The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, August 16, 1895, Image 1

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    T
he Hood River
Glacier.
; It's a Cold Day When We Get Left.
VOL. 7. . . HOOD RIVER, OREGON, FRIDAY. AUGUST 16, 1895. NO. 12.
2Keod liver S lacier.
PUBLISHED EVERY FRIDAY BY
S. F. BLYTHE.
SUBSCRIPTION PRICE.
Ona year... .... 3 00
six moiitna i or
Throe months 60
Siitfle copy f Canto
THE GLACIER
barbershop;
HOOD RIVER, OR. '.'
GRANT EVANS, Proprietor.;.
ShavlnK tnd bnlr-outtlng neatly done. Satis
faction guaranteed.
LYNCHED BY A
Father and Son Hanged at
Ellensburg.
SEQUEL TO SUNDAY'S AFFKAY
At Midnight a Mob Broke Into the
.'..' Jail and Taking Them Out
Huns; Them to a free,
Ellensburg, Wash., August 15. At
12 o'clock last right the fire bell rang
, and a crowd oongregated at the county
jail inside of three minutes..- The pat
tering on the steel cage for an hour and
a half resounded on the still night air,
and at 1:80 Sam Vinson and his son
Charles, the murderers of Sunday,
were led out by a mob. - With ropes
around their necks, the victims were
, walked three blooks, and a small silver
poplar tree, eight inches in diameter,
was chosen. Kopes were thrown over
: the first limbs, and the father and son
were hauled . -up ; by many .willing
hands. Their feet were not over a foot
from the ground,-. and the two men
were choked to death, with their faces
within six inches of each other. .
After the death of Dutch John yes
- terday afternoon, an uneasy feeling be
gan to manifest itself, and as evening
came on, it grew in intensity. At 9:30,
when the street is usually deserted,
knots of men could be seen all over the
town, and there was apparently trou
ble coming. Sheriff Stitson was very
active, and had exrta deputies on duty
at the jail. He had arrangements
made so that the ringing of the fire bell
should be a signal that the mob was
under way., . , . .
Promptly at 12 the bell rang, and
almost simultaneously the guards were
overpowered, and the outer jail doors
soon passed. The steel cage was stub
born, but the mob was determined.
After the wretohes were seoured, they
assumed dogged silenoe. The old man
never spoke, but Charles pulled back
and struggled some. Both men were
hustled along, however, and ' several
telegraph poles were tried without suc
ceeding in finding a suitable place.
When near the fatal tree, young Vin
son spoke his only words, saying:
"I hate it on my mother's acoount
You'll be sorry for this." The last
word was uttered as the tightening of
the rope choked off his breath. The
father was strung np a moment before
his son, and some one in the orowd
said, as Charles was swung up:
"Your pa is up there; go up and see
him." " ,
Both men were allowed to hang for
some time, and the orowd slowly dis
persed without firing any shots into
the bodies. There were six other pris
: oners in the jail, but none were molest
ed, and nobody but the two murderers
were hurt during the proceedings.
Charles Vinson, who gave away the
trainrobbers in the Northern Pacifio
holdup last April, with his father was
drunk and raising disturbances all day
Sunday. That evening about 6:45
they entered the Teutonia' saloon and
picked a quarrel, during whioh Charles
. shot Mike Kohlopp, one of the propri
etors. The ball entered his right
breast, and the victim died half an.
hour later. - ' V.V
John Bergman, well-known as
"Dutch John,'' went to the defense of
. Kohlopp, when the elder Vinson stab
bed him in the right breast, inflicting
a horrible wound, whioh proved fatal
yesterday. 'After Kohlopp was shot he
grappled young Vinson, threw him to
the floor and dealt him several blows,
but was forced to desist by failing
strength. . ,'
Both men were immediately arrested
and put in the steel cage in the county
jail. Excitement ran high, but the
. offloials took extra precautions about
the jail.
The Vinsons were regarded as worth
less, Charles having served, one term in
the penitentiary. Both were quarrel
some, and always went armed and
ready to pick a fight
THE JAPANESE CRISIS.
The Report a Surprise to the Legation
In Washington.
