Image provided by: Yamhill County Historical Society; McMinnville, OR
About The Yamhill County reporter. (McMinnville, Or.) 1886-1904 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 3, 1897)
ELIJAH I’. LOVEJOY. THE MONUMENT TO HIS MEM. ORY AT ALTON, ILL. History of This Rcmurkeble Mun** Yìgbt Aguiust the Evils of Slavery— Thrilling Events that I uliiiiiiatcd in Hie Assaswiuation. Died u Martyr. where lie graduated with . ollor three years Inter. He then taught school n few years, but was seized will) the mania for migration to tlie West, ami Innded in Si. Louis in 1827. Here he begun writing for the local press. Ills first newspaper work was done us an attache of Hie St. Louis Times, which advocated tlie election of Henry Clay to the Presidency. lie hud u seemingly brilliant opening Imre. Imt during u re ligious revival Hint followed tlie elec- embraced the Presbyterian faith, and Ills purpose In life wits sud denly changed. lie entered tlie Prime ton Theological Seminary in 1X12. and was licensed to preach a year later by the Philadelphia Presbytery. Return ing. however. Ii SI. Louis, lie Wils ils- sisted by friends in tlie founding of a weekly newspaper, which lie culled the St. Ixntis Oliserver. Tlie first number nppeared Nov. 22. 1X1.3. The slavery question was then agi tating the community. and it was im possible for a man of his positive con vletlons to keep still on such a vital subject. During I he summer of IX! 1 lie formally announced his opposition to Hie whole system of slavery, and there by Ix'gan Ills troubles. Ills editorials soon began to lie talked about, yet they would read as very mild utterances to day. They me significant also In that Hwy prove that Lovejoy was not an a bolitionlst. Ho said in his own utnus: "Gradual emancipation Is remedy we propose. This we look on as the only feasible and. indeed, only desirable way of effectlug freedom from tlie thralldom in which we are held. In the meantime the rights of all classes of our citizens should be respected, and tlw work i »- posed, carried on and finished ns one In which all classes are alike Interest ed. ami In which all may lx* called up on to make sacrifices of individual In terests to the general welfare of the community." on another occasion he said that eniiimlpatlon should lx* ef footed "by the masters and no others.' He hated slavery, but appreciated the (sadtion and feeling of tlie slavehold ers. and frequently stated that It was a national and not a sectional evil. Yet even this line of argumeut was bitter ly resented, and under ante of Oct. 5, 1X35. a letter was sent to him by n com mittee of St. Louis citUeus command ing that he cease talking of slavery in his |Mt|x'r. He refused flatly and in au editorial said: "Tlie free communion tlon of thoughts and opinions Is one of the Inalienable rights of man, and any person may freely speak, write or print on any subject. Iwlng responsible for the abuse of thnt liberty." In the clos ing paragraph he thus declared him self: “I do. therefore, ns an American citizen and Christian patriot. In the name of liberty, law mid religion, sol emnly protest against all these at tempts, however and by whomsoever made, to frown down the liberty of the press and forbid the free expression of opinion. Under a deep sense of my ob ligations to my country, the church and my God, I declare It to be my fixed pur pose to submit to no dictation. And I am prepared to abide by the couse ouences. I have aopcaled to the Con i ; n? % Over sixty years ago. on the night of Nov. 7, 1837, Elijah 1'. Lovejoy was shot down in Alton, 111., while with a few stam-li friends he was defending his printing press against the blind fury of a pro-slavery mob. Tills Is tlie incident upon which was bused tlie ap- propriaHon of $25.oi o by tlie Illinois legislature for the erection in Alton of a monument to tlie memory of the martyr, the dedication oi which took place on Hie recent anniversary of that famous tragedy. The man whose brief career Is Bins commemorated in marble and bronze. Elijah Parish Lovejoy, was born at Albion, Kennebec. Me.. Nov. 8. 18112. He was the eldest of n family of nine children, tlie son of a Congregational minister. The early years of Ills life were spent upon the little New En gland farm, ami were distinguished only in his abnormal desire for knowl edge. Ills spare time was always occu pied In study, and by Ids own thrift lie was enabled to enter Hie sophomore class in Waterville College stltutlon and laws of my country; If they will fail to protect me I appeal to my God, and with Ilim 1 cheerfully rest my cause." This bror^lit a re quest for Lovejoy to resign as editor of the Observer. He did so at once, but the paper was in debt and the stock was turned over to a Mr. Moore, who replaced him in charge, mid they de cided to bring tlie plant to Alton. This «ns reconsidered. however, mid the paper continued. In April. 