SEMI-WEEKLY
WEST SIDE
soluteh
VOL. I.
M’MINNVILLE, OREGON, SEPTEMBER 28, 1886
EST SIDE'TELEPHONE, i
---- Issued—
1 chemists
VERY TUESDAY AND FRIDAY
ngth, aad
Garrison’s Building. McMinnville. Oregon,
—IX—
y baking
—BY —
Palmajje &• Turner,
tely pure,
Fublishera and Proprietor«.
y the use
nebulous philosophy .
She came from Concord's classic shades, on
Reason's throne she sut.
And wove intricate arguments to prove, In
language pat.
The Whichness of the Wherefore, and the
Thusness of the That.
She scorned Ignoble subjects—each grovel
ing household care—
But turned her loity soul to prove the Airi
ness of Air,
And twisted skeins of logic ’round the What
ncss of the Where.
Powder,
To lower natures leaving the dollars, and the
SUBSCRIPTION RATES:
sense,
pr
..........................................................
She soared above the level of commonplace
U inunlhs........................................................ * -■>
pretense.
krec months...................................................
75 And moulded treatises which prove the That-
ness of the Thence.
itered in the Poatofflce at McMinnville, Or.,
a» aecond-class matter.
Her glorious purpose to reveal the Think
rules^ of Thought,
To trace each line t»y Somewhat on the Some
how s surface wrought.
v. V. JOHNSON, M. D. To picture forms of Whynot's from the
whatuot's meaning caught;
Northwest corner of Second and B streets,
11 other
(MINNVILLE
perfectly
has been
clusively
To cultivate our spirits with the Whyfore’s
classic flow.
To benefit the Thereness with the Highness
of the How,
fay be found at his office when not absent on pro
To hood the dark with radiance from the
fanai business.
Thisness of the Now.
he U. &
...
OREGON,
LITTLEFIELD & CALBREATH,
tuples of
bysicians
absolute
and Surgeons,
m < minnville and
follows:
L afayette ,
or .
F Calbreath, M. D.. office over Yamhill County
ik McMinnville*. Oiegon.
[ R Littlefield, M. D., office on Main street,
¡iyette, Oregon.
ured by
i Royal
S. A. YOUNG, M. D.
air bak-
Physician and SurgeOn,
ae from
IINNVILLE
-
-
ice anti residence on D street.
reretl day or night.
it have
-
OREGON,
All calls promptly
DR. G. F. TUCKER,
hful, oi
DENTIST,
eterious
•h.D.,
Mure.”
IINNVILLE
-
-
Ice Two
east
of Bingham’s furniture
doors
-
“What good has she accomplished?” O,
never doubt her thus!
It mutd be useful to reveal the Plusness of
the Plus,
To illustrate with corkscrew words the
Whichness of the Us.
.Mock not, poor common mortal, when
thoughts like these appear,
{ruminating our labor with the Howness of
the Here,
And blazing like a comet through the Now-
ness of the Near.
Some day in Realms Eternal such grand
mist-haunted souls
Inscribe their words of Whichuess on Where
fore antic scroll.
In that great world of Muchness which
through the May be rolls.
Then shall we each acknowledge the Why-
ncss of the Whonce—
Each unnorstand completely with Sensefui-
ness of Sense—
The Thusness of the Therefore, the Thatness
of the Thence.
—1. Edgar Jones, in Chicago Current.
OREGON.
FORESTS OF STONE.
ugliing gas administered for painless extraction.
CHAS. W. TALMAGE,
I Estate and Insurance Agent,
Conveyancing and Abstracts a Specialty.
.ECTING ATTENDED TO
PROMPTLY!
Office Manning Building, Third street.
Leading Hotel of McMinnville.
HOTOGRAPHER
Salary M
ny 8t.IT
1C. LI
>SL
ilOfl
jrt,
reel*
¡ry, Feed and Sale Stables,
If
it
RPIIANS’ HOME”
*
c
(*
a
•Ç
»
Í
Probing for Logs Beneath the Sur
face in New Jorsey.
