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About Lake County examiner. (Lakeview, Lake County, Or.) 1880-1915 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 18, 1906)
POISONOUS PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES. CUV tlllOTT MITCMCIL Ftrmprs from tlmo to time send In mplalnti to the Department of Arl lulture that not only their stock, but jyen farm hands, have been sickened nd killed through the presence f some poisonous plant on their farm. Jo frequently hare these complaints irrlred at the department that offl rials of the Bureau of riant Industry, nder the dirr ction of Mr. Frederick V. Covllle, the chief botanist, are now making extensive experiments to as certain the exact elements causing this damage. In order to aid farmers In the detec tion of the most common plants found on their farms, the department has Is sued a farmers' bulletin. No. 86, en titled "Thirty Poisonous Plants of the United States." This gives In detail full descriptions of the plants, the symptoms of the poisoning, and in many cases antidotes for the relief of men or animals taking in the poison. It would be well for all agriculturists to keep a copy of this pamphlet among their ready reference books. The offi cials of the Bureau of Plant Industry are only too glad to furnish this most valuable farmers' bulletin to all who may apply. Destructive to Live Stock. Probably the most destructive pois onous weed in the United States is the loco; the damage is so extensive that during the period between 18S1 and 18S5 the State of Colorado paid out over $200,000 in an endeavor to exter minate the weed. The foliage of the loco weed is not the agent which Imparts the poison to live stock graiing upon land Impreg nated with it. it is the roots and stalk which contain the poison. Animals under the influence of the stimulant go through antics as though they were in toxicated, their eyes become glassy, they sprawl around in maudlin fashion until, with sheer exhaustion, they fall to the ground in a stupor. The effect of the poison is not acute, but in its slow progress simulates diseases caused by bacteria, worms or other parasites. The stages of a locoed ani mal are recognized by officials of the homesteads teem with mushroom growths, some of them edible and oth ers deadly poison. Among the latter class the farmer has to contend with two species, the fly amanita, or, as some call it, the fly killer, and the A' WHITE LOCO WEED, lepartment; the first, lasting several months, is a period of hallucination with defective eyesight, during which the animal may cut all sorts of capers. Once acquiring a taste for the loco plant the stock refuse every other kind of food until the second stage is ush ered in. This second stage is a linger ing period of emaciation characterized by sunken eye-balls, lusterless hair and feeble movements. The animal dies, as if from starvation, in periods rang ing from a few months to one or two years. Various States have attempted to adopt measures for the eradication of the loco weed, but so far these at tempts have -not met with much suc cess. Colorado, a number of years ago, ofTered a reward of so much per ton for quantities of the loco weed brought in for extermination. The Mexican greasers, with great thrift, started In to farm and raise loco weeds. One of the prime reasons for failure to eradicate this weed ty State action has been the inability to prop erly identify the loco plant In some Stutea it has been one weed which has caused the poison, and in others an entirely different species has re sulted in live stock destruction. Experiments In Poisoning. However, the Department of Agricul ture is now making experiments with various poisonous plants of the West, injecting the subtle poisons into sheep, cattle and guinea pigs, and studying every symptom, until it is hoped that some measures may be adopted by stockmen to prevent loss through eat ing of the loco. But it is not only the West that is complaining to the Department of Agri culture on account of the presence of poisonous plants, for there is no sec tion of the country which does not abound with some form of plant life which is either of an irritant or poison aus character. New Jersey recently reported a few cases where children were poisoned by water hemlock. Ore gon loses cattle every year through one species of cicuta. Familiar to us all 's the action of poison ivy. While it is irritable to human beings, it has no apparent effect upon animals, horses, mules and goats eating its leaves with impunity. A number of people are im mune to its action, but some lose their resistant power in middle life; others have been known to attain immunity only throush considerable exposure to the poison ivy. Dcacly Mushrooms. The meadows and pastures of many liH ii 50 EULBS 3 tents. Will grow intlie honae or out of dooii. jiya'-mtha. imipi, Ci iiUioiu, Croi-iu, J- uchfcuua, Oxulia, Tulvrofeet, iit-tf'-mtH, Jonquil, .ily, Jewy l.ily. l.ttiXlllltt. of tlitt Vullt-v nil imimItmM. 