HOOD RIVER GLACIER THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 1G, 1916
ARE NOW SERVING OUR CUSTO
mers at our new location, one door east of
Clark's Drug Store. We would be glad to wel
come you there. Groceries of Quality.
CASH GROCERY
Grocery of Quality
E. E. KAESSER, Proprietor Phone 1012
jPfl LADIES! LADIES! ( T
.11 I 1 We have, just received a new I
I l Country Club Toilet 1 ll
ILXJyJA Preparations 1
V Come in c let us show them to you V
Chas. N. Clarke c
YOUR Druggist '
THE DAZZLING BEAUTY OF
THE DIAMOND
With its incessant flashes of sparkling
brilliancy, makes it the most facinating
of all precious stones'.
The purchase of these precious stone is
only truly satisfactory when a reliable
and responsible expert is consulted. Our
long experience and our knowledge of
the best are a guarantee that the finest
stones at the most reasonable prjeescan
be purchased here.
Every diamond is absolutely guaranteed
to be just what we sell it for.
We carry them at all prices-$15 to $400
W. F. LARAWAY
Jeweler
An Orchard Necessity
The Hood River Box
Nailing Press
Do you know that no time saving contrivance for or
chardists has ever become so universally popular as this box
nailing press? These presses have been shipped to Siberian
orchardists, all over the United States and to the far away
fruit districts of Australia. The reasons are simple. The
cost of the box is but normal when compared with the saving
made by the efficient service it renders.
W. G. SNOW
Phone 2611 Fourth Street
REC0LECT10NS OF MID-i
COLUMBIA INDIANS
The Purity Dairy Co,
Yours for prompt service and
Good Milk
a aaaaaa
THOS. D. CALKINS
f THE LAWYER TEUlS THE OOP UUPH BOof)
oupae, look t that rtu-owij
FACE- ALWAYS CHUCK FULL OF
ORPINARt TOBACCO, stini
cams op M S FRitnos wbuiu
TILL HIM ABOUT WCUT.
T
I C" at i iter.!
fwAULD fcDPRf f lATfl
mm m
YOU'RE not sorry for gophers and monkeys with
their faces all swelled out-they are built that way,
Dockets in their cheeks to hold stuff till it s feeding time.
E?J Tc i U "t ' . with . bi,
of tobacco-he i.n't even Jettinl .ati.l.ctton. W-B CUT fx to-blwo-foll
of a.ti.factioa-a KttU ckw, i. ritkt ead it out. out to
much chawiaf and spitting'.
11,4, h, WETMAK-ERUTOW COMPACT. Sd U U-n. Wtw Tark Cty
(A piper by Capt H. C. Coc)
Pioneer retidenU characterise a
faper, entitled "iiie i,oiuniDiB nrer
ndiau." written lb Capt. H. C. Coe.
of Manhattan Beach. .Calif., especially
for the Hood River noneer Associa
tion and read t the annual reunion
here recently IbylProf. L. F. Hender
son. as one of the most comprehensive
and interesting documents ever com
Diled on the mid-ColumDia aoongine ai
een.by.theearly white men. The
writer is. a son 01 naicaniei wc,
founder of Hood River and planter ot
the apple community's first orcbstd,
the trees of which -were set before
I860.
The paper written by Mr. Coe, now
in the arcnivea 01 me now mm i
neer Association, follows:
When we made our home at Hood
River in the fall of 1864. a good many
Indians were located there. 1 never
counted them nor did I ever know of
any enumeration of them having been
made, but there must bavo been some
15 or 16 camps, and live or aix at wnai
was known as "Polally llahee" (Pow
der or Sand Land), now known as
Ruthton and later taken up by John
Marten and Amoa Underwood. Each
camp contained from 101 to 115 adults,
These Indians were undoubtedly an
overflow from the Willamette valley nr
Chinook tribes which had extended as
fsr east as The Dalles on the south
side of the Columbia river. At the
Cascades they had crossed to the
Washington side, but east of there the
and was claimed by the Kiickitats,
snd the Wascos, as the local tribe was
celled, rehgiiusly refrained lroni en
croaching on the territory of the strong
tribe. The Wascos as well as tne
Chinooks were known aa fish eaters,
and were far inferior to their northern
neighbors. They were as a rule a
uuat. ill favored, filthy crowd, reek
ins in dried salmon fumes and'alive
with vermin of various kinds. 1 nave
often seen mothers picking lice from
their offpsring and cracking them in
their teeth, their reason being "retal
iation," or-as one squaw said, "Clasks
mucimuo nesiks, nesika mucimuc
clasks." (they eat us, we eat them)
Slavery was common among the
Indians. There were a number of
slaves here when we first came, but
I do not think they fell to the share of
the heirs at the death of their masters,
the general custom being to free them.
