02314 crr tt . ii MACJAZIXK SUCTION'. LAKE VIEW, OREGON. THUKSDAY JANUARY 4, 190C. PAGES 1 TO 4. THE STATEHOOD QUESTION. UKKL1U001) OF THE ADMISSIOS Of OKLAHOMA ASl IS MAN TERRITORY. Disposition to Grant Them Statehood Irrespective of Arltona and New Mcslco-Ncw Congressional Align ment on Uucstlon. The nsMembllng of congress will Itrllltf IM'W hllHIl) III llOtll tll llollHU atul Henate. There Ih promise of a long timl very Important hi-hhIod. New imiIIcIch lire to lie IIhciinhm ami material change. In exiting economic Condition, lire to lie proposed. Coining Umii tint eve of n roiiKri'HHloiutl eleo- tlllll, tl4 NI'HNloll Will fee till effects, to a certain extent, of olltlcnl consid erations. The iiiIiiiIknIoii of new States to the I'liliui will Ih oik' of tlix hold-over (itii'NlloiiN to occupy the attention of the new roiiuri'MM. It iitMurN " now 1 tin t there will l.e n derided .hlMIng of poult lull oil the Htn tchooil iriililelii, Home new light having ilawneil Mince statehood wns discussed ut the liiHt ncmmIoii. It In understood that the committee on terrltorlen of litli House mi l Sen. ate nre Inclined to stand I y the old program of creating two state out of tin four territories, hut It will not be a surprise If this program fall, to meet the npprovnl of it majority of thr republican senator, mid replVHclita tlven. Since the Urstloii of state i Mid for thcMe four southwest terri tories WIIH brought Into coliirrcH. lllllliy Senator. (I tut repreMeit;ltlveM have Iiersolially IlivcM Igittcd the exist ing ef!dltloiiH III the terrlloiicM. mid the result Ih that public sentiment mining pulille men Is cr.VHlalll.lug In favor of the plan of admitting Oklil hoinii nml Indian Territory to slate, hood and, If necessary, letting Arizo na mid New Mexico wait. There HeeliiH to he few dissenting voices ngulliNt 1 ! proponed Ui1iii1km1o:i lr' " ! f I ' ' V : H J r ? ' ' V- . ' & ..r:'r,,-.- u J THE CHINESE MINISTER'S DAUGHTER. Visitors to the Chinese Legation at Washington have often been attracted to a tiny little figure perched at the head of the grand Htalrway. It la al ways there when a dinner party la go ing on or when Sir Chengtung Liang Cheng, the Chinese Minister, Is giving a reception.. It never falls to appear, and the uulnltlated have been heard to remark in undertone that It Is a queer little, figure which guards the Head of the stairway. However, it is a very animated some body after b11. for It is no other than the young daughter of the Minister, Mine Liang, who, though barred through the cuBtom of her country and her youth from taking actual part in these entertainments, is, nevertheless, determined to see as much of them as she possibly can. I'erhaps her father, the Minister, does not know she is there and perhaps he does, but nobody knows, for no mention of the fact has ever been made to him, and Miss Liang continues to enjoy these many social affairs from afar. This dainty little Chines tnald has been In this country ever since her fa ther was delegated to represent his emperor at Washington. She Is Just seventeen years old, and until she came to America she did not know what it was to be allowed to go out unat tended. Over in China the women never show their faces on the street, but with the appointment to Washington of Wu Tin Dang, former Chinese Minister, members of the legation, and especially the women, were given greater free dom and now they go about with never a thought as to the propriety of the ex of Oklahoma nnd I ml Inn Territory. IMffcrciire At opinion doc. exist iin to whether the two territories Mhould he admitted us one state or whether they should he admitted as separate states, hut on the main proposition the preparedness of these two terri tories for statehood-there Is little dissenting opinion. In fact, the pre vailing view Is that statehood lias already hoen too long delayed In the en se of Oklahoma and Indian Terri tory. It Is utmost disgraceful, well Informed public men are saying, that these two progressive territories should he held hack simply Is-cnnse of disagreement lis to whether those, unprepared territories. Arizona nml New Mexico, should I"' admitted. It Is high time, many men declare, for congress to cut loose from the Arl r.ona mid New Mexico proportion, no matter what form It may take, nml admit Oklahoma nml Indian Territory. The Iloyut Crown of England. "I'tieasy In the head that wears tho crown." The crown of Kuglatnl Is a costly toy mid Is ts-tter to look upon than to wear. Around the circle there nre twenty dhimonds, worth $7,.VK) each, two large center diamonds, $10, ) each; llfty-four smaller ones ut the angle of the former, $.vn) iwh; four crosses, each composed of twenty-five diamonds, .i,imi; four large dia monds lit the top of the crosses. fl'O ishi; twelve diamonds contained In the tleurde llH. JoO,!""': eighteen smaller ones lii same. $1(I,(mmi; pearls, dia monds, etc., upon the 11 relies and criiMscH, $.Vl.