Image provided by: Yamhill County Historical Society; McMinnville, OR
About The Yamhill County reporter. (McMinnville, Or.) 1886-1904 | View Entire Issue (May 19, 1899)
F •1 M /• r.ii • ft 4 »4* Farm Gates. power, charge the vertical wire and pro of the Ottawa University, Canada. This Upon every farm there must be gates. ject into ether a volume of magnetic trial was made between two rooms in Sci These gates should always be in good t waves that flashed unguided through ence hall and the instantaneous click of 4 repair, but such is not always the case. 1 »pace with the velocity of a ray of light the coherer made known tbe success of It is a neat, tidy farmer, indeed, that and descended with their message into the the experiment. never allows a gate to sag, so that It tick of the coherer. The receiving stntion was then moved to has to be lifted in opening, or has a A brief description of the apparatus machinery hall, a distance of 266 feet. The broken hinge. There are many plans used it wireless telegraphy will aid to an doors and windows of both buildings were of making good gates, but the best we understanding of the principles involved. closed and here it was seen that walls There is a marked analogy between Mar were no barrier to these magnetic waves. have ever tried is constructed as fol coni’s system and the system of telegraphy Whether the waves penetrate or go around lows: Take two pine or poplar boards, now in use that was invented by Morse. a bui ding is not known. The uext day six inches wide, an inch and a half Each has an instrument called the trans the c iherer was removed to the various thick aud as long as you want your mitter, so adjusted as to produce electric buildings on the campus with success gate. Have pickets one by four Inches phenomena, and each has an instrument equal to the first day’s trial. and as long as you want your gate culled the receiver, to reproduce the Prof. Green then suspended the verti high. Then a brace one by four inches, Bounds. But while the Morse system is cal wire from the flagstaff on the campus, 4 to« long enough to reach from the lower k dependent on an electric current to con- a height of 135 feet. The instruments 2 corner of gate on hinge end to top cor Kduct the signals, the Marconi system uses were more accurately adjusted and a trial j S’the ether as a conductor, and propagates was made at St. Mary's academy, a mile j ner, where the latch is to be placed, t the signals by electric waves. and a half away. Here again the tappings f Lay the two rails down on barn floor is The transmitter consists of an eight- came as accurately as when a single wall I. or trestles, if you have them, the proper m inch induction coil, which is operated by a divided the sending and receiving instru-f- distance apart, and nail on your pick- s storage battery of twenty-five volts. From ments. ; one of tbe binding posts of the induction iinoi In the laboratory at St. Mary's academy Z\ -'coil a wire runs to a galvanized iron ball was an induction coil that had been that is suspended from some object that brought from Paris by Rev. Provincial cles reduces the resistance sufficiently to HE practicability of Marconi’s sys rises above surrounding buildings. Ground Zahm. This coil could be pressed into ser cause the relay to operate. The normal re À tem of wireless telegraphy was dem wires complete the circuit. Electric dis vice in establishing a sending station at sistance of the coherer in I’rof. Green'» onstrated at Notre Dame University turbance is produced by forcing sparks trials was 10,000 ohtns; when affected by across by Prof. Jerome J. Green of the depart the space intervening between the the impulses it was reduced to between ' ment of electrical engineering. It did not discharging knobs on the induction coil. ten and fifty ohms. The power of trans-1 require elaborate mechanical devices to These knobs are adjusted and can be ar J J . d JUiJU mission is increased fourfold by doubling put the new system to a practical test. The ranged so as to produce a spark of varying the height of the vertical wire. The waves I A** 1 - length, depending on the capacity of the can be concentrated in one direction, like 1 metal ball and vertical wire which is at A SEAT FARM GATE, the rays of a searchlight. This is effect tached to one terminal of the induction ed by means of a Rigi oscillator aud a re ets, putting four nails in each end. coil. flector. Saw brace to fit in between rails with The rapid-oscillating, high-frequency Some experiments in the Marconi sys (sometimes 206,000) between the knobs tem of wireless telegraphy took place re out notching, and nail pickets to this. on the induction coil affect the ether in cently between Wimereux, a village on the Bolt on hinges, having holes in same, the vicinity of the vertical wire and metal French coast three miles north of Bou I so the bolts will pass through both ball so that electric waves are propagated