4Lt: in itamni orotn. At A premium will Ou-mj liulba we will -mJ rust a Dig collection or Uoww netxUtover tfJu kinuft. HILLSIDC NURSERY. OMERVtLLC. MA8B. L . I ARNICA. death cup. The former has been used In Europe for hundreds of years as a fly poison, and in Asia It was formerly used as an intoxicant. Cattle are pois oned by this species as well as men. and it is supposed that the flesh of live stock so poisoned is rendered unwhole some. The death cup is not quite so large as the fly amanita and is not so attractive in appearance to the inex perienced and experimenting epicure. A large number of cases of poisoning have been attributed to this fungus; In most of them it was supposed to be edi ble, and in a few Instances the mere handling of the plant caused serious trouble. The bulletin above mentioned goes on to describe the common poisonous weeds and plants of the country, some of which are thriving in abundance in the East. West. North and South, and it is believed covers the weeds which bring harm to the farmer of every sec tion. The following is the list of plants described In the bulletin: Fly amanita mushroom, death cup mushroom, false hellebore, jnkeweed, corn cockle, dwarf larkspur. Wyoming larkspur, purple larkspur, choke cherry, wolly loco weed, stemless loco weed, rat tlebox. caper spurge, snow on the moun tain, poison Ivy. poison oak. poison su mac, red buckeye, water hemlock, Oregon water hemlock, poison hemlock, broad leaf laurel, narrow-leaf laurel, great laurel, staggerbush. branch Ivy, jlrason weed. black nightshade, bittersweet, sueczeweed. To Shorten iloaltlne. The various state experiment sta tions have been devoting considerable time and attention to one feature or poultry raising, which has been a stumbling block in the way of obtain ing the greatest amount of protit out IlrecJiaji SlurJj Lettuce. Through the process of "forcing," owner of pVonhouscs arc able to produce crops, weeks and months before they could arrive at maturity through rmturnl courses. In addition the crop la tun tie to develop far more rapidly ntid to attain protwrtloiis such a. nature could not accomplish. From fiSOO.UW to ?3.0O0,(MH) worth of lettuce alone Is 'forced In the United States each winter. (Irtxai house gardeners in an n-ndenvor to "get rich quick" bavo failed to note that this, fonffng was weakening their stock until now the weak let tuce often becomes so dbMiscd In tho hothouse that It Is by no men as rare for a gardener to lose an cutlro crop of greenhouse lettuce by a dltfrflse to which these overstrained plauU are particularly liable Dr. It. T. Galloway, chief of the Bureau of riant Industry, In order to correct this evil, has been working for two seasons on this subject and has at last succeeded in ontuiuiug a crop of winter lettuce plunks immuue to the lettuce disease. At the same time the plants are of large size and capa ble of developing as early as the most specialized of winter lettuce. This I work has involved much time and the sarlflce of thotisnnds of plants. Seed of healthy winter lettuce was planted, and at tho iroiH-r time the plants were crossed with wild lettuce a species free from disease. Millions of seeds of these cross-bivd plants were sown in bods a thousand In each and out of each thousand two or three of the largest and best were taken, while tho rest were dostroyd. From those extra MOOSE IN NATIVE WILDS. ASTLKKED A.Vtf OF AMERICAS FOREST AIIOVSDS IX REMOTE XORTUWEST REGIOXS. Senses Developed to Remarkable Degree- Teed Partly Under Water In iummcr-Mny Bulls Killed In rratracldal Battles. Few people have any conception of tho astuteness of the mooso, said a suc cessful hunter who Is exceptionally well acquainted with tho habits of this splendid game animal. In speaking of a recent trip. They possess n keenness of scent and hearing that Is almost be yond belief, and an Intelligence that U seldom credited to them by any one except those who have devoted consid erable time to studying them aud their ways. In tho section of tho country where wo wero tho larger part of our stay moose wero exceedingly plentiful, and wo had tho finest opportunity to oh servo their actlous. Wo followed them from one place to another, endeavor ing not to frighten them and all the while noticing them very closely. In tho mating season, which com mences around September 20 and ends about tho middle, of October, the bulls are exceedingly vicious, while tho cows aro timid and seek tho deepest forests, 1 being easily frightened. It is my opinion that the males kill their mates at this time. F IE K LADIES THIS HamTsome Fur Scail GIVEN AWAY Rni ui row Mint and adtlrraa and will trad fM frra and f.t Mld Zi r-lavaa !!' loIH Mil ! 