I
OhTICIAL lilKbC'lOkH
aaTIOSal.
I'ri-airlnnl Wmxlrnw WllMin
Vli iTealilenl .... , Tlloiiiaa K Maranali
Mecrnary ill Mi ii. , miam J Hr.au
Hern ial, ni l ri aturr William n Mi Artixi
Hwri'Mrv l ar I.I ml if. . Miunixin
Aiturn.-v itKiiiTnl Jam... t: M, K, rnnUli
linlinaaii.r liaimral.. ,, , Allien M Hiirlemn
rWr.iar. nl Nay Jna..iiua Imineit
orr.lart nl Interior franklin K lu
""'ii'Uif nf AicMi'iilliir .. . iavll Him. inn
Heer.iary nl I i.iiiinrrr William C. itinnll
rWrelarf nl Ulxir ... William ll. Mliaon
Inlotiuu t'oniinvriK CoiuinlaaKmi r
.lar K Clark
STaTS.
Itovernnr .... Oawalri Wi-at
IWwralary of Stale M..11 W , Oli ml
Treasurer Tlma. H, Ka
attorn, 'taiiaral a. M. tlrawrorn
Kii nl. Hubilo Instruction I., h. A Merman
ruuir w . linniwi)
4Mlr nil Poua Uutn Jiihnii Mirklr
0. . Senators (lurry" (Jji'1)"l"'",r'Ul
(lent rwmn I J' f "
IN. J Hiaoott
t'mmcoiiiT
Chief Juatlo ...r. A. Moors
) Robert Kakla
II. J. Heatl
U. II. Hurnnil
T.A MuBrlde
iit iumuiAL tinrmri.
iaf Hour? I. Hntw.i
attorn? Join Irwls
LWIILATiri
Joint Senator W, l.alr Tiinn.ei
Vvruuu A fnrlxK
Leprsaentetlve ?
f Wesley o Mmll
II H. LANU UPKM'ltl
Jat K llu'grea HKtati
ttv4 I' rriiiiitiulllnr ... Kceetver
lllllierl ll Mr own Htipervlaot
Norman l Jecobeon Forest hiamlnrr
1. P, llremiau Mi I Tier I
LA k K roiTV
lo- B !,,
v.ttk r.w rm
Hhefirl w H Hniilri
Tfruurnr 11 A. Hawkins
""ir A.J. Fi.alei
Mrh'Mil Hiipi c. K. Olltei
Murvaror H. A. Muahrp
u.....i.nM. ) ?;JJ.X."a
County lux k InaiManlor ll. I. Malin)
Id WW OP LaaaVIkW.
I J Wllr.il Majul
Brail I
J. P. Duckworth rin,.i,ii.,
W. I', liykeman I
W. P. Paine Knourdei
A rllel.rr . Trraaurot
CHURCH DIRECTORY
ipTiur? MP. I HOIIIHT I'MDKrll-HDNUA Y
IcIiihiI at Hi a in . Preaching mrr Hiintlai al
111 a. ni. and 7 :!M p. in. Ki.worlu l.eean ever)
Sunday eteiilnt at :i. Prayer Mnrtlnf Tliiiri
'lajr at 7:i li. in. :iiolr meeting at M: Hu . an
..die' Aid Kvery WiHlnivlir at 1 ao p. in
'KvrrrlHHlr cordlttfl luvllanl In all a-rvlra.
II II. FKKHk, laalor
( A I IIUI.lt; III Ki ll k. V K K V nl .MiAV IArt
at a:lM) anil lo a.m. ; K.iwrr at 7:i p.m. Man
nil wiM-kilaya at 7:Ki a in. fc-rvlr lu the Ne
I tin rili. V T.KKHN. H. J.
Plltxr I HKMHVIKItlAN t III K 11 OP LAKK
VIKH' ini-ta In Ihn Maamiln Hall. Mumlj
HiliiKil at 10:uu A.M. ; Morn I m Hirnlrcal II ;l
tvniiinn Hi-rvirn at l:na. I'rayi r alm-tlng mi
Mi-lma1a)ra at 7:i I'.M. All ar riirillallj lu
lt..l. KkV. dtl) A. (. KAVSKOKI. l a.u.r.