Washington, August 15. No in
formation has been received at the Jap
anese legation in confirmation or de
nial of the report that a cabinet crisis
exists in Japan, though the legation
would not necessarily be informed of
suoh an occurrence until the formation
of a new ministry. The report of dis-
soluton was, however, a surprise to the
members of the legation, and ' oansed
great interest - While accustomed to
look at Counts Ito and Yamagata as
almost permanent parts of . the Japan
ese government, they admit that there
has been dissatisfaction expressed
among the opposition politicians con
cerning the reoession from the terms
of the original treaty, and it is pur
mised that any cabinet changes will
be due to this oritioism. They ; think,
however, a ohange on this account is
improbable, as in Japan the ministry
is in the creation of the emperor, and
its continuanoe in office is in nowise
dependent on popular approval, except
so far as the ministers may personally
be ' influenced ; by it. Furthermore,
they find it difficult to realze that there
should be any misunderstanding on
the question of rank. Both Ito and
Yamamgata are counts. The . former
holds the highest decoration within the
gift of the emperor, and the latter is a
marshal of the empire. . It is not un
derstood why men whose names have
been so highly honored should make
trouble over the question of the confer-
ing of an honor which would be only a
Blight advance over their present posi
tions. No one at the legation will
venture an opinion as to who might
suoceed Count Ito as prime minister in
case of his permanent retirement
A Rupture Averted.
New York, August 15. A speoial to
the World from Tokio says: By - im
perial command, Count Ito, the prime
minister, has resumed his duties. He
accepts elevation to the title of mar
quis, offered him by the emperor.' A
rupture is thus averted, but the per
sonal relations of oertain members re
strained. '," :l !..:.':'.'.'.'
A WHITECAP CARNIVAL.;
The Persecution of Colored People In a
;, '; ' Texas County. '
Paris, Tex. ,' August 15. An old ne
gro; ..woman named "Stephens arrived
here yesterday from Delta county,
where the whitecaps ae alleged to be
holding carnival. She states that .on
Saturday morning her son was called
to the door about . 4 o'olock and shot
down by the whitecaps. The ten
days' notice given , him had just ex
pired, and he was prevented from flee
ing with the wholesale exodus of ne
groes from that section on account of
his crops, and his home, whioh was
plaoed in jeopardy. He had a wife
and two ohildren. v.The whitecap no
tices were posted about his house. , His
brother fled when he first received
notice. An afternoon paper published
the following appeal from the negroes:
"To the Citizens of - Lamar County:
We, the oolored people of Delta -ooun-ty,
are the poorest and most worthless
people in the state of Texas and we ' do
not want any trouble with anybody.
We ask the white people to protect us,
and when we do wrong to do with us
as the laws demand, and we will be
satisfied. So please help us to stop the
whitecaps. We are not guilty of the
least crime in Delta county, so please
come to our reiier and we wm be
under lasting obligations to you. At
present ' we are unable to go any
where." - i
The reports from Delta county are
conflicting. ; A merohant from that vi
cinity states that so far as he has any
knowledge there as been no negro shot
by the whitecaps.
Waller's Case Not Dropped.
Paris, August 15. There is abso ,
lutely nothing in the sensational story
circulated by a New York newspaper
to the effect that United States Am
bassador Eustis has dropped the case
of John L. Waller, formerly United
States consul at Tamatava, island of
Madagascar, recently sentenced to a
period of twenty years' imprisonment
by a court-martial. On' the contrary,
Eustis is pursuing the matter most en
ergetically and hopes soon to arrive at
a satisfactory result ' ; 'v , 1 : '
' Rioting- Italians.
Pittsburg, Pa., August 15. One
hundred and fifty ' Italians employed
on the excavation of the oonduit in
Allegheney struok yesterday for an ad
vance of 25 cents a day. Other men
were secured to take their places, and
today the strikers tried to drive the
new men from the work.; Stones,
clubs and revolvers were freely used,
and two Italians had their heads split
open. The, mob was dispersed by the
polioe. - : .". ; : ' ;
Rights of Cherokee Claimants.
Vinita, I. T., August 15. Cherokee
claimant inhabitants are gathering
here for a meeting to take action to
seoure full legal rights in the nation.
They claim that the Cherokee nation
has long refused to give justice to them
as provided by past treaties, and they
propose to appeal to congress and the
oourts for redress.
THE TREASURY'S LOSS
Large Withdrawals ot Gold
for Shipment Abroad.