1 0 rnlt raih. Bitty hndr rou ahnw (htm 10 wilt till, Ihrm of you. Whin aulj aanil ua Hit $i.40 and will M one mo J ran Ibli Handsome fur Scarf It In nrtrlr 4 Inctiti Inrif, mdt from Mick Lmi fur, hit ' lull, hii.hr ! "r '" r,r ni know ynu will ho mi lha plrcd wiih It. h ? rrcrlv II know yau will ur It l lh nin.t lr.nl tni IhurouiMr fiHid fur nn havt vr nri, Nolhlnf linlUr la ililt crl hu tvrr htfnr hrv.ollcrtd prtmlumi II will f Ivt yf nl illaficlorr wrar. It llrllih, liri tffrrl lo lhtwrrr ippr ir.nr. Th enlr ffo wt ran iillir tin m I had larct numhrr of ihtm mail up liit ai br t'l ll lurriara durlnt lha aummar whan trada waa quia! i ihla la tha onlr rta.iin w ara (hi to olfar auih an ttpmaiv prrmlum. W hop qj will la sdvaniai nl our offrr wiihoiil tlalay. Ihla I iiranrdlnara offer anj cannot ha diiplicairil hr anr olhrf rallabl concarn. a Irtiat ou wlih our lawalrf UU old. It coat you nothing lo it I ihla lur. Addraaa, C0LLMDI4 NOVELTY CO.. Dapf. U5S fust Dostoo, Malta thoy weigh about 100 pounds. I I Wir -JLl''Sjr'A IVI Trvpiail Fruit. There I smnclhlng fnnt liinting In the ili'Vfloonii'tit of troiilenl rruliM, tluiH.i things whlt'ti we fiiu tint grow In the cuipi-rnto and folder rllumtis, win-re Jin k I'rttHl In Hiiro to roup liU nuituiil linrv.'Ht 'II 1 1 to is tho iiiMiiei). fur In- many of i Kiatii f, whlt h the I M-partuiont of Ak- I i-l.-iilf iits, la ,'mivllur ill Pnrtik ltli-41 tltlil The cows soi)a botako themselves to .,111,,,..,. .. I110Ht ti,.ii..i0,,H some Island. In order that they may not I tropU til vogolablo fruit, the p . plno. itn.l bo disturbed by wolves or other wild I u w.r,. ,f Uior-which will utaiul l.ttle animals. The moose calves are about )ir frost T ll(ist .t,,,,, (,,Tt A as homely and unsightly as anything I u p,IM)r a,i tt fascltmUuii nlM.nt the I have ever seen. Their heads are ,,,,,,. aIU, llH Iir,HiK.t. V(. ,.,vo In nearly as long as their bodies and.,,,,, lul,,.ll nt.ilvn llt) trtpleal section, when thoy aro throe or four weeks old i niHiA ... ,.,.,. f nimowiilii r.. are likely to wsit us nt nil ixilutt. In l'urto ltlco ii lid tlio rliillppliies, how ever, lire roiiinl the geliuiiiti trui.al I condition) where initliliig mii-ho oet'tirt I lid t the hurricane which swoops away every vcMtlgo if vei-tiitlon, hoiiso UUd I ori-i'pMnt: but tlu-ri- M no fro-,t. Whllo we havo tnki-ti coutr"! of I'orlo lilro mid tin riiiliiiiiliu-s, n. vi-r- tholoH.i, it is t)n lonstalit olideiivor of tho homo govriitiii-iil to cross ninl hy bridize trojilnil iiii hardy fiu.ts h Hint tliey will Htainl tlio onld it nil frost if iioriliiTii rllin.-s. Tin- nr.iii- clal evolution of tlio liardy oraii.e Is nit exutnle or tills. Hy selection ninl cross breedliii;. plants can be( i,. wotnli-rfullv u. il iiitx-liiiiatod ninl as a n-Miiit tin- iioriln rn Vitrli'tlrs ntid Miecles nro trrailn.iil v In vading tho KoiitlK-ru Hi Ms. wlill,. id.- northi rti orchards are coiistanU v belli.' I HUgllieliU-d by iii-v Kpn ii s lutlii-i to I exclusively southern In temperament. Eiakt Ifeeit Growth rem Seed vf Aew JytriJ and Stand, utd l artily. The Aew Ltttuct Oraui J try Rank. larrro enrlv and fine heads another crop was raised, and it is from these that seed will be furnished to the ervenhousomen of the great cities. It is Udievod that through thia work will tie saved from ruin the winter lettuce Industry, which for the last three years has been threatened with extinction. Secretary Bonaparte, Farmer. Abont 15 miles from Baltimore is the farm of Secretary Charles J. Ii o im part e of the Navy, liofore he became the head of the Navy Departrnent,See retary Honnparte used to spend six months of the year on his farm. He arose daily at f.'f and always took a look over the place before breakfast After breakfast he would drive into the city, arriving usually about the time, people were getting out of bed. EHOWY MILKWEED of the business. W hen a hen moults she stops laying eggs and no amount or nersuasion can induce her to iiain j commence doing Dusiness unui Hue is ready. The California Kxiiorunent Station has been making tests itii the object of shortening the moulting sea son of laying fowls, liens usuany commence moulting In the early fall and the plan of the California station is to hasten this time into early sum mer. This is accomplished by a method of light feeding, followed with heavy feeding. The egg-laying is stopped and moulting Is brought on by a one- half reduction of the supply of nitro genous food, meat, middlings, ami the like. The hens, under this plan, ttop egg-laying