Trying to Chop a Tree of Rock—Trunks,
Boughs and Leaves Turned to Stone
—A Description of Some of
Nature*« Wonders.
“If you want to see sometlfng
curious,” said a friend who was a mem
ber of a Government survey, "go down
w th nie to Woodbine.” Four miles be
yond Woodbine, out on the sandy
1 anil *2 House. Single meals 25 cents.
Sample Rooms for Commercial Men stretch of old sea bottom or beach that
is termed the Cape May Peninsula, we
F. MULTNER. Prop.
come upon Dennisville. where all the
Dennises of all time had evidently
settled. A local Dennis said lAere were
AV. V. 1’lLKJli:,
twenty-five hundred of them and n ne-
tcuths were evidently children. They
lived in scattered shanties or houses on
a long narrow street, on each side of
Up Stairs in Adams’ Building,
which malaria stalks abroad from the
IINNVILLE
-
•
•
OREGON
great swamps that constitute their
boundary. The latter, however, that
are perhaps over twelve square miles in
! M’MINNVILLE BATHS!
Ing bought out A (’ Windham, I aift prepared to extent, are the means of providing a
do all work in first-class style.
living to nearly all the inhabitants of
Dennisville, though the nature of ther
les’ and Childrens’ Work a Specialty! occupation
would never be suspected
Hot and Cold Baths always ready for 25 cents.
r K H Y M A X AM A RTIMT. from external observation.
"We’re all in the loggin’ business,”
C. H. Fleming,
said a tall, thin Dennis, yet as far as I
Third street, n»ar<’. McMinnville. Oregon.
the eve could reach not a tree could be
seen standing that would make even
JLi. IL O O T,
the ghost of a fair log. “They ain't
—DEALER IN—
the
man.
a-growin’," continued
"They're underground, We dig for
oceries, Provisions.
them, or spear them, as you might say.
Here's the tool.” and stepping into a
Crockery and Glassware. low hut he brought out a crowbar that,
like everything else, seemed attenuated
ill goods delivered in the city.
and was stretched out into a long,
slender-pointed rod. "We
••We wade alonoe
along/'
continued the man, "and probe with
JSTER POST BAND, this feeler, and when we strike a log
we feel around, and if it’s a good one
The Best in the State.
we dig her up. and if it ain’t we let her
»pared to furnish music for all occasions at reason soak: that’s about the way of it.”
able rates. Address
"So down in Jersey you burrow for
logs?”
. .T. ROWLAND, your
"That's about it,” replied the man.
Business Manager, McMinnville.
“You know we’re obliged to be a whit
odd or so: we've got the name of it.
on nvhow.”
‘•The secret of this business,” said
M’MINNVILLE
my friend, the geologist, “is that ages
ago all this area was covered with a
line growth of large trees, and the same
are found growing in some parts of the
swamp yet. but they have died out ahd
Comer Third and D street«, McMinnville
fallen down and sunk into the soft mud.
and so been covered up by mould and
AN BROS. & HENDERSON, mud. until many other layers have
grown over them; but in some remark
Proprietors.
able way the wood is preserved and
these sunken ancient logs are just as
ie Best Rigs in the City. Orders good for shingles and other articles as
they were when alive: hence, for many
aptly Attended to Day or Night,
i ears there has been » steady hunt for
them, and Dennisville is a result of the
ndustry. To the botanist the tree is
the evergreen white cypress or
cvpressus thyoides sempervirens, and
the numbers that once grew over this
swamp and that have been entombed
BILLIARD HALL.
are beyond conception. The trees
upon or near the surface are the only
i Strictly Troipcranca Resort.