logne, and the South Foreland. A pole picket and rail. At the other end bolt in every direction. These electric waves JNDICTION COIL. 156 feet high was erected at Wimereux a paling on each side of the rail. Have continue until they reach a ball and wire and the necessary instruments were plac a common latch made out of an old similar to those connected with the imluc- St. Mary's, and Prof. Green set his stu ed in a small station. A pole of the same tion coil. This ball and wire intercepts dents at work to fit up another set of in height was erected hard by the South wagon tire or any old piece of bar iron the waves, and conducts them to the re struments for that purpose. The instru Foreland lighthouse and the instruments and when this is properly secured your ceiver. The receiver consists of an instru ments used in transmitting the messages put in one of the rooms. The distance gate is complete. Always use dressed ment, called the coherer, which is con require no more space than a sewing ma from station to station is thirty miles. lumber, so you can paint gate any de nected with a high-resistance relay, such chine, mid those at the opposite end may The tests were conducted with the assent sired color, red being usually prefer as may be seen in any telegraph office. lie carried in the hand. The storage bat of the French Government, under the per- red. A gate made in this manner will This relay actuates an ordinary telegraph tery used in the Notre Dame experiments last for twenty years, if kept painted, sounder. had a capacity of forty ampere hours. tnd it will never sag a particle, and is Prof. Green became interested in the The power was conducted to an eight-inch good and strong. It is the easiest gate work after reading Marconi's paper read induction coil that transformed the low made, and the best we have ever tried. before the Institute of Electrical Engi tension electricity of the battery to the —New England Homestead. neers in London. When the successful high tension oscillating current that prop experiments were made in transmitting agated the waves, which, discharged from the Porch in Summer, messages across the English channel he the vertical wire and metal sphere, travel To live as much as possible out of determined to make an experiment for bis at the rate of 186,006 miles a second. doors is always desirable in summer, PIloFl.sHtiH MAKCONT. electrical classes. These waves resemble in length the In en tor of Wireless Telegraphy. aud if one has not a wide veranda they A number of visiting college presidents waves of sound rather than those of light. may have a nice tree or cluster of large material of the apparatus used was taken called nt the laboratory during the experi A vertical wire and sphere receive the shrubs, or a framework aud covered entirely from the physical laboratory of ment and witnessed the first working of impulses and convey them to the coherer. COHERER AND RELAY. vines. A few comfortable lounging the university. A storage battery that is the system. Among them were President This instrument is the essential one in the I common to any electrical workshop, a re Whitney nnd Vice-President Conway of wireless system. It consists of a glass sonal supervision of Mr. Marconi. places are to be desired. Old pieces of Washington; tube a few inches in length, the ends of tests proved highly satisfactory. They furniture may be renovated, painted lay and key from the telegraph room, an Georgetown University, induction coil from the X-ray apparatus President O’Hara of Mount Saint Mary’s which are closed with adjustable brass were conducted in the presence of dele and upholstered and made to stand the President plugs. The space between these plugs is gates from the French war office and the and a coherer nnd clinking coil made by College, Emmetsburg, Mil.; students under I'rof. Green’s instruction Lehy of Holy Cross College, Worcester, filled with filings of silver and nickel, French postoffice, who expressed them exposure and changes of the weather. The illustration shows a chair. The constituted the paraphernalia. These Mass.; President Fox of Saint John’s Col which cohere when affected by the elec- selves much gratified at the excellent framework consists of a box. two up were all that was needed to generate the lege, Fordham, N. Y., nnd the president triral wares. The cohesion of the parti- I working of the system. ft T XkA THE LATE EX-SENATOR TABOR Wns Bred tn Poverty, Acqnlrcl Mill ions unit Hied Without a Cent. The career of Horace A. W. Tabor, the former Croesus of Colorado, who died recently In Denver of appendicitis, was characteristic of the frontier com inanities In which lie lived. Illus- Irate» the ups mid downs of life It striking manner. lie was a poor st keeper, then a rich miner. He lived ill a cubin. then In a palace. He sat 'n the United States Senate, one of Its wealthiest members, and Inst year wits glad to get the salary of postmaster of Denver upon