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TO BREED UP A DISEASE.
tffortj, ol the Government to Start a M.igur Among Destructive Varmlntv
ouv 1 1 iiot t mi rem u
l"ld yon pvrr sw n rut or mouse or
Wild rnMilt sli-k front wh.it tuiclit
be termed nnturnl ciiiko'; Arty
np who can contribute such nn animal
to the IVpnrtniont of Acrioultiiiv may
unwittingly confer n Iwinatit of mil
lions of dollars nnnu.'illy on this
country. Whnt the 1 apartment wants
Is n fatal nml contritions malaily,
which It Is working hard to pt now,
but up to date the work Is merely
promising, there having lncn no satis
factory result to record. So If any one
has n hutch of rnhhits sweit off by
a sudden and mysterious disease. or
if he notices any swift and sudden j
mortality nmong the rats and mice
In his locality, that may be the very ;
thing the Department Is looking for,
be bought by the pound and spread
on bread. The contagious uallty
has not developed yet in any of the
foreign cultures tried.
nn: kaiuut ri:sr.
The biological survey has lnen able
to do a good deal In it practical way
with the rabbit iost. Some time ago
the forest service set up a howl of in
dignation. It had planted some hun
dred thousand young trees, nursery
stock, in one of the California forest
reierves. and the rabbits nte them
up In about a week. Then It seeded
several hundred acres with white pine
to restore the land after n tire, and
the rabbits cheerfully set to work, dug
up all the seeds and ate tuoiu. Hut
rriAiuiK nou.
One ff Hi.' IVsrs ,.f thf West.
I
ud one of the rodents should be forth
with dispatched to Secretary Yilon.
He will be glad to get it.
Of course, every one knows that the
gopher problem is a serious one in
many parts of the West, and the rab
bit pest has at times threatened to
devastate Australia, and even Cali
fornia. Altogether the small animals
do a great amount of damage, but
most people do not realize what its
aggregate really is. Yet in one cou..
ty of the state of Washington last
year field mice destroyed at least
h;)t a million dollars worth of prop
erty, while in the same time wolves
in Wyoming alone mulcted the stock
men of ?i.(Xm.(nin worth of cattle,
while the damage from tield mice, and
similar little "varmints"' throughout
the United States, especially in the
West and South, amounted to many
millions.
TASK OF THE SCIENTISTS.
To cope with these pests is one of
the most interesting tasks of the
biological survey of the Department of
Agriculture. It has been working in
a quiet way for several years, and ba-
ahput come to the conclusion that al
though it is possible to trap, poison
and otherwise reduce the pests in
many instances, the tiling that U
really needed is a contagious disease
that can be bottled up in the labor
atory and distribute'! to do its uvn
work on an inlinitely more effective
scale than can traps and poisons.
That there is some such disease, or
that one can be produced, th" scion,
tists of the department do noi doubt.
The trouble up to date has been
to find it. The biological servey is
working in conjunction with the j till there
bureau of animal industry. Some to be a
promising leads have been struck, but
none of them have turned out v be
Just what was wanted. For instance,
while they are working with one dis
ease now that is fatal to a certain
breed of field mice, it will not touch
others, and the rats laugh at it in
conscious immunity. Also there are
plenty of eontarious animal diseases
that could be turned loose on the rats,
ground squirrels, and rabbits, bnt as
they would kill a horse just, as quickly
as they would a rat, they are not
wanted.
ERNEST THOMPSON SETO.VS
FIND.
Some years back the survey lost
Just the chance ir has been looking
for. Ernest Thompson Seion was p
in Canada, where there was a pest of
rabbits, and noticed that they were
rapidly dying out. Some mysterious
disease was carrying them off. and it
was not long before the country was
almost cleared of them. lie realized
that this disease might prove valuable,
and managed to catch some sick n.b
bits which he shipped to a laboratory
in New York, but the problem was not
just in the biologist's line, and he did
not realize the immense importar--
of it, so the secret was not grasp
Now the biological survey is look ;
out for similar occurrences, and if i
opportunity offers, will make the ne
. of them.