18311, a ne gro was lynched. The Observer de nounced the lynching as a disgrace to 1 ll r L the community, and when the judge of the local court quashed proceedings against members of the mob, charac terizing tlie act as "beyond all human law,” his action was in turn attacked as disgraceful and demoralizing. A few days later the Observer office was entered ami the plant ruined. The press was not destroyed and was shipped on Sunday to Alton. The same night it was wrecked ami dumped into the river. A public meeting followed ill which the people promised to secure another outfit for tlie paper. The pub lication of the Observer was resumed Sept, s, ixtt;. It was uninterrupted until the following August. Lovejoy wrote without intermission on tlie sub ject of slavery, and meantime contin ued ills religious work, being modera- tor of the Alton Presbytery when lie died. The St. Louis opposition, however, soon manifested itself there, mid on July 11. 1837. a public meeting pro tested against the course of the paper and appointed a committee to intercede with Lovejoy. He received the delega lion politely, but In cold disdain of their mission. The troulile culminated as usual. Tiie plant was totally de- slroyed on tlie night of Aug. 21. The same night a committee of vigilantes waylaid Lovejoy on a lonely road and Informed him that they had decided he was a nuisance In tlie community and proposed to tar and feather and there again, with Lovejoy, and saw him killed. This roll of honor Is as fol lows: Elijah 1‘. Lovejoy, Timdileus 1’. Hurlburt, Royal Weller. James Morse Jr.. Edward Breath, J. C. Woods,. Reu ben Gerry. Enoch Lang. Samuel J. Thompson, D. F. Randall, Amos It. Roff. William Harned. John S. Noble, George IL Walworth. George II. Whit ney, Winthrop :'. Gilman, tieorge S. Brown. II. D. Davis, D. Burt Loomis, Henry Tanner. Of Illis committee the last one. D. Burt Loomis, passed away nt his home in Minneapolis one year ago. About 9 o'clock Hie mob sur rounded the warehouse again. Tlie at tack came promptly, accompanied by many shots, ('apt. Long ordered one shot fired ill response. Tills killed a man. and tlie mob dispersed, but re turned later t<> the attack with greater fury. An attempt was made to tire the roof, mid during a lull Lovejoy went out to see If the blaze had taken hold. Then five shots rung out from behind a woodpile mid Lovejoy fell dead. That ended the trouble. Tlie mob at once retired mid no further demonstration was made. Lovejoy was buried two days later, and by coincidence a col ored man dug his grave ami eared for it for years while others knew not even its location. Later Thomas Diinmock, n St. Louis Journalist, procured a lot in tlie city cemetery, had tlie remains re moved there mid placed upon the grave tlie present stone, a scroll oi New En gland granite, bearing tlie words: "Here lies Lovejoy. Spare him now that lie is buried." In August. 1885, Mr. Diminock transferred by deed to tile colored people of Alton Illi right, title and interest In the lot and its con tents. and they are now its legitimate custodians. Such is tlie history of tlie man whom tlie people of Illinois have thus commemorated in Imperishable stone. History lias vindicated his work mid Ids principles tlie essential point of which, after all. was based not on abolitionism, but upon the maintenance nt all hazards of the right of free speech and the liberty of the American press. ANCIENTS VALUED GOLD. Antique Mining Implements Discov ered Near the Red Sea. Gold was probably tlie first metal ob served and collected, because of tlie in stinctive understanding of its intrinsic value. About it superstitious grew, re ligious ami ceremonious rites and strange crimes were committed for its possession in tlie days when it was be lieved that It was of such stuff that tlie sun itself was made ami tile halls of Valhalla paved. Itiw-k paintings and carvings of Egyptian tombs earlier than the days of Joseph indicate the o]*eration of washing auriferous sand, and a subsequent melting in furnaces by the aid of blow pipes, Less than twenty years ago tlie old . mines of Nubia. so graphically described by Diodorotts, were rediscovered on tlie shores of the Red Sea. together witli a line of iim-ient wells