• mes available, and fortunately are th •
best, but far below there are probablv
goodtf) Church members to the contrary not
invriads of others turned to stone and
withstanding.
representing the past geological ages
. f the earth. The logs were worked
out by the men who are nicknamed
•Swampoodles.' and who live in the
>rplinns’ Home” m
dst of the malarious district all their
lives. When a log is found a ditch is
TONSORIAL PARLORS,
made about it. into which the water
-own flows. A great saw is then applied
bly «nt clam, and the only parlor like shop In the and the roots removed, and as a rule
city. None but
'.lie log will rise to the surface and can
. e cut up and carried off. though in
)t-rlaan
Workmen
Employed.
many localities the sh ngles are made
right on the spot and dragged over tin-
.»th of V ambili County Bank Bulldinf.
swamp on roads in many cases made of
M< MINXVILIE, OREGON
oughs and twigs. This curious busi-
ST. CHARLES HOTEL
MAN
TELEPHONE
H. H. WELCH.
»oss is not confined to Now Jersey, but
»ver iu Delaware and Maryland there
are similar swamps, where the shingle
business has been carried on for years.
One of the swamps iu Delaware extends
over twenty-five square miles, and
hardly a house in Sussex County but
w hat is shingled with the ancient de
posit.”
"I tell ye.” said an old farmer from
this region, “that we’re a-livin’ on a ctt
rious kind o’ crust round here. Inpi’nt
of fact, my farm might be said to be
perched on a reg'lar wood-pile; there
ain’t no end to it. I built a foundation
to a barn some years ago down in Del
aware on the swamp lot, and the furth
er down I dug the more logs I came ou
to. and I reckon way down it’s clean,
solid wood, and when a fire breaks out
in the swamp you want to keep your
eyes peeled, now I’m a-talkin’. How
go? Well, I’ll jest give you a little of
my experience. When 1 first married
my old woman I bought a patch right
on the edge of the swamp, and tho land
ran right into it about half a mile.
That summerit was monstrous dry. and
after awhile the fires began to break out,
and afore we knew it it had crept up to
within a thousand feet of the house.
But we got at it with brush, and, as we
thought, pul it out, and did; but that
night I was awoke by hearin’ a crash so
loud that you’d a-tbought the hull house
had gone down, and when I got out
there was a blazing fire right overby my
fodder house. I got there in about two
minutes, and I tell ye I was seared.
There wasn’t hide nor hair of the house,
but a deep yawnin' hole about fifty feet
across, and the Lord knows how deep,
and burning red hot. justlikeavolcanv.
I tell ye I got my folks out of that dig
gin’s for a while now. Fortunately it
came on to rain the next day and soaked
it out. and I ain’t a drawin' the long
bow when I tell you that that hull ken
try had been tunneled by the tire. You
see. it had crept along under ground for
nigh a thousand feet, eating away the
wood, and finally when it got under
the tedder, the weight of the
stuff broke the crust in and down it
went into a reg’lar pit of fire. I tell
you it was an unsartin place to live on and
I was thankful enough that it didn't get
under the house.
We’d never have
known what hurt us; we’d just melted
down quick. Yes, there's heaps oi
places in the swamp district that’?
eaten out jest the same way. The tire
will run along for miles, sometimes
and then crop out where it’s least ex
pected. I knew of one case where a
party of shinglers left their hut one
morning and when they came back it
was gone and a fourth of an acre with
it. If it had happened twelve hours
later they’d have gone in. In the Dela
ware swamp you will find heaps of such
places and green hands when they gc
down there always think there has been
a volcany, and so there has. after a
fashion.”
“The subject
of
underground
forests,” said my geological companion,
on our way back, "is an interesting
one, and in the west there are some
strange sights to be seen. I rentembei
especially one local tv about the head
waters of the Lithodendron River; there
are thousands of trees lying about, as il
some hurricane had swept over the spot
and leveled them to the ground, but in
every case the tree has turned to stone
and the trunks now weigh tons where
they formerly could be tossed about by
tho wind. A miner that I met told me
that in one locality that he had visited
the trees were standing, and they came
to camp there. At first they did not
notice it. as it was late in the fall, when
all the leaves were off' the trees, but he
sent a darkey out to chop some wood,
and as the fellow struck a tree the axe
glanced off and streams of fiery sparks
new off in such numbers that he was
frightened half to death, and came
rushing into camp shouting that the
place was haunted. He finally went out
again, but was terrified bv finding that
even the twigs that he picked up on the
ground were as heavy as lead; they had
all turned into stone, lie described the
place as a weird one, the great trunks
standing around here and there like
monuments, some of them being fifty or
sixty feet high. Tho two most famous
localities are at Fort Wingate, New
Mexico, and the Lithodendron. about
twenty miles from the Navajo Springs.