I.AkP.VIKtV arlHI OI'Al. MiMl(IN-ly Maad
Ilia K.-rvliva in llin Hall ol tlin Mlaalnn In inr
hiwuiaul L.i'.I.C. (IIiiuIIiik HulMinu) I niol
fin-el. irrv Humlajr rvvuluK al 7: Jo U'Clwl
All am furillally Invlii-il.
PIHHT HAI'llMT lirit'H OP hhimp I Hi
at Niw i'ltii t rtik, ori'uon. rrrarlilnff aai
til alii A M aul 7:.ml'Mol rarli Hun.la
nl nrrr uunilli Hiimlar M'IiimiI at 10 A M
I'rayi'r mvIi-4-al 7:iu iiu M fluomlay t-voulu.
,1 i i li wroil All ar runtlally luvllrd I
attouil i lit' M?nlc'a.
KKV. I. K. HKNUKKHON.
I.AKKV1KVV l.ulKiK No 71, A. P. A A. M. llulil
atat iniMtlnaa Halurila on or b.'fiir lul.
ukmiii. Marco ri. April l, Mar Hurrlai
min'tliika it fMiii rail. Ki'itirall)r hatiirday rvri'
Ifiarau 'lalilna brmbrau wilfoin0. K, If.
WiMMli'iM'k. W, U. ; J I lia, nuntli, Hoc'jr
DKllKKK OP MOSOK-I.AKKfHIJKK I.
o. 77. I ol II., A.O. I'.W., Maul. II at 0
Ihird Ttiuiiaj. o' enrti niotilli
Hall: Inula Hi ii ii li . I. ol II ; X Hi' lie
Auucr, I' ul IV; l.llllit llarrla, lU'i uMcr.
I. . O. P.-I.AKP.VIhW KNi I.III'MIM Mi .
1. U, O. P.. nireia tliv Aral and Uiir.l limn
Jay vTiMiiiiua til rai:n iiioiii ii in Oil I -iilwi
Hall. I..Wryii'V. ). II. Hi'iiila. '' 1' K P
t henry. r 1 1 .. .
A O. I'. I.AKKVIKW UHMiK M ill.
MtM-ts ivi-ry .ihmiiiiI and luurlh I nuradar o
ra'h. mnnih in Maamlr llnil. I.Hkiviii
K K. Van 'iuri. M v an lln iinali, f,
A.O. II. IHVIHiON I. I.AKfct'lllM'Y, M a. I'H
vary a cmnl aul fmirth Mouilar nl lach
mmitli, In I '. K Hh!, l.akrvii w. V J.
hulilvan, Cnimli l ri a , ll. k. O't'umior, l'n
Dan Br. niimi, Hi ry
A. O P.-t il,KT riNKW'OOD No ivvui, MKtTH
very Aral ami Hurl Mouday nl rai'h inoulli
III Maaunli' Hall. E. K Inn r.C.K .C llrecn,
H. C. H.; W. Arfiiur, K.B.; U. Hirtplln, H H
I. O. O. P- I.AKKV1KVV lAIIHik, Nli.ll, 1
O. P., dimM ery Maturday I'vuulny j
Pellowi Hall, at 7:W o'i liK k, Iroiu Oi'in ! I
lo April I, and at k oli'lock Iroui Apn' I "
rWitmbr Hu. W. e. Vuriuiii, N. ti.. K. II.
Clark, (tucrvtary
KKBKKAIl I.OIM.K-LAKkVIKH i.olHiK, NO
Ti, l.O. O.P., IniHiU til kot'uml and loiinli
Krlilavai.l ,-arh mnnth In Odd Pi'llowa Hal
Mia. II. bailey, N. (I.; V. II. Moaa.Hco'y.
PkOPIiSSlONAL CARDS
(JUAhl.Kh I'.MHacii
Land and Law Olilce
Abstractor ol TUloa
Katklillahed linn Uu'i"
J. K. Cuiiii
Attorney at Law
and Notary Public
Ukrvlro. fr Kt
OPPC'K-Ualv Hllllilllh.