TALK OF ANOTHER BOND SALE
It Is Not Thought, However, That This
; . Will Be Countenanced by Either
Cleveland or Carlisle. '
Washington, August 14. The treas-
ury today lost 11,660,000 in gold for
export to Europe, leaving the reserve
only about f 1, 800,000 above the $100,
000,000 point The telegram whioh
announoed the withdrawal reached the
department just as it was closing at 4
o'clock, and gave no information as to
the name of the exporter or the exact
destination of the shipment. Mr. Cur
tis, the aoting secretary, said be had
no specifio information and could not
say whether - the syndicate would al
low the $100,000,000 to be enoroaohed
upon or not. None Of the other officials
would talk in the absence of Secretary
Carlisle. ' '
This heavy withdrawal has given
rise to a report that another bond issue
is impending, but there is now no one
in Washington who can speak authori
tatively on the subject, or who has in
formation not shared by the public.
The best opinion is that the syndicate
will not allow the reserve to be en
croached upon until after October 1,
when, as generally understood, . their
obligation oeases. : But even in the
event of still further withdrawals, it
is believed that President Cleveland
and Secretary Carlisle would see the
reserve reach a point below any that it
has yet - touched before they would
take any steps to reooup it by another
sale of bonds or purchase of gold.
It is argued that the meeting of con
gress is only fourteen weeks off, and
that without any reasonable doubt,
the treasury, with an available cash
balance of nearly $184,000,000, and the
revenues slightly increasing, can meet
its obligations and have a comfortable
balance at the end of the calendar year.
The best judgment obtainable here is
that there will be no bond issue or
extra session of congress, except in the
event of oontinued heavy withdrawals,
which are not looked for.
The archives of the state department
have been searched to see if there was
anything in the claim put forth that
the United States, as the oonquerer of
the Confederate states, had any claim
to the island of Trinidade. , Nothing
of thii kind could be found, and it is
not believed at the department that
there is anything in the claim. An
official of the department, who has been
looking into the matter, says there is
little doubt that the island belongs to
Brazil.
It is expected that several changes
will be made in the stations of the
officers of the pay corps. Some of the
officers have served long in the present
stations, and ' various . , reasons for
changes have been given. It is ex
pected that Colonel Glenn, how at St.
Paul, will go to New York; Colonel
Card, now at New York, to Denver;
Colonel Canby, now at Denver, to
Portland, Or.; Major ; MoCrea, now at
Portland, to San Francisco; and Major
Bates, now at San Francisco, to St.
Paul. ' v ..'.'i.,...;; -
General Vincent today received the
following telegram from General Cop
pinger, dated Jackson's Hole, August
11, it having been forwarded 125 miles
by courier: ' . -'
"Colonel Randall, with Lieutenant
Hamilton and a soouting party, picked
up Lemhi Pete and a party of seven
teen Jndians, all told, male and fe
male, with sixty ponies, hunting peace
fully in the Teton mountains. He
started them home for the Lemhi reser
vation. I have Nemits, the wounded
Bannock, safely in camp. The soout
ing party is in from the north. All is
quiet" ' . ' " " '
The aoting secretary of "the . interior
has approved an agreement with the
Southern Ute Indians of Colorado,
whereby the majority of them will
take lands in severalty, and the rest
will be settled on the western third of
the -,- present reservation. After the
severalty allotments have been made,
the lands remaining will be thrown
open to settlement , The reservation
contains over 1,000,000 acres, and
much of it is arid and broken.
.Telegraph Line Leased.
Minneapolis, August 15. The
North American Telegraph Company,
the Northwestern ally of the Postal,
has leased the line of the Soo Telegraph
Company, extending along the Soo
railway and connecting with the Cana
dian Paoifio lines. This gives a North
American entrance into Winnipeg and
brings it other advantages. ,
: Advance in English Woolens.
San Francisco,' August ,15. An
evening paper says that the wearers of
Enlgish woolen goods will hereafter
pay higher prices for their garments.
This is particularly so of mohair and
alpaoa goods, the increased value of
which at the faotories is from 70 to 80
per cent. The increased selling rate
has been followed by an inorease in ad
valorem duties. .
THE NEW MILITARY POST.
Rivalry of Washington Cities May Pre
vent the Location of Any.