Arizona. From these localities a fino
collection has been taken for the
National Museum at Washington.
“A detail was sent out under the
charge of Lieutenant J. T. C. Hegewald.
of the Fifteenth Infantry, and they
secured some magnificent specimens
The Navajoes that were tending their
sheep in the vicinity believed the fallen
trunks to represent the bones of former
giants that their ancestors had killed,
and could not understand why the
•Great Father' at Washington should
want them. In th's place they actually
covered the ground in some spots, the
trunks often being of great size. All
through the valley of the Lithodendron
they are found, thousands of tons lying
scattered along the slopes. The ma
jority were in pieces of twenty or ten
feet long, so broken by changes of heal
and cola. Other trunks were intact,
one measured by the Lieutenant was
two hundred feet iu length and nearly
five feet in d ameter, the cores often
containing wonderful specimens of
quartz. The specimens were hauled to
S -.ua Fe. N. M., and there shipped East
by rail; but in a year or go not a speci
men will be found, as a company has
organized to secure them. as. when cut
and polished, they make fine table tops
It is said that a house in Washington
is to have pillars at the door made of
two of these giants of a former age.
that, when pol shed, showing the rich
coloring will make something entirely
new in the way of decoration.
“Last summer.” continued the geol-
o? st. “I took a run up the valley of
the east fork of the Y eflowstone. There
is a country for you, aud, fortunately,
in the National Park and to be saved
from destruction. In going up the
valley you have the beautiful Yellow
stone Mountains to the north andtothe
south the famous Amethyst Mountain,
that for its fossil or stone forests is ex
tremely remarkable. Directly opposite
the valley of the Soda Butte Creek rises
the mountain, with an exposed strata at
least two thousand feet high. The
summit is about nine thousand feet up.
As you follow up the trail you will al
once bestruck with the cur.ous surface
of the mounta n.and there in one section
you can count distinctly at least twenty-
live forest levels formed in this way.
The first forest, perhaps a million years
ago, grew and died down: so 1 accumu
lated and then another forest grew on
that, unt 1 finally the twenty-five have
grown. In the meantime strata to the
depth of two thousand feet has been de
posited—that is. the distance from the
present trees growing on top to the first
one below is two thousand feet. You
can count up to suit yourself
how many sears it took to accomplish
this. For the first four hundred
foet the display is not very striking, as
the trunks are partially covered, but as
your eye rises you are presented with a
geological illustration that is a marvel.
At 500 feet from the bottom the levels
are as distinctly marked as if they had
been m ide by hand, every trunk and
the roots stand ng out in bold relief—
the bas-reliefs of nature. Many are
thrown out and prostrate, from fifty to
dxty feet in length and from five to six
feet in diameter. In cases where the
roots are seen penetrating the solid
rock the sight is an impressive one.
showing how many years it must have
taken to accomplish such results. Some
of ths trees imbedded are over twelve
feet in diameter and. as only the top
show, they must have rivaled the grea
sequoias of California. One remark
able feature is that the bark texture of
the wood, grain, etc., are all as distinct
and well pre erved as if they had been
taken from 1 ving trees.
“The trees, however, are not con fers:
the solid rock about them shows this.
Once covered with a soft green matting
of grass, it received the falling leaves
and seeds, and now they are found just
as perfect as in life, o-
turned to
stone. From these the botanist is en
abled to determine what they were and
how long ago they lived upon the earth.
