. I .r tLt iji
i Cider Maklne.
Stfietly speaking, cider is the Juice
of apples after it has been extracted
from the fruit, carefully filtered, clari
fied and fermented, and should contain
not less than 6 per cent, of alcohol. In
this country the term is applied indis
criminately to apple juice from the time
it leaves the cider press until acetic
fermentation.or the process of vinegar
making, begins. It is commonly made
from refuse apples of all varieties, little
attention being given to their condition
when taken to the mill as to the degree
of ripeness, freedom from insects or
proportion of tart to sweet apples. The
result Is a Juice which quickly begins to
DOUBLE HAND MILL.
ferment, then acidify, being often un
palatable and Insipid. For vinegar
. making It is not so necessary to look
after the details, but even for this
product there are certain points which
must be observed If a prime article is
desired.
The apples ought to be mature. Un
developed fruit will make a cider which
contains a large per cent, of water and
but little fruit sugar. It will not only be
unpalatable as cider, but the vinegar re
sulting will be weak and of poor qual
ity. ' Apple butter made with this kind
of juice will also be unsatisfactory for
home use, and practically unsalable on
the market. If the apples are full
grown but yet unripe, the quality can be
greatly improved by ripening in piles.
Remove all decayed specimens, collect
In heaps containing two to five bushels,
and put them on a layer of straw, hay
or fence rails. Allow the apples to re-
main here until they begin to mellow
and lose their excessive tartness, or in
other words until a part of the starch
In the apple has changed into fruit su
gar. Mixing the fruit so that the flavor
of the sour apples will supplement the
body and sugar of the sweet ones, gives
the best results. If the cider is to be
made into apple butter, the sooner it is
used after It comes from the press the
better. If It is to be kept for vinegar,
put into strong clean barrels, filling
about two-tblrds full, leave out the
bung and cover the hole with a piece of
i POWKB GRATER TO CRUSH APPLES. '
muslin so that Insects cannot enter, but
air; may be admitted freely. Put on
supports under a tree during warm
mnatliar n n .1 tn o fallal fti f I'll i f hniiaa
ncaiuci . v- 'mi 1 1 ii i sog
after freezing temperatures appear. If
the cider is to be kept for drinking pur
poses It must be carefully filtered by
means of muslin and charcoal filters,
clarified and fermented so that the fruit
sugar will be turned into alcohol. When
this process, .is completed,, the product
must-be placed in air-tight vessels or
bottles, so that acetic fermentation will
not take place. When properly pre
pared the cider wil.' remain good for
many years. . -
Sour Meal Kills Checks.
The common custom Is to keep a dish
of Indian meal mixed up, and two or
threst times a day a lot is thrown down
to the chickens. If they eat it, well and
good; if not, .and the chances are they
will not, they having become tired or
one single article of diet set before
them day after day, It stands and sours.
If a quantity is thus found uneaten, the
next feed is likely1 to be a light one, and
the chickens, driven by hunger, final
ly devour the sour stuff; the result Is
cholera, or some other fatal disease,
sets In and their owner wonders "Why
my chickens are dying off." In our
own practice we find tnat small quan
tities of varied food, if given to the
chickens often, produce vastly better
results than any other method of feed
ing. Local Irrigation.
The experience of the past two or
three years has satisfied a good many
that In order to make a success In cer
tain lines, as for example In growing
strawberries, other small fruits and po
tatoes, It Is necessary to have an artl-
. i . .. ,.nJ..
flclal supply of water in case it is
needed. A strawberry grower who has
a pond on his place from which he can
irrigate his strawberries has a sure
thing and will do better in seasons that
are adverse than In seasons that are
favorable. The same may be said' of
the man who Is growing potatoes for
the market. A few acres of potatoes
that can be Irrigated if need be are a
far more certain thing than four or five
times the number that are depending
on rainfall. We see no reason why lo
cal irrigation might not be practiced
with advantage in the cases above men
tioned, und the more so because the
pond from which the water would be
supplied can be used as a fish pond and
for collection of Ice In winter.
Weeds and Good Farming.
Occasionally a farmer is heard to ask
how the weeds can be killed, but he
does not realize that if by some rapid
process they .could all be dispatched
new legions would fill their places at
once if the conditions which they enjoy
remain. What farmers need to compre
hend is that without some radical mis
take In the management of their land
the daisies would never have gained
such a foothold. All plants, including
weeds, settle and thrive where the com
petition for life Is such that they can
enter Into It and prosper. A good stand
of grass leaves no room nor any hope
for weeds. It Is not In well tilled fields
that Canada thistles flourish, but In
neglected pastures and by the roadsides.
In the contest with the best agricultural
practice they cannot prevail. The rem
edy for weeds Is to keep the land busy
with a good crop on It, and this means
that the farmers must give persistent
and connected thought to his business.