which to eke out an exist- ence. Tabor was born In Vermont In 1830 and went to Kansas, where lie served one term In the Legislature. After lighting grasshoppers and drought for Home years lie packed his wife and some things to ent and some tools to dig with Into a prairie schooner and started to find gold. Sometimes he kept store In mining camps, selling flour for $25 per 106 pounds and bacon for 50 cents a pound. Again he would test fortune lit a placer claim, nnd then set up a forge and sharpen tools for the miners. From 186t to 1878 he led a monoton otis existence, worklug drearily and profiting little, With the proceeds of the sale of his last yoke of oxen he opened a little store In a desolate Color ado gulch, about 10.606 feet above sea level. lit April, 1878. he supplied "grub stakes" to two shoemakers who were prospecting. These cobblers. Au gust Riche aud George F. Hook, dug for ore on the top of a hill. Other mln era laughed at their folly, but the cob blers stuck to their picks, and after digging twenty six feet struck a vein of carbonate ore of surpassing rich ness. Tills was the Little l'ittsburg mine. Taltor made a million or more from his Interest. The site of bls store became the center of Leadville and Tabor grew Immensely wealthy. His fortune was estimated at from $6,(MX).- 006 to $9,096,066. Then be moved to Daaver. At that time Denver was a placid town of 50,600 people. Tabor believed In its future. Near the city, “out on tile prairie,” he built La Veta Place at a cost of a million. This was his dwell ing. Then in the city he built the Ta bor Block nnd the Tabor Grand Opera House at a cost of $2,000,000. His building enthusiasm provoked a boom In Denver. Tabor was ambitious to be a great figure in his state aud In the country. In fulfillment of his ambitions he need ed, or thought he needed, a seat in the United States Senate nnd a fair young wife. He got both. He paid $400.060 to the faithful woman who had ridden with him In the prairie schooner ami laid shared In the privations of a pros pector's life and the cruel cold of tbe high plateaus of the Rocky Mountains. Though protesting, she obeyed her hus band nnd sued for divorce on the ground of desertion. The decree was granted. Pretty “Baby” Doe, of Lead ville, Immediately became Mrs. Tabor No. 2. One ambition was fulfilled. The seat In tlio Senate next was ab- talned, but for thirty days, to fill the unexpired term of Henry M. Teller. He failed of re-election. After his thirty days In office In Washington his fortunes began to wane. The need for ready money sent him to the lenders. Mortgages were the result. Mines fail ed. Ills buildings were not profitable. for a loan. Stratton advanced him $30,- 000 and Tabor continued his mining. Ill the spring of 1808 President Mc Kinley appointed him postmaster of Denver, the city he liad built up. The miners of Colorado were not displeased that at 68 years of age Tabor might have adequate shelter and food. THE AMERICAN JOKE. "Intercivic Humor" and Some of Its Amenities in America. Under the somewhat solemn title “Interclvlc Humor," Tudor Jenks has gathered together In the May Century many jests, oid ami new, that illustrate the readiness of the American in “get ting a grind” on his fellow-countryman in other parts of the land of jokes. “Seems to me that all the sharpers here come from Chicago,” said a New- Yorker once, without due consideration for Ills friend's native place. “Yes." said the Chicago man. musingly; “they do seem to know where to come.” But the Chicago Record Is respons ible for reporting that one of its own citizens was "cutting a great dash In his Chicago overcoat,” and explains that the garment is “fur on one side and a linen duster on the other." And the Tribune of the same city prints the following: He (after the Introduction)—I feel ac quainted with you already. Mrs. Sky- SENATOR TABORS LAST HOME AND MINI tine by one the properties were Bold. Millions slid from him ns rapidly as they had come to him. Tabor became penniless. He went out from Denver, lived In a cabin near Ward. Boulder County; lo- rated a mine and tried to dig new for- tunes out of the grouud. Success was not so familiar ns It liad been at Lead ville. For eight months he dug and found nothing and was forced to apply to Millionaire Stratton, a former $3 a- day carpenter, who bad struck it rich. right sticks and a board to form a back. The box should be 16 inches wide and “By his accent.” long, and 10 indies high, with a hinged “But he didn’t speak.” cover so the interior may be a recept- “I overheard him eating a piece of acle for odds aud ends, The uprights, pie.” I which can be of pine two indies wide It will be well here to repeat that by one inch thick, are securely screwed these stories may be considered as formed of adjustable parts. The Amer ican joke, like other articles of home manufacture, is made on tbe inter changeable principle. Thus we may apply to any of our growing