Lesquereux made the first examination,
and pronounced them as belonging to
the lowor pliocene or upper m'oeene
time of geology. They include such
species as aralia. magnolia, laurus, tilia
frax.uus. corn us. pteris, al nils, ferns,
etc. All around this locality the same
old remains of forests could be found,
and the fine collections of quartz and
calcite that were spread about undoubt
edly were all formed in the trunks of
trees. On the opposite side of the river
the same condition of things was
noticed, and the trunks here were,
if anything still larger and more
certainly higher up, as the range wa>
by actual measurement over eleven
thousand feet high and contained the
stony trees to the very summit. Tlieie
forests are found in various parts of the
world. In Heard Island there io a cave
that contains a number of extremely
large trees, and in most all coal mines
large trunks are found that date back
millions and millions of years. In some
mines terrible accidents often occur
from the presence of these great trunks
as when the bottom of the trunk is cut
off down shoots the stony tree upon the
miner without warning. Iu some
rnines where the trees are solid they
are left to support the ceiling. I have
seen a tree taken from a mine at New
castle (the Jarrow mine) that was forty
feet in length and thirteen feet in
diameter. It was worked out of the
coal as carefully as possible, but it
could not be all removed as the trunk
divided at the summit into over twenty
large branches, The name of this coal
giant was Lepidodendron Sternbergii.
Some of the ferns of this time were
gigantic, and in the Philadelphia
Academy of Sciences there is a line
collection, showing
_ many specimens
, ~r the world.
from all over
world. — Philadelphia
Dimes.
Composing Under Difficulties.
In October, 1787. after his return to
Vienna. Mozart produced his greatest
opera, “Don Giovanni.” As late as the
night before the performance the over
ture had not been copied. Mozart
wrote on until late into the night, and
his wife could only keep him awake by
telling him the old fairy tales, such as
he loved when a child; at times he
would break from laughter to tears, un
til, growing more and more weary, he
fell asleep. At seven the next morning,
he aro«e and finished the score, the ink
in some part, being scarcely dry when
the copies were placed on the musicians'
desks. The musicians had to nlav the
overture at sight but its beauties
aroused the greatest enthusiasm both in
the players and the audience. Mozart
superintended all the rehearsals, and
in-plred the singers with his own idea-
ana feeling, lie taught the hero to
dance a minuet and when one of the sing
ers failed to conquer his score. Mozart
altered it on the spot At last the
Emperor bestowed a court position on
Mozart, but the salarv was so meager
it was less than $500—that it was of
little help to him. while his duty, to
compose dance music for the court, was
humiliating.
Well could he reply,
wheu asked his income by the tax-
gatherer. “Too much for what Ido;” too
little for what I could do.”— Agatha
Tunis, in 81. Nicholas.
NO. 31
BUILDING MATERIALS.
The Comparative Coat of Frame, Brick
and Kubble Stone Walla.
The first idea that naturally suggests
itself, after the general plan of arrange
ment has been perfected, is what ma
terial shall mainly enter into the con
struction of a building, brick, stone or
wood. In nearly every portion of the
Eastern, Middle and Western States,
these three building materials can
readily be had, and the cost of pro
duction does not vary much in any
locality. Assuming, therefore, that the
first cost is the same in the above locali
ties, we may easily arrive at the ulti
mate cost of construction. For the
purpose of this article we may assume
the cost of good common bri.k, during
the summer to be $8.00 per thousand;
cost of labor and mortar to lay the
same in the wall, $4.00 per thousand,
wall measure. The oost iff good quarry
stone, assumed at $10 per cord; the
cost of labor and mortar to lay the
same in the wall. $8 per cord of one
hundred feet. The cost of fram
ing lumber $12.00 per thousand feet;
labor and nails to put the same
up $6.00 per thousand. With these
prices as a basis it is a matter of 'com
putation only to arrive at the propor
tionate cost of each material after it
has been worked into the walls. As an
example, suppose we have ten feet
square of plain wal to build, what will
be the comparative cost? Ten feet
square equals one hundred superficial
feet. If to be built of brick twelve
inches thick, estimating 22| brick to
the superficial foot, would take 2,250
brick; cost in wall per thousand,
$12.00, equals $27.00.
