Image provided by: Yamhill County Historical Society; McMinnville, OR
About The Yamhill County reporter. (McMinnville, Or.) 1886-1904 | View Entire Issue (April 1, 1898)
NAVY SIGNAL SERVICE HOW SHIP CAPTAINS SEND SE CRETS ACROSS THE WATER. This Milliner of Giving Order. I. Now a Mutter of Science — Me.suge. Cun lie Sent ut Night—Electric Light, tliut Tulk. mon exceptions, these orders are not memorized. Each ship carries a num ber of signal books or “keys" for va rious uses—all arranged in the same manner aud perlia;»« many having du plications of the numbers, and ft Is nec essary first to tell in which “key" the answer is to be read before the signal can be properly translated. In one book “4136” may mean “Attack,” and still something else In the cipher book. On going Into action covers weighted with lead are slipped about them, and it be comes the signal officer's duty to cast them overboard and beyond the reach of a victorious foe. which also assists In warming up the Signals of Ships, I land, and permits more direct rays of Of all the things that went down in the sun, Increasing earliness from ten to fifteen days. To level land again, the Maine, nothing was more vital to turn top of ridge track into the bottom the navy than the safe recovery of the signal books from the captain's cabin, of north Bide furrows. Good for the Cow. Should they have fallen into the hands Bare Places la .Meadow«. of the Spaniards, our secret codes The other day a bicycle rider found It sometimes happens that meadows would be common property and a whole a rare chance for sport. He was near which were good one year are eaten corps of Spanish spies, right in our ser the suburbs of Worcester. A farm out by grubs in the root In fall, or are vice, could scarcely embarrass us more. wagon appeared, with a cow trailing destroyed by winter freezing, making behind, patiently submitting herself to bare places. These are not only un Points in Gardening. l>e led by a rope from the front seat Agardenis not comple*-1 unless It con sightly, but as nature abhors a vacuum, The bicycle Idiot rode up to the cow tains a full variety of vegetables. It such places are quickly filled up with and began a series of tactics to annoy should not contain anything that is not weeds. If there are many such places, her. He punched her In the ribs, yell desired. I’eas should be grown for It Is better to apply what manure can ed In her ears and dodged around her early, medium and late pickings, and be spared and reseed. But If there legs. Occasionally he fell back and ft early and late cabbages should be in are only a few, harrowing the bare taking hold of her tall, attempted to the list. Tomatoes are essential In all , plnces and throwing on some grass seed make her tow his bicycle. The cow ob gardens. The tomato Is a plant that and a top dressing of manure will jected and kicked viciously. Tills only ■will have blossoms and fruit at all probably make a sod by fall. Blit no I amused the rider, and he directed his stages of growth, even to ripening, nt crop of grass can be expected from attention to an annoyance that would the same time bearing a continuous such land this year, and if possible, it induce her to continue kicking, mean- crop until frost. There Is nothing so should be plowed for a year’s cropping, I while keeping out of reach of her heels. easily grown ns early beets, and they to be reseeded the following year. Finally the animal stopped kicking and are luxuries cotn[>ared with the field The Draught of Chimneys. appeared to become indifferent. Some kinds. Carrots and parsnl[>s nre favor FLEET SIGNALS OK FLAGS. Many chimneys have defective spectators on a passing street car ob ites with many, but the seeds should be planted early. A hundred strawber draught because more pains Is taken New books would have to be Issued, served, however, that she had turned ry plants will entail little or no labor, to make a smooth outside where the and before every ship could be notified her bead so as to keep an eye on her and are not only ornajnental, but use mason work shows, than on the Inside, and supplied anew with other "keys, ’ I persecutor. It took her a few minutes ful In a garden. Before next spring tiie where the efficiency of the chimney to months of priceless time would be lost to get the range, and meanwhile the bed will multiply to over 1,000 plants. carry off superfluous smoke depends on and our service severely crippled. Sig bicycle Idiot grew bold and reckless, They should lx* set out ns early as the how the chimney was constructed. A naling between ships is as old as the encouraged by her quiet behavior. Sud land will permit. Unless the garden is well-proportioned chimney should be at hills, almost; but only