cities the case of the farmer who wished to exchange his farm for city property, and drove out on a tour of inspection with the agent. The city lots were inspected. “Now, where is your farm?” asked the agent. “We A ClIAItt FOR THE PORCH. passed it five miles back, said the farmer. to the outer sides of the box, pitched at Of Boston such anecdotes as the fol an angle to make the back comfort lowing circulate: able. A board 18 Inches long by 12 Mrs. Beanleigh (of Boston)—Baby Inches wide is screwed to the upper spoke a sentence to-day, Oscar. I ends of them and the framework will Beanleigh—What was it, Constance? look like No. 1. The seat and sides are Mrs. Beanleigh (proudly)—She said, ’ to be upholstered by using some old “Mother seems to have astigmatism in hair or cotton. First cover with strong her left optic.” unbleached cotton, theD cover with any And the reply of the child who said, color of denim not easy to fade or show when asked if she would like a talk soil. At a hardware store get some ja ing doll: “Certainly, if you have any I panned iron shanked buttons, and with that converse intelligently. 1 could stout strings tuft the seat like a car not abide one that giggled.” riage cushion, and around the back and the seat tack a row of large headed Madanie Melba's First Appearrnce. tacks over a strip of white leather or Madame Melba lately gave an inter stiff canvas. esting account of her first public ap pearance. "I was quite a young girl Berry Culture. in Australia,” she said, “when, not Every farmer should raise enough withstanding the jierslstent discourage berries to supply the family all the ment of my father, who was averse to year. There Is nothing more delicious the Idea of a singer's career for me, I and healthful than strawberries, rasp engaged a hall In which to give a con berries and blackberries, and no other cert, and sent round a notice to all my crop on the farm pays as well for the friends. small outlay aud tbe land they require. “Unfortunately for my plans, gomc- September is the month to plant them, body mentioned the little scheme to and when this is properly done a good my father, and he, furious at my clan crop can be grown the first year. destine enterprise, begged every one of A northern slope that will draiu well his acquaintances to uphold his paren is best. A great many make the mis tal authority by ignoring the perform take of getting the soil too rich for ance. But I wasn't disheartened, aud, strawberries, and get a big crop of at the hour announced for the com vines with very little fruit. Land that mencement of my concert, stepped on will grow a good crop of corn is just to the platform—to find myself face to right, and when properly planted and face with an audience of two people. cultivated will always produce plenty And nobody else came."—Saturday of fine berries. The soil should be cleared of all weeds and rubbish, well Evening Post. pulverized with disk or cultivator and The Rock of Refuge. harrow, and then plowed deep and In the Sandwich Islands there Is a thoroughly pulverized after plowing. spot called the Rock of Refuge, If the Mark rows three feet apart and set the criminal reaches this rock before cap plants In deep, putting a half pint of ture he Is safe as long asahe remains water with each plant and packing the there. Usually his family supply him dtrt firmly around the roots. I-ate in with food until lie Is able to make his the fall they should be mulched with escape, but be is never allowed to re clean straw, marsh hay or corn stalks. turn to his own tribe. In the spring hoe or cultivate shallow, but not after the plants begin bloom Billiards. ing. ns It will cause them to rust.—Fruit The game of billiards wns Introduced Grower. Into Europe by the Knights Templars. more. In fact, I may claim to be a distant relation of yours. She—Indeed. Mr. Blim? I was not aw are of It. He— Yes. I find by an Item In the papers, this morning, that my second wife has just married your fourth hus band. When you have sympathy with an It Is doubtful, though, whether either of these journals copied the following ugly person It Is a sign that you are ugly yourself. dialogue from the New York Truth; “How did you know be was from All of us are very clever in finding Chicago?” excuses tor uot working more. Clenninu the Cellar. The first house cleaning In spring should be done In tbe cellar, removing whatever Is left of the vegetables and fruits put up for winter use. and after clearing away mould from the walls giving them a coat of fresh whitewash. I ' Into which a weak solution of carbolic acid has been put lu making it. This , will destroy latent germs, which more j often originate In the cellar than auy- j where else. After the cellar is cleaned and whitewashed place a few lumps of unslacked lime in any places that seem to be somewhat moist. Keep the cellar windows closed on warm, sun shiny days and open them at night especially if rather cool. It is