There is u field mouse disease that
is harmless to domestic animal-, and
the survey is trying hard to make it
virulent enough to do business with
some of the larger pests, lr piomi-es
well, but the scientists have had too
many disappointments to be bragging
in advance. They are. however, act
ually trying to reinforce the disease
and make it worse than it lias proved
up to date. This is getting pretty deep
Into the network ol" gcrmology and
toxic science. It means really breed
lng up disease germs on somewhat the
eame plan that plants and animals are
now bred by the department. Hut
there is a hope that theynay be utile
to do something with it. Anyhow
they are trying.
There has been a number of reports
from abroad of the wonderful things
foreign bacteriologists have succeeded
in doing in the line of contagious dis
eases for small animal pests, but
though cultures Lave been bought
abroad and tried faithfully here no
results buve ever been obtained. Some
of the geruis have proved fatal to the
animals that ate them, but the same
Is true of any sort of poison that can
the biologists were loaded for rabbit,
so to speak, and they furnished the
forest people with a harmless wash
to soak their June nuts In before plant
ing, and with a cheap dip for the
nursery stock which a self-respecting
rabbit will no more nibble than will
an ordinary human being smell auto
mobile odor for a perfume.
In this the biologists confessedly
took a leaf out of the 1 oek of the
Piute and other desert-dwelling In
dians. The I'iutes have been caching
foMl supplies of pine and pinion nuts
in the desert for hundreds of years
and they found that the rabbits", the
ground squirrels and prairie dogs
would clean out their cache. Hut
they found by experience that there
was a little desert weed that the
ground animals disliked excessively
and that anything dlpcd in a tea
steeped from the bark of the weed was
rabbit-proof for a long time thereafter.
So- the rabbits were checkmated on
that play and the forest officers have
no more trouble froi , that quarter.
PEACI E OF THE WOLVES.
Hut it is the very presence of the
forest reserves that has bred the
present plague of timber wolves in
the West. No hunting is allowed in
the reserves and they form nurseries
for game of all sorts. Hut it seems
that they breed wolves quite as fast
as they breed anything else, of which
fact the cattle raisers have been made
painfully aware.
In the days of the buffalo on the
plains, thousands of wolves lived on
the herds. When the buffalo were
killed off the wolves disappeared also.
was not one where there used
thousand. Then '.he cattle
men began to stock the ranges, and
the wolves found conditions much the
same as in the buffalo days. They
promptly multiplied and increased till
they are now doing an immense
amount of damage, aided largely by
their asylum in the forest reserves.
The biological survey has sent out
Mr. Vernon Hailey, one of its best
men. to study the wolf problem, and
he has been skeeing and snowshoeing
through Wyoming and Montana while
the snow was on the ground and the
wolves were particularly easy to track
and study. He has not done any
shooting, but is trying the effects of
poisons and traps. Hut the wolves are
about as cunning as foxes, and after
you have trapped and poisoned a few
1 in a given district the rest grow wary
Egg Fnrms or Ctilirorniu.
by T !. MrtJRfW.
Many years ago I assisted n friend
In the loading of n car of poultrv for
California. This car was shipped from
Central Ohio, and the fowls contained
therein were very well selected from
flocks of desirable xarleiliw 'n,.,
owner of this car crossed the conll
nent in care of his birds and sett lint In
Central California. Koports from
there a few years later told a direful
story of the Impossibtllt v of success
In inmltry-grott iug In California.
It Is unnecessary to relate the many
troubles experienced, except to say
that the amateur In poultrv at th iV
time Imagined that the birds would
live and prosper In the California cli
mate without proper shelter within
houses during the mid. damp weather.
A close study of these conditions
has entirely eliminated all these mis
takes, ami to-day there Is no place
in i no i nueu Mates where tl'ere Is an
enthusiasm equal to that found
throughout California with reference
to this Industry.
The construction of proper houses,
the selecting of proper breeds and the
proper caring for them has built up an
enormous egg business through that
section of the country.