(M"Wi; uIho one hundred and forty-one small diamonds. $J.',hni; twenty nIx dlauioiids In the uper criwH. f I.'i.iski mid two circles of pearls iiIhiiiI the rim. fir,lNNI. The cost of the precious stones alone Is nearly half a million dollars. Here lies my wlfe'B nearest relative. All my tears cannot bring her back Tberetoro I weep. perience. At home they would not dnro. Society is eagerly awaiting the ex pected announcement that Miss Liang will be formally presented this season. She has learned to speak English ex ceedingly well and is a familiar figure In a box at the theatres on Monday nights. When she wishes to go shop ping she does so unhesitatingly, and her carriage is frequently seen stand ing In front of some of the fashionable shops. tewer girls, especially among those who have not been presented to so ciety, are more popular than this charming daughter of the Chinese Min ister. She has made friends with every girl in Washington society, and her chief delight Is to Jump in her car riage in the afternoons and drive about, calling on her young American friends. They are all delighted to see her, and no matter what Is on the pro gramme it must wait If the attractive little Miss Liang happens to call. She Is so piquant, ' and appreciates an American Joke as well as any of her American associates. Miss Liang is the constant compan ion of her father and accompanies him on all his drives. They are great friends and apparently enjoy every minute of their time together. The Minister Is very proud of his daughter's progress in learning American cus toms, and It is not unlikely that before many more yeara are past the Chinese Legation will be enjoying even to a greater extent the American freedom In living which makes the assignment of Washington a diplomatic plum tor which many hands are always ready. MARK TWAIHAT "SEVENTY. TUB HUMORIST KSTERTAISS GIWVI'S OF AUTHORS AT ItASQUET. At Three Score and Ten He la Hale and Hearty-Clvea Vlcwa on How to I Ive Never Smokes or Drlnka While Asleep. Mark Twain, that prince of humor Ists has reached the limitation of life iin laid down by the scriptures three score years ami ten. And yet he Is still aide to give us gems of humor nml wit such gems ns attained fame for hi in years ngo when llucklels-rry Finn, Tom Sawyer and Innocent MA UK TWAIN. TO-DAY. Abroad were first given to us. On De cember .Mb he was the guest of honor at it dinner In New York, to celebrate his seventieth birthday. The guests wen confined closelv to writers of Imaginative literature, and about 0 authors were present, nearly hnif of them women. Every guest received ns ii souvenir n bust of Mark Twain, half life size. Naturally Mr. Clemens was the principal speaker; he took us his text. "How to get to be seventy and not mind It." lie said: 'The seventieth birthday! It is the time of life when you arrive at a new aud nwftil dlirnlty; when you may throw aside the decent reserves which l-'ive oppressed you for n generation. and stand unafraid nnd unabashed upon your seven terraced summit and look down and tench unrebuked. You can till the world how you got there. It Is what they all do. You shall never get tired of telling by what delicate arts and deep moralities you climbed up to that great place. You will ex plain the process nnd dwell on the par ticulars with senile rapture. I nave mii anxious to explain my own sys tem for n long time, and now at lust have the right. Regularly Irregular "I have achieved my seventy years In the usual way by sticking strictly to a scheme of my life which would kill an.vUidy else. It sounds like an ex nggeration, but thnt Is renlly the com mon rule for attaining to old age. We have no permanent habits uutll we nre mrty. inen iney oegin 10 Har den, presently they petrify, then busi ness Is-gins. Since forty I hnve leen regular alut going to bed and getting up. nnd that is one or ine main inuigs. I have made It a rule to go to bed when there wasn't anybody left to sit up with, nnd I