The slave was senerally obtained from
the Snake Indians who lived eaBt of
the Blue mountains, a cowardly set of
cut-throats and robbers who in large
bands occasionally made portrays on
the tribes in southeastern Oregon such
as the Klamaths, Watwashcs and
Modocks. capturing hunting or Ashing
parties and isolated families, killing
the adults and taking the children cap
lives, selling them to the northern
tribes. And truly they were slaves,
owned body and soul by their masters.
Even their livea were in their owners
hands. The slaves were required to do
all the menial work, such as bringing
the wood and water and digging roots.
They were hired out to the whites to
labor in the fields and gather fruit and
vegetables. The most prohtable trade,
however, came from the traffic in girls.
who were required to sell themselves
to whoever wanted them. Uld Wal
lachin, chief of the Polally tribe, once
told me that from the services of two
girls belonging to the Watwaeh tribe
he had during the early mining days
taken in over $1000 in two seasons.
One of these girls will be remembered
by many pioneers as "Uld Jenny,
who after the death of old Wallachin
married another slave named Jack.
They both died of consumption in Hood
River many years ago.
Marriages: Ihe marriage ceremony
of the Indian is certainly very brief
and, as a rule, very elastic. Yet I am
free to say that a separation was ex
ceedingly rare. Girls were sold to the
highest bidder and polygamy was prac
ticed by anyone who could afford to in
dulge in it. It as a matter of curiosity
to the early pioneer to learn why as a
. i . i . .ij ,i .. A ; .
rule inc uiu auu in uinujr lbbcb ucurcpit
buck had a young and comely wife or
wives, while some stalwart young man
might be mated with- a woman old
enough to be his grandmother. The
explanation, however, was simple the
old man had the price, and the luxury
was his, while the young man had to
take the faded flowers. The bargain
aving been made and the purchase
price paid, tne oriae wun ner Deiong-
ings usually just me ciomes sne
wore followed her lord and master to
his wigwam either on foot or horse
back, and hiB home was her home until
is majesty chose to make some change,
which indeed was seldom. As expen
sive a piece of property as a handsome
young woman was not to be discarded
without provocation, and, indeed, as 1
have said before, the marriage tie was
rarelv broken, even though the wife s
beauty had fled. But the husband
was, as in the case of the slave, the
lord and master. The wife of his pur
chase was just as much a slave as was
the poor Watwash captive, ihe power
of the slave master was his, and there
was none to question his act should
that act carry bis wife a spirit to the
Happy Hunting bround, unless indeed,
which is unusual and rare in the same
tribe, a powerful relative could scent
a possible gain by demanding repara
tion for the loss. Corporal punishment
was very frequently resorted to. It
was administered as a cure-all for all
misdemeanors infidelity, disobedience
and laziness.
An instance of wife beating tnat had
serious results occurred in Hood River
in the early days. The camps had no
regular chief, but a man named "Bail"
or "Bill" had two wives one an ugly,
coarse grained old woman whose face
was partially paralyzed, but who had
the distinction of having borne him a
son. The otner was a good looking
woman, but without issue. The young
woman bad for some reason unknown
to us been so severely beaten that her
arm was broken. She was then kicked
out of doors one cold, rainy night, and
was finally taken in charge by a broth
er, who secured tne services oi i
prominent medicine man. 1 be woman,
however, died. The brother instead of
shooting the guilty Bail shot the medi
cine man, in his own camp. The mat
ter having beea thus satisfactorily
settled peace again reigned.
The question of having the authori
ties at The Dalles take the matter up
was talked over, but the court, or what
there was of law in those days, refused
to interfere, claiming no jurisdiction
over the Indiana.