Washington, August 14. Since
Secretary La'mont returned from the
West, both Senator Squire and Repre
sentative , Doolittle have been to see
him several times and urge the estab-
lishment of a military post on Puget
sound, as provided for in the last sun
dry oivil appropriation bill. s Of course,
the senator has the interest of Seattle
at heart and the represenative has been
legging for his town of Taooma. Both
have presented arguments to show
what an advantage it would be to have
the post looated upon the particular
tracts near their cities, which have
been selected in case the secretary
should decide to act. ' r
General Sohofleld, on his Western
trip, did make an examination . of the
respective merits of the two places for
a military post, and there is no deny
ing that he is very favorably impressed
with the site which will be offered by
Tacoma. There are persons who say
that the post should be farther down
the Sound and that Seattle being farther
down the Sound the post should be lo
cated there; also, that it should be
nearer the naval station than it would
be at Tacoma. The answer to the first
of these suggestions is that if the post
would be any better down the Sound
it should be located at Port Townsend,
beoause that it still farther away. To
the other proposition the reply is given
that with the naval station on the op
posite side of the Sound the post might
as well be at Taooma as at Seattle for
all the protection that would be ' ren
ered, and if that view of the case is to
be taken the post might just as well be
established adjoining the naval station.
It seems that the location offered by
Taooma has greatly pleased General
Sohofleld; and if the secreatry calls on
him for an opinion he may recommend
Tacoma. ' r. ' j ;
The seoretary, however, is not likoly
to ask for an opinion. . The corre
spondent asked him about this post and
the proposed Spokane military post the
other day, and his reply indioated pret
ty clearly his intentions. He replied:
What will we do ' with two more
posts in Washington? :'. The fact is we
have plenty of posts and not enough
soldiers to put in them. We have been
abandoning posts from time to time
and still we have more than we need
or can occupy with the troops that are
to be stationed in them. Besides there
is no money to build or equip these
posts even, if they should be estab
lished. There does not seem to be any
pressing need for military posts at
present" : : . .",
This bears out what was said in
these dispatches several months ago,
that Secretary Lamont did not intend
to establish these posts, though it is
possible that he may take some action
in regard to Spokane. i It is probable
that he really believes it would be good
policy to have a post at Spokane, but
the secretary realizes that if he estab
lishes the Spokane post and does not
establish the post on the Sound, that
he will offend both Squire and Doolit
tle, and he has no desire to do that; bo
he will probably allow his term as seo
retary of war to end without taking
any action. It is thus possible that
the rivalry of the three Washington
towns will prevent the establishment
of a military post in Washington, as it
has in the past, and it may in the
future prevent the erection of a public
building at some of the places, or at
least one of the towns in the state. 1
A STRIKE THREATENED.
Garment-Makers of New York Prepar
ing to Go Out. .
New York, August 15. The East
Side is threatened with another strike.
The strike of the brotherhood of tailors
has aioused the vest-makers.cloak-mak-
ers, the childrens' jacket-makers and
the shirt-makers, and they have been
talking strike against the contractors'
associations. The bosses associations
have failed to sign their agreements.
They ask for nothing new, and are
the same that were in foroe laBt year,
but the bosses are opposed to the sys
tem of running shops under union
rules. '
The jacket-makers are prepared to
oall out their combined membership of
5,000 persons on short notice. The
pantaloon-makers will hold a mass
meeting to decide upon a strike. The
oloak-makers expect to order the rest of
their big strike some time this week
and the vest-makers to the number of
600 are dissatisfied. There are 8,000
shirt-makers organized.;: They also are
talking strike. ' -
The manufacturers in the garment
trade have caused the exoitement It
is announced that they are very careful
in taking orders and giving out; con
tracts on acoount of the excited state
of the cloak-makers. ' , '
;. Fruit Dumped in the Bay. -
San Francisco, August 15. Five
hundred orates of musk-melons were
dumped into the bay today by dealers,
who, rather than sell the fruit at a low
price, destroyed it Heavy shipments
from along the Sacramento river . dur
ing the past iew days have caused the
price of fruits, particularly melons, to
fall. Today melons at 10 cents a
orate went begging for purchasers.
THE BURNING FORESTS
Settlers About Summit Now
Fear Heavy Winds.