To lay a good rubble stone wall, it
should be 18 inches thick; therefore,
10 feet square, or 100 superficial feet
of stone wall 18 inches thick, at $18
f er cord of 100 feet, would cost $27. (X).
n estimating a frame or studded wall
there should be included first, the stud
ding, say, 2x8, 12 inch centers; second,
the outside sheathing of 1 inch sur
faced boards; third, the siding of clear
pine. For this example we have placed
the cost of rough lumber at $18.00 per
thousand, put up. We will assume the
cost of the inch surfaced boards
for sheathing to be $25.00 per
thousand, including labor, nails, and
material. Siding at $40.00 per thousand,
including lumber, labor, nails and
waste. Ten foet square, or 100 superfi
cial feet, of 2x8 studding, at $18.00 per
thousand, equals $2.43. The same sur
face. covered with surfaced boards at
$25.00 per thousand, costs $2.50; 125
superficial feet of siding, at $40.00 per
thousand, equals $5.00, allowin
ing one-
quarter for lap and waste. . Thus
T
wo
♦ I — .1 a 1 • . . O k ■ ■ 1 . > .. r. t
I > - . f . ■
find the total cost of i the
frame wall to
be $9.93. Add to this the cost of paint
ing the same, one square, at $3.00, we
find the cost to be $12.93. Compara
tively, therefore, we find the cost of one
hundred superficial feet of wall built of
the three leading building materials of
the country as follows:
Common brick
Rubble stone..
Frame....... .s...
The cost of window and door frames,
cornices, etc., may be estimated about
the same in either building. In brick
and stone buildings we find the addi
tional cost of cut stone window and
door sills, water table, etc., but the cost
of these adjuncts does not enter into
the first cost of the walls, and should
rather be estimated on separately or
considered aS additional items of cost
that may be dispensed with if neces
sary.— National Builder.
A Queer Superstition.
Abram Reed, a farmer living in
Beaver township. Pa., cut down a large
oak tree on his farm, and in cutting it
up he found, imbedded in the trunk,
seven or eight feet from the ground, a
small glass bottle and what had the
appearance of a lock of hair. The
bottle had been inserted in a hole in the
tree made bv an auger, then a pine
plug was driven into the hole over the
bottle, the hair also being held in the
hole by the plug* The bottle was
corked and contained a colorless liquiij.
Over the plug had grown six solid rings
of wood, besides a thick bark. There
was a superstition among the early
settlers, and it is held by many of their
descendants, that asthma and other
affections could be cured by the victim
standing against the tree and having a
lock of his hair plugged in it while the
hair was still attached to his head. It
must then tie cut off close to his head,
and the afflicted jierson walk away
without looking at it or ever passing by
the tree again. While the use of a
bottle was not included in this treat
inent. it is bel eved that the one w th
the hair discovered in the heart of the
oak tree w is put there in the early days
of the settlement by some believer in
the stipend tion to cure an ailment of
some kind. — Lumber World.
Military ¡•romotions.
A comparison of the new French
army law* w tli those of Prussia shows
that a French Second Lieutenant can
become Captain in four years, while a
Prussian Lieutenant requires at least
•■ars 1 to be promoted to a Cspt-
fifteen year»
aincy. The Fl
"renh Captain may bee »me
Major at the ag* of thirty-one, while
the lowest age in Prussia for the at
tainment of that rank is about forty-
four. In France it ie possible to be a
Lieutenant Colonel at thirty-four, a
Colonel at thirty-seven. Brigadier Gen
eral at forty and General of division, at
present the highest obtainable rank in
the army, at forty three.— N. Y. Post.
STUNQ
TO
DEATH
The Fate of the Big Brown Bear of Alaska
in Mosquito Season.
A fair wind one ihiy made me think
it possible to take a hunt inland, but
to my disgust it died down after I had
proceeded two or three miles, and my
tight back to camp with the mosquitoes
I shall always remember as one of the
salient points of my life. It seemed as
if there was an upward rain of insects
from the grass that became a deluge
over marshy tracts—and more than
half the ground was marshy. Of course
not a sign of any game was aeon, ex
cept a few old tracks; and the tracks of
an animal are about the only part of it
that could exist here in the mosquito
season, which lasts from the time the
suow is half off the ground until the
first severe frost, a period of some
three or four months. During that
time every living creature that can
leave the vallevs ascends the moun
tains, closely following the snow line,
and even there peace is not completely
attained, the exposure io the winds
being of far more benefit than the cool
ness due to the altitude, while the mos
quitoes are left undisputed masters of
the valleys, except for a few straggling
animals on their way from one range
of mountains to the other.