Religion: l ne Indians bave many
superstitions. In fact, their religion is
made up of a mass of superstitions,
They believe in a future life a happy
bunting ground with hshmg included,
Their idea of the Great Spirit, or To
mannawaa is vague arid indefinite. He
is here and be is there sometimes on
Mount Tacoma, on Mount Adams or
Mount St. Helens, or there may be one
on each of them. Many animals are
endowed with supernatural powers,
Spelia, the lowly coyote, was formerly
a human being, a fact that accounted
for hia remarkable sagacity. Accord
ing to the Yakimaa ha was the Mer
eury of the great Meoawah who lived
on Mount Taeoma and who in timea
past sent bis dread eommanos w ma
tribes of the kingdom.
Tbs King of the Salmon waa also a
remarkable character. On tba north
aide ot Memalooae Island there ' is a
natural tunnel under a spur or. roc a ex
tomiins out into the channel that ia ac
counted for by the following legend:
The Indiana bad been at war an over
tbe country eaat of the Cascades. Tbe
great Meouwab on Mount iaeoma naa
tired or tneir continual. uicieringi ami
had aent Spelia out to all warring
tribes with tbe command to cease their
warfare and live in peace. The faitb
lul Spelia. awift footed, delivered hia
master'a messages to' unheeding care
and the offended spirit determined to
atarva them into submission. So he
directed Spelia to station spirit guards
with salmon apears on asemaioose ana
adjacent ialands with orders to spear
any aalmon that attempted to pass up
the stream. Thus the supply of salmon
was cut off and great numbers of the
fish collected below the islands. So
matters stood. . The salmon continued
to collect and the Indiana above grew
hungrier, but still quarreling. Finally
the salmon in their desperation sent an
urgent message to their king to come
from tbe northern watera and direct
them in their extremity. Unless they
could pass on above, they could not
apawn, and the race would be extinct.
Soon the King of the Salmon arrived
and looked the matter over carefully.
The spirit guards were at the point and
vigilant, but the king had solved the
problem. Selecting the . narrowest
point in the projecting reef he in
structed every sturdy salmon to take a
small rock in his mouth and strike the
reef at'a designated point. The count
less blows told and a large tunnel was
bored through the stubborn rock. The
countless hosts passed on and the spirit
guards were outwitted. But the Great
Spirit had won. The quarreling red
skins, fearful lest their wivea and chil
dren starve, had thrown down their
arms, washed the war paint from their
faces and had made a lasting peace,
that has not been broken, e'er the first
salmon bad leaped the falls at Turn
water. The legend of the Bridge of the Gods
is too well known to repeat. A. legend
that was of truth a mighty war of the
gods that scientists have declared did
occur. To Fredrick Homer Batch be
longs the honor ot rescuing from obliv
ion and making imperishable the rec
ord of the awful catastrophe. '
Funeral Ceremonies : When a death
occurs the family moves at once. Un
der no circumstances would they re
main over night in a house or a tent
where one bad died, as the evil spirit
that caused the passing goes into the
ground, and would enter the person of
any so raeh as. to remain over night.
The body ia taken in charge by rela
tives or friends of the family and
dressed in the best clothes, rolled
tightly in new blankets, corded around
securely to bold . them in place, then
left for one or more days, according to
the weather. Then without any further
ceremony it is tied to a plank and
placed in a tree if one can be had. If
not, then a scaffold ia built, high
enough to be out of the way of ma
rauding animals, and the body is left
on this until entirely mummified. It is
then taken down, new clothing and
blankets provided and the remains
taken in state to the usual burial
ground, accompanied by relatives and
members of the tribe in general
The corpse ia placed in the leading
canoe, followed by the rest in, single 4
file. As the procession Starts the
women begin waning tne aeatn song
snd with the beating torn toms make a
scene indescribably sad. On reaching
their destination the body is placed in
the family dead house. The wrappings,
like those on the mummies of ancient
Egypt, are renewed at stated intervals
by the immediate surviving relatives.