across tlie desert; the underground workings where ore veins had lieen followed with tlie pick, the rude cupelling furnaces for assay ing. picks, oil lamps, stone mills, mor tars and pestles, inclined warming ta bles of stone, crucibles and retorting furnaces of burned tile, by which the entire process could lie traced. Here slaves and hapless prisoners set him adrift on tlie river. He lis of war exchanged their life blood for glittering dust to fill the treasuries of tened calmly, ami then said: "Gentle their captors. In India and Asia men. I am in your hands, with neither Hie power nor the dis|x>sition to resist. Minor tlie powdered ore was washed I have. however, one quest to make, down over smooth, shilling rocks and My wife is dangerously ill and I was gold caught in the fleeces of sheepskins It was literally on my way to town to have a prescrlp- sunk in the stream. tion filled. II' one of you will pledge a golden fleece that Jason brought Ids word to take it and have the medi buck from the Caucasus. Further cine prepared and deliver it al my north and following the eastern foot house without letting my wife know hills of Mount Ararat to the southern what Ims become of me you may do slope of the Ural mountains in Rus with me what you wish." There was sian Siberia, where last year millions profound silence for a moment, and were taken out of tlie old mines, the then the leader said: "Boys, I can’t ancient Scythians broke up rock an<T touch him. He is too brave a man.” gravel with copper implements, scrap And he was allowed to go In peace. On ed out the glittering dust and nuggets Si pt. 21. another press arrived. It was with the fangs of wild boars, and car destroyed the same night. Then Love- ried their gain away in bags of leather. Joy thought of removing either to St. All through this region miners of to Charles, Mo„ or to Quincy. But he was day know that one of tlie chief da tigers not disposed to run away from trouble, to be avoided are the Scythian pits, mid on the advice of friends he re sixty feet deep in the gravel, and shaped like a well. The remains of mained mid ordered a new press. In anticipation of its arrival another thousands of small furnaces of burn public meeting was held, with the ob- ed clay testify to tlie long period over Ject of persuading the editor to take which the workings of the mines ex tended.— Modern Machinery. CRADLE OF A FAMOUS FAMILY. I Interior showed that it contained a lot of ixxiks and bundles of vouchers and The Celebrated Harrison Homestead such papers. It was Hie unwholesome Down in Old Virginia. 1 odor that hung about tlie Surrogate's The Berkeley home of the Harrison family of Virginia is one of -the Inter esting landmarks of the nation. It has been u birthplace of a governor of Virginia and signer of tlie Declaration of Indefs'iidence: of a revolutionary general and of a Presillent of the I'ni- ted States. The estate is mentioned In colonial annals as long ago as If»: '»•J when it was the scene of a terrible In dian massacre. It was then owned by a prominent settler. George Thorpe, who was killed during the uprising by an Indian whom he liad befriended. Berkeley soon afterward passed into the hands of Benjamin Harrison. His BIRTHPLACE OF W. II. HARRISON. descendants lived there until within the last twenty-five years, during which time, we are told, tlie place nev er lacked an ¡innate of tlie name of Benjamin Harrison. Berkeley is mi unpretending building io have been the home of so many treat men. Th" house is of brick, two stories ami a half high, with a quaint sloping roof and dormer windows. A modern porch lias lieen added to two sides of the structure in recent years. To one room in Berkeley pertains es pecial interest. When tlie hero of Tip pecanoe, Gen. William Henry Harrl- son. was elected to tlie 1'residency lie left ids Ohio home and came to ills birthplace, Berkeley, to write ids in- augural address "in hls mother’s room.” During the civil war Berkeley was known in the North i as Harrison's La tiding. It was occupied by Gen. McClellan after his "change of base," July. 18(12, and was tlie place to which he retreated and fortified himself after the liattle of Malvern Hill, the last of tlie seven days’ battles. MONI MKNT OF l.OVK.IOV. a new course. Then It was that he made his dying declaration, which rings yet as the keynote of his life and of American inde|x>ndenee: "But. gen Heinen, as long as 1 am an American citizen, and as long as American blood runs In these veins. I shall hold myself at lllx'rty to s|x*ak, to write, to publish whatever I please on any subject, be ing amenable to the laws of my coun try for the same." On Nov. (1 the fourth press arrived and was placed in the A Theory. warehouse of Godfrey A Gilman. >i "What do you think of the escape of was successfully defended that night Miss Cisneros from that Spanish pris by a committee who tendered their ser on?” vices to Mayor John M Krum as a “I think some of our ex policemen peace guard. On Nov. 7, they were must be down there acting m Jailers.’