J I). VKNATOH
Attorney at Law,
I jiii d Hatlrai raiK-rlnin
- OPPK'P.-.Palf Huliuiua.
W. I'AIK TJiOMI'SON
Attorney at Law
OfJice on 3rd Floor lleryfortl IMiltf.
Lakktikw, UKKuor
I p A. NHEUMAN
ATTOHNKV AT LAW
State and U. S. '.'ourt rructkee
on.ee . ALTUKAH, 0AK1F0KNIA
I)K. ,T. IltVINO ItUSSUI.L
rhyalclan ami HuraaMin
Office i
Snyder & Itcynohls Drutf Store
I'HONKl Office, Main
' Kealilenv 7 7
J. U LYON
DENTIST
Ma. 313 Heryfonl Hldx.. Lakevltsw, Oro.
VV. HAY DEN FISK
DENTIST
8ult337-339Hrytord Blag.
PHONKl
OIHoa B52 Hmtd tno 954
Classified
A Want Ad In The Lake Coury Examiner
KcpcMtcil a lew times, ll nufssnrv, will timi .n.tM.
for that property ol 30111s. I lu ;ne seimiml elsi
by intending Imj.th, nnl the en t is i omiii'il " tents
the line for each insertion, special lon-time raie.
POH MIK
KOIt HALK HV4 of HV4. HW4 Of
Ni:V., Hnc. 33. twp. 3, It. 1; al
hc lot 38, block C2, (. V. L. Add.
I'rli'o 300. AtlilroHN Ilanli'l
KiirKunari, 1'oratullo, Idaho. F 5-t4
I IIK LitkuvifW AliHira; t 4 'l ltli- I n
la in a k i n B micII irfrt mi AtiMtracta
lo O. V. L. '(.' TrartM mill Town
Litj.
WAKTMI
TO MOHTU AO K tO iktoh tnar
Liiknvli-w, Oregon. RW'i KW'
Hi-c. 11, Tp. 3 9, ItittiKo 20 K.
Would llko to rout kuiiim or mlxlit
hi-II. Mm. Ilrown. Ill K Ulli
St., Dch Mol li oh, Iowu. y 12
A(JICNT3 WANTKD Write" "todiiy
for pprmuiioiit imltloii on our
miliii forro. l'ri-vlvuii Honing t-x-liiTli-nco
not !ii'frKnry. Horiulro-iik-iiI
miiMt Im wlllltiK to work
iiml follow liiHtruilloim, with a
ilcnlri) to bt'ttcr your coiiditioii.
Wo li'itrh HalPHimiliHlilp. ritclllc
Nurni'ry ('o.. 300-308 Htotk Kx
ilKttiKu IlldK., Portland, Oro. KG14
,(;knth wa.n riii Wiite tMiiv
for i'i miiiiet) t poHltion on nnrnalen
loriMt. I'revlidi Hclllni; cxpt-ni-ure
not iirvMiry. I!riiilri'iiiciit nnit
Im williiiif to work hikI fullow In
atriirtloiiM, with it tlomrc to iH-tirr
your rmnlit kid Wp leiich li--innnHlilp
1'Hrllle Nnrm-rv I'o , ,'kU
:ms Simk KxcliiiiiKi iililif . I'r
lulid, Orn. I'' f Al
I .OUT AMI Pi All
CA.Mi; TO my'pluco ClirlHtinim da,
brown KiddliiK colt, branded IK'
on loft ttliouldiT. Owm-r ploa.iu
cull ami pay cliurgi'B and advi-r-IIhIiir.
( Iimh. Si-am, ono milu up
Ki-llcy Crook, ono milu north of
Now I'lno frok.
a-IIOKM A.l l.,Bt.
ii. ri'TLKK w 1 1 1 n k v"a t" t iTk
llotol Litkovli-w liur. TliHboHtiind
liiin-Mt whlnk.v ininlo. tf
MMIK ATTIIK NOTJCK Ktllt UK
wnnl Jhmiii'iI hy tin Tvloihom
'oiiiiniiy for tlt'HtroyliiK It rop
rty. Kit f
TiU KLM AKO.
