h * Xz Entered at the P«rti.b <>i rh.- \\ < ■. ( b.»th m Politic* and literature. eord with the p peon Ph‘a; e rvuu inber that of Tl Tbr Wcrklv Inter Ocean is ONLY ONE DOLLAR PER theoutset that the natural conditions that the price uf YEAR. Addrew those of population also in Eng­ THE INTER OCEAN, Chicago. and land and the United States are whol­ The Weekly Inter Ocean and Yamhill County Reporter both One ly different. Year for $1.25. “At the time of the free trade movement, England had been living and had built up her industries and her merchant marine under a system of high protection, which Lad en­ •I dured for centuries. All the indus­ tries practically which she could QUINCY, MASS., hope for were firmly established,and Wholesale and Bétail Dealers In the skilled labor necessary to carry them on bad been developed. We on —McMinnville, Oregon.— the other band have had protection of a varying kind and with some long Paid up Capital, $.10.000 intervals of low tariff for less than a Transacts a General Banking Business. century. Many of our industries are not yet firmly established, nor President, - - >/. II WHITX. the necessary labor for them fully fice President, - LEE Lin/HM.V. Cashier, - E. .17i’NO.\ developed, and many others to the Jjf. GisAiVr - • H >' 1 IS K flourisiiing existence of which there AND ALL KINDS OF are no natural obstacles do not exist at all. England invented the steam Board of Directors: CEMETERY engine, and in 1840 had carried the J. W. COWLES, LEE LAUGHLIN. A. J. APPEK8ON. wm CAMPBELL, FURNISHINGS application of steam power to in­ J. L. ROGERS. dustrial production far beyond the point reached at that time by any Sell Sight Exchange and Telegraphic Trans other nation. This lead in the appli­ fers on New York, san Fnui«i.s>'<> ami Portland All work fully guaranteed to give perfect satis ­ Deposits received subject to check. Interest paid ti.ci. Reti-rs by permission to Wm. McCbrts- cation of steam power gave her an on Time Deposits Loans money on approved fa. enormous advantage in cheapness of security. Collections made on all »iccsslbh man, Mrs. L. E. Bewley, Mrs. E. D. Fellows. Holl's Old Jewelry Stand, 3d Street. production, and put her far beyond points the reach of competition. We today J. F GALBREATH. K. «. «0VCM1R i have no such advantage, for the ap­ of steam power to indus- JOHN F. DERBY, i plication Calbreath & Goucher. trial production is at the equal com­ mand of all the great civilized na­ Proprietor of The McMinnville PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS. tions. M c M innth . i.r - O bbqof “The most important difference, however, still remains to be collid­ (Oifice over Knly’a bank.) ed. England today and fifty years ago was unable to feed herself. She MeMINNVILUE situated at the Southwest corner of the Fair was obliged ?d to import food pi products Grounds. her people. At the same ? or starve All sizes of first-class Drain Tile kept constantly time she had corn laws, which levied >n Land at lowed living pi ices. a heavy tax on the great food sta­ 'This tax benefited only the OREGON ples. McMINNVILI.E. landowners of England, a small and COULTER olitic. There is no magic iu ment. The English manufacturer I theirs, and which we have extended sacrifice our home market, but sac­ I could be constructed. This would We leave to the free trader tint raised wages by repealing the corn i to our domestic industries and to I rifice it for a system that increases mean a revolution in the value of all it. privilege of claiming that he has a laws, and thus cheapening the food i our coastwise trade. exports less than protection. the machinery of industry and trans­ panacea for all human ills in a pat­ supply. The manufacturer raised “We have protected the ship I portation and would involve a vast I ent tariff policy. We uphold a sys­ HOME MARKET CONSUMPTION. his wages at the expense of the Eng­ i builder but not the shipowner, and liquidation and gigantic losses, com-! tem of tariff protection because we lish landowner. ' an incomplete system can not do I “And what a vast sacrifice the ing as this change would come, with 1 believe it is one important method of “Thus it was that the manufac­ otherwise that fail. We Lave re­ home market would be. Our own such a sudden shock. The loss to defending the standards of living in turers of England, with practical fused protection to our commerce at market is the best in the world, be­ business and capital of such a rapid the United States from a fatal and unanimity, petitioned parliament for the precise point where England has cause we are the richest people, with change would be incalculable, and degrading competition. the removal of all protective duties. bestowed it with lavish hand. Now i lie largest purchasing power. If the further loss to labor which this "We believe in maintaining, de­ These English manufacturers did I we are asked to give up the system the statistics of Mulhall are correct, destruction to capital would cause fending and uplifting the standards not take these steps because