within recent denly the animal darted forward, so large, such crops as sweet «>rn and least as large at Its top as It is at bot years lias It become the scientific ne las to get a slack in the rope, stopped potatoes should be omitted. Try one tom. This rule Is often violated, some cessity it Is to-day. A ship without I short and let both heels fly. Her aim or two plants, for experiment, of pep people having the idea that If the aper some means of distant signaling is even was sure this time, and the bicycle went per, okra, eggplant and cauliflower, If ture at the top is made smaller the worse off than a dumb man without ¡out from under the idiot’s feet The not accustomed to growing such, and smoke will be forced out more violent arms, for she is not only pitiably mute, street car spectators raised a shout, they will surely be nd*bsl to the crops ly. It may seem to lie so, but such but dangerously so as well. It is sel | the motorman rang a chime with his next year. The greater the variety the chimneys will soon clog up by the dom possible, even in times of peace, at gong and the farmer aud his boy whip- smoke condensing on their sides, be more enjoyment with a garden. sides throwing a good deal of smoke To Cut Up a Beef. The following diagram shows the through the lower rooms of the house. Charcoal for Lawns. number and style of cuts Into which a The dark color of charcoal makes it Ix*ef Is divided at the Chicago Stock Yards. The average weight of each cut alisorb heat, ami thus warm the land and the price paid per pound for It at to which it is applied as a dressing. It may also have considerable manurial value, as the charcoal easily absorbs —,\iwl \v*rwui ammonia, and if soaked in strong C m U'ui / n/i* ¿»« za ... manure water from a comixjst, It will carry the ammonia to the lawn in less offensive form than in the manure, which is so often us«l for that purpose. 1 i! ifil Cultivation of Beets. nOW A BEEF 18 CUT UP. wholesale are also given In the dia gram. It will lx* seen that there Is a wide range In the price per pound of the various parts, and that only a small portion commands the highest price. It is to be said of the pie«1« into which a steer 1« cut up that the choicest bite sell too high and some of the other ;x>r- tlons too low. Mnple Sugar. Clay loam is often the finest beet soil, but on account of subsoiling and be cause of the need of good drainage, it must not have a rough clay or hard-pan underneath. Perfect beets demand not SPEED CONE AND THE INFORMAL SEMAPHORE« only depth, mellowness and fertility as “WIG—WAG.” FI,AO SIGNALS. soil characteristics, but, as well, free dom from standing water for any sea to hail a passing vessel by speech, ped up the horse. The impassive cow length of time and from such stones and In times of war to do so would lie only wiggled her ears and gave an Im os would interfere with cultivation. practically denied by the conditions of aginary fly on her side a triumphant service. Some sure and accurate means slap with her tail. The wheel was so Selecting a Calf. A correspondent suggests a novel of visual communication must serve twisted that the rider had to walk idea for selecting a calf which is In- instead; anti with us we have recourse home as helplessly as the cow was be tended for a milk cow. He says: “Nev to colors, form and sound. At present ing led. He will not sue the owner of er k«bp a calf with a thick, short, stub we have no less than eight means of the cow.—Worcester (Mass.) Gazette. by tall or otherwise of an ox-llke ap- signaling; and, paradoxical as It may THE AMERICAN GIRL. ;>ea rance unless for the feed lot. This is a simple way of ascertaining a desir One Artist Declares that There Is No able piece of Information, and the Distinct American Face. writer wishes some would try It.”— Recently the New York Herald Invit Journal of Agriculture. ed several distinguished artists to draw Is it not possible to utilize our maple trees more fully for making sugar? They nre everywhere giving out as shade trees. In fact, the maple tree thrives adniirnbly In groves, but you rarely find a perfect specimen standing alone on the lawn or in the street. Let us go back to the old habit of having a maple grove, and making our own Shippers’ Improved Milk Can. sugar. Whether the iMX-t-sugar enter A milk can for shippers that will al prise will prove a success or not, we know that maple-sugar milking is a ways hold a given quantity of milk is natural enterprise throughout all the shown In the accompanying Illustra tion. The met boil of Northern States. There ought to be securing tills result fifty pounds made where there Is one is by having nn ex made now. Those who are fortunate terior corrugated enough to lx* in condition for making or covering, sugar this spring should not lx> turn«! within It the aside front It, anil hope to make more ROCKET AND SKA lit BLIGHT. regulation can. money by growing Ix'ets. Ix<t us have Then, no matter if seem, we are most In the dark by day- the largest possible crop of maple tiie can should be ■ light, for then we must depend for sugar. It will pay better nt 8 or 10 dented In transit, i the greater part upon the doubtful tliit- cents a jxiund than Ix'et sugar at 4.