hnve made It a rule to get up when I had to. This has result ed In an unswerving regularity of Ir regularity. In the matter of diet which Is another main thing I hnve leen per sistently strict In sticking to the things which didn't agree with me until one or the other of us got the best of It. I'ntil lately I got the best of It myself. Hut last spring, I stopped frolicking with mince pie after midnight; up to then I had always believed it wasn't loaded. Tor thirty years I hnve taken coffee and bread at 8 In the morning nnd no bite nor sup until 7.30 in the evening. "I have made It a rule never to sipoke more than one clgnr nt a time. I have no other restriction as regards smoking. I do not know Just when I liegan to smoke; I only know that It was In my fnther's lifetime, and that I wns Indiscreet. He passed from this life early in 1SU7, when I was a shade past eleven; ever Blnce then I have smokitl publicly. As an example to others, nnd not that I care for moder ation myself, it has always been my rulo never to smoke when nsleop, nnd never to refrnln when awake. "As for drinking, I hnve no rulo nbout thnt. When the others drln.i 1 like to help; otherwise I remain dry, by habit and preference. This dry ness does not hurt me, but it could easily hurt you, because you are different You let it alone. First Standard Oil Trust. 'Since I wns seven years old I hnve seldom taken a dose of medicine nnd have still more seldom needed one. Hut up to seven I lived exclusively on allopathic medicines. Not that I need ed them, for I don't think I did; but it wns for economy. My father took a drug store for a debt, and it made cod liver oil cheaper than the other break fast foods. I was the first Standard Oil Trust. v I had it all. Hy the time the drug store was exhausted my health was established, and there has never been much the matter with me since. "I have never taken any exercise, ex. cent sleeping and resting, aud I never j Intend to take nny. Exercise Is loath some. And It cannot Is any Is-ueflt when you nre tired; I was always tired. "I have lived a severely moral life. Knt It would Ik a mistake for Other ix-ople to try that, or for me to ree ominend It Very few would succeed. You hnve to have a trfcctly colossal stock or morals, and you cannot get them on a margin; you have to have the whole thing and put them In your box. .Morals are an acquirement like music, like a foreign language, like piety, tKker, paralysis no man In born with tlicui. I wusu't myself. I start ed poor WHAT A STRIKE COST. Chicago Obliged to Divert Money needed For Improvement Into Payments For Police Service. It will never be known definitely Just what the recent strike of the teamsters cost the people of Chicago. That the total would run well into tbe millions, however, Is a conserva tive estimate, Judging from tbe single Item of tbe expense to the municipal ity for extra police protection. Some time ago it was discovered that the city could add $5,000,000 to its bonded debt, and tbe people au thorized an issue of bonds to this amount for specific public Improve ments. The end of the teamsters' strike found 12.000,000 of these bonds still ur.sold and an emergency strike debt of some $365,000. To pay this bill the council has retired tbe $2,000,000 of bonds and ordered their reissue in such form that they may be used for general corporate purposes. Thus $3C5,000 or the estimated cost of lowering the two river tun nels goes to pay extra po!!cemn for defending the lives of citizens and pro tecting their property while a supine city administration practically gave license to the striking teamsters to make the ordinary business of peace ful citizens full of turmoil and haz ard. Money that the people Intended to go Into sorely needed permanent im provements has been diverted to meet the cost of lawlessness that never should have gone to tbe extent It did. The coot of this one strike Is the $3C5.000 the city pays for extra police service, plus what the county has to pay for special deputy sheriffs, plus the loss to merchants, railways, man ufacturers, etc., in business; plus lost wages to the strikers, plus a dozen other items that it would be difficult to enumerate. And this only em braces money cost. It takes no ac count of Inconvenience to citizens, of assaults on citizens, of tbe killing of citizens. It is a tremendously expensive thing to fight a labor war in a great city. A Ring for a Throne. MIsj Josephine Strong, who was