A KKWAKO or nfty dollara Is here
iy ottered for intorniatlou that will
lead to the arrtm' aud couvictiou of
in j peisou who hta stolen wires or
ithur property from our Company;
.nd the eatno reward is hereby otfered
'or Infortnui i n I lint will lead to the
trrnt aud (lovictlon of aoyoue des
ToyiiiK tr property of the Company.
Chas. Umbacb,
-innretui y Ldtke Co. Tel. A Tel. Co.
V tf
I t.i.M. 4IIVKUTIHUI.
.NOI'ICK OK FINAL Av.COCN I' 1
In tin Matter of the 1',-tsle ol Kmc
lint M l.li evllle. di-coilHiil.
Notice is hereby ttiven ills' the
tlliderxiiriieii ail iiiiuIm ra t o- of tile op
late i if Kiin-llne M. l.'iulllc. iletviittod,
llMM fi It'll Ills IllKll MlVlillllt nf the inl
IllllllHtrutloil nl Hind on lillo with tllt
C.iiinty clerk of I. ke Comity, Oroic.ni.
and tlietouiity Ci.tirtof Lake County,
Oregon, has ty order fixed Thurmluy.
the luth day of Ki brunry, 1H14, lit the
hour ol 10 o'clock, a. in., us the time,
aud the county court room, in the
couuty court house, In I.akevlew,
Oregon, an the place lor hearing said
final aocornt and all objections there
to, and for sett lenient thereof.
Therefore, all ihtmoiis interested
hiv hereby untitled aud required to
file their oiiJi'ctlniiH to Htiid a. count, if
hiiv they have, in writing, with the
county clerk of Lake County, Oregon,
liefore the Ulih day of February, 114.
Dated this 10th dsy nf January, 1UI4.
G. W. JOHNSON, administrator
of the estate of Kineline M. Llu
vllle. Deceased.
NOTICK OF FINAL ACCOUNT.
Notice Is hereby Ktven that the
uiiderttiafned, AdiuiniHtraio'H of the
I'artiieirtlilp Fxtste of 8. F. AhlHtrom,
di'CenM(, aud Win. tiuuther. diil on
the 2nd tluv of Fohruary, 1!H4. hie
thli' hlnal Account lis such Adminls
tratorM In the Couuty Court of the
Staff ol Oregon, lor the Comity tif
Lake, aud the Honorable H. Daly,
Jude of said Court, on salt! date,
did tlx Saturday the 7th day of March,
11)14, at the hour of ten o'clock in the
forenoon thereof, an the lime, and
the County Court room in the County
Court house iu Lakevlew, Lake Coun
ty, Oregon, as the place for the hear
ing ot said Final Account, and any
aud all objections thereto, and fur
settlement thereof.
Now, all perrons interested therein,
aud having objections to satd Final
Account are hereby required to present
the same aciording to law on or be
fore the above date and hour set forth
as the time for hearing of said object
Ions to nald Final Acconut, and the
settlement thereof.
Hated this 2nd day of February.
1914.
F. M. MILLER, and
Wm. GUNTHER,
Administrators' of the Estate of S.
F. Ahlstrom, deceased, jind Wm.
(lunther. 15 5t
NOTICK TO CRKHITORS
In tho County Court of the State
of Oregon, for the County of Luke.
In the matter of the Estate of
Thomas C. Flyun, Deceased.
To all whom It may concern: No
tice Is hereby given, that the under
signed has been duly appointed Ad
ministrator of the estate of Thomas
C. Flynn, deceased, by order of Hon
orable li. Daly, Judge of the County
Court of the State of Oregon, for
Want Ads
I.M.AI. All' HTIaikl.
thn county of Lakn, duly md and
uiitorod In aaid court In thn abovn
niitlllod matir on February 10th,
1914.
All piTKona. havlnx claims aKalnut
Huld doi oariod or said Astatn, aro hi re
by ro'iulrcd to present the sarno ac
coinpunlcd by tho proper votiihorn,
as riMjulroil by law, within Mix
months, after tho date of the firm
publication of this notice, to said Ad
mlnlHtrator at tho Law otllce of L.