— tiie interior recepta l taring of our flags, and the questiona New York Independent. cle will still hold Its ble interpretation of color and form Care of Form Tools. original shape. This which distance and refraction tent Tools on the farm may be costly alteration of capa easily to confuse. At night, backed by when they are not kept In place. When city In cans when the deep setting of gloom, it Is an easy the hurry of work comes the Imple tiny become dent«l matter to flash for miles our messages ment most required may be out of Its or battered Is a very with accuracy and quickness and lie location—really lost—ami a new one serious one In the sure of their proper reading. For day must then be procured. Some Imple dairy Industry, re use—setting aside that polyglot inter ments may then need repairs, which sulting In frequent disputes and much national Hag code common to all mari should have been procured weeks be- litigation.—Philadelphia Record. time nations we have the service flag fare. Cases are known in which farm code, the wig-wag or single-flag code Sheep Feeding. ers who have changed locations found familiar to nearly every modern school F«xllng Sheep for market should be boy, the semaphore code, an elabora themselves loaded with tools that they a sejMirate business from simply rais did not supitose they had, the clearing tion of the railway signals, and the up of goods for removal bringing to ing them In the usual manner. They whistle code to be us«l either day or light those that had Ixxm put In some should receive clover hay and a liberal night In foggy weather. The use of the out-of-the-way place. Another careless allowance of ground grain, as well ns speed code, hoisted on the yard arm to class of farmers Is that which stores be sheltered In a large yard. In order give the gradation of concerted speed, the tools In places so safe that they for not to have them travel over the fields can hardly lie called a code. Aside get them, and though Intending to be while fattening, the object being to fat from the flag code, consisting essen careful they endeavor to keep in re ten them quickly, aud sell as soon as tially of thirteen elements or flags rep membrance the location which they they lire ready. resenting the numerals from 9 to 0 and cannot recall. An Inventory of farm Marketing l*nr«nips. three repeaters—substltut«! In place of Implements and tools on«1 or twice a The demand for |Nirsnlps Is best In duplications, and the semaphore cover year would change such «mdltlons. winter, nnd In the Southern States they ing the same numerals and all the let are allowed to remain In the ground ters of the alphal>et, the two remaining Kvergrren Trees from Seed. Evergreen seeds may I m * planted In until wanted, while In the northern —the wig wag ami the whistle are beds of leaf mold mlx«l with sand. States they tire dug late In fall and based upon the familiar tolegrade codes The seeds should be covered with a lit stored In trenches. They are shipped of dots ami dashes. The semaphore in tle annd wet down, anti clean hay put In small ventilated barrels, the tops our service can hardly be counted upon over the beds, until the seeds germin having l*een removed and the roots lu tluu1 of war. for the New York Is the only vessel so fitted, and the rest of the ate. After the plants appear they may washed when ne«*ssary. «hips are practically unpracticed In be shaded with screens of latlm, wa Shelter Raves Food. tered In dry weather, ami have dry A herd of twenty cows that are not reading It. In the British service, the sand sprinkled around them In wet properly sheltered and kept warm In semaphore Is one of the most trl«l day weather to prevent too much damp- winter will «ait enough additional food time metliixU of signaling; ami the ra Seeds of evergr«»ns are often to more than pay for shingling the pidity and accuracy with which they MOB. germlnat«l and the plants well started leaking roof over them, and they will can dispatch messages Is truly wonder only with great difficulty, and skill 18 also lose more than enough In the prod ful. With our blue-jackets they look requisite of su«’ess. uct of milk or butter to paLnt the build upon It ns something akin to marine ing. Shelter saves food and iwomotes railroading, and