private secretary at Washington for Congressman Hawley. has a diamond ring that was once owned and worn by Louis Phillipe. king of France. The ring has a peculiar history. It will be remembered that Phillipe lived in this country when he was an exile. He lived one winter in Zanesville, Ohio, and spent another winter with 4f 1 1 r r?ei,'ir - .T - 1 .h.r nut i 1 1 in Ti if. n A COtJPLE OF HOMES" IN THE WEST. Gen. Morgan Neville, a rich pioneer and taught the district school. He had word from France that there was a chance to regain the Hourbon throne If he could but get to Paris, but be had not money enough for the trip Gen. Neville lent tbe prince the money something like $800, and the prince gave in pledge the ring that Miss Strong now wears. Going to New Or leans by boat, Phillipe got to France and the rest is history. He regained his throne and the .money lent by Gen Neville made it possible. The king sent back the amount of the loan, told th4 general to keep the ring and asked him to visit him at the royal palace. The ring is a -pear shaped diamond, set in black enamel and is naturally highly prized. Into the Earth's Bowels. At Dendigo, Australia, there Is a gold mine 3.000 feet deep, or only 60 feet short of three-quarters of a mile. This Is said to be the deepest gold mine in the world. AMERICAN LAND MONOPLY. IS ItEIXG FOSTERED IIY OUR PRES EST SYSTEM OF LOOSE LASD LAWS. Homestead Commutation and Desert Land Act, Supposed to Encourage Settlement-Largely Utilized for Land Crabbing. Land monopoly is a black cloud of dread from which Ireland Is Just emerging, and we applaud England's act while we may yet possibly be a little skeptical. In providing a plan whereby free Ireland may become a fact Yet we ourselves are &s rapidly ap proaching land monopoly In America as It la possible to do, considering our vast extent of territory. Land monop oly brings with it more state evils than can be recounted in any single article. It retards evry internal de velopment it smothers individual ef fort and enterprise and finally it transforms tbe stem and fiber of the Individual citizen from that of a sub stantial, self-reliant supporter of free government to a supine, indifferent and passionless Individual, lacking in mental and moral poise and in those sturdy and heroic qualities which have made America the greatest name in history. "Land monopoly, did you say?" says tbe American land grabber. Why, there is enough land for the children of tbe nation for generations If not centuries to cotre. The gov ernment owns in the West alone near ly half a billion acres and how can there be any land monopoly when this vaot area is always open to free entry unaer our various land laws?" Half Billion Acres Remaining. It is true that there are valuable lands in tbe West yet remaining open to entry, or at least land which will be valuable when it shall have been furnished water for irrigation, but what is the general description of this half billion acres yet remaining under Uncle Sam's control? Is it reasonable to suppose that the shrewd land oper ators, living on the ground, have not skimmed the cream of this land, and are not doing so to-day the fertile valleys and the rich plains, wnre water can be applied and leav'ng the great bulk of the land to their pos terity, land composed of mouatalc tops and Impassable canyon Efdes which will probably forever remain in the hands of the government and at least can never support life. Glance at a physical map of Colorado, Just for an Instance, and note the vast preponderance of mountains. There are many fertile valleys in Colorado, for tbe map is on a much reduced scale, but from its appearance you would think the entire State was com posed of nothing but chain upon chain and range upon range of untillable mountains. Denounced by Commission. This question of land monopoly in the West, as it is fostered through the use of the commutation clause of tbe homestead act and the desert land act has been studied by the President's Public Lands Commission, and their report, the third installment of which n r. 9 -S3 IS SK'- li-ij ft 3 1 -4 - 1 Is published in these columns, com ments upon these two land laws. The commutation clause originally provided that after eight months of residence on a homestead claim a man could "commute" by paying to the government $1.25 an acre and get immediate title to his land. After a number of years of operation it was conceded that this clause had opened