msny Croatian
jdesjerteri, and In the critical
( V-n:rs of the fighting, officials
announced the Croat had revolt
ed In the north.
I wa In Belgrade the morn
ing the German air force at
tacked. The citizens, who had
not yet learned the nation was
ut wnr, poured Into tliu strocta
when tho sirens screamed and
the bomber squadrons roared
overhead. They stood and starod
curiously up at the planes und
did not take shelter though
there weren't enough shelters
for all.
It was a massacro. At least
10,000 died In tho capital alone.
In one square I counted more
than 200 bodies aftor the first
morning raid.
Almost at tho start tho water
supply failed and huge flros
ruged unchecked until the city
was mantled with a heavy
smoke pall.
The United States, British and
Greok legations were among the
first buildings destroyed, along
with most of tho government
quarter.
Bomber swept ovor In waves
for two days until the city was a
shattered, flaming shamble.
With several companions, I
followed the government toward
the Interior. We slept in ditches
and barns, and lived on hand
out from the hospitable pea.mnts
I who refused to accept our mon
ey
Nazi bombers strafed villages
and roads.
We arrived In Surajevo in tlmo
to moet another air blitzkrieg.
This city, where the assassina
tion of Archduko Fram Ferdi
nand marked an event leading to
tho World wnr, was blasted and
burned to ruins.
Tho flimsy, crowded wooden
buildings of Thebazaar In this
"most oriental city in Europe"
wero turned Into a flumlng muss
by the first Incendiaries, and
smoke rose toward the towering
mountains from tho burning
minaret of the many Moslem
churches.
Hooding toward the Adriatic
from Sarajevo we reached Mon
tenegro. Hero we found army
lenders putting down an abortive
fifth column uprising. Traitors
were lined up against a wall and
shot.
By the time we reached the
Adriatic coast it was apparent
that further Serbian rcslstanee
would be confined to guerrilla
warfare.
Barefoot Boys Mussed Up Musso's Men in East Africa
ea-j3B&
Take a look ot these members of the King's Afrlcsn Rifles snd you'll understand why IUlln East
Africa hss now become plain east Africa. New picture of BrIUch colonials from Kenya just arrived
In America.
FATAL WAGER
CREVE COEUR, III tJD
Carl Lesliv Stalling bet $2 with
his friend. Lyiu Hyneman, that
he could swim acrosi the Illinois
river.
tlyneman accepted the wager,
stood on the bank and watched
Stalllngs plunge in Half way
across ha sank. Hyneman was
one of '.hose who aided In the
hunt for his friend's body.
Elsewhere
In Oregon
By The Associated Press
BEND, April 21 The
army sent pnmphleU urging en
listment, to 1'ul Garvey, Bend.
Pat's Just Ignoring them, though,
for Pat is u girl.
bert, Mcdfcrd, legally dead.
They have been mlsing sinco an
attempted airplane flight to
Portland lust November.
LA GRANDE, Apill 21 VP)
Air corps officers will inspect
La Grande's class 3 airport with
in the next few days to deter
mine Its place in the military
prcporcdners program Dr. C. L.
GIlKtrnp of m- -v.c- aeronaut
ical board said here.
Mrs.
years
a cTnn t a a .ii oi ,i7, a-I BEND, April 21 UP)
AVIORIA, April ?! A) -An ' knQwn 20
of $37,000 for improvement, at , TnfYnnTd
Camp Clnt..op has oeen author-1 by , IIo,,ywood movlc ,tudlo
"ea- I that a film is planned on the
l story of her life.
CONDON. April 21 OP)
Twelve central O'l-tfoii nigh
schools will send bands hero
May 3 for the annual mid-Co
lumbia band festival
MEDFOPD. April 21 VP)
CLIPPED
BUCYRUS, Kas. IP) A Jor
sent a load of heaw sheet steel
splintering through the sides of
a Missouri Pacific aondola car.
In 17 miles, $7010 worth of
Circuit Jurive H. K. Ilanna sign- trackside signal equ'pment were
ed an order here Saturday do-; damaged. Later a station agent
clarlng Mr. and Mru C. E. Wal-1 flagged down the train
Six Escaped Nazi
Prisoners at Large
PENINSULA, Ont April 21
(AP) Three escaped German
prisoners of war were captured
near this Canadian Pacific rail
way station house in the night
and observers here said they be
lieved that only six of the 28
men who broke from the domin
ion's most isolated internment
camp Friday night were still at
large today.
Ottawa officials said they had
heard of the capture of only 16
of the Germans, three of whom
wore wounded, but an official of
the intern ment operations
branch said "information is
coming in slowly."
The new captures brought to
eight the number caught near
this wind-and-snow-swept point
between Schreiber and White
River and an unofficial list of 19
in custody. Reports here said
three others were killed when
they fled on being challenged
by armed searchers. I
Scientists Study Eyesight
For Greater Gun Accuracy
Br HOWARD W. BLAKESLEE
NEW YORK, April 21 (The
Special News Service) Ameri
can scientists are cohiing a new
phrase 'It' the eye behind
the gun that counts."
Facts Just coming to light
show unexpected dilfcrences be
tween a man's fighting heart
and what his eyes can do.
Some phases of this new study
already have passed into mili
tary hands. But the general fact
are in the scientific records.
They apply to the fire control
of big guns, and more particu
larly just at present to problems
of accuracy in anti-aircraft fire.
A scientists tell this story,
a mystery of the battle of Jut
land in the World war was one
starting point of the new study
In that -jea fight the story goes
that the Germans used a rather
new system of fire control.
The system was binocular
that is, both eyes were used at
once in the sighting of hair
lines that finally put the guns
on the target. The other, and
perhaps older system, uses just
one eye, like the man who sights
a pistol. Since Jutland, both
systems of fire control have
been In use.
At the start of this battle, the
German gunfire apparently was
superior to the British. This was
attributed to the binocular sys
tem. But later In the fight the
Germans lost their accuracy.
Eye fatigue and poor visibil
ity wore suggested as explana
tions. However, scientist now
know there may hv been a
mixture o other important rea
sons, all connected with the
eyes.
The amount of sleep the night
before the battle, anxiety, fright
or other emotions, and possibly
even quality of food are Includ
ed In the possibilities.
Dr. Selig Hecht, Columbia
university blophysicist and one
of the authorities on eye func
tioning, say that a trained eye
is sufficiently accurate to sight
one line above another so truly
that at on mile the shell will
not be more than a foot and a
half either way from the target.
Some of the work In his lab
oratory involves very accurate
sighting. The problem! ar simi
lar to those of the military fire
control. If the scientific expert
has not selpt well the night be
fore he does not even attempt
some of these testa
Furthermore, on or two
hours Is the limit of endurance
on work requiring accurate
sighting. After that, errora
creep in
The effect of emotion has
been uncovered scientifically
for the first time in recant
report by three member! ot the
department of psychiatry, Col
lege of Physicians and Surgeon.
Columbia university. They ar
Drs. E. I. Strongin, N. Bull and
B. Korchln.
Fifty persons t r f e i various
eye tests, and thun ropeated
them when placed so that they
had to (ear electrical shock. No
one actually wa shocked, but
the emotion inspired by the
risk resulted In marked change
in ability to use the eye.
When binocular (both eye at
once) abilities were tested, only
six per cent improved under the
goad of emotion. Fifty per cent
became worse. This may have
some bearing on the Jutland
mystery.
When all the tests were aver- -aged,
the eyes of 80 per cent
were definitely affected by
motion.
Ttir -v-
O
i
1 m ' W
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