they under which our industries and our 7(1,000,000 equal in consumption would be more incalculable still. of living of the American people, thought that a scientific truth coastwise trade have flourished, and 700,000,000, or half the population of “The wealth of a country is in because upon those standards rests ought to prevail, but because they replace it by that under which our the world outside our boundaries. production and the strength of a our civilization and the onward believed it to be for their own best foreign carrying trade has been ru- This great home market is now our country is in its producers. It is march of our race. Men have strug­ interests in the direction of a money i ined own The free trader proposes to worse than idle to talk about consu­ gled up from the darkness which profit. Their opinion deserved to abandon it and throw it open to oth­ mers as if they were a vast propor­ shrouds their beginnings by slow MARKETS GF THE WORLD. be and was regarded by parliament er nations from whom he asks noth- tion of the population who ought strenuous endeavor. They have Contrast their attitude with that of “When a free trader is asked what > ing iu return, and merely promises alone to be considered. The mere and fought their way to the light through our own manufacturers today. Our our immediate advantage is to be that we Ehall have a chance to com­ consumers constitute uot only an in­ many defeats and with much sore la­ manufacturers, with practical unani­ from the adoption of this policy he pete on equal terms for the markets significant but wholly unimportant bor. They have not done it by any mity. favor protection and are op­ glibly replies, ‘The markets of the j which we are already getting uuder fraction of the community. Every­ doctrine of 'laistes faire’ or ‘let alone," posed to free trade, and their opin­ world.’ and feels,after the manner of reciprocity in the West Indies and in body is a consumer and at the same but by united and unresting effort. ion ought to bo regarded by us as of his school, that the whole matter is ' South America. As a business prop­ time a producer, or dependent upon i The same force which has created great importance in the wisest busi­ settled by a well sounding phrase. osition no madder scheme was ever production for his support The | great nations has created civilization, ness settlement of this question. Unfortunately we cannot stop there. proposed and no more insane policy first object of our policy, therefore, and great nations are the denial of The reply to this always is that our We must go further and have some­ was ever urged upon an intelligent should be to do what is best for the the let alone theory. Laistes faire,' manufacturers sustain protection thing more satisfying than a glitter­ j people. Wc are gravely asked to i producer, because production means supply and demand, one begins to be because they are selfish and make ing generality, the favorite hiding ■ give up the American market, the i both wealth and wages, and con­ weary of all that. Leave all to ego­ The ‘markets of , most valuable material possession on sumption depends upon the capacity ism, ravenous greed of money, of money bv it. It is undoubtedly i place of delusions true that the manufacturer sus­ j the world’ sound delightful, but the face of the earth, and we are not for production. If, in a search for pleasure, of applause. It is the gos­ tains protection because he hopes to , what markets? At this point the even offered a definite price. We are other markets, we give up our own. pel of despair. | free trader gives out, and yet it is ! : promised nothing but the vague re­ we lose more than we gain, and in­ make money. ■> | the very essence of the whole ques- sult of a doubtful theory, and if Eng stead of widening we narrow the LABOR DEPENDENT ON CAPITAL. lish experience may be trusted, a circulation of our products and “That is the object of business, ! tioii. “Let us run over briefly these i consequent diminution of exports. and the number of persons who are thereby diminish their value and in business with any other purpose markets of the world and see just i “This is literally all that free trade limit production. is, I think, extremely small. If, how­ what they are. To Europe we now offers to the people of the United “Our first object should be to hold ever, the American manufacturer sell cotton and wheat and a few States in the direction of a wider cir- our own market, because it is the In time to any irregularity uf the great staples. England takes what ' culation for our products. They have, does not make money it is quite cer­ largest and best, and that being Stomach, Liver, or Bowels may tain that he will not employ labor, she must and no more, and the same however, on the domestic side anoth­ done and our own market securely prevent serious and, therefore, the workingmen will is true of the continent. No change er promise They tell us that if we guarded, our next object should be consequences. not make money either Our manu­ of tariff