MUCH TIMBER LAID TO WASTE
Damage at Summit Very Great, Every
' thing Going Up in Smoke Fzcept -'
. ;. the Mill and Dryhouse. '
Olympia, Wash., August '18. A
press representative has just returned
from the burned district near Summit,
west of here,. Muob timber is laid to
waste, but unless heavy winds spring
up the settlers feel confident that the
worst is over. In the logging camps
of Mason county the men are still
guarding against dying embers, while
others : are ' rebuilding burned-out
camps. The big fire has reached about
twelve miles from . here, ; - where the
flames have full play and are raging
all the way to Elma, over large terri
tory on both sides of the road. Several
ranohes are in danger and the ooou
pants are using every means in their
power for protection from the flames.
In most cases they are fighting the fire
with fire, and many of them have bur
ied their valuables, clothing, etc, in
order to save them in , case they are
obliged to flee. Several shingle mills
are in imminent danger, the only hope
of salavtion being that the wind will
not spring up before ram sets in. .
The residents of Summit, a small
settlement supported by the shingle
industry, have had a most exciting ex
perience. They say the flames came
upon them with the speed of a race
horse, and in a bewildering whirl of
blazing bark, limbs and leaves, all
houses, with the exception of the mill
and dryhouse dissappeared. The men
were focred into the mill to escape the
fierce heat, and had the mill taken fire,
they all would , have been cremated.
They could not : live out from cover.
One man tried to save his household
effects and stayed by - the fire until
others had sought shelter. - He finally
started to retreat, but fell between the
house and the milL Several men rush
ed out and dragged . him ' inside.
Houses were burned to the ground be
fore the men could dig trenches to bury
clothing and personal effects. v. .
The loss of the fine timber is indefi
nite and many large bodies of .. school
lands, belonging to the state are burned
over. i
JUROR , BROWN EXCUSED.
Contempt Proceedings A gainst San
Francisco Newspapers Dismissed.
San Francisco, August 14. Today's
proceedings in the case of Theodore
Durrant, charged with the murder of
Blanche Lamont, did not complete the
jury. The morning session passed'
without the addition of a single juror.
In fact, the number of accepted jurors
was reduced from nine to eight, for the
court excused Juror Brown. In a long
opinion, Judge Murphy said that he
would allow the district attorney to
challenge Brown, because the prosecu
tion had not known that Brown voted
to acquit M. D. Howell of the charge
of counterfeiting in the United States
district court beoause the evidence was
circumstantial. . The district attorney
interposed a peremptory ohallenge to
Brown, and the court allowed it 'The
defense took an exoeption and moved
to dismiss the case, a motion whioh
was promptly denied. ' . '
The court then took np the defend
ant's motion for oontempt proceedings
against the newspapers which had pub
lished matter connected with Juror
Brown, and had interviewed him re
garding his availability as a juror.
The court made an address to the press,
stating that the publication of any ar
ticles tending to destroy the defend
ant's chances for receiving a fair trial
was contempt, and warning newspa
permen of the .necessity for conserva
tive treatment of this and similar oases.
He declined then to act upon the news
paper citations issued at the request of
the defendant ,. The oounsel tried to
insist upon the contempt actions being
pressed, and urged the court to make a
judioial order defining the matter the
newspapers might publish regarding
the trial, but the judge declined fur
ther action in the matter.
The Asylum Tragedy. ' '
Chicago, August 18. Superintend
ent Morgan, of the Cook oonnty asy
lum for the insane, said today that he
had seoured considerable new evidence
regarding the killing of George Puoik,
Friday, and that it pointed, strongly to
the equal guilt of Attendants - Ander-1
son and Gough. ; The superintendent
refused to make known what the evi
dence was, saying that if it became
publio at this time it might have the
effect of quieting persons expected to
give . further evidence. Morgan said
he proposed to leave np stone unturned
to convict Anderson and Gough, if
sufficient evidence could be seoured
for that purpose- Dr. McGrew, the
hospital physician,' says that this is
not the first time they have been guilty
of gross cruelty to patients. He says
that he has reported to the offloials,
but that political influence has always
prevented their discharge, v
TO PEOPLE THE DESERT.
Immense Scheme of a Number of East- -"
' ern Capitalists. ...
San Francisco, August 18. The Ex-,
aminer says a number of Eastern .capi
talists are in this city hard at work on
a scheme, which, if carried out, means
the revolution of the fruit industry of
the country, and perhaps a business -boom
such as the state has never seen.