K. Conn, In the town of Lakevlnw,
Iake County, OrcKon.
Hated and firm published Feb
ruary Uth, 1S14.
JOHN C. FLYN.V.
AilmliilHtrntor of tho KHtalu of
ThoniiiM C. Klynn, doceaHed.
IN Till; COUNTY COURT OF THIi
STATU OF OKJOOON KOH
LA K 10 COUNTY
In the matter of the putate of Morris
WliiKlield, KeceiiHcd.
Citation
In the name of the State of Ore
iron, To Nadie Wlnicneld. Huth
WlnKfleld and Naomi Wlnicneld.
heirs at law of Morris Wlngfleld, de
ceased, and to all known heirs of
wilil Morris Wlnclield, deceased.
Hy an order of the above entitled
Court duly made and entered on the
4th day of February, 1914, you and
each of you are hereby cited to ap
pear In the above entitled Court at
the County Court ' room in the
County Court house In the Town of
Liikevlew, Lake County, Oregon, on
the 14th day of March, 1914, at the
hour of ten o'clock A. M., of said
day, and then and there show caune.
If any there be, why an order of this
Court should not be made author
izing nnd directing Nadie Wlngfleld
as administratrix of the estate of
Morrla Wlngllold, deceased, to sell
nt private hale In tho manner ;ro
vidotl by law the following described
reul property belonging to said es
tate, to-wlt: N'fc of NEVi, Section
16; W'A of SK,a. SW '4 of NIC U ,
and Lot one. Section 19; NK'i of
NW'i, Section 16, all In Township
39 South, Kunge 24 Kast, W. M.
It is further ordered that this ci
tation be served, upon the non-resident
and unknown heirs and de
visees by publication in the Luke
County Kxuminer, a newspaper of
general circulation printed and pub
lished in Lake County, Oregon, for
four successive weeks prior to the
14th day of March, 1914.
Witness tho Hon. li. Daly, Judge
of the County Court for Lake
County, State of Oregon, with the
seal of said Court a nixed this 4tl.
day of February, 1914.
AtteHt: F. W. PAYNE.
County Clerk
MACADAM ROADS
BECOME OBSOLETE.
i U of Concrete, at Least as Bat, Ad-
vocatad by Experts.
"Wotorbouiid miicitdnin roads, which
for practically a century hnve been
adequate for the trstlic. have now, un
der the new conditions, become obso
lete, and their further construction
means a serious waste of public
funds," suys former President Lewis
It. 8 pen re of the American Automobile
association
"Macadam may answer for side
roads and cross roads where there Is
little travel to wear the surface luto
dust uud few fast moving vehicles to
throw the dust into the air to be blown
away. Hut for main roads a method of
construction must be put in operation
which will produce durable rouds.
"Wherever It can be used concrete
makes a most excellent road, or a road
base for some other kind of surface.
The state of California bus adopted
coucrete construction for practically its
entire system of state highways.
Wayue county, Mich., has been build
Ing concrete roads for live years.
"Before tho Wayne county authori
ties had learned by experience how to
build concrete roads with expansion
Joints to prevent the concrete from
cracking In cold weather and buckling
iu the hot sun. several miles of roads
were built which broke into frequent
cracks. To repair these cracked sec
tions of road they poured hot bitumin
ous material Into the cracks and cover
ed them with sttuQ. This has worn to
the level of the concrete, and the
whole forms a smooth road to travel
over, and one which looks as If It
would stand for a generation at least
"In Borue sections of the country the
concrete is being used as a base, and
two or three inches of broken stone,
mixed with bituminous materials, put
on for a surfuca. If properly built this
kind of road should be very durable
and should justify the additional ex
pense "The concrete will furnlBh the
strength required to bold up the loads
which are constantly growing heavier,
while the bltumlnlxed surface will pre
vent the creation of dust, making the
road pleasant to travel over.
"The only proper way to figure on
the cost of a road Is to consider both
the original cost and the expense of
maintenance for a period of ten or
fifteen years. Under present conditions
of travel a macadam road would have
to be resurfaced every two, or three
years and would be in bad condition
two-thirds of the time."