are not complimentary For Knrljr Vegetables. In their remarks. With the thirteen If you have a south slope, plow • health. principal flags of our day code, supple heavy furrow on the north side of the Have u Trade Mark. mented by a half dozen designating row, throwing the soil as high as pos Burin«* men have trade marks; so pennants, It Is ¡»osslble to make about sible. Turn a light furrow «11«* back sliould the farmer. The farmer who 12.000 different “hoists” or combina against this. Rake the south elope to uses n trade mark. and puts It on every tions. varying from one to two, three, any pitch deaired, and plant midway thing be soils In packages, advertise, or four flags, not counting the ;>en- from top to bottom on the south side. ills goods and creates a market for his nants. These hoists indicate the num This secures an earlier drying out of products. In adopting a trade mark, bers of certain established orders or In the soil, especially If rather «wirso however, only the beat aud choicest ar structions carried In the “key" books of manure Is covered Inside the ridge, ticles should be sold. the service, ami, with very tow «—■- sketches showing the conception of each of the distinctive type of Ameri can young woman. Tile accompanying picture is Mr. W. T. Smedley’s idea. But it Is not offered as a distinctive type, because Mr. Smedley declares that there is no distinct American face. “The American girl," he said, “is Amer ican mainly in general get-up—in man ner, bearing and dress. Were you to dress a number of men or women of different nationalities exactly alike you «>uld not, I believe, easily pick out the representative of one from the other. I've seen Russians who looked like Un cle Sam and Americans who looked like Russians, and I've known any number of similar Instances. Similarly In a un SPAIN’S AMERICAN 1808. Within one hundred years Spain has lost all of her territory on the Western Hem isphere, except the Islands of Cuba and Puerto Rico. Spain own«l one hundred years ago a great part of what Is now the United Stato«, nil of .Mexico, Central and South America save Brazil, and the Gtilauua, aud many of the IVeet Indies. sight anti friendly ships are passing In and out, the break is left open at the shore station, so that a mine If struck will not explode. The contact, electro-contact and ob servation mines can only be used In comparatively shoal water and In places where the current is not very strong. When the depth of water Is considerable, or when zfto current is rapid, “ground mines”—heavy mines similar fa construction to the others, but resting on the bottom—must be used. Ground mines have been plant ed In slxty-flve feet of water. For this depth a charge of about 1,200 pounds of guncot ton, equivalent to 4.800 pounds of gunpowder, should be used. The method of firing the ground mine is very simple and Ingenious. The mine Is held In position on or near the ground by a heavy anchor or sinker. Two observers are usually employed to determine when the enemy is directly over tlie mine. The mine is tlien ex ploded by means of electric cables. High explosives Mke guncotton, dyn amite or explosive gelatine are used In submarine mines at present. They are superior to gunpowder In that they are not seriously affect«! by moisture. A. leak In the case containing the charge will not render It useless, as would be the case with gunjxnvder mines. Besides, the high explosives are from four to six times as powerful as gunpowiler. The pressure necessary to blow a hole through the double bot tom of a modern ship has been esti mated to be between 6,000 and 12,000 pounds per square inch. The important function of the sub marine mine defense is to check the first advance of a naval enemy against a seaport, thus giving the defenders time to concentrate their ships to meet the attack. An Instrument of War, The bagpipe, whose stirring music find the blood of the Gordon Hlgh- landers as they scaled the heights of Dargal, enjoys, though It Is not gener ally known, the unique distinction of THE POSSESSIONS. THE RAM KATAHDIN. The Powerful U. H. Turtle-back Ship Recently Placed in Commission. The belief prevails among naval of ficers that In a naval tight Hhe country would be electrified with the havoc caused among the enemy’s fleet by such a vessel as the Katahdin. No modern vessel of this kind has ever been used In actual warfare, and, in fact, the Katahdin is about the only craft of her kind In the world. She re sembles the old-style ram Merrimac only In the use of armor, the employ ment of steam power and the pointed steel prow. The Katahdin has a length on the load water line of 250.9 feet and her beak or ruin, which is below the water lino, gives her an extreme length of about 