The soheme is nothinsg less than the
reclamation of the" Colorado desert by
turning the waters of the Colorado 1
river over it - But that is only part of :
the great scheme. The company has a
grant of 1,500,000 acres in . Mexioo.
Biythe's famous principality lies on
the western edge', and it is proposed to
take part of the waters of the Colorado
river onto that immense territory too. -As
outlined, the plan comprehends
the development of the greatest irriga
tion system in the two Amerioas and
in the end cheap fruit ; . v
.The promoters evidently mean busi-
ness, for hey have just handed the
Southern Pacific Company , a check for -
$1,500,000 in return f or, .itsjitle to the ,
alternate sections of land in the Salton
basin. The land turned over . foots up
something like 45,000 acres. The pur
chase was decided on as the best meth
od of forever settling any question
that might arise over titles. .
Principally, Eastern capital - is be
hind the soheme. ' John C. Beatty,who
has handled more land in the South-'
West than any two men on the conti-
nent, is the - general . manager of the
scheme. He got the idea some years
ago by watohing the efforts of Million- ,
aire Blythe to colonize his big Mexioan
grants. ' Interested with Beatty in the
enterprise are such men ad James Lin
ton and Henry A.' Pierce, of Provi
dence, R. I., and P. McLean, of New
York, , . :: ; ..'
The scheme was started . some ten -
years ago and constant hard work dur
ing all that time has simply brought it
to the present stage, where the prelim
inary work of turning the soil for the
canal has only just beguu. Over $50,
000 were spent in surveys before the
promoters were assured " they could
oarry out the irrigation system con- -
tem plated.- Then a hard, battle had to
be fought in congress . to capture cer--;
tain government lands whioh were ab-
solutely essential to the success of the
plan. Agreements had to be made with
Mexico and big corporations that held
certain rights on ' the American side.
All those obstaoles have been cleared
away and now laborers are to work on
the canal. If all goes well the water -
will be running in it before the end of
next year. . . ; ' . ' -
The oompany has figured that with-
in a few years it : will ; have at least . .-.
800,000 farmers on the land. This
would mean the' handling of an im
mense volume of increased business for
that section of the state. The company
is on the eve of sending agents through
all the Eastern states with a view to
inducing colonists to come out. ' t
Colonizing the irrigable land in ten- .
acre patches or more does not end the
scheme by "any , means. : A system of
stores will be opened through the val
ley and goods Will be sold to the col
onists at a figure barely above cost
rates. .' ""
ANOTHER DRY SUNDAY.
No New Nor Interesting Features De-
' ' veloped in New York. V
New York August 18. Many new
and interesting features in the fight of
the saloon-keepers against the police,
whioh were promised last Sunday, did
not materalize and the day simply fell
in line with other Sundays whioh have
intervened since ', the , reform polioe
board took hold of the municipal ad
ministration. It was a pretty dry day,
but a shade pleasanter', for the thirsty,
who have learned the scheme, seoured
drinks from an apparently closed sa
loon.. For the stranger and the unin- -itiated
the day was as dry . as any of
the past half dozen Sundays. .
Few of the' dealers took advantage
of the privilege of keeping their places
open which has lately been deoided as
legal, provided liquors are not given
away or sold. - The most notable in
stance was that of Steve Brodie, ' who
had no end of trouble in carrying on a
charitable enterprise in his saloon.
Brodie was giving away lemonade and
taking a collection for a free ice fund,
when the police arrested him for break
ing the Sabbath law, but was promptly
discharged by . . Magistrate .. Cornell.
Afterwards he was arrested twiue, but
each time was released and resumed
business. ' ' ' ' : '.
' The Canadian School Question.
Winnipeg, . August 18., Premier
Greenway stated today that the latest
communication from the Ottawa gov
ernment on the school question is that
it is not be considered until after har
vest. ,' It is inferred that should the
harvest be safely gathered Greenway
may appeal to the people on the ques
tion; .. In the present , temper: of the
people suoh a move, .would -.assuredly
result in Greenway 's being given an
other four years in office. , -
' . ,, Ferdinand Must Abdicate. ,
London, ,y August ',..'12. The ,. corre
spondent of the Standard at Sofia - says:
The Bulgarian delegation, at St.. Peters-,
burg was virtually told that Russia
would do nothing for Bulgaria unless
Prinoe Ferdinand abdicated.