and go to moulting. In about a month, it is claimed, the moult ing process is all finished and then the ordinary feeding is resumed; the ben then begins to lay eggs early in the fall. The experiments of the station have not been concluded, so that It Is still unsafe to say whether or not the new method will prove practically suc cessful. Came as a Shock. Flossie "Mamma, were you at home when I was born?" Mamma "No, dear, I was at grand ma's, In the country." Flossie "Wasn't you awfully sur prised when you heard about it? Why Is a ragged boy like a minister near the end of his sermon? lie's tore'd his close. "My ancestors came over in the Mayflower," boasted Iilueblood, "but it isn't generally known." "That's all right old man," said his friend: I'll never tell. You can't help what your ancestors did!" 5 . r l'"t t t-' '.' ... J. UOS. CHARLES J. liONAPARTE, Sccretury of the Navy. Secretary Bonaparte ha3 never ex pected to make a fortune out of his farm, but simply supports it as a means of recreation. Smile, a sign of happiness; miss, tho cause of much happiness. Hence the expression, a miss is as good as s mile. The temperature in the Sahara Des ert often rises to ISO degrees in the daytime and sinks below freezing point at night. "A little learning Is a dangerous thing. Drink deep, or taste not of the Pierian Spring." Bacon. "And he that does one fault at first And lies to hide, mokes two." The calf and its mother remain to gether for about ninu mouths, the mother, of course, providing food and shelter for the younger animal. But after that length of time has elapsed she will try to get away. In order to do this sl.o will often travel miles up stream, so as to leave no Rcent, and, as a rule, she succeeds in accomplish ing her purpose. The bulls have a peculiar grunting sound by which 'they call to the cows. A man can imitate the call after long practice, but not so perfectly as to de ceive them. The only way In which this ruse can be successfully carried out is to make your call at the same time, that the moose make their noise. In this manner I have called them under tho branches of the tree In which I have been sitting from distances as great as a mile or more. The males also have an odd habit of striking their antlers again;-! trees, makin ; a sound that rlns clear as a bill, after which they bellow long and loud. On a quiet night they can be heard miles away. This appears to be thc-lr modo of expressing detlauco and challenging a rival to contest. Antlers No Handicap. It is astonishing to see them go through the woods while bearing their immense branching antlers. They cal culate tho distance between two trees to a nicety and hardly ever strike a branch. But perhaps tho strangest part of this performance is that this docs not Beera to retard their speed in the slightest. In the summer they seek tho water where they will not ho pestered by flies, und stay there during most of the warm weather. As they aro not built to reach the grass wiih their Jaws, be ing very high in the foretjuarters, they feed on Illy pads, roots, watercress ami moose maple during th dimmer. Tbf watercress grows chiefly n deep water, and to reach It the moose dive in water from ten to fifteen feet In depth, leaving only their heels visible They stay under from a mlnuto to a minute and a half, and usually do their diving at night. When they" have filled their large Jaws they proceed to sort out such parts as they want and oat them leisurely. When autumn approaches they take to the rocks and high places, where they live on yellow birch and white willow tops. They stand on their hind legs to reach the top of a birch tree fifteen feet above the ground, snap it off, and then pull off tho young shoots. In the winter they sustain themselves on lichens, ground hemlock and white cedar. When the snow becomes deep and the temperature is far below zero, they herd together in some dense cedar swamp and trample down the snow Often as many as sixty gather at one time In this way. To Keep Fex Kccordx. The .Maine Kxperlmeiit Station has published n description of a nest Imix which is claimed to bo simple ninl in-exM-nHlve, mid certain In Its action, for use when- It Is dertlrcd to keep a record of how hens re laying. In order to weed out the poor ones of tlio Hock. Tlio station has used these nests In ex MTlmenls undertaken to establish breeds of hens that shall excel as egg producers. A description of this 1kx, and how to make it can lie found In farmers' bulletin No. 111. of tlio De partment of Agriculture. SILOS Fin, fir, Crprt-M rvt Yellow I'loa. Write for I'ntaluKtio, Eagle Tank Co., 281 N. Green 0t., Chlcu.ro, 111. IF YOU WANT A JACK Hrtiil for our lark ("atMlncir. 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