Had there been any game, and had I
obtained a fair shot, 1 honestly doubt
if I could have secured it, owing to
these pests; not altogether on account
of their ravenous attacks upon my face,
and especially the eyes, but for the rea
son that they were so absolutely dense
that it was impossible to see clearly
through the mass in taking aim. When
I got to campl was thoroughly exhaust
ed with my incessant fight, and com
pletely out of breath, which 1 had to
regain as best I could in a stifling
smoke from dry, resinous pine knots.
A traveler who had spent a summer on
the lower Yukon, where I did not find
the pests so bad on my journey as on
the upper river, was of the opinion
that a nervous person without a mask
would soon bo killed by nervous pros
tration. unless he were to take refuge
in midstream. I know that the native
dogs are killed by the mosquitoes un
der certain circumstances, and I heard
reports which I believe to lie well
founded, both from Indians and trust
worthy white persons, that the great
brown bear—erroneously but com
monly called the grizzly—of these re
gions is at times compelled to succumb
to these insects. The statement seems
almost preposterous, but the explana
tion is comparatively simple. Bruin,
having exhausted all the roots and ber
ries of one mountain, or, finding them
scarce, thinks ho will cross the valfey
to another range, or perhaps it is the
odor of salmon washed up along the
river’s banks that attracts him. Cov
ered with a heavy fur on his body, hit
eyes, nose and ears are the vulnerable
points for mosquitoes, and here of
course they congregate in the greatest
numbers. At last, wheu he reaches a
swampy stretch, they rise in myriads,
until his forepaw is kept so busy, as
he strives to keep his eyes clear of
them, tnat he can not walk, whereupon
he becomes enraged, and, bear-like,
raises upon his haunches to fight. It
is now a mere question of time until
the bear’s eyes become so swollen from
innumerable bites as to render him
perfectly blind, when he wanders help
lessly about until he gets mired in the
mud and starves to death.— From Lieut.
Uchwatka's “Alaska."
AN
ICE
BRIDGE.
Description of the Mont A we-Insplrlng and
Kubli'iicHt Spectacle on Karth.
The grandest sight in the park is be
yond the lower falls of the Yellow
stone. I have never seen, but have
frequently read, of the beautiful sight
presented by the falls of Niagara in
winter and of the wonderful ice bridge
formed at their base by the freezing of
the waters, but I can not imagine how
Niagara can compare, even consider
ing its tremendous volume of water,
with the sublime lower falls of the
Yellowstone river in midwinter. Here
was the ice bridge, too, or rather an
ice mountain, which rose to a height
almost equal to the descent of the falls.
A feeling of awe creeps over one upon
beholding in this wilderness such deso
late grandeur as can not be seen else
where on earth. I stood on Lookout
terrace, a short distance below the
falls, and saw a great
sii
•eat sheet
of water
shoot out ____
from —
the __
land 1 and with a
------
mighty roar plunge fully 395 feet into
the abyss beneath.
Nothing could freeze in the basin
that received this deluge, for the force
of the descending river must have
broken any thing that came in its way:
but the spray that shot far out beyond
the solid stream froze as it fell and
formed the beautiful ice bridge or ice
mountain I have mentioned. The walls
of the great canyon of the Yellowstone
certainly are the must awe-inspiring,
majestic, sublimest spectacle on Go<ls
earth. Nowhere in the wonderful park
nor elsewhere on the globe can there
be found such an extensive view of a
combinatimi of stupendous natural
scenery and gorgeous coloring. On
this wintry day. far in the depths of
the park, away from humanity and
alone with nature, I can not describe
the feeling that came over me. — Cor.
Philadelphia Times.
—The luxury of strawberries anc
cream was not always known to the
world. As an interesting fart of the
season, it may be mentioned that in
1509 Cardinal Wolsey first combined
strawberries with cream In an exalted
moment of supreme insviratiom