policy would enlarge our i ■ throw our market open to the world to increase our outside markets by Indigestion, i European market for breadstuffs or we shall be able to buy cheaper, or, an}' possible device. By means of facturers believe that under free headache, nau­ Our great and fa- , in other words, that our purchasing invention and protection we have trade they must either go out of i food products sea, bilious- I miliar exports, or staples, are in re- power will be increased. This as business or reduce labor costs. been enabled thus far to maintain \ ness, and ver- They naturally do not care to do the i ality declining seriously owing to the ; | sumes that rates of wages will re­ high rates of wages in the United ytigo indicate competition of India, Egypt and the main unchanged, for you cannot en­ States, while lowering the price of former, for that is ruin, and they are ' certain f u n c - Slavonic countries in the markets of large a purchasing power by cheap- very unwilling to try the latter, be­ the necessaries or comforts of life tional derange­ Europe, which in the past we have ■ ening the thing purchased if you di ­ cause reducing labor costs means and raising the standard of living. ments, the best lowering wages, which means iu practically controlled. This situa­ minish the original purchasing power If we abandon protection we shall remedy for turn vast industrial disturbances, tion cannot be affected by free Irade j from other causes in an equal or probably in many directions increase which is Ayer’s and that is ruin, too, or something or protection, because the markets greater ratio. prices by withdrawing American “To put it a little more plainly, if competition from the competition of Pills. vegetable, sugar- very near it. How widely different from which we are being driven are is our situation today from that of not our own. Barter does not enter , a man earns i2 a day. and by cheap- the world and thereby raising the coated, easy to take aud quick to England fifty years ago, so far as the into it, for we do not take bread- 1 i ening what lie buys you enable him world’s price. In any event we shall assimilate, this is the ideal family manufacturers are concerned. Most stuffs from any one. We are simply : to get for $1 what now costs him lower wages. Protection does not medicine—the most popular, sale, striking of all these differences, being pushed out of foreign markets ¿1.50, you have increased his purch­ make high wages, but it helps to aud useful aperient in pharmacy. moreover, is the fact that while the for breadstuffs by the competition of asing power; but if while you cheap­ prevent their reduction. We have Airs. M. A. B rockwell , Harris, English parliament listened to Eng­ a labor so cheap that we canuot en the article purchased you lower liigh wages in the United States, Tenn., says: hir. wages from ¿2 to $1 a day, the and our labor costs are consequently lish manufacturers a majority of the meet it. *' Ayer’s Cathartic Pills cured me or sick “It is apparent that we cannot net result is a diminution of his pur­ high. So far as natural resources headache American congress not only turns a aud tny husband ot neuralgia We chasing power, and consequent pri- . even hold our foreign market for deaf ear to American manufacturers, go, we are more richly endowed by I think there is but treats them as if they were ene­ breadstuffs, much less enlarge it; vation. It is too often forgotten that nature than any other country in the No Better Medicine, and it is also true that, with the ex­ two things go to make up purchasing ' world. It is only when we take from mies of their country. “We find that England does not ception of pork and other meat pro­ power. One is the amount earned;. the earth its manifold gifts and touch and tiave induced many to use it.” Thirty-five years ago this Spring, I was hesitate to apply protection where ducts, there is practically no market the other is the cost of the thing them with the hands of labor that run down by hard work and a succession of she thinks it profitable. She gives in Europe or in England, so far as purchased. The first is the more im- i they become higher priced than else­ colds, which made me so feeble Urat it sis vast subsidies, which are protective we are concerned, for anything else. portant aud is generally neglected by where. The entire difference between an effort for me to walk. 1 consulted the the free traders. Yet purchasing They are all industrial or manufac ­ bounties, to her shipping. She has our pricesand those of Europe, when doctors, but kept siuking lower until I had just imposed import duties in India, turing countries with large surplus power really rests on the power to I such difference exists, really lies in given up ail hope of ever being better. but she has excepted cotton goods production, and all except Great earn—that is, upon production. If the labor costs. Happening to be iu a store, one day, where and yarns, nearly half the imports, Britain have protective tariffs. Aus­ we do not produce we