In the neighborhood of l'etalnma.
j more Leghorn fowls are probably kept
ioi I'KHiucmg uie wniie-siielleil egg.-,
for the California city markets than
can le found within the same number
of miles In any other place In the
world. One enthusiastic visitor to that
locality has made the statement that
every acre In the fifty thousand acres
visited contained a hundred Leghorns.
The climate of Southern California,
the beauties of the scenery, the pleas
ure of fruit cultivation and the profit
able growing of poultry have attracted
many hundreds to that section to em
bark in these pursuits under pleasant
conditions.
A Mr. Frownlow who purchased a
few acres of ground in that locality
ten years ago has built up for himself,
with the assistance of his wife and
children, a most profitable combination
of JMUlltry. fruit, bees and squabs, all
of which thrive continually under the
softer climates (if that locality, ena
bling these people to produce broilers
every month with a minimum iiniount
of care and attention, the fruit and
bees being a remarkable source of
profit during the greater part of the
year.
PROTECTION AGAINST DAMP
IMPORTANT.
The buildings used for poultry in
these localities need not be Ho expen
sive in construction as is necessary In
that portion of the country visited
and other necessities Is not no
high as In the colder parts of
the country, ns much of It Is
usually produced near at hand. All
of these things combine to make the
regions of Southern California most
attracthe to poultry growers, who may
be seeking a seller climate to lessen
the nggrawitlon which the rigors of
winter heap upon some member of
the family. Many have gone there
seeking a pl.ov merely to benefit their
health, and have been much Improved
by so doing; but they have also been
able to make a living for themselves
ami their families through the com
bination above described.
ALL CANNOT SFCCEEI).
All do not succeed. This can not be
In any following of life. Those who
do succeed usually haxe more or less
experience In the business before they
embark upon It. The failures come
to the Inexperienced, and those who
are unable to contend with the illlll
cultles always confronting one In the
upbuilding of n new 'home In any lo
cality.
What are known In the San Fran
clseo market as "range" eggs, the N
York market designate:, as "fresh laid'
eggs, lianch eggs of California are
the fresh laid eggs that -ire brought
direct tti the market and sold as such
During November and December last
this quality of eggs sold In the mar
kets of San Francisco as high as tlftv-
oue cents a dozen, ami as low as thirty
cents, lulluelii'ed. no iloubl, by the s ip
ply and demand, governing this pro
duct in every locality.
Eggs sold In Chicago during the
vear of 1:hC as low as fifteen cents,
in sail i rancisco ttie lowest price.
quoted for the year was fourteen
cents. when the lesser expense of
caring for them Is c ii.sldered, the ad
vantages or profit from poultry grow
lug should be fully equal to, If not bet
ter than would be the same pursuit in
Illinois.
1U S1SKSS METUODS IS FARMIXt.
Successful Kansas Farmer Who Han
Kept Trace of Receipts and r. I -penditurcs
for Iwcnty Years.
the Kansas City Journal of the suc
cess of A. L. Ilolllnger. a well to-do
Kansas farmer who opened a set of
books when he began farming twenty
years ago and who has kept his ac
counts as accurately as a bank docs
Its. The other day he struck a trial
balance ami found himself $."i(I,i)in to
the good. He has now retired from
thi farm and will make, a tour of
America.
The compilation of his long record
beginning with lss; lnnvs the total
figures given as follows: lie has
raised ."."iki acres of wheat, a yearly
average of over acres, and on
that area has ralseil ps.Vm bushels, or
an average per acre for twenty years
of ls;, bushels. During all the two
ih-cades henevcr hadaii cut Ire f a Unroof
wheat, although an average of l'v
bushels an acre in istG came verv near
to It.
Mis corn recoril is equally Interest
ing. He has raised L'.M.; acres of
corn, a yearly average of 111' acres.
The total number of bushels was V',
liT'J. or an average per acre for twenty
years or .Vj nusneis. iim corn
averaged for the twenty years 2fU6
bushels per acre. In nil these figure
the number of acres sown Is given and
the number of bushels harvested.
"During (he twenty years," said Mr.