ROAD BUILDING
A SCHOOL STUDY
aaiaaWaHa
Plans of an Oregon District
Supervisor.
A PRIZE COMPETITION.
An Interesting Esperiment Making
Read Budding a Course ef Study In
! Rural Schools Is to Be Made In Lane
County, Ore.
Road building as a coarse of stody
In rural schools is to be tried in a dis
trict of Laue county. Ore., and a wo
man Is to direct the work. The idea
was conceived by Miss tioldle Van
lilber. the district school supervisor,
says a recent re'iorL
Actual road building Is the labora
tory work which will accompany this
course. The children of each school
will build and maintain a atrip of coun
try road near the school building. The
school whose rusd stands and Is found
in the best condition when winter
comes will be the winner of a contest
! for which two sliver cups have been
offered as prizes.
"I was sfrald that the county court
might not allow me to experiment on
the roads, but It has even authorised
the supervisors to furnlsb rock or
gravel, handle owder snd do the
work that children could not do alone,"
sold Miss Van HI her.
The county court saw In the scheme
of Miss Van Blber s plan to establish
the fundamentals of good road build
ing In a new generation and at the
same time Interest the present genera
tion In the principles of drainage and
highway construction, which the chil
dren learn at school. It has entered
Into the plan with enthusiasm.
Miss Van Biber has jurisdiction over
700 square miles, extending into Lin
coln. Lane and Douglas counties. All
the year, by horseback, boat or on foot,
she travels over the rough mountain
highways and up along the small riv
ers. She Introduced manual training
In the Rluslaw schools, and exhibits of
handicraft, sewing, carpentry and bead
work from Florence took first prizes
at the county fair, ahead of the Eugene
and advanced Volley schools. She In
stalled the Industrial work and put it
nnder proper supervision. Road build
ing Is her next step
Speaking ef her plan, she said:
"This is no scheme to work children
on the roads. Tbey will care for only
100 yards, and not necessarily that
much, if the district road is difficult.
The road building Is not to be taught
by the teachers, because the average
teacher Is not qualified to teach road
building.
"We shall organize a good rends club
in each school. We shall give the
scholars credit for Ue hour or more a
week that they spend on the roads.
Those who undertake the road work,
which will be purely optional, will be
excused from studying the road chap
ter In the agricultural manual. The
whole plan is to arouse interest In
roads and give adequate instruction,
and the already overworked teachers
will not be burdened with this addi
tional work,
"Of course all districts will not be
able to participate, because many
schools are built on trails. Tbey have
no roads on which to work. Possibly
these districts can compete for the
prize by laying out and actually build
ing a piece of road past their school."
ROADS AND LIVING COST.
Cost of Hauling Big Factor In Expense
of Farm Producta to Consumer.
Until very recently the vast majori
ty of people failed to understand that
the good road la not a mere country
dweller's convenience or the means to
motorists' pleasure, but that it Is an
actual economic necessity. That It
costs the farmers of this country more
for a ten mile haul of produce from
farm to town than It does to ship that
produce from New York to London la
a fact. That it costs farmers abroad
from one-half to one-tenth as much to
haul a tou a mile on a road as It does
the farmers of this country Is another
fact.
That practically every pound of flesh
and bushel of wheat we consume mast
travel over a road at least once and
sometimes twice before we eat It la a
third fact The three are the answer
to one part of the question, "Why does
It cost so much to live?" Some one
bas to pay for the expensive hauling.
Some one bas to pay for the deprecia
tion in the value of the horses and ve
hicles caused by poor roads. Some
one bas to pay for the extra time it
takes to banl cotton to market when
two mules are required to haul two
bales ten miles in one day, when on a
good road the same two mules could
haul twenty-four bales In the same
time with the same effort.--Subarban
Life Magazine. '
Nsw Roads For Wisoonsln.