Burial Grounds and Burial Customs:
Whenever it was possible islands were
selected for the final resting places of
the dead. This was done to protect
them from marauding animals and for
general security from molestation from
man or beast. '
On the middle river two little rock-
ribbed islands were selected one about
12 miles east of Hood River and one
three miles east of The Dalles. They
were known as Memaloose, Illshee or
Dead Land. Both have been used for
this purpose for unknown ages, the
ground being .composed largely of de
composed bones. I visited the islands
in 1858 before the relic hunters anu
body snatchers had made their ghoulish
raids that eventually despoiled the sa
cred grounds of their rightful tenants
and forced the abandonment or tne
islands entirely as burial places. As
nearly as I can remember there were
about 10 or 12 houses in fairly good le-
pair, but many more were fallen down
and in the last staees of decay. In
many places there were only patches
of bone dust, the cedar plank that bad
once enclosed the place having disap
peared vears ago. Perhaps a half dozen
of the standing houses were cared for
and the dead reclothed. ine rest.
while held sacred by tbe living, were
left to the care of the dead.
The dead house, as I have said be
fore, was made of cedar slabs cut from
diiftwood of the river. Tbe houseB
were from eight to 12 feet square and
about five feet high. 1 will describe
the one in best repair, and will illus
trate the Indian s peculiar ideas of
death and the great hereafter.
The Duncbeons. or slabs, for the
sides were set on end and held in place
by horizontal strips on either side at
the top and bound together with
withes, one aide higher, in order to
make a slope for the roof, which was
Iso of slabs. A door opened on op
posite sides, held in place by sticks and
withes. As I entered I saw on my
right perhaps a half dozen well cared
for corpses, some on tbe ground and
some hung irom tne root, ueyona
them waa piled the belongings ot the
dead. Everything that an Indian holds
dear was taken with him to tbe nappy
Hunting Ground. Ibere were trunks
bousht from the Hudson Bay Co., gor
geous with brass bindings and brass
tacka and tilled to overnowing wun
blankets, dress roods and dresses of
every description, brass jewelry, beads
bv the auantitv and of every Kind, coi-
. . a j. .i
or and snape. pots ana pans, wanes
and class, flintlock rifles, shot guns,
Distols. tommvbawks and axes, bows
and arrows galore. They made my
bcyish fingers itch to get possession of
the toughest, covered from end tq-end
with sinews, and arrows with many
feathers and jasper tipped. Had my
sacreligioua fingers closed about these
coveted treasures, simply going to
waste and which I needed so much, tbe
jealous eyea of my Indian crew would
have found me out and have compelled
restitution.
On my left was piled up a row of the
dead perfectly mummified and intact
men and women. All their trappings
were gone and their shrunken bones
were covered with a parchment like
skin. I don't know how many of them
there weie, but they were piled three
or four deep clear across the hut. 1
opened some of the trunks and found
tbe bodies of children. One, a wee
little girl, held firmly gripped in hr
pitiful little fingers a pewter spoon,
which even death had failed t9 deprive
her of.
The fall before we came to Hood
River a woman bad died at Mosier. 1
believe, and left twlna, a boy and a
girl, a few daya old. Gail Borden and
Mellena had not commenced tba manu
facture of their lifesavmg baby foods
and there waa no available milk aupply
in camp. It was evident to the obtuse
Indians that a two daya old child could
not masticate salmon or roots, and it
waa thought that the children might aa
well die in their mother's arms. So
tbe little babies were wrapped in
blanketa and taken along with the
body of the dead mother to Memaloose
Island. A Good Samaritan family, 1
think of one of the missionaries at Tbe
Dalles, heard of the incident and res
cued the babies. One of them, how
ever, died.
(Tg be continued)
MUSICAL DEPARTMENT
STUDIES ITALIAN MUSIC
The Musical department of the Wo
man's club is now studying Italian mu
sic, the first program having been
given Wednesday evening of last week.
The second program was last night.
The program of last week was aa
follows :
Vocal solo. Early church muajc, Mr.
E fining.
Vocal solos, "Voiche Sspete" from
"Marriage of Figaro," Mozart; No
Torno, Mattei, Miss Bartmeas.
Piano solo, Pastorale, Scarletti, Mrs.
Kanaga.
Quartet. "Go Not From Me, Oh
God," Motet from Christua and Miser
ere, Zingarelli. Mrs. Root, Mrs. Hen
ney, Mr. Henderson and Mr. Wede
meyer. Violin solo, Intermezzo from Cava
lieria Rusticana, Mascagni, Mr. Root.
Piano solo, Gavotte, Sgambati, Mrs.
Crites.
Vocal solos; Mattinata, Tosti; "Dost
Know?" Rotoli, Miss Reavis.
Piano duet.Overture from Trovatore,
Verdi; Miss Howes and Mrs. Rirge.