If the daisies crowd out the grass, it is
because the meadow has been neglected
and the grass has begun to fall, and
wherever there Is a vacancy by the
failure of the grass every enterprising
weed finds a rightful opportunity to es
tablish Itself. If the farmer asks, there
fore, what will kill the daisies, there is
one answer: better farming.
Loading Corn Fodder Made Easy.
Th accompanying illustration, taken
from Farm and Home, shows how fod
der may be loaded without much exer
tion. Place an ordinary rack on a low
wheeled wagon or sled. To the rear of
the rack hinge an apron of sufficient
length so that when one end is on the
ground the slope will not exceed 25 de
grees. Fasten a pulley, a, to the front
end of the rack at the middle. Back
the wagon or sled close to the shock.
Turn down the apron. Make a loop on
one end of a strong rope and place this
over the shock, b. Run the other end
through the pulley on the front of the
rack, then back to a stake or Iron pin,
e, driven Into the ground. Start up the
team slowly and the shock will be
pulled on to the rack.
Poultry Notes.
Non-setting breeds lay white eggs. .
The hen pays for herself in a short
time. - i
Large eggs indicate that the hens are
too fat.
During hot weather water your fowls
three times a day.
Beware of overfeeding; it is a variety
of feed and shell producing materials
that give the best results.
Give the hens proper care, but this
does not imply that you must be con
tinually fussing with them. " '
There is little or no difficulty In rais
ing young ducks or goslings If they can
be kept dry until well feathered.
Geese are very hardy, are easily rais
ed, require less care and expensive
food than any other breed of fowls.
Horticultural Hints.
" Korosene emulsion will kill cabbage
worms, if thoroughly applied. ' '
Diseases' are contagious among
plants, and . should be watched and
promptly treated. ' -
Canada papers report a large hang of
fruit in the orchards, particularly apples-
prospects are for a good crop.
The small trees should be cultivated,
especially during dry weather. In fact,
all cultivated crops will be benefited
by shallow cultivation during dry
spells. . . . . I ; .'.'.
Small-fruit growing Is not straining
to the land's fertility; In no other crop
will so much satisfaction, gratified
tasts and good health be secured at so
small a cost .
The striped cucumber bug can be
driven away by dusting the vines with
a mixture of one part of flour to four
parts Insect powder. Ashes, plaster,
lime, etc., are good to prevent its at
tacks.
Celery and asparagus are, the two
vegetables most rarely seen in either
the farmer's or the village garden; yet
there are none which will better repay
the trouble of cultivation. One is the
first vegetable in the spring; the other
the last In the fall.
RIO FOB HANDLING HEAVV BUNDLES.
PALMER AND BUCKNER
Chosen to Head the National
Democratic Ticket.
DOMINATED AT INDIANAPOLIS
two "White-Headed Veterans of the War
Who Were Rival Commanders of
the Blue and Gray.
' John M. Palmer, of Illinois, . and
Simon Bolivar Buokner, of Kentucky,
two white haired veterans of the war,
rival commanders of the blue and gray,
were nominated at Indianapolis by the
National Demooratio convention for
president and vice-president on a brief
but emphatio platform whioh repudi
ates the doctrines enunciated , by the
Chicago convention, indorses President
Cleveland and his administration in
glowing terms, declares for the gold
standard, tariff for revenue only, lib
eral shipping laws, onrrenoy reform,
oivil servioe and eoonomy in pnblio ex
peditnres. The spirit that animated the conven
tion was contained in this declaration
of the platform: , .
"The Demooratio party has survived
may defeats, but it oould not survive a
viotory won in behalf of the doctrine
and policy proclaimed in its name at
Chicago."
And so, in the language of Mr. Ham
mond, of Georgia, this convention
plaoed in the hands of other nominees
their banner and bade them fling it
forth, "skyward and seaward, high and
wide."
When the nominees ior president
were' oalled for, it was apparent that
Palmer would be nominated over his
protest, as the opposition to Bragg bad
oonoentrated upon him. These two
names were the only ones presented to
the convention.
There never was any doubt about
General Buokner's nomination for vice
president, and he was eleoted by accla
mation. , . ,i ......
. The Platform. ...... '.'
The platform adopted by the Nation
al Demooratio opnveniton was as fol
lows: , "This convention has assembled to
uphold the principles upon which de
pend the honor and welfare of the
.American people, in order that the
Demoorats throughout the Union may
unite their patriotio efforts to avert
disaster from their country and ruin
from their party. . v
"The Demooratio party is pledged' to
equal and exact justice to all men of
every oreed and condition; to the larg
est freedom for individuals consistent
with good government; to the preserva
tion of the federal governemnt in its
constitutional vigor and to the support
of the states in all their just rights; to
eoonomy in publio expenditures; to the
maintenance of the 1 publio faith and
sound money, and it is opposed to pa
ternalism and all olass legislation.