Ilolllnger, "I have aimed to carry
enough cattle to use up rough
ness and the corn raised on the farm,
usually from loo to UK) head. Of late
years I have paid more attention I"
cattle and alfalfa, and have found
that It was a far more reliable com
bination than purely grain farming In
which I was chleily engaged In the
earlier time of my experience. There
Is no question but that nay Intelligent
farmer can make a competency, and
support Ids family In abundant com
fort In central Kansas. I have done
no more than any of my neighbors did
or might have done. Eich ye r the
same income approximately can be se
cured If the work Is carefully planned
and such crops a re raised as areaihipted
to Kansas soli and Kansas climate."
As an example of Mr. Homager's
stock raising It may be mentioned that
he came to Kansas City recently with
.:l,,"ilHi worth of stock which he sold
off Ids farm. lie has lived on the
same place for thirty three years ami
Is not leaving Kansas because he Is
entirely satisfied with his wealth but
because he wants to give his family
a broader education and to secure
recreation for himself. "I think I
have enough to keep me from want,"
he said, "and I am cut It led to get some
thing more out of life than I have
heretofore done."
WHEAT HE AH I (US THY.
MALL HH P WANTLIJ.
IMMiHRKVrV'M i Mnn IhnriHiulily M -Mrn'fSl In
loilhlKniM-y l"H,klt.IIIJ, who In e.Mi,,..,. l kB
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I I. uric nr nnirn MUIV fl.Kl. K run ll M,
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Ikoi Ihui moiiilMii en Urn rimrfcii iiim I'n.nm.
AtM'M" innlo' I nun In tJllllilnlly. I i luili In n.iii.i.ln
kiii lit v. I'm Oi iilm fivn. Milllvmi I n., l v,
Vmi Huron si , I I. !. .., Ill,
w A VI M ; A IhiMiloft I' Im'HH'Ii mill ttrnhrmrn on
itlfTi'lt'lil inlloiii,l. Aie JM l,t ,ll hihmI !mM mimI
tinMI'Inu. I-.H' Irlicn ulttHi-"il y. rlltitini fti
limlillilv. lis "inn I hu III''! nMl iwtlnlml llikn
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THE RCOUP.CE OF THE CATTLE COUNTUT.
feeding the fowls; and the facility
with zero weather during the white
months. Protection from rain, damp
and vermin is the most necessary ad
junct to a properly constructed poultry
house when the poultry can not run
at large and range over the land.
There is no month in tin? year in which
they can not find more or less animal
ami vegetable life for food upon the
range. This 2 months of food supply
reduces the espouse very materially Id
made two entire failures, one 'n ls'.r
and one in p.xil. In lS'.i." It was very
near a failure, only .' bushels per
acre. Less attention was paid to oats
aud only t;"i) acres were raised. This
Representative lictie of Minnesota
Tells the President About lllg
t.amc hunt Inn In Duluib.
How It happened that the war ror
rcsiMinilents at Washington found out
about J. Adam Hclc's conference on
hears with President Roosevelt does
not appenr. However, u full report of
the Minnesota, Congressman's tales
has been made, ami was made public
in the New York Evening Post. It
makes an alluring document. Mr. lleile,
who is the acknowledged wit of the
House, sought the President with the
friendliest Intent Ion. "You like to
shoot hears." said "Jadam," diplo
matically. Mr. Roosevelt ndmltted It.
Hut you don't have to go Into the
wild West for your sport," went on the
Minnesota statesman. ' Think of this
fact: thirteen bears were shot In the
t reets of Duhith last year -In Dm
bith, the pride of the Northwest, that
beautiful city on th" great unsaid-. I
ph." The statement had a perceptible
ffcrt on the President, ami Mr. Rede
was encouraged to go on. It s the
only place In the whole world. Mr.
President, where you can go hear
hunting, by trolly car. under the, elec
tric light, and on asphalt pavements.
We have nil the conveniences so dcur
to the heart of the true sportsman.
uid without leaving your hunting:
ground you ran walk across the street
to the mall box and drop la a postal
card to your friends, telling them all
about the game you have bagged."