254 feet. Other statis tics of the vessel are: Displacement under normal coal supply, 2,155; ton nage, 582; extreme breadth, 43.5 feet; mean draught, 15 feet; Indicated horse power, 5,068; speed, 16.11 knots; ca pacity of coal bunkers, 192.70 tons. The Katahdin Is propelled by twin screws. Iler full complement consists of 90 men. The most peculiar feature of the Katahdin is her coiwealmeut under water. Only her smooth turtle back, covered with armor plate aud sur mount«! simply by a small conning tower and a smokestack are visible. The tower is made of steel is Inches thick, and unless squarely hit by a heavy shot at close range, is proof against any attack. Aside from her dangerous sharp beak of steel and her covering of armor plate the Katahdin Is equipped with slight means of of fensive or defensive character. She carries four six-pound, rapid-firing guns, which are intended as defense against torpedo boats or boarders. Her speed Is low, hardly higher than tluit of a batUeahip; but with her tre mendous momentum and powerful pro pelling force behind a sharp steel prow tiie Katahdin Is calculated to do a lot of mischief among the enemy’s fleet. KAM KATAHDIN IN ACTION. having been declar«! by a court of law to be “an Instrument of war.” In an early volume of the Scots Magazine we find It reported that on the 15th No vember, 1746, a James Reid, of Angus, was tried for taking part In the rebel lion. It was proved for his defense that he had never carried arms of any kind. but, on the other hand, it was shown that he had for some time offici ated as a piper In a Highland regiment. It Is not unlikely that he had been pressed Into the service, for we are told “he behaved very devoutly, prayed fer vently, and sang part of a psalm.” Not. withstanding these most untraditional piper traits, however, the court found poor Reid guilty of high treason, and senteiMid him to suffer the punishment which that crime Involved. It -was held that a “Highland regiment never marched without a piper, and. there fore, his bagpipes In rhe eye of the law was an instrument of war," There Is little wonder, in the face of such a decision, that Pennant when he came north later in the century found the bagpipes becoming scarce.” The ram, being sltua ted belowthe water line, is directed at the most vulnerable part of a battleship or cruiser, where armor Is either thin or altogether ■wanting. Taking Life Seriously. This exceptionally clever photo of children was taken in Dublin. The two mites who in their garb of monk and nun look so solemnly out on the( Li and the Woman Doctor. THE AMERICAN GIRI.. tlon. Its beauty often «»mes from the outside; yet the nation gets the credit for It. Nor is the highest beauty to be found among the aristocracy, but among the “people'” How Chinese Catch Fiah. The drug used by the Chinese In catching fish is Coculus lndicus, which I» powdered and mlx«l with dough and scattered broadcast over the water after the manner of sowing seed. The fish seize and devour it with avidity and Instantly become Intoxicated and turn up by hundreds on the top of the water. They are then gathered np and placed In vessels containing clear wa tt* Li Hung Chang’s visit to England Is «aid to have had the most beneficial effect on the destinies of women in China. Since his return he has ap pointed the first Chinese lady practic ing medicine in her own land to be physician to the women of his house hold. Two delegates. Miss Wang and Dr. Eng. are to represent the Celestial empire at the women’s «ingress In London in 1898. The latter Is the daughter of a mandarin who was con verted to Christianity and graduat«l in an American university; and she ob tained the degree of doctor of medi cine at the Women’s Medical College, Philadelphia. She has been so suc cessful In the healing art that she is now known ns the miracle lady.—St James Gazette. Queer Restauraat Sign. SISTER MARTHA AND BROTHER PAUL. world in general are aged 4 and 3 re spectively. Brother Paul has the ex pression of one meditating great truths and Sister Martha is as benign as though fifty years older. changed His Opinion. Spinner—I’m surprised to hear you talk as you do about Belle Sprocketts. You us«t to say she was the most fool ish girl you ever knew. Now you sim ply rave over her. Whaf s happened, old chap! Scorchley—What, me say she was foolish? Never! Why, say, do you know that she's rode her wheel every day thia winter? When a man 1» making a night of It he usually discovers that the darkest hour Is just Wore the dawn. In Sweden the railway stations where meals nre served are known by He may be called Senor de Lome In the picture of a crossed knife and fork Spain, but hit name U Mud In thia opposite the name of the station. | country.