"The declarations of the Chicago
convention attack individual freedom,
the right of private oontraot, the inde
pendence of the judiciary and the au
thority of the president to enforce the
federal laws. They advocate a reckless
attempt to increase the price of silver
by legislation, to the debasement of
of our monetary standard through un
limited issues of paper money by the
government. They abandon for Ee
publioan allies the Demooratio cause,
and tariff reform to court the favor of
the protectionists to their flsoal heresy.
"In view of those and other grave
departures from demooratio principles,
we . cannot support the candidates of
that convention, nor be bound by ita
aots. The Demooratio party has sur
vived many defeats, but could not sur
vive a viotory won in behalf of the doc
trine and policy proclaimed in its name
at Chicago.
"The conditions, however, which
make possible such utterances for the
national convention are the direot re
sult of olass legislation by the Repub
lican party. It still proclaims, as it
has for years, the power and duty of
the government to raise and maintain
prices by law, and it proposes no rem
edy for existing evils except oppressive
and unjust taxation.
"The national demooracy, here con
vened, therefore renews its declaration
of faith in democratio principles es
pecially applicable to the conditions of
the times. Taxation, tariff, excise or
direot, is rightfully imposed only for
publio purposes, and not for private
gains. Its amount is justly measured
by publio expenditures, whioh should
be limited by sorupulous economy.
The sum derived by the treasury is de
termined by appropriations of congress.
"The demand of the Bepublioan
party for an inorease of tariff tax has
Its pretext in the deficiency of revenue,
whioh has its causes in the stagnation
of trade and reduced consumption, due
entirley to loss of confidence that has
followed the Populist threat of free
coinage and the depreciation of oar
money and the Republican practice of
extravagant appropriation? beyond the
needs of good government.
"We arraign and condemn the Pop
nlistio conventions of Chicago and St
Louis for their co-operation with the
Bepublioan party ;for inoreasitig thse
conditions, which are applied in justi
fication of the heavy inorease of the
burdens of the people and further resort
to protection. We therefore denounce
protection and its ally, the free coinage
of feilver, as schemes for the" perponal
profit of the few at the expense of the
many, and oppose the two parties
which stand for these schemes as hos
tile to the people of the republic, whose
food and shelter, comfort and property,
are attacked by higher taxes and depre
ciated money. ' -
'."In fine, we reaffirm the democratio
doctrine of a tariff for revenue only;
we demand that henceforth modern and
liberal policies toward American ship
ping shall take the place of our imita
tion of restrictive statutes of the 18th
century, whioh were abandoned by
every maritime power but the United
States, and which, to the nation's
humiliation, have driven American
capital and enterprise to the use of
alien flags and alien crews; have made
the stars and stripes an almost un
known emblem in foreign countries,
and have virtually extinguished the
race of Amerioan seamen.
"We denounce the pretense that dis
crimination duties will promote ship
ping, and we declare that scheme is an
invitation to commerical warfare upon
the United States, un-Amerioan in the
light of our great oommeroial treaties,
offering no gain whatever to American
shipping, while greatly 1 increasing
ocean freights - on agricultural and
manufactured products. '..."
- "The experience of mankind has
shown that, by their natural qualities
gold is the necessary mone of the large
affairs of oommeroe and business, while
silver is conveniently adapted to minoi
transactions, and the most beneficial
use of both together can be insured
only by the adoption of the former as
the standard of monetary measure and
the maintenance of silver at a parity
with gold by its unlimited coinage un
der suoh safeguards of law. Thus is
the largest possible enjoyment of both
metals gained, with the value uti
versally aocepted throughout the world,
which constitutes the only 'practical
currenoy, assuring ' the most stable
standard, and espescially the best and
safest money for all who earn a liveli
hood by labor or the products of hus
bandry. They cannot suffer when paid
in the best money known to man, but
are peculiar and most defenseless vic
tims of a debased and fluctuating cur
rency, which offers continued profits to
the money-ohanger, at their oost.
"Realizing these truths, demonstrat
ed by long publio inoonvenieuoe and
loss, the Democratio party, in the in
terest of the masses and equal justice
to .all, praotically established by the
legislation of 1834 and 1853 the gold
standard of monetary measurement,
and likewise entirely divorced the gov
ernment from banking and ourrency is
sues. '
"To this long-established demooratio
policy we adhere, and insist upon the
maintenance of the gold standard and
of the parity therewith of every dollar
issued by the government, and are
firmly opposed to the free and unlimit
ed coinage of silver and to the compul
sory purohase of silver bullion.