Vocal solos, Prologue from Pagliacci,
Leoncavalo; Lamico Frit, Mascagni.
Mr. Epping.
Quartet, National Hymn. Mrs. Root,
Mrs. Henney, Mr. Henderson and Mr.
Wedemeyer.
Sufferer from Indigestion Relieved
"Before taking Chamberlain's Tablets
my husband suffered several years from
indigestion, causing him to have pains
in the stomach and distress af'er eating.
Chamberlain's Tablets relieved him of
these spells right away," writes Mrs.
Thomas Cas -y, Geneva, N. Y. Obtain
able everywhere.
, Child's Body Shipped East
S. E. Bartmess Sunday disinterred
the body of little Julia May Mitchell,
who passed away in 1913 and waa
buried on the J. C. Diamond place on
Portland Way. The child's body was
shipped to Danville, III., where it was
interred in the family burial ground.
TRere are thousands of
children who are bright
but frail not sick but
underdeveloped they
play with their food they
catch colds easily and do
not thrive they only need
the pure,rich liquid-food in
mmmu
to start them growing and keep
them going. Children relish
SCOTT S and it carries rare
nutritive qualities to their blood
streams and gives them flesh-
food, bone-food and strength-food.
Nothing harmful in SCOTTS.
Scott ft Bowne, Bloomfield, N. I. 164
C M. HURLBURT
SURVEYOR .
TELEPHONE 564-8
W.J.Baker & Co.
Dealers in
REAL ESTATE
Fruit and Farm
Lands
F. B. Snyder
B. B. PoweU
Hood River Plumb
ing Company
SANITARY PLUMBING
AND HEATING
Tinning and Sheet Metal Work. Gatoline
Engine. Pumps, Ram. Repairing Prompt
ly Attended. Ettimatet Furnished. Phone
UM. Next to City Water Office.
OAK STREET
A Light Touch
We had just a light touch of real
wet Fall weather last week, but that
one day, there waa a rush for Weed
Tire Chains. We took care of all
comers, all eizea. Did you get yours?
We've got a very complete atock of
Weed Chains as well as the cheaper
Rid-O-Skid chains. Rainy weather
will soon be with us in earnest, and
it behooves you (get that word "be
hooves") to get your chains before
the "kid. One real skid might cost
you more than fifty pairs of chains.
Gilbert & DeWitt
JOIN THE ARMY
Of satisfied customers who
use and recommend
SV1AJ
TIC
RANG
We are agents for these famous
ranges and if you are thinking of
buying a range or a
Heating Stove
we invite you to call and examine
our stock and get our prices.
Blowers Hardware Co
The Firm That "MaKes Good"
Phone 1691 Oak and 1st Sts.
Resources Over $550,000
The depositors of this Bank include estates,
corporations, institutions and individuals'
The balances of some depositors run into the
. ' thousands, while the balances of others seldom
exceed $100. All receive the same courtesy and
and attentive service which characterize this v
Bank's relations with its customers. Open a
checking account.
Member Federal Reserve System
First National Bank
Hood River, Oregon
PEOPLES NAVIGATION COMPANY
Steamer Tahoma
Down Sundays, Tuesdays, Thursdays
Up Mondays, Wednesdays, Saturdays
All kinds of freight and passengers handled. Horses and automobiles
given special attention.
Jack Bagley, Agent, Phone 3514
Hunt Paint & Wall Paper Co.
Complete line of PAINTS, OILS, BRUSHES, Etc. ,
Heath & Milligan Mixed Faints
Glidden's Varnishes
Room Mouldings
Bulk Calcimine Mixed to Order
Plate and Card Rail
Dry Paste
Anderson Undertaking Co.
C. C. ANDERSON, Sole Proprietor
LICENSED EMBALMER AND
FUNERAL DIRECTOR
312 Cascade Ave. Phone 1394
S. E. BARTMESS
FUNERAL DIRECTOR AND LICENSED EMBALMER
Licensed with Oregon's first class or Embalmers. Phone 1381, 3S2I
HOOD RIVER, OREGON
Go to Law, The Cleaner.
Auto Transfer Service
Baggage, Express and Freight Handled
on Shortest Notice. Office in Foust &
Merle Store, Mt. Hood Annex.
TeL 2431 R. N. YOUNG