* office, where nine clerks are employed in u small room, that led to the search w nidi resulted in the discovery of tlie sealed apartment. It is thought that some of tlie w aste pipes have sprung a leak in the room. It Is understood that this secret room is the only part of the building re tained for the Comptroller after an effort on his part several years ago to secure quarters in tlie County Court house. The difficulty, as explained to the writer by Justice Van Brunt some time ago, arose through Comptroller Andrew 11. Green insisting that lie liad the right to take possession of quarters in tlie County Court House under au thority of tlie Commissioner of Public Works, In whose charge are the mu nicipal buildings. The Comptroller was partly installed before the Justices of tlie Supreme Court got into action. He wanted the lower floor on the west side of tlie building, chiefly tlie part uow used as docket clerks' rooms. "We told him," said the Justice, "that the State bail subscribed something like $200,Otto for the building, and that the State would have something to say as to how the building was used. Mr. Green was told that he would be brought before ns for contempt if he did not vacate, uni, he vacated." The room now appears to show that the Judges were contemned just a lit tle.—New York Sun. GREAT EVEN IN DEATH. Al ask of Napoleon Sold in This Country for a Fabulous uin. The amount of attention being be stowed upon Nelson this anniversary has drawn attention to tlie other great N, Napoleon, who is being biographed in a readable way under the title "The Great Adventurer” in the English Il lustrated Magazine. A short time ago Mr. Graves of Pall Mall, London, in some manner got hold GO-WAN-GO MOHAWK. The Noted American Indian Actress Who Has Won Distinction Abroad. Go-Wan-go Mohawk, says a writer in the I'uritan, is tin American Indian woman who has recently attracted at tention on tile English stage. She is a daughter of the chief Ga-ne-qua. known to Americans as Dr. Ailed Mo hawk. She was born at Gowanda, N. Y„ on the Cattaraugus reservation, is' a descendant of the old and famous chief Red Jacket, and belongs to the Six Nations. That she should have won success in a play of her own crea tion. especially in conservative En gland, is a matter of comment even in these days of progressive women. When Miss Mohawk was last in New York, she headed a great parade of Tammany braves which occurred there some six years ago. Off the stage she Is quite as interesting as upon it. She was educated at a girls’ seminary nt Painesville. Ohio, and besides speak ing English fluently she knows sigiie- tliing of French and German. Physi cally she is remarkable. Graceful ns the deer of her own forests, she pos sesses strength which la a woman is A Load of Ants. When a vessel recently arrived in Liverpool with a cargo of logwood, everybody on board, from captain down to cook, rushed frantically ashore, as though pursued i y some unseen enemy. As a matter of fact, the vessel was lit erally swarming witli hordes of hungry Jamaica ants. The little pests had invaded the lock ers and dived headlong into the sugar barrels. After unlsiung the contents of these, they proceeded to Ixire holes through the supply of hard tack, and ate everything before them, until It was feared that the stock of provisions on board would run short. There was a cessation from t.ieir a<.ackn when the vessel was caught in a West India h tir rlenne. which flooded the cabin ant! drenched everything below. It was supposed that the intruders had all been drowned, but after the storm hail passed away they began again with re newed energy. The captain who commands the ves sel stated that there are millions of lie insects still on board. and he thought that the cargo must have come from the vicinity of ant hills for which Jamaica is t oteil. He stated that the ants were In all parts of the vessel, and that In all his experience at sea he had never Iwfore met with an attack liko the newcomers waged against him. | I ' | of a cast of the death mask of Na poleon. This extremely valuable pos