With the Congressman was a Duluth
constituent, a lady with first-hand
knowledge of b'-ar hunting In that
city. She added her corrolHiratlvo
statement: "Oh. yes, Mr. PrcHhlerit, fl.
short time ago a friend of mine heard
a r.olse outside his window, and on
looking out saw that, it was a hear try
ing to climb a telegraph pole. He shot
that fellow without leaving his bed
room." Then, to the Joy of the. Presi
dent, Mr. Reile took' up the tale: "Why,
hears are common thlncs with us up
in Minnesota. Mr. President. Last yar
five bears held up one of our troll-iy
cars. They were two old ones and
three cubs. Thin ocenn d rhrht In the
streets of Duluth. Th" big P How Rot
In front of the car and put his paws
on tlic d.'ehhoard. driving the motor
man off, while mamma and the cubs
went, .iron ml after tne conductor. Aftor
tin y had had enough of this i-port they
raised the siege and troit'd off tovvird
the outskirts of the cily. OU. no, we
don't let the bears trouble us much.
When they get too both' tsome we 'urn
them over to the hi!1c, who drive
them out of town; but It's a great hear
country up there, and I'm sure yon
would like to see a hit. of It." Now, p'
it Is announced that President. Roose.
velt means to take a vacation up In
the Minnesota woods, the correspond
ents may go straight to Duluth, where,
as Mr. Rede Is a true prophet, the
great hear slayer may be found sitting
in the door of an up-to-date hotel, a
rifle across his knees, waiting for the
promised sport.
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AN OUT OV DOOR HROODErt AND FLOCK OP TOUNO WHITE LEGHORNS.
find the poisons and tnips are nde
gated to sent 'Si. 'Jhe wolves get so
nifty that they will not swnllow a
piece of meat without mouthing it,
nml if they get the bitter t.iste of
strychnine or arsenic they drop It ami
look for something else to cat.
Whet her or not the survey will bo able
to hill them off with some contagious
ili-enst! h u (juestlon, but they are
rapidly becoming as great a pest and
far more dangerous than the umaller
"varmints." ( . .
with which Hfpmh breeders can fly
their birds at large, continually adds
vigor and strength to the breeding
stock, which naturally assists In the
quick growth anil size obtained in the
somibs.
The quotation of eggs, dressed
poultry and squabs In the California
market, while not tho equal of thn
New York ami lioston markets, will
grade well In value with tho average
markets of our larger inland cities.
The expense of living as to food
I nn .. ' if.
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riTQ I'l-'tiniii.-i llv l uri-'l. N.illt-.If lli-i ..ieni.-n nftrr I O. in i.tll ni., , l.-l l,. ..,v nn-l n Ill trii
lllO ni-t .i.o. n-i. ..f IT. Ktllii-'n lin-nt Srn :iv "I" "Il v.,u Ii. In -t .,ni 1 , 1 -n ntuir tiu
.Inrrl. -nii for Kith K i'm trlnl bntlm nlnl In-ill lm ., . tr. Ml , . . Ia,
UK. rl. II. Kmkc I.W..KII Ar-lit.,l li,i... l,lii. I'. U. UOConnuaT Mltf. Co., 1271 U'wy. IN. V.
f""""11 """ wi iiwu .. i wm .. ,.iiii,..i.iiiii .li nn mini. i. mm in ; . i VJLJI J? V wXfitVl' W "m4lL3,m'"1 " '.'"' y
I ,- !n imr mr -nr .-.., .,.. - -
SEND NO MONEY WE PAY THE FREIGHT
We will gladly end you as m present one of our Beautiful Dinner Sots, truaranteed
full slzo, (ur fatuity UbO, blgb-gruuu purcclaln (noclK up iuiltutlon), Uorul dchltn. clueito
and pretty with udircs traced la gold, the kind thut Is all the rune In fuHlilnti;.l;lo m,,w
York, If you will tiolpus Introduce our Htundard linking I'owdnr, Teas, Coffueii, Hiiltutt,
Flavoring Kxiructs, Heaps aud Toilet Articles. All our goodti uro furo uotraBli; tlicy
have bceo tried and tented by experts and glvu ButlNfurtlen. Wo want your Inlliii-nrn mid
help and you do not need to send us a cent of your money. Ottter II rain tuny have tried to
convince you that their offtri were liherul but wektuno that our olTers, guilds and pri'm
lurna are hetter than any others you have ever m en. because they have bi ea put alungn
Idu of curb and buve been d' clured so by competent iuilges, by people who know. We
can easily prove this to you If you will drop us a line, Juki a ikinuI card If you like, ho
that we can send you a full aeserlpLlna of our plans and many other really valuuhlu
things which you may keep for yourself, no matter whether you ever do a Rent's worth
Of business with us, or uoU Yowlll be paid over and over again fur your little trouble.