"But we denounce also further, the
maintenance of the . present costly
patch-work system of 'national paper
ourrency as a oonstant souroe of injury
and peril. We assert the necessity of
suoh an intelligent ourrency system as
will confine the government to its
legitimate function, completley sep
arated from-the banking business, and
afford to all sections of our country a
uniform, safe and elastic . bank onr
renoy under government supervision.
measured in volume by the needs of
business.
"The patriotism, fidelity and oourage
with whioh President Cleveland has
fulfilled . his great publio trust, the
vigorous character of his administra
tion, itst'wiBdom and energy in the
maintenance of civil order and the en
forcement of the laws, its equal regard
for the rights of every olass and every
section, its firm and dignified conduct
of the foreign affairs, and its sturdy
persistence in upholding the credit and
honor of the'nation, is fully reoognized
by the Demooiatio party, and will se
cure him. a place in history beside the
Father of the Republic. We also com
mend the administration for the great
progress made in reform of the publio
service, and we indorse i'ts efforts to ex
tend the merit system still farther; we
demand that no backward step be
taken, but that the reform be support
ed and advanced until the undemo
oratio sytem of appointment shall be
eradioated. We demand strict eoonomy
in appropriations and in the adminis
tration of government. We favor arbi
tration for the settlement of internation
al disputes. We favor a liberal polioy
of pensions to ' deserving soldiers and
sailors of the United States.
"The supreme court of the United
States was wisely established by the
framers of our constitution as one of
the three co-ordinate brancnes of gov
ernment, and its independence and au
thority to intepret law without fear or
favor must be maintained. We con
demn all efforts to defame the tribunal
or impair the confidence and re-
speot which it has - deservedly had.
The Demooratio party ever has main
tained and ever will maintain the su
premacy of the law, the independence
of its judicial administration, the in
violability of oontraot and the obliga
tion of all good oitizens to resist every
illegal trust, combination and attempt
against the just rights of property and
the good order of society, in whioh are
bound up the peace and happiness of
our people. Believing these prinoiplep
to be essential to the well-being of the
republic we submit them to the con
sideration of the Amerioan people." .
i
DISHONORED DRAFTS.
When the stomach dishonors the drafts made
Ipon it by the rest of trie system, it is neces
.arlly because its und of strength Is very low.
l'oned with Hostetter'g Stomach Bitters, it soon
begum tp pnjr out vigor in the shape of pure,
ricli bluod, containing the elemeuts of muscle,
bone and brain. As a sequence of the new
rigor Horded the stomach, the bowels perform
their functions reaulary, and the liver works
like clock work. Malaria has no efl'ect upon a
jyBtem thus reinf jrced.
Of the 2,901 cases of smallpox in
Austria during 1895 no less than 2,866
occurred in Galicia.
Two bottles of Piso's Cure for Consump
tion cured me of a bad lung trouble. Mr-.
J. Nicholas, Princeton, Ind., Mar. 26, 1895.
8100 REWARD, 81 CO.
The readers of this paper will he pleased to
earn that there is at least one dread -d dUea&e
that science has been able to cure in all its stages
and that is Catarrh. Hall's Catarrh Cure is tue
only positive cure now known to the medical
fraternity. Catarrh b-ine a constitutional dis
ease requires a constitutional treatment. Hall's
Catarrh Cme is taken internally, acting directly
upon ihe blood and mucous surfaces of toe sys
tem, thereby destroying the foundation of the
distta e, and giving trie patient strength by
building up the coi stltution and a-sistlne na
ture in doing lis work. The proprietor have
so much faith in its curative powers, that they
oiler One Hund ed Dollars for any case that it
fails to cure. Bend for list of testimonials. Ad
dress, F. J. OH Kt EY A CO., Toledo, O.
Sold by Druugit, 75c. '
, Hall's Family 1'ills are the best.
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Ton will find one coupon Inside each 2 onnce
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A Perfect
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That is what Baron von Liebig said
of good chocolate. All of Walter
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Vv
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I "The North PolTmade use of at last." I
Always at the front and wherever
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as for its low price. A 10 cent piece j
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twice ; as large as a 1 0 cent piece of ?
any other equally good tobacco. g
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FOR PEOPLE THAT ARE SICK or
"Just Don't Feel Well,"
?pKLIVER pills
are the One Tiling to uga. - t
Only One for a Dose.
Pold by Druggists at 25c. A box
Samples mailed free. AddreM
Cf. Bosanks f.'.:a, C. PUia. Pa.
Is impossible without pure, healthy blood. Puri
fied and vitalized blood lesult from taking
Oarsaparilla
The best in fact the One True Blood Purlfler.
Hood't) Pills for the liver and bowels. 25a.
MAILED FEEE ...Special Price List of
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This circular is issued for the benefit of our
country customers who cannot avail themselves
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WILL & F1NCK CO., ,
818-820 Market street. San Francisco, Cal. '
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N. P. N. U. $o. 666. S. F. N. U. No. 74