session he sent at once to this coun- ■ try, where he immediately found an eager buyer at a fabulous sum. Mr. Graves did not even offer the east for sale in England, preferring to reap a harvest in tlie I’nited States, where tin. Napoleon cult has many followers. Homes for Themselves. One of the best possible facts in the latter-day progress of this country is the increase in the number of homes. In crowded centers of population, such i as New York and one or two other cities, the flat and the hotel must al ways be necessary, for space is too val uable to be monopolized by the humble. But even around the very large cities there are being built thousands and thousands of suburban cottages and country resiliences, and all through the length and breadth of the country, in the towns, villages and cities, artistic homes are increasing at an astonishing rate, if anyone will take the trouble to look up the literature on the subject he will find that in this country there nre more than a hundred papers de voted to these home-builders, giving them each week plans and suggestions. The number of books upon low-priced architecture written in the past fifteen years, exceeds the total for a century ; previous. A wider education is being spread, and the gain in every way is , enormous. A man who owns his home is a better citizen, even if there is a mortgage on it. There is a feeling of personal part- 1 nersldp in the protection of property and the preservation of public order which makes him stand for what is best in law and government. It is the best possible thing for his wife and children; best for him and best for the country. Kipling Don't Like I’s. phenomenal. She is a splendid horse woman, has won several prizes with the rifle and is a dead shot with the bow and arrow, Most remarkable of all. Miss Mohawk makes all her own gowns. Ske Is the wife of a Mr. Charles, a former officer in the United States army. AN UNKNOWN ROOM. Sealed I'p for Years in New Court House. York's A room the existence of which was known to few, if any. present oi..ce holders, was discovered last week in the County Court House. It Is the southeast corner, tinder the office of the Surrogate’s clerks. It was tightly fastened, and. It is said, has pot been opened for twelve to fifteen years. No one in the building had any control over the room or Ils contents, but on In quiry It was found that the room had been taken years ago for the deposit of records of the Comptroller’s office. The Inquiry was pursued until a key to the room was found filed away in the of fice of the Comptroller and the room was opened. The dead air inside nearly knocked over the curious men who looked in. and the door was quickly shut up again. The hasty glance taken of the Robert Iliehens. whose "Flames" pro- dueed a momentary sizzle as it dropped into tin» oeetin of fiction, has written another novel. It bears the title, "The I ¿on doners." Miss Violet Hunt’s novel, "L’nkist, Unkind!" named after a phrase from Peele, Is shortly to appear. The same is true of Mrs. Mannington Caffyu’s “Miks Becher," a social study. Janies Otis, the industrious maker of Juvenile tales of advMiture. sen»< out two historical stories for boys this sea son. They are called "Tlie Boys of Fort Schuyler" and "The Signal Boys of ’75." J. Edward Newberger of Chicago is the author of a thoughtful pamphlet on "Tlie Development and Growth of Interference by the Federal Courts in Controversies Between Master and Servant.” James Sebouler, having finished the manuscript of his "Constitutional Stud ies,” has turned ills attention to the long promised sixtli and concluding volume of his "History of «he United States,” embracing the period of the civil war. It is hoped that tills will be ready for publication next year. Ernest Daudet, with the untiring lit erary activity that distinguishes him, is at work on several books. The first to appear in all probability will be a volume dealing with the Due d’Aumaie, and consisting largely of personal rem iniscences, M. Da inlet having been on intimate terms with the late Duke. Emile Zola's “Paris,” announced as among the forthcoming publications of the current season, will not appear in book form until early in 1898. The translator lias entered Into an agree ment witli one of tlie leading London weeklies for its serial issue in Great Britain. Tlie volume will be slightly shorter than “Ixutrdes.” and will be divided Into five books, each of five chapiters. Mr. Vizetelly says: "It will probably come as a surprise to the crit ics and readers of M. Zola’s more recent