WE WILL SEND YOU ALMOST ANYTHING ELSE YOU WANT
Buco as Lnmpi, Fumituri, bilvtrvmre. Curtain: Trunk In fart there Is no renson why
you should not cumplulely furnish your Iioiiho or clothe yourself without a cent ot
eipenae, by helping us to introduce tlio "Curwtll Plan" of doing ImikIih'ih.
W want to be fair and squara with you and II alter foa receive the Dinner Set. yon
Had It U not eaactly aa represented, you may keep It and not do another thing for nt.
1 bat'a the klad ol people we are.
I'm "i uvnurpnnuu w uuu iinw wt n l for Jim to was ornnn ror thiMb nocMMry hotmnhnld
.da uwiaunv wa allow you to ulna free vntk tvrry fmunit eun of Halting I'hvhL r a IimiiiImiiiih f cim-a
a Laiuona4o Hut. a lO-nuart lillfll Kraila irrav miarnol Oramte I'all .a MnriMMu, Liinilmr I i,r,.r,i im.i
aveajrou nut a linauUf ill pinner Hut fur youraair In aililltlnu. The koihIb anil I'raniluninaraallalJiiuad
at tua aauia tlmo aud we pay freight cuaigoa. Voutuay pay uaalturyou oollect Uieuiouey.
NEW YORK THE GREATEST MARKET IN THE WORLD
It In the liny to the United Httw ml our buyers tre oout)mitlljr wafcrliliiic UieHttmintird'tnb for
twrKibiijBanfJ nuai for our cuHtomoru. Wo taktt IvhUk ot tit nnaui'-ui duTl'-iiltiiw of oiltars mini
Yitmu liivy Kotiiilo trouljlu, vvb can mJviun tiioetub Uevitiistt wt lwyativtt plnuij of U ftuU w m
tho tfixxit. at our own vritM. Ho It in, we can ujake theso wundnrful off it to irtu. You and you alnua
Hut all the btmtiflt, as ilia suoceMSof our entire huslneM doueuds uihjo ourouslointtra. Vare Imund Ut
ttituuto and satisfy thi-iu at all limns. o mot rail to write us ivtla Q wvcau UtUyoti all Uut tlia
'(JurwoU pUuj" and suiul you ali tu tuiitgs wo sokti aooub
THE CURWELLCO., ".ST 124 E. 124th St., Niw York City
3
Sfeklntf as wc glwnys do, to
tflvc nr readers the be hi of every
thing, we arc iiliont ti ofiVr you In
serial form, the iiiuimi.i1 jtud ab
sorbinu it ry, entitled
"Till; VV1I1TL COMPANY."
by no less great an author tbnr
Sir A. C.oran Doyle, wlm for tht
past twenty years In- betn one ot
the intiat viri'y ri'td i f medern
wriitrs. I lift latest ctlorts. "'ihe
Adventures of SJierl:u k llulmcs,"
have been raiHishtd and rend
throughout Fur.: re "ntl Amerlen.
In faet, no writer of late years
has received more popular at
tention or merited more praise
than this gifted Inllfliman. His
nt. vie is moft pleasing and his Im
aginative power far above the
usual.
We have secured from Sir
Connn Doyle's Arneriean publish
ers the right to this novel, and it
Is with great pleasure that we are
able to announce its early appear
ance in the "Magazine Section.
He sure to get the initial chapters,
as it is a stirring tale that wi hold
your Interest from first to last,