do not earn, medicines were sold, the proprietor noticed THE DISTRESS OF TO-DAY. my weak and sickly appearance, aud alter thus’giving a protective discrimina­ tralia is protected and so is Canada. and if we do not earn it is of very little i “Protection is one feature of a a few questions as to my health, recom­ tion in those vast possessions in fa­ There remain, then, the countries of consequence Vhether the things we vor of the Lancashire mills, proving ! the east and of South America, val- desire to purchase are cheap or dear. ' great policy of self - preservation mended me to try Ayer's Pills. I had little i which wnten I 1 believ Deiieve to be essential to the faith in these or auy other medicine, but in this way that her eagerness to i uable markets, I have no doubt, but THE FREE TRADER S ARGUMENT. at last, to take his advice and tr y future of this republic. To abandon concluded, have other nations adopt free trade 1 of limited purchasing power, and, as box. Before I had used them all, 1 was The progosition of the free trader i it is to enter on changes which will a very is simply that she may have markets ' Mr. Reed said in the house, “with much better, aud two boxes cured iue. that are now closed to her. We three generations of Englishmen, that, by the removal of duties, we go to the very bottom of our social 1 atn now so years old; but I believe that shall he enabled to buy cheaper, in- j i Frenchmen and Germans camped in I and political fabric Look at this it it had not been for Ayer'. Pills. 1 should have found also that wages have been declining in England under : possession of every avenue of trade.” volves of necessity increased impor­ . country since the threat of free trade have been in my grave long ago. 1 buy 6 free trade during a period of twenty The markets, of the world, therefore, tations and a corresponding decrease has hung closely over it. Look at boxes every year, which make 210 boxes up years. By the tables of exports we | come down to this, that under free either in the amount or the prices of the miseries and losses and wage re- to this time, and I would no more be with­ learn that exports increase faster trade we are to have an opportunity, the home product. If we increase | ductions of the past year. If this is out them than without bread.” —H. II. • under American protection than un­ according to the free trader, a better importations, just so far do we re­ the result of the menace, what will Ingraham, Rockland, Me. opportunity than at present, for place American products with those der British free trade. the reality be? AYER’S PILLS “We see from other statistics that struggling with England, France of foreigners and just so far do we “The reduction of wages thus far Prepared by Dr. J. C. Ayer & Co., Lowell, she has 23 paupers to every 1,000 and Germany for entrance into the proportionately narrow the opportu­ made is trifling to what will come if against li in the United States. | eastern and South American mark­ nities for American labor Here, of this bill becomes law and men seek Every Dose Effective » We know that the stream of emigra­ ets; that is, of competing with cer­ course, the free trader is ready with i to adjust themselves to the new con- tion flows from England to the tain limited! foreign markets against i an answer. ‘You forget,’ he says, I ditions. Such a lowering of wages W. J. CLARK,D.D.S United States; we know in one word nations whose labor costs and stand­ the great principle of barter -U wc is not to be contemplated i plated withou. without that wages are better here, the ards of living are lower than our buy foreign goods, where we former­ ’ the deepest alarm. The country is Graduate (.'Diversity ot Mich. standard of living higher and the own. This does not seem a very ly bought American goods, we pay agitated and frightened as at no opportunities of life larger than in magnificent opportunity, even as I j lor them with other products, and so previous time. There is darkness Has opened an office in Union Block. Room 6, England. All this we are asked to have stated it, and yet I have made of course, the sum of production re­ before and danger’s voice behind.’ ! and Is prepared to do all work in the dental line, abandon in order to try the free no reference to the price which free mains the same.’ Having thus com­ While we debate rates of ddties, the trade system, which the British col­ trade proposes to make us pay for pleted his phrase, he stops just as he ' ■ threat of this bill is really breaking onies have thrown aside, and about this privilege, although the price does with ’the markets of the world.’ down an important part of a broad 1 CROWN AND BRID&E WORK A SPECIALTY, the merit of which England herself must be considered before the case But we cannot stop there. 1 general policy on which we must re-I is complete. “We must look further. What are > I ly unless we are prepared to meet' LATter M ethod or P aihless E mtbactio *. is hesitating today. Highest of all in Leavening Power.—Latest U. S. Gov’t Report. Attention A