the warm air front outside in the cellar coming in contact with the cold stone walls and metal which it contains that deposits moisture and soon forms a ' mould on all such surfaces. Most peo ple think it is cool air which is respon sible for damp walls. On the contrary, it is the warm aud apparently dry air from the outside which does it when this is brought in contact with any cool surface. A Monster Hog, The largest hog ever raised in Butler County, Ohio, was slaughtered on March 9, weighing 1,275 pounds. It was three years and ten days old, and was of Poland-China stock. His measurement from nose to rump (tail) was 7 feet and 4 inches; across the back when standing up was 2 feet 6 inches; around the neck close to his ears 5 feet 4 inches; girth around the heart near the forelegs 7 feet 7 inches; around the flank 7 feet 8 inches. After he was hung up and split through the back I measured the thickness at the shoulders and along the back; at the shoulders, 12 Inches; along the back, 10 Inches; there was 6 inches of fat and 4 Inches of lean meat. On November 24 this hog weighed 830 pounds, making a gain of 445 pounds in 105 days, or 4)4 pounds per day, the largest gain per day on rec ord. During this period he ate forty ears of corn per day, and, as it takes about 100 average ears for a bushel, the total corn fed during the 105 days was forty-two bushels, making an av erage gain of 10 3-5 pounds gross weight per bushel of corn. Having ex perimented several years in feeding hogs to learn the gain in live weight per bushel of corn, with the choicest selected hogs and under the most fa vorable conditions the gain was ten pounds per bushel. Tbe net weight of this hog was 1,100 pounds, the loss being a fraction less than 14 per cent.; the general average loss from live to net weight ranges from 15 to 18 per cent, on large and well fattened hogs.—Cincinnati Price Current. Dandelions for the Garden. The stand-by for early greens in many country places is the dandelion, which grows spontaneously in the pas tures, showing its location by bright yellow flowers. But when tbe dande lion is old enough to blossom it is not so juicy and tender as it Is in the ear lier stages of its growth. Besides, a further Improvement is made by dig ging up the roots the previous year and planting them in some rich place In the garden. There is a slight tonic bitter to the dandelion greeus which makes them liked by almost every body, and those who do not entirely like the flavor eat the greens because they are healthful. Some gardeners claim that they have originated new varieties with larger, thicker leaves than those on dandelions that grow wild. It is possible, however, that it is the garden culture rather than dif ferences in variety that makes the new sorts preferable. Profit from Garden Herbs. There are certain kinds of vegeta bles which have a good sale when dried that are far too little grown. We allude to such herbs as sage, thyme, fennel, coriander aud tbe like. More money is often made from a sage bed than from tbe same area of land plant ed in anything else. There is always a good demand for it to use for stuffing when pork, turkey or chicken are to be roasted, and if the herb has to be bought at the grocer's or drug store several times what the farmer could well afford to sell it for lias to be paid. There would be more profit in farming If farmers paid more attention to the small items which they now neglect, because they seem too unimportant to be worthy of notice. Solid Floors for Stables. Wherever there is a crack in a stable floor where horses or cows are kept, fertility, which is really money, is con stantly being lost as the liquid excre ment runs to waste. There are under many old stables several feet depth of soil tilled with this excrement, which if drawn out on tbe fields makes the richest kind of manure. The stable floor should lie solid, either made with matched plank, or. better still, laid in cement, which will not absorb the ex crement or rot as it lies upon it. Green Bone for Hens. Fresh-cut Irone contains the right kind of material to make an egg. the lime in it furnishing tbe shell. It is better than grit for fowls, as, unlike the bits of stoue. it is ground nnd di gested in the gizzard, thus serving a double purpose. helping to digest grain and being itself digested at the same time. Fowls that eat much green bone will make manure equal to that which wild birds make from eating fishes, and which when composted becomes the guano of commerce. Stra wherries« The old plan of spading under a por tion of tbe old strawberry bed, so as to leave the plants in rows, will not pay. Better reset clean land with vig orous plants, arranging to grow a crop of potatoes every third year to clean the land and mellow it The picking of berries on heavy clay land causes it to become so packed as to require culti vating at least one season in e cry three with some hoed crop.—Barnum's Midland Funner.