the door for much land acquirement without settlement, and amid a great blare of trumpets. Congress, in a spasm of virtue, extended the time to fourteen months. What has been the result of this amendment? The op ponents of the repeal of the commuta tion clause have presented specific reasons why this law should not be touched; that the entry man needs to "prove up" and get title to his land so that he can mortgage his property and with the money buy groceries, tools, etc., with which to work his farm, which may Bound well, but the fact seems to remain that the great bulk of the commuted homesteads are not to-day homes. There Is a class of people who bare apparently lost sight of the fact that the federal land laws, from the home stead law down, and even before the homestead law, were enacted for the purpose of. fostering the making of homes for the nation; they seem to think, and it must be confessed that they have successfully put into prac tice their belief, that the laws are to be construed into passing on the title from the government into private bands with absolutely no regard V homemaking. They argue that when the public domain goes into private ownership it becomes taxable property and this helps the country and the State, and the question is ignored as to whether men and women go upon that land and make homes and real families. The following part of the report of the Public Lands Commission shows that the commutation clause at pres ent Is a farce and that land can be entered under it and almost immedi ately added to already large individual holdings. The Commission recom mends that the period of residence be extended from fourteen months to three years and that the residence b actual and not constructive, as it is at present With such a law strictly enforced tbe evils of the commuta tion clause would be largely obviated. It Is. however, highly improbable that if a man actually resided and im proved his homestead for three years FREDERICK H. NEWELL Chief Irimr of th V. . RaeUmation Ser vice ami 2i?mher of the Public Uuula Coinn.inmon. he would be unwilling to pay $1.25 an acre for Immediate title, when by an additional two years' residence, be could save this amount The provisions of the desert land act, and the recommendation for the amendment of which is included in the following report will be discussed in next week's article. Commutation Clause of the Home stead Act. In the preceding report a state ment was made that our Investiga tions respecting the operations of the commutation clause of tbe homestead law were still in progress. We were not at that time prepared to recom mend Its repeal. Investigations car ried on during tbe past year have convinced us that prompt action . 1,1 i . . .. i. tn ,1. : . .1 s . I buuuiu ut- m&ru 1U 11113 uimuuu auu that in the interest or settlement, tbe commutation clause should be greats ly modified. A careful examination of tbe dis tricts where the commutation clause is put to the most use shows that there has been a rapid increase of tbe use of this expedient for passing public lands into the hands of cor porations or large landowners. The object of the homestead law was pri marily to give to each citizen, tbe ueuu ol a lamuy, an amount or lana up to 100 acres, agricultural in char acter so that homes would be created In the wilderness. The commutation clause, added at a later date, was uudoubtely intended to assist the honest settler, but like many other well-intended acts its original intent has been gradually perverted until It Is apparent that a great part of all commuted homesteads remains unin habited. In other words, under the commutation clause the number of patents furnishes no Index to the number of new homes. To prove this statement it is only necessary to drive through a country where the commutation clause has been largely applied. Field after field is passed without a sign of per manent .habitation or improvement other than fences. The homestead shanties of the commuters may be (Continued on naxt page.) Do You Use to: Acetylene? if eo, We Want to Send You A SAMPLE BURNER We believe we have the very best and-tha cheapent Hue of Acetylene burner. Our tutiuiile will ahow better Uutu we cau explain here uy it would pay you to use our burner. Write ua to-day, mentiun kind of Gene rator uxed, eucloae H oeuU in atauips to covet pobtajre, aud we will eeud you A Sample Harner W.M.CRANE COMPANY 11 31 -33 BROADWAY Room 16 New York, N. T. v it