works. It will be a genuine novel, witli no dissertations and no digressions. From first to last it will be brimful iff life anil action, nt tlie same time pre senting a k’.aeidoscopic picture of all classes of tile Parisian community at tlie end of tlie nineteenth century.” A friend who has recently visited S. IL Crockett at St. Andrews, says of him: "He lias two type-writing ma chines of unusual size and strength that lie liad madeespeclaliy for his own use at n cost of $5(10 each, and lie works on these nt lightning pace. But Hint is not ail—he will carry on n gen eral conversation witli a roomful of people while lie is writing out a story on the machine. Now, I have heard compositors talk while setting type, imt they were merely copying, whereas Mr. Crockett was writing out original mutter. Usually lie works alone, be ginning at about 5 o’clock in tlie morn ing. and when lie comes down to break fast at 9 lie lias 5,000 words written out. He seems to be inexhaustible and is certainly Indefatigable. He is six feet four Indies tall, weighs 280 pounds, and is as nimble as a cat.” Gen. Lew Wallace lias been silent since tlie publication of ills "Prince of India.” The announcement of u new book from his pen is. therefore, news indeed. It is called "Tlie Wooing of Malka toon: Comniodus,” and contains two poems, with illustrations by F. V. DuMond and J. K. Weguelin. "Tlie Wooing of Mnlkatoon” is a love story, tlie scene of which is in the Orient. Tlie hero, a chivalrous youth, while on the chase. meets his fate. Acting under conditions imposed by the maid’s fath er. lie goes forth into the world to do and dare that which will secure him her hand. “Commodus” is a play founded upon a dramatic Incident in the time of Rome's greatest power and glory. Maternns. a slave who had lib erated himself, gathered about him a band of freebooters that finally reached Rome, Maternus being slain after a vain attempt to kill the Emperor and capture the throne. Chrysanthemums. Perfection of chrystanthemum cul Rudyard Kipling doesn't like the i>eo- , pie of the I’nited States, which dislike ture is to have them retain their leaves healthy as long as possible. If the is a piece of ingratitude, because the people of the I’nited States like the plants lose their leaves early the bloom writings of Rudyard Kipling. In a re will be small. Sometimes the lighter cent letter to a Newfoundlander the leaves are attacked by a parasite fun distinguished author says that "there gus which causes them to drop off Is no question of the loyalty to the early. On the first appearance of the British empire of ail white men speak pasasite the leaves should lie syringed ing tlie English tongue, with a high with copper sulphate solution. Some birtli rate and a low murder rate, living times these attacks are encouraged by quietly under laws which are neither allowing the leaves to become weak for want of good food, for, although it Ixmglit nor sold." Mr. Kipling makes his charges is not Impossible for fungus parasite against Americans through the process to attack healthy vegetation, it Is also of negntion: but they nre sufficiently true that they attach themselves more explicit even in that form to prevent readily when the plant is weak. Man any chance of misunderstanding. What ure water, or a surface dressing of have we ever done to Rudyard to pro manure, is the precaution to be taken voke such bitter animosity? We hnve against this result. Again, leaves are expressed great admiration for his lit frequently weakened by allowing the erary genius, and have bought thou plants to become too dry. Careful sands njxtn thousands of copies of his cultivators can easily guard against Ixxiks. Wliat more can we do to secure this. On the other hand, stagnant wa a cessation of his hostility? Shall all ter in the earth is also injurious. This kotowing ix’fore hint go for naught. means that, to have healthy plants, the pots or boxes in which they nre grown But It Wasn't Funny. should be so arranged that the water Raggs Some of those biblical charac can pass readily away.—Meehan’s ters must have been rather comical. Monthly. Jaggs AYhy do you think so? Raggs Well, there was Job. for in Costly False Teeth. stance: he fairly boiled over with hu A Madras dentist, it Is announced, re mor. ceived a sum of £700 for supplying Ills Highness the Nizam of Hyderabad Ata Distance. Helen Kittle claims to be a follower with a row of false teeth. of the fashions. Mattle—Well, perhaps she is, but she . Some women go visiting on mighty is a long wiy behind them. slight provocation.