Mora than $4,000,000 worth of new
toads, about 1.400 miles, will be bulKln
Wisconsin in 1914, announces the state
highway commission. This Is 500 miles
more than were built In 1013. In wblcb
more than $3,000,000 was spent '
The state will distribute among the
counties about $1,240,000. Requests
for more than $1,550,000 of state aid
bare been made, but the state will fall
ahort by $350,000. This amount will
be made up by the counties. More
than 1,400 separate pieces of roa4
were completed In 1913.
ooooooooooooooooooooooooo I
, o '
2 "PORK BARREL" ROAD BUILD- O
ING. gj
O o
O When enthiiHlHstlc advocates o
O of good road from all pnrts of g
g the country moot In convention o
O it Is Inevitable that S ouiliber of
g III coiiMldered pin us should be O
O proHmod. plnus thst would do
q far more barm than good lo the O
' O cause.
One of these Is the proposition g
i o tbst the federal government 0
o should vote so Indefinite number g
g of millions for the work aud o
O place the money In the bands of g
g the local authorities That slm- o
o ply means dividing It among the g
g constituencies that have return- o
O ed congressmen with a poll It
Is the old rivers snd hsrhors g
o plan, wblcb has wasted more o
o millions of public money than g
o would suffice to build a road o
o from Detroit to New Orlesns g
g and keep It In repair for twenty o
o years, not to speak of laying g
g out a grassy boulevard strip and o
O a footwalk on either side of It
g This money has been delllierate- o
o ly shoveled Into little harbors 0
vhat were never beard of before g
O and that which never sheltered o
anything bigger than a tag or g
o a fishing boat Better Roads. o
o o
oooooooooooooooooooooooooo
P. 0. DEPARTMENT
AND, GOOD ROADS.
It Directs Co-operation With Authori
l tiee For Improvement.
( Good roads movements throughout
the country are to have substantial
support from the poetofflce department
j First Assistant Postmaster General
: Roper bas notified officially postmas
ters of all classes that "It Is the desire
of the department that they co-operate
with state and county authorities In the
endeavor to Improve the condition of
the public roads.
"The departments attention." con
tinues Mr. Roper, "bas been attracted
to proclamations Issued from time to
time by the governors of states desig
nating certain days as good roads
days, and postmasters, as representa-
tives In their communities of the na
tional government are expected to
manifest as active an Interest In this
movement as Is consistent with the
proper performance of their official du
ties." COST OF DRAGGING ROADS.
C F. Chase of North Dakota Agricul
tural College Gives Estimates.
At the borne farm In southeastern
Nebraska, writes Professor Chase,
there is a stretch of road a half mile In
length that we hare dragged for seven
DRAGGING A COCNTBT BOAD.
years. Only once during this period
has this road been worked with any
thing but the drug. Two years ago the
side ditches were cleaned with the
common road grader.
A careful record of the time taken to
keep this road dragged bas been kept,
and for tho first five years it runs as
follows:
Two trips for one uiau and one
team requiring one hour's time for one
dragging Is the basis taken. The first
year we d rapped it fifteen times, the
second thirteen, the third seventeen,
the fourth twelve and the fifth four
teen times, or seventy-one dreggings of
oue hour's time during five years.
This at 30 cents an hour for man and
team la $L20 a year for the halt mile.
For a mile It would be $3.52 annual
cost of maintenance. Another road In
the Immediate vicinity cost less than
$10 per mile annually. The soil Is not
quite as heavy as Red river soli, but
the rainfall Is a little more than thirty
inches. A case Is noted In Public
Roads Bulletin 48. United States de
partment of agriculture, where the
cost of similar maintenance of roads
In Arkansas was $11 per mile. State
Engineer Uerbart of Kansas puts the
range of cost for dragging at from $4
to $10.
The cost for North Dakota should
not be over $10 per mile, while In moat
cases It would be much lees, the cost
depending upon the character of the
soil, the rainfall, truffle apd grada As
an average for all dirt roads I would
place the annual cost of maintenance
at $7.50 per mile or $460,740 to drag In
a satisfactory manner the mads In
North Dakota one year.
The total expenditure on public
roads of .iortb Dakota outside of
towns In 1911 was $091,540. If prop
erly organized and If the people were
educated we could proiierly maintain
ur earth road with present road fund
and